Volume 28

OCTOBER, 1923

Number 1

THE NORMAL
SCHOOL HERALD

RURAL EDUCATION NUMBER

CUMBERLAND VALLEY STATE
NORMAL SCHOOL
SHIPPENSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA

J. R. KERR & BBO., Publishers, Chambersburg, Pa.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Page
Rural Training Centers 1923-1924.................................................

3

Revised Class Discussion and Study Program...............-..............

4

Geography:
Revised suggestive distribution of geography lessons...........

6

Variety of method essential to good geography teaching..... 10
A suggested list of geography material for a rural school.... 15
Some sources from which geographical pictures may be
purchased .................................... .....................................
Pageant suggestions...................................

20

Topics Suggested for Discussion in Agriculture.......................... 24
Art Education in the Rural Schools:
The Aim.................................. ....... ........ - .......... -....................... 26
Source material in art education............................................... 26
Cross section of work for years 1-4...................................... .

29

Cross section of work for years 5-8......................................... 30
Rural School Equipment List........................................... -................ 32
Lists of Library Books now in Circulation in the Rural Training
Centers .................................................-............. 35
Centers

...................... -.......... ............. ....................................—

Index to Publishers and Supply Houses......................... ......... -..... 42
A Museum as a School Project......................................................... 45
Word Picture of the Hot Lunch...................... .................................. 45
Country Life Club Reports................................................................ 47

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

3

RURAL TRAINING CENTERS 1923-1924
Southampton Township, Franklin County, Pa.
Prof. J. L. Finafrock....................... County Superintendent
Prof. R. L. Mowery....... Assistant County Superintendent
Board of School Directors
Dr. Thomas D. White_________________
...President
2Mr, Charles A. Plasterer......... ............
Secretary
Mr. Amos Leidig................................................... Treasurer
Mr. E. D. Fogelsanger
Mr. W. H. Brechbiel
Normal School Faculty
Miss Hannah A. Kieffer......... Director of Rural Education
Prof. L. E. Smith................................... Extension Director
Miss Edna Stamy......................... Assistant Rural Director
Miss Katharine Cox................................. Supervisor of Art
Prof. H. L. Burkholder........... Supervisor of Handwriting
Prof. David 0. Slyter........................... Supervisor of Music
Regular and Critic Teachers
Schools
Regular and Critic Teachers
Enrollment
Sunny Hill....................Miss Edith Morrison
18
Mt. Rock..... ................. Miss Edith Harry
38
Orrstown
Grammar. ................ Mr. S. R. Zullinger
24
Primary... ................. Miss Miriam D. Wise
38
Edgewood.... ................. Miss Fannie Minnich
18
Mainsville.... _____________ .M r s . N e l l i e C o n v e r
36
Rural Seniors at work in the schools.............. ................ 40

CLASS DISCUSSION AND SEATWORK PROGRAM FOR ONE -TEACHER SCHOOLS*
Submitted by Hannah A. Kieffer and Rural Co-workers.

TIME

GROUP

SUBJECT

10:30-15

Reading

10:45-15

Geog. 2 I I I ; Nature 1
Civics and History 2

11:00-15

Geography 4 ; Nature 1

11:15-10

Arithmetic

11:25- 5
11:80-15

Setting Up Exercises..
Geography 4 ...............
Hygiene 1- ...............

9 :S0-15
9:45-15
10:00- 5
10:05-15

11:45-15
12:00-60

V III

C, B, A .........
C, B, A ....... .

...ÊÊBÊË}

and A ____ _ )
.......................

Seatwork

Arithmetic..
Seatwork

Purposeful Seatwork..
Reading .....
Blackboard Work.......
Number

C, B. A..

C, B, A..

Grade III..
C MÊÊÊÊÈ

Games....^ ^ ^ ^ .^ ^
Flood Room

Seatwork Arithmetic

with Fresh Air.

Seatwork Arithmetic....
Period or Recess
Physical Education on the Playground.
( Seatwork?" u—...........-J§|!
( Geog., Nature, History.
5 Reading 2 .... -PB —
Handwork Reading( Creative Work 2
5 Handwork '
Blackboard W ork.....
( Geog., History, Nature..
5 Seatwork ....1||......
t- Geog., Nature, Hygiene..
Flood Room with Fresh Air.

D, C, B, A .—
Grade I V ........... j Reading, Games..
Grade IV and B
Clay Modeling.........
Geography 4
----- j A ...............
Agric. and Nature 1
Sand Table W ork.....
Clean
Hands— One
Lunch Period.... ¡É*v~— D, C, B, A..

Arithmetic...

Seatwork Arithmetic

Free

....................

..... ......... —— D

VII

Library

Hot

...........5

Library
Seatwork iff.—......... .
Geog., Nature, Hygiene...
Seatwork
.........
Geog., Nature, Hygiene-

Library

Handwork
Geog., Nature, Hygiene..

Geog., Agriculture, Nature

Free

Period..—

Seatwork
Arithmetic ....................

Dish

Playground Activities

Day— Organised

Handwork
Geog., Agriculture, Nature
Seatwork

Handwork ................ ..........
Geog, Nature, Hygiene
a

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

10:20-10

Bible Beading------- ....— D,
D,
Music
d
Reading ..
B
Silent Reading
Arithmetic .....................• C
(Drill & Instruction)
Arithmetic
— B
Drill and Instruction
Silent Reading
Setting Up Exercises.... D,
Arithmetic
Drill and Instruction A
D,
Recess H i .... .ffSBHHI

9:00- 5
9 :05-10
9 :15-15

VI

IV

I ll

II

Seatwork
Geog., Agriculture, Nature

TIME
12 : 55- 5

1:00-20
1 : 20-20

GROUP
IV

Assemble
School
fori School Work.
Oral Expression 4
D
(inc. Hygiene).... ...... D &G r a d e 'if f
A rt 1
...... ............| D and
English Spelling.... ...... c
Reading
q

2:55-15

Reading

3:10-15

Reading

3 :25-15

History 3
Civics 2 ............. ^....
History 3 .......................
Civics or Hygiene 2
Dismissal

2 :00-20

2 :20-25

3:40-20
4:00

b

IL C, B, A...
D, C, B, A...
B and A ......
Playground.
D

M

( Blackboard ....
Seatwork ...........
Reading .............
Paper cutting 2..
....... 2
2...JI.............. 2
Socialized Seatwork Reading

...................

.......................

■

Reading-

Seatwork ...
Composition

Seatwork
Composition and Spelling
! Seatwork
I Composition

Spelling

Seatwork .........
History— Civics
Seatwork .........
History— Sivics

Reading..

Benchwork— Handwork

Creative Work.........

Free

n™ 6”

HKU

Seatwork
Reading

or

Literatui

Seatwork
Spelling

Period..

Seatwork

VIII

Seatwork
Reading

Seatwork ...fpSHHNH
Composition— Reading

Seatwork
Free

>’i8Ure‘ *° the rtih t

a,

Handwork— Sandtable
Dramatization Period..
( Rest Period................

VII

Period...................

Benchwork—Handwork
Seatwork
History— Civics
Seatwork
History— Civics

Benchwork— Handwork

P « «• * - I" • ™ « W t h i T i S i ^ ; i V s a ^ l S S 5 t r

g

H

g

i

E £ ;d‘h* ,ndilW“ 1 “ d

Nat»,.“ ™
o i G eSkph“ a u b 'L S ; E
f i “
?
lh* 40 1*“ ons ln
*»'
The Rural Department will explain any points not clear if a stamped envelope is enclosed.

b= >™ P«1 for » «

*» •*« “
»in u t, period.

NORMAL s c h o o l h e r a l d

2:45-10

English Spelling...........j
Reading
English Spelling....
Reading
Spelling 2
Handwriting 2
Art 1 .....................
Recess— Free Play

Seatwork v.^..WB|||PEBWi
Composition or Reading..

VI

H

1 : 40-20

SUBJECT

6

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD
REVISED SUGGESTIVE DISTRIBUTION OF
GEOGRAPHY LESSONS
Years 3-8, for Rural Schools*

This distribution in its original form was the co-operative
activity of the State Director of Instruction in Geography, and a
large group of teachers in service who have been studying Rural
Education in the Shippensburg State Normal School. It first ap­
peared in October, 1922, Herald. Other teachers have contributed
ideas to the present form. Your active co-operation is sought so
that this may function even more effectively in a revised form.
Hence, will you not send to the State Director of Geography sug­
gestions whereby this distribution may be improved? You will
in turn receive a copy of the revised form when it is issued next
year.
.
This outline is merely suggestive, and all the geography periods
for any one grade have not been assigned, so that tn e^ will be
abundant time for developing and testing the pupils abilities to
use the text book, specimens pictures, maps, and graphs as means
of procuring ideas and also for expressing ideas. Conditions
confronting teachers who have more than one grade represented
in their classes have been constantly in mind in making the following suggestions. This applies to those schools where the work
of some grades is alternated, for example: fifth year work is
taken up with both sixth and fifth year pupils during one year
and sixth year work is taken up with the same pupils the fol­
lowing year. This outline deals primarily with subject matter m
the State Course of Study, with which every teacher should be
familiar and which every teacher should use as a constant ref­
erence. Other aims to be achieved year by year are stated in
the complete course 'of study and should constitute additional
objectives. The figures in parentheses accompanying each division
of work refer to the number of lessons suggested m which that
particular unit of work may be studied. This outline does not
suggest the order in which these units of work shall be treated,
nor that any of them must necessarily be studied before another
is taken up, but merely to suggest a minimum of time to be spent
on each for the year.
THIRD YEAR
I.

II.

Life in Local Environment.
Food 16, Clothing 3, Shelter 3.
Travel 3,
Communication
3,
Review 3.
People in Other Environments.
Indian-Nov. (Stress shelter also
in other lands.)
Arab-Dee. (Stress travel also
in other lands.)
Eskimo-Jan.
(Stress clothing
also in other lands.)
Swiss-Feb. (Stress communica­
tion also in other lands.)
Dutch-March (Clinch effect o f
physical environment on life*)
Japanese, Hawaiians or Fili­
pinos. April
(Stress island
life. Clinch weather study.)

III.

Weather
calendar
should
be
marked daily and discussions on
weather as occasions demand.

FOURTH YEAR— Life Activities in
English Speaking North Amer­
ica.
1.

United States.
Middle Atlantic States 8.
Study local activitie.s
Stress
agriculture,
mining,
fishing, manufacture, com­
merce.
New England States 8.
Stress manufacturing, fishing,
and quarrying.
Southern States 8.
. . .
Stress agriculture, forest in­
dustries.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD
Central States 8.
Stress agriculture, manufac­
turing, commerce, lumber­
ing, mining.
Rocky Mountain States 8.
Mining, sheep raising, irri­
gation.
Pacific States 8.
Lumbering, fishing, agricul­
ture.
II.

United States as a whole.
Distribution o f population 1.
Producing areas 3.
Agriculture, forest, industries
and mining.
Transportation and communica­
tion 1.
Review o f cities 1.
Recreation centers 1.
Climate 1.
Surface 1.
River systems 1.

HI.

United Stattes Possessions.
Alaska—Fishing with review o f
U. S .; mining, with review o f
U. S. other occupations, with
review o f U. S. review physi­
cal environment. Stress rela­
tionship between physical en­
vironment and people.
Panama Canal Zone 1.
Philippine Islands 1.
Hawaiian Islands 1.
Guam and Virginia Islands 1.
Porto Rico 1.

IV .

Canada as a whole.
Producing areas:
Agriculture
1, fishing and hunting 1, min­
ing ggj manufacturing 1, trans­
portation 1, recreation 1, cli­
mate 1, surface 1.
Comparison o f Canada and U. S.
Size and producing areas 4,
nonproducing areas 2, journey
lessons 6, surface and climate
2, people and cities 2.

V.

VI.
V.

Review o f English Speaking N. A .
on basis o f Activities.
Agriculture.
General Farm ing: Wheat and
corn 2, rice and cotton, cane
and beet sugar 1.
Truck Farming.
Fruit
Growing:
Temperate
zone fruits 1, tropical 1.
Grazing 1, dairying 1.
Fishing: shad, salmon, mack­
erel, oysters 2.
Forest _ Industries: Lumbering
including
sap
industry
of
maple and pine and bark in. dustry 2.

Manufacturing:
Textiles
2,
shoes 1, iron and steel goods 2,
(including farm machinery)
automobiles 1, paper 1, furni­
ture 1.
Transportation and communica­
tion : Domestic 2, water 2,
air 1.
Foreign : Ocean routes 3, Re­
creation.
Review
of ^English— speaking
North America as listed under
V. is omitted when the classes
are grouped for the review of
the year’s work as outlined for
eighth year.
FIFTH YEAR— European Countries.
France and those places under
her control and influence, 20.
The homeland in Europe.
Algeria and Tunis.
French Sudan and Sahara.
French Equatorial Africa.
French Southeast Asia, (Indo
China).
Madagascar.
French Guiana.
Island possessions or mandates.
Syria.
Spain and Portugal 3.
Belgium, Belgium Congo 2.
Netherlands, Dutch East Indies,
(especially Java), Guiana (S.
A .) 2.
Denmark 1.
German Republic 2.
Switzerland 1.
Italy, including Sicily; Tripoli 2.
Jugoslavia, Albania, Turkey 2.
Review on producing area 40,
basis with other sections. See
Eighth year outline.
SIXTH YEAR— British Empire, China,
Japan, Latin America, Arctic
Regions and Continents.
I.

British Empire.
United Kingdom: Great Britain
and Ireland— England 3, Scot­
land 2, Ireland 2, Wales 1,
Journeys, stress place geogra­
phy 2.
Dominion o f Australia compared
with Canada 3.
New Foundland compared with
New Zealand Districts in A fri­
ca 2, (Union of South A frica (.
Island Districts 2.
Egypt 4.
Mandate Palestine 2.
Districts in Asia 1.
India
4.
(Baluchistan
and
Strait Settlements).
Comparison and review 3.

II.

Asiatic Countries:
China 6, Japan 6, Persia 1, Asia
as a whole 3.
Comparison o f Europe, Asia and
A frica 2.

Weather Records.
Review o f English Speaking N. A.
Forest Industries: Hunting 1.
M ining: Coal' 2, iron and cop­
per 2, gold and silver ores 1,
petroleum and gas 1.

7

s

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

H I.

Latin Am erica:
Argentina 2, Brazil 2, Chile 2.
Camparative review
1. Other
Andean Countries 4.
South America as a whole Ven­
ezuela, Paraguay, and ^ Uraguay, new united Caribbean
Countries.
Review
South
American Countries bordering
on the Caribbea-n, add Feder­
ation o f Central America 3.
Mexico 4.

IV .

Comparative Studies.
Arctic vs Antarctic Regions 2.
North America vs South Amer­
ica 8.
Pan Pacific People 2.
Continents:
Stressing Geogra­
phic Controls, World Vegeta­
tion
Belts
and Population
areas o f the world 8.

Y.

This group will then review the
work o f the year from the point
o f view o f industries joining
with 4th year and 7th and
8th year students. See outline
under eighth grade.
/v
Review on Producing Area Basis
40. This work ' may be done
with other sections in a 45
minute period.
See eighth
year outline.

goods 1, textiles 1, glass 1 :
refining: oil and sugar 1 ;
railroads
2,
waterways
1,
highways 1.
Population 1 (distribution and
analysis).
Cities.
Geographic
factors:
Climate
and surface 1, soil, drainage,
minerals 1, (trace life responces).
Present activities vs future pos­
sibilities 2.
III.

SEVENTH
YEAR— Local
District,
County,
Pennsylvania
and
United States Geography.
I.

Local District— entire county.
(The problem method is recom­
mended).
Effect o f Climate upon life of
the community 1.
Work Activities 1.
Analysis o f each work activity
worthy o f such analysis 6.
Essentials o f good map work 1.
Requirements
for
effective
graphs 1.
Distribution and analysis o f pop­
ulation 1.
Excursion and field trips (ar­
ranged by group).
Geographic
fa ctors:
Climate
and surface 1, soil and drain­
age 1, minerals and other re­
sources 1, apply policy o f con­
servation 1.
Appreciation lesson o f work ac­
tivities and places o f interest
2.
Present work activitis vs future
1.
Use maps graphs and
charts.

II.

Pennsylvania.
As a playground and health re­
w o rk
Activities:
Mining 2,
quarrying
1,
lumbering
2
(stress work o f State Depart­
ment), agriculture 3, manu­
facturing :
iron
and
steel

IV.

V.

United States— work activities.
What people do, how it is done,
why carried on, to what
extent.
Journey
lessons:
Imaginary
trips by auto, rail, aeroplane
etc.
Historical and special features.
North Atlantic Coastal Plain.
(Maine to Potomac from At­
lantic to Piedmont).
Work activities 3, Journey 1.
Appalachian Highlands.
Work activities 5, Journey 1.
Central Plains.
Work activities 5, Journey 1.
Rocky Mountain Region.
Work activities 3, Journey 1.
Pacific Slope.
Work activities 5, Journey 1.
Review on basis of political Sec­
tion.
Northeastern States—New_ Eng­
land and Middle Atlantic 3.
Southeastern—Delaware to Tex­
as inclusive 3.
North Central States 3.
Western States—Rocky Moun­
tain and Pacific States 3.
United States as Whole. ^
Roosevelt’s
Conservation
Pro­
gram 3.
What has been done?
what remains to be done?
Forestry, Irrigation, Reclama­
tion of everglades etc.
General review of the United
States 10.
What the United States gives to
the world 3.
What the United States receives
from the world 2.
Outlying Possessions.
Alaska—stress future possi­
bilities 4.
Island possessions 5.
Porto Rico, Virgin Islands,
Phillippines, Hawaiian Is­
lands, Guam, Tutuila, Wake.
Panama Canal Zone 2.
This group of students will review
the work of the year with 4th,
year and sections B and A in
one group, 40 lessons from the
Product point of view.
See outline o f work as given
with 8th year.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD
EIGHTH YEAR— Comparative Studies.
I. Study each Country as a contri­
butor and as a reviewer.
Japan 5, China 5, Near East
Countries 3, (Syria, Armenia,
Mesopotamia, Turkey), Egypt
4, Abyssinia 1, Union o f South
A frica 1, Brazil 3, Argentine
3, Chile 2, Ecuador 1, Colom­
bia 1, Bolivia 1, Australia and
New Zealand 3, Pacific Islands
1, Canada 3, United States 5,
Alaska 2, Mexico 2, British
Isles 5, Scandanavia and Den­
mark 4, Baltic Countries (in­
cluding) Poland 5, Germany
2, Netherlands 2, Belgium 3,
Czechoslovakia 2, Switzerland
2, Austria 1, Hungary 1, Med­
iterranean Countries 10 (Spain
Portugal, France, Italy, Jugo­
slavia, Albania, Greece, Bul­
garia, Asia Minor and North­
ern African Countries.
Group the leading countries o f
the world and compare 5.
II.

Comparative Study o f Production
Areas o f the World 40. (By
grouping IVth year with B and

9

A sections a 45 minute period
four days of the week can be
arranged. See program o f Class
and Study periods).
Wheat, corn, rice rubber, tea,
coffee, sugar, fruits, raw cot­
ton, copra, hemp, raw silk,
cattle, swine, sheep, fish, lum­
ber, coal, iron ore, copper ore,
gold ore, silver ore, platinum,
petroleum, natural gas, tex­
tiles, iron and steel goods will
be the special topics o f con­
versation 4th year rsponds in
terms
of
English—speaking
North America.
Sections B
and A in terms of countries
studied.
United States will serve as a
constant basis of comparison.
The pupils will be especially
interested in the areas or dis­
tricts producing farm machin­
ery, automobiles, and all labor
saving devices.
This plan o f review was success­
fully
demonstroted
at
the
Orrstown Rural Training Cen­
tre, Spring Session, 1923.

EIGHTH YEAR— Comparative Studies. 1. Include Russia 2, Rumania _ 1,
Venezuela 1, Peru 1, and Central America 2, British Isles should read British
Empire.

BRIEF OUTLINE OF COURSE OF STUDY
ABILITIES AND SKILLS
As suggested by State Director of Geography.
(Page references refer to 1922 Course of study for
Elementary Grades).
h i.

Local Geography.
People in terms o f food, clothing,
shelter, travel, communication.
Peoples in representative environments
in the w orld: dry desert, cold desert,
wet
tropics,
highland,
lowlands,
islands.
Life in relation to weather and climate.

IV.

English speaking part o f North America.
(United States and Canada).
Outlying possessions o f the United
States.
Life activities in terms o f occupations
in relation to geographic controls.
Places o f special scenic interest in
United States and Canada.
Journeys to environments other than
those taken in Third year.

III.

Abilities and Skills.
(Training in use of tools.)
Specimens, pictures, draw­
ings.
Simple sketch map of local
district.
Booklets— Sand table.
Galendar, weather charts.
Plays. /
pp 300, 301, 312.

IV.

Specimens. Clippings.
Pictures—drawings.
Maps (wall and desk).
Text book (index).
Booklets—posters.
Weather records.
pp 317, S39.

10
V.

VI.

V II.

V III.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD
European countries.
Study o f life in the homeland (territory
in Europe followed by study o f life V .
in important districts under the home­
land’s control.
British Empire (except mention of
Great Britian and Ireland) reserved
for Sixth Year.
China, Japan, India. Eurasia as a
whole (Europe and Asia).

Specimens— Clippings.
Pictures— drawings.
Maps and reference books.
Graphs.
Weather records, booklets
— charts.
pp 342, 348, 853.

British Empire.
Homeland, then outlying districts under
her control.
A frica as a whole, Australia as a whole
and comparison o f both with Europe
and Asia. ^
V I.
Latin America.
South A m erica: A B C countries,
Andean countries, Caribbean dis­
trict.
Federation
of
Central
Am erica:
Guatemala,
Salvadar,
Honduras,
Costa Rica.
Mexico.
South America as a whole, North Amer­
ica as a whole.
Arctic and Antarctic region. Compari­
son o f all continents.
Keynote— Conservation.
trict (to include county if desired),
Analysis o f life activities in local dis- VII.
trict (to include county i f desired),
State o f Pennsylvania.
Life activities in United States. A p­
proach and organization different
from that used in Fourth Year.
Comparative study o f the countries of
the world.
The contribution which each country V III.
is receiving from , as well as giving
to, people all over the world will be
stressed.
Comparative study o f the producing
and non-producing areas o f the
world's commercial products and ave­
nues o f transportation.
Constant
tracing o f relationships between life
responces and geographic influences.

Specimens— Drawings.
Pictures, clippings.
Maps, graphs, statistics.
Text
books,
reference
Books.
Magazines, newspapers.
Booklets, charts.
Weather records.
pp 354, 862.

Tools as used in 6th. year.
Maps including geological
survey
and
weather
maps.
pp 370, 393.

In addition to specimens,
pictures, drawings, maps,
graphs,
statistics,
clip­
pings—more detailed world
maps and verbal matter
dealing with various coun­
tries and commodities.
pp 397, 408.

VARIETY OF METHOD ESSENTIAL TO GOOD
GEOGRAPHY TEACHING
It is never advisable to follow any one method to the
exclusion of all others. The type study, the topical, and
the problem method should all be used some time during
the term. The suggestions enumerated below are prob-

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

11

lems which may be used as initial studies or as means of
review. Generally speaking the pupils should formulate
their problems. However at times the teacher should
present the problem. In this way classroom procedure
will parallel conditions as they occur in every day life:
some problems are thrust upon us, others we set up for
ourselves.
A real geography problem must— *
1. Be worth solving from the standpoint of the pupils’
contacts and of future usefulness to the pupils.
2. Awaken the initiative of the pupils. If the prob­
lem is interesting to the children and seems to them
worthwhile, their initiative will be aroused. Real in­
terest creates a desire to know.
3. Involve analysis between man and earth.
4. Require the use of those tools of geography tech­
nique which the child is capable of using at that time and
in the use of which he should be trained.
5. Develop habits and attitudes of mind not yet ac­
quired by the children but worth acquiring, or produce
greater skill in those abilities already developed to a
certain degree.
6. Develop those feelings which lead toward openmindedness and a realization of mutual helpfulness and
interdependence of people which will result in a spirit of
sympathy, understanding and co-operation.
*See discussion of problem method—pp. 274, 275 Man­
ual and Syllabus for Elementary Schools 1922. Depart­
ment of Public Instruction,
Some of the following problems have been taken from
the State Course of Study; others have been contributed
by the 1923 C. V. S. N. S. Summer Session Students in
Geography and rural teachers in the field, since the 1922
Syllabus was issued. All of these have been worked out
with children. Probably no one class or school should
attempt to solve all of these. Send any problems which
are found worthwhile to the State Director of Geogra­
phy, so that other teachers may know about them.

Î2

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

Third Year
What food of your last meal was not grown at home?
Why not ?
How is life among the Eskimos different from that
among the Arabs ?
Fourth Year
Why is New York City the world’s greatest seaport?
What conditions have helped to make manufacturing
the leading industry of New England?
Why is the population so dense in northeastern United
States ?
What factors have been influential in developing our
country into a great industrial nation ?
In what ways is Canada like the United States ?
Why do most of the Canadians live in the southern part
of that country?
Fifth Year
How has Denmark come to be the world’s teacher in
the dairy industry ?
Why has Belgium been called one of the workshops of
Europe ?
How is it that the Netherlands and Switzerland are
the leading continental European exporters of cheese?
Why have the mountains become the best asset of
Switzerland ?
Why does Holland devote good grain fields to the
growing of bulbs when she does not raise enough food to
feed herself?
How can the people of Albania make a place for them­
selves as a progressive nation?
Why is Czechoslovakia called the “ keyland” of Central
Europe ?
How does Poland resemble our north central group of
states ?
Why are the places now under France’s jurisdiction of

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

IS

value to her?
Why do so many people visit Europe? Outline a trip
tor yourself and indicate why you want to go to each
place.
Sixth Year
To what extent have Great Britain’s deposits of coal
and iron played a part in her development?
How do territories under British jurisdiction help
Great Britain to be a great industrial and commercial
nation?
Why did the largest city of Great Britain develop on
the east side of the island ?
In terms of geography what future has China?
Study the population map of Asia and explain the dis­
tribution of people on that continent.
Prove that Asia is a land of extremes.
Why has Africa been so long a little known continent
although it is close to Europe and was the seat of one o f
the earliest civilizations ?
Why is the Amazon valley in Brazil not a land of fields
and farms ?
In what respects is Argentina a competitor of the
United States? Why is this?
Why do not the people of the West Indies engage
largely in manufacturing?
Why is there such a variety of products in Mexico?
Seventh Year
Why should our country be interested in the conserva­
tion of forests?
Why are the people of Pennsylvania engaged in so
many different occupations? (Show that this diversity
of work activities is true; then explain why it is possible.)
What definite plans are being carried out in Pennsyl­
vania along the line of “ conservation” ?
How did Pittsburg come to be a centre of the steel

14

th e n o r m a l school h e r a l d

industry ?
What does Pennsylvania contribute to the world’s wel­
fare?
Prove that Pennsylvania has become a leading factor in
the industries of the United States. Explain this fact.
Study carefully the rainfall map of the United States
and Canada. How has the distribution of rainfall in­
fluenced life in each section ?
Why is forest conservation a national necessity ?
The North Atlantic ports are more important than the
South Atlantic ports. Why?
Will the Pacific Coast of the United States ever become
as important commercially as the Atlantic Coast?
Eighth Year
What contributions to world welfare are the new coun­
tries of Europe making?
(Czechoslovakia, Poland,
Australia, Jugoslavia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia,
Esthonia).
The following analysis may be applied to any country
that is being considered: “ What means of maintaining
themselves do these people have? Show how any of
these work activities contribute definitely to the welfare
of the rest of the world. How is the United States in­
fluenced by the work or thought produced in this
country? What possible future developments do you
see for that country ?” *
Why is the commerce of the Atlantic Ocean greater
than that of the Pacific Ocean?
Explain the distribution of cotton producing and cotton
manufacturing areas in the world.
* See page 399, Manual and Syllabus for Elementary
Schools issue 1922 by the State Department of Public
Instruction, Harrisburg.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

15

A SUGGESTED LIST OF GEOGRAPHY MATERIAL
FOR A RURAL SCHOOL
(Approximate expenditure $20-25)
The Director of Rural Education and co-workers in the
C. V. S. N. S. Rural Department are interested in as­
sisting teachers in the field. Mr. Charles Boechler,
teacher of Mahantango School, Upper Paxton township,
Dauphin County, was a student in the Geography Depart­
ment 1922, Rural section.
Mr. Boechler and his school community raised twenty
some dollars for school equipment and requested the
Rural Department to assist them in investing the money
to the best advantage. The Rural Department with the
aid of the State Director of Geography recommended the
following:
I. Maps.
Approximate
Wall Map.
cost
Blackboard outline map of U. S. on one
side, world on other. Rand McNally
Co., Chicago.
$6.00
♦Physical Map of Europe or World—
(Goode Series). Rand McNally Co.,
Chicago, Illinois.
$8.00
Pennsylvania Maps— obtained free from
Public Service Commission, Harris­
burg.
Map showing steam railroads
Map showing electric railroads.
Dept, of Highways, Harrisburg.
Map showing highways.
Dept. Public Instruction.
Map recently issued by Department
of Forestry.
For additional free material see pp.
379-381 and also pp. 387-389 of
Manual and Syllabuses for Elemen-

16

2.

3.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

tary Schools.
County Maps— Dauphin County— ob­
tained for 25 cents from Department
of Highways, Harrisburg.
$ .25
Desk Outline Maps— Write for sample
sets to A. J. Nystrom & Co,, Chicago,
111.
A small
Milton Bradley Co., Springfield, Mass. expense.
Purchase one Homolographic protion of World, U. of Chicago,
Press, Chicaga, Illinois.
One copy of each continent: N. A.,
S. A., Europe, Asia, Africa, Aus­
tralia, also of United States @
$ .25— Mckinley Publishing Co.,
Ranstead St., Philadelphia, Pa.
$1.75
Graph Paper.
Inquire of Milton Bradley Co., as to
price.
Magazines.
World’s Almanac 1923— Press Publish­
ing Co., New York City.
Geographic News Bulletin— A weekly
publication throughout the school year
(30 issues) free for school by National
Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.
25 cents to pay postage only.
Monthly Magazine— The National Geo­
graphic, National Geographic Society,
Washington, D. C.
Magazine very
valuable for its pictures. (Frequen­
tly a family subscribes for this and the
children bring it to school.)
Journal of Geography— A magazine es­
pecially valuable to teachers of geog­
raphy in any school. Every up-todate instructor subscribes personally,

$ .40

$ .25

$3.50

tB B NORMAL SCHOOL H1 R A L »

n

hence I am not including this $1.50 in
the expense column for your twenty
dollars.
4.

5.

Pictures.
The National Geographic sets which are
checked on the enclosed circular are
considered first choice. 3 sets, No. 1,
2’ 3Set of 12 pictures on Lumbering— Dod­
son Publishing Co., Kankakee, Illinois.
Books— Copies of other textbooks than
those used by your pupils are always
useful references for the pupils. Per set
about
J. Russell Smith— Human Geography,
Book I.
J. Russell Smith— Human Geography,
Book II.
Published by J. C. Winston Co.,
Philadelphia, Penna.
Brigham-McFarlane— Essentials of Ge­
ography, Book I and Book II— Ameri­
can Book Co., New York City.
Frye-Atwood— New Geography, Book I
and Book II— Ginn and Co., New York
City.
McMurry-Parkins— Elementary
Geog­
raphy.
McMurry-Parkins— Advanced
Geog­
raphy.
MacMillan Co., New York City.
Get edition with Thrall’s Supplement on
Pennsylvania.

6. No. 0 School Cabinet— Free on requesting
your local Representative or Senator in
Harrisburg, to secure from the Philadel­
phia Commercial Museum No. 0 School

$4.00
$ .20

$2.50

IS

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

Cabinet. Give the number, name and
address of school; State and County also.
* If you choose to buy a World Physical Map, you
might eliminate the large-sized globe. If you buy a
Physical Map of Europe then get a large-sized globe also.
The American Junior Red Cross, Washington, D. C.,
has organized a system of international school corre­
spondence between classes in United States and in other
lands. This involves the exchange of letters, pictures,
children’s handiwork, articles illustrating industrial pro­
cesses and many other things that tend to give an under­
standing of life and customs. The correspondence is pre­
pared by school groups under the supervision of teachers
and is a valuable part of the work in English, Geography,
History, Art and other subjects. Underlying all this
and vastly more important is the value of this type of
correspondence in creating a friendly attitude of mind
and a sympathetic understanding of children of the
various nations.
Rural teachers who are interested in this exchange
should communicate directly with Arthur W. Dunn,
National Director, American Junior Red Cross, Washing­
ton, D. C.

SOME SOURCES FROM WHICH GEOGRAPHICAL
PICTURES CAN BE SECURED
List No. 127— Submitted by Department of Public
Industry, Harrisburg, Pa.
Audubon Society, New burg Street, Boston, Mass.
Nature Study.
Atkinson, Mentzer & Company, 80 East 11th Street,
New York City. General.
Brown-Robertson Co., Inc., 415 Madison Ave. at 48th
Street, N. Y. Famous Pictures. *

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19

Curtis & Cameron, Inc., Publishers, 12 Harcourt Street,
Boston, Mass.
Denoyer-Geppert Co., 460 E. Ohio Street, Chicago, HI.
Geographical Pictures.
Detroit Publishing Co., Detroit, Michigan, Geograph­
ical Post Cards and Photographs.
Dodson, Joseph, Kankakee, 111. Lumbering and Na­
ture-Study Pictures.
Elson Art Publication Company, Inc., Belmont, Mass.
Famous Pictures. *
Erik J. Mordt and Co., 20 W.Austin Ave., Chicago,
Illinois. Photographs of Norway.
Geography Supply Bur., 115Kelvin Place, Ithaca, N. Y.
Lantern slides, wall pictures of American scenery.
Geo. P. Brown and Co., 38 Lovett St., Beverly, Mass.
Famous Pictures. *
Geo. Philip and Son, Ltd., 32 Fleet St., Lond. E. C. 4
Geographical Pictures.
Gramstorff Bros. Inc., 101-103 Ferry St., Malden, Mass.
Owners of Soule Art Publishing Co., and Horace K .
Turner co. Collections. Famous Pictures.
Haynes Photo Studies, 341 Selby Ave., St. Paul, Minn.
Post Cards, Photographs of Yellowstone National Park
and of Glacier National Park.
Keystone View Co., Inc., Meadville, Pa. Stereographs
and Lantern slides.
The Medical Society of America, 755 Boylston Ave.,
Boston. Famous Pictures. *
National Geographical Society, Washington. Sets of
pictures illustrating Eskimo Life, Sahara Life, land,
water, and air, and United States, other countries, etc.
A. J. Nystrom and Co., 2249-2253 Calumet Ave., Chi­
cago, 111. Geographical Pictures.
Perry Pictures Co., Malden, Mass. Geographical and
Famous Pictures. *
Rau Art Studios Inc., 238 S. Camac St., Philadelphia,
Pa. Photographs for rent or sale.

29

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

Sabold-Herb Co., 725-729 Arch St. (Principal cities
o f Pennsylvania and New Jersey.)
Thompson Publishing Co., Syracuse, N. Y. Geograph­
ical and Industrial Pictures.
Union Souvenir Card Exchange, J. Park Graybell, Mgr.,
P. 0. Box 591, Seattle, Wash.
Orientalia, 22 E. 60 Street, New York City. Asiatic
Pictures.
Oriental Art Studio, 215 Leavenworth, San Francisco,
Cal. Asiatic Pictures.
For additional sources see “ Material on Geography
which may be obtained free or at small cost” by Mary J.
Booth, Eastern Illinois State Normal School, Charleston,
111., available late in 1923.
* Famous pictures refer to reproductions of works of
artists dealing with life in various parts of the world.

PAGEANT SUGGESTIONS
Developed by Summer Session Geography Classes
under Miss Kieffer. Revised and approved by Miss Ema
Grassmuck, State Director of Geography.
Geography lends itself in a very worthwhile way te
pageant form of expression in terms of customs, in­
dustries, history, government, special places of interest
etc., of the people or places of the world.
One teacher schools in a township may co-operate in
work of this type, each group giving an episode of a
pageant. When this work is planned early in the school
year, it becomes a worthy unit for purposeful seatwork
during the year and proves entertaining and educative
to the entire school district at the County Fair, similarly
at a Community Day.
In view of the approaching Sesqui-Centennial (1926)
Pennsylvania or the United States are recommended as
the first to be developed. The following references will

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

21

be helpful in securing source material and in having
questions answered by letter on Pennsylvania:
Departments at Harrisburg.
Board of Game Commissioners (bulletins).
Department of Agriculture (bulletins).
Department of Fisheries (bulletins).
Department of Forestry (bulletins and maps).
Department o f Highways (maps).
Department of Internal Affairs.
Bureau of Topographical and Geological Surveys
(bulletins).
Bureau of Statistics and Information (report on
productive industries).
Department of Labor and Industry (bulletins).
Department of Public Instructions (Director o f
Geography).
Public Service Commission (maps: steam and
electric railroads).
State Library (lend books and pictures).
Pennsylvania State Educational Association, Harris­
burg (articles on Pennsylvania that appeared in
the Advertising material issued free by rail­
roads:)
Pennsylvania Railroad, Broad Street, Philadel­
phia ; Philadelphia and Reading Railroad,
Reading Terminal, Philadelphia, Pa.
The Smithsonian Institution’s Study of Natural Re­
sources applied to Pennsylvania’s Resources (on
file in the County Superintendent’s Office; also,
State Director of Geography Office).
The National Geographic Society, Washington, D. G.
May, 1919, issued “ The Industrial Titan o f Amer­
ica” by J. 0. La Borce. This deals with the in­
dustries of Pennsylvania and is most helpful with
pictures and reading matter. (This magazine
may be borrowed from patrons or the State
Library.)

22

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UNITED STATES
The following references will be helpful in securing
material and having questions answered concerning the
United States. *
Write to Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.
C., for list of publications issued by the Federal Govern­
ment both free and purchasable.
Refer inquiries and requests concerning the agricul­
tural, industrial, commercial, and other activities in our
country to your Senator and Representative in Congress
at Washington. They can be o f great assistance to you.
Several federal departments and bureaus issue valu­
able material, address them at Washington, D. C.
Department of Agriculture: Such as Weather Bu­
reau (map and reports). Bureau of Soils (maps,
bulletins) other bureaus.
Department of Commerce (reports).
Department of Interior: Bureau of Education, Geo­
logical Survey, General Law office, Bureau of
Mines, National Parks, Service Reclamation,
Service, etc. (bulletins, maps books).
Smithsonian Institution:
(bulletins,
especially
Mineral Industries of United States).
* These suggestions are taken up in more detail in the
“ Manual and Syllabus for Elementary Schools” pages
387 to 389 issued by the State Department of Public In­
struction, Harrisburg, in 1922.

STATE CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE
Through the co-operation of the Pennsylvania State
Chamber of Commerce, we are able to offer the following
list of organized and functioning State Chambers of
Commerce.
When writing to any of these agencies, state definitely

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

industries you are studying and what specific informa­
tion you desire.
Indicate also that you will be grateful for any circulars
of general information including pictures.
All the cities and many of the boroughs in the United
States have Boards of Trade or Chambers of Commerce
which you may address directly.
Organized and Functioning
California Development Association. Manager N. H.
Sloane, San Francisco, California.
Connecticut State Chamber o f Commerce. George B.
Chandler, Secretary, Hartford, Connecticut.
Florida Development Board. A. A. Coult, Secretary,
Jacksonville, Florida.
Georgia Manufacturer’s Association. H. F. Abbott,
Secretary, Waycross, Georgia.
Illinois Chamber of Commerce. Harvey T. Hill, Secre­
tary, Chicago, Illinois.
Indiana Chamber of Commerce. George Mosser, In­
dianapolis, Indiana.
Iowa Chamber of Commerce. Joseph Leopold, Des
Moines, Iowa.
Kansas State Chamber of Commerce. Keith Cleven­
ger, Secretary, Salina, Kansas.
Maine Chamber of Commerce and Agricultural League.
Charles H. White, Secretary, Portland, Maine.
Massachusetts State Chamber of Commerce. Edward
G. Stacy, Secretary, Boston, Massachusetts.
Mississippi State Chamber of Commerce. C. W. Hay­
ward, Secretary, Meridian, Mississippi.
Nebraska Chamber of Commerce. H. E. Moss, Secre­
tary, Columbus, Nebraska.
New Hampshire Chamber of Commerce. A. B. Jenks
Secretary, Concord, New Hampshire.
New Jersey State Chamber of Commerce. Wilson J.
Vance, Newark, New Jersey.

24

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

New Mexico Chamber of Commerce. H. B. Watkins,
Secretary, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
New York State Chamber of Commerce. Charles T.
Gwynne, Secretary, New York City.
Ohio Board of Commerce. O. K. Shimansky, Secre­
tary, Columbus, Ohio.
Oregon State Chamber of Commerce. A. S. Dudley,
Secretary, Portland, Oregon.
Pennsylvania State Chamber of Commerce. George R.
Foss, Secretary, Harrisburg, Pa.
South Dakota Development Association. Opie Cham­
bers, Secretary, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
South Carolina Development Board.
Charleston,
South Carolina.
Texas State Chamber of Commerce. Mr. James Z.
George, Manager, Dallas, Texas.
Greater Vermont Association. James P. Taylor, Sec­
retary, Burlington, Vermont.
Washington State Chamber of Commerce. D. O.
Lively, Secretary, Seattle, Washington.
Wyoming State Chamber of Commerce. Frank J.
Wiffler, Secretary, Cheyenne, Wyoming.

TOPICS SUGGESTED FOR DISCUSSION
IN AGRICULTURE
For 7th and 8th year Pupils in Franklin County Rural
Training Centers. Submitted by the Rural Department;
revised and approved by the Franklin County Superin­
tendents and County Farm Agent.
Topics for 1923-1924.

Topics for 1924-1925.

SEPTEMBER
Rotation of Crops
Soil Fertility
(manure, fertilizer,
lime)

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALB

Poultry Culling

25

Selection of Seed Corn.
Feeding Poultry for Winter
Eggs
OCTOBER

Potatoes
Protein
(raising, storing market- Cattle Feeding— Carbon,
ing)
NOVEMBER
Farm Machinery, (care of)

Hog Feeding

DECEMBER
Horses— winter care

Farm Wood Supply
JANUARY

Hog Breeding

Orchard Trimming
FEBRUARY

Poultry Breeding

Testing of Seed Corn
MARCH

Farm Accounts

Vegetables and Flowers
(planning gordens)
APRIL

Good Roads

Beautifying the Farm

Upon request the Director of Rural Education, Depart­
ment of Public Instruction will suggest a bibliography
lor courses in Agriculture.

26

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

ART EDUCATION IN THE RURAL SCHOOL
Submitted by Katharine M. Cox, Normal School In­
structor, Rural Department Art Supervisor.
The Aim
The aim of Art Education in the Rural School is not
to present an art lesson once a week, then let it be
neglected until the next art period.
The lesson aims to give the child the fundamental
principles in drawing, construction, color, lettering, and
design so that he may apply these during his many
vacant periods to his other school subjects. Some of the
problems may be the making of a Geography booklet, the
lettering and designing of the book, for his map drawing
and written work, the working out of a sandtable project
dealing with farm life, or the transportation of today
compared with that of a hundred years ago. These can
be done when the teacher is otherwise occupied.
During the presentation of every problem the discus­
sion of why certain things are good or bad should not be
neglected, for the underlying aim in Art Education is to
develop in the child good taste so that he may have a
standard by which to judge whether a thing is good or
bad and why it is good or bad, whether it be the placing
of the furniture in his home, or the proper color and
clothing that he wears. Every child will be a consumer;
few will be creators or producers.

SOURCE MATERIAL IN ART EDUCATION
How many of you throw away the picture section of
the Sunday paper after looking through it? How many
of you stack the magazines in the dusty attic when they
become old? How many of you moan the fate that your
school equipment is poverty stricken when you have

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

27

thrown away and stacked away so much that would be
a source of enrichment to all of your school subjects!
We are poverty stricken not because we cannot get
things but because we do not know how to look for them.
We moan because we have no money to buy equipment
while every month we are throwing away gold mines
of wealth. We reach for the stars ; we forget the flowers
at our feet.
Simply tearing things from magazines and newspapers
would do no good unless we organized them into some
usable form. For the use o f my classes I have simple
index folders. For example say they are working out
a school beautiful project. They want their schoolroom
and grounds to be as beautiful as possible. In the civic
Attractiveness, and Interior Decoration folders they find
pictures of beautiful rooms and grounds. They study
their own school then see how they can apply some of
the principles used by others in making their places more
beautiful. These folders proved invaluable to my rural
boys and girls in working out a modern home project
and a more beautiful school ground problem.
At Christmas I turn to the Christmas folder for sug­
gestions and help. When children are beginning to fill
out the stick figure symbols I turn to my folder entitled,
Human Figures for Illustrative Work. I know that
here I will find pictures of human figures running,
umping, sitting,— in fact in all positions. This folder
has been indispensable to my pupils in connection with
working out illustrations, and also in making posters.
The following list is offered as a suggestion in helping
you classify your material. I would enlist the interest
of my pupils and gradually build up in my school a wealth
of source material that will enrich all of the school sub­
jects and make school life fuller and more enjoyable.
Transportation
Occupation
Costume (Practical and Holiday Use)

28

THE NORMAL SCHOOL H ERAL»

Costume (Historical)
People of other Lands
Landscape
Trees
Civic Attractiveness
Interior Decoration
Perspective (Objects in Perspective Int. Group)
Drawing in two Dimensions (Primary Group)
Blackboard Drawing Material
Animals (Domestic— Pets)
Animals (Wild— Circus)
Birds
Plants and Development into Design
Posters (Grade Interest)
Construction for Primary Group
Construction for Intermediate Group
Christmas
Thanksgiving
Easter
Hallowe’en
Various Months Interests (as, March Winds, etc.)
Color (To illustrate various color harmonies. Beau­
tiful colored interiors.
Articles on practical use of
color.)
Lettering
Appreciation (Pictures and articles on masterpieces in
Art)
Practical A rt: Aims, Ideals (Articles dealing with art
in relation to the home and school)

I

*

THE NORMAL SCHOOL H ERÀL»

29

ART EDUCATION IN THE RURAL SCHOOL
Primary Department Grades I— IV
One twenty-five minute period once a week for all the
grades at the same time.
September
PICTURE STUDY
THE BUTTERY-DE HOOCH
LESSON I.— Illustration o f some ex­
perience connected with summer
vacation.
LESSON II.— Repeated drawings on
the objects most commonly used in
the illustration.

LESSON III.— Crayon drawings
colored nature specimens.
LESSON IV.—Memory drawings
colored nature specimen.

of
of

October
FEEDING HER
CHILDREN— MILLET
LESSON I.— W orking out o f Hal­
lowe'en border by free-hand paper
cutting o f pumpkins, trees, moon
etc.— Pattern o f witch flying on
broom given class.
LESSON II.— Problem o f choosing the
best by class and arranging and
spacing o f them into a border design.

LESSON III.— Color study—five hues,
red, yellow, blue, green, purple.
Bringing of colored objects to school
— note value difference.
LESSON IV.— Making o f color birds
free hand cutting and coloring with
crayons. Making o f birds in one»
showing three steps in value. Best
chosen by class for bulletin board.

November
THE BLESSING— CHARDIN
LESSON I.— Drawing from memory
vegetables common on the farm.
Child to hunt pictures and notice
vegetables closer.
LESSON II.—Freehand cutting o f veg­
etables to be used in Farm Products
Exhibit.

LESSON III.— Drawing of Thanks­
giving turkey— Presentation of tur­
key symbol.
LESSON IV.— Illustration of Thanks­
giving holiday experiences to be con­
tinued.

December
MADONNA OF THE CHAIR—
RAPHAEL
LESSON I.— Development o f action
figure by drawing o f three chairs—
discussion o f proportion o f human
body.
LESSON II.— Redrawing o f Thanks­
giving illustration in light o f what
has been learned.

LESSON III.— Development o f auto
symbol— development of circle and
straight lines into chairs, pans, pots,
umbrellas, etc.
LESSON IV.— Making o f December
calendar—simple freehand cutting of
house, snow, and trees to be mounted
on grey paper— Each child arranging
his own and not copying from one
worked out by instructor.

January
BOY WITH A TOP— CHARDIN
LESSON I.— Each child to make toy
booklet drawing in it the things he
received Christmas— Discussion and
practice
drawing.
Criticism
by
LESSON II.— Making o f booklet—dis­
cussion and working out o f title
page.

LESSON III.— Final drawing in book­
let.
LESSON IV.— Lettering of title mm
back o f booklet, My Toys, placing «£
decorative spot and completion mi
problem.

s«

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

February
WASHINGTON—STUART
LESSON I.— Making o f envelope to be
used in sending off a valentine.
LESSON II.— Making o f valentines—
freehand cutting o f heart shapes,
decorations gotten from old wall
paper sample books. Child free to
work out own ideas.

LESSON III. and IV.—Freehand cut­
ting of letters o f the word valentine.
The child making the best V to
paste it on the first o f a border of
nine big red hearts, to be used as
bulletin board decoration fo r Feb­
ruary. Each child competing fo r the
honor to have one o f his letters used.
No child allowed to place more than
two lettters on hearts.

March
, „ „ „ T H E MILL— RUISDAEL
LESSON I.— Discussion o f things wind
affect—collect pictures o f sailboats,
windmills, clothes on line, kites, etc.,
fo r next time.
LESSON II.— Scene using boat (cut
sail boa t).

LESSON III.— Scene of Life in Hoiland,
LESSON IV.— Rhythmic borders,

April
FARM YARD SCENE— POTTER
LESSON I.— Little chickens. Practice
drawing use o f symbol.
LESSON II.— Drawing o f Easter rab­
bit—rabbit symbol used— (no pattern
work used).

LESSON III.— Cutting of rabbit and
chickens in colored and black con­
struction paper, to be used as border
for blackboard fo r month.
LESSON IV.— Construction o f box, top
and bottom— application o f rhythmic
border— could be used for Easter
eggs.

ART EDUCATION IN THE RURAL SCHOOL
Intermediate Department Grades V— VIII
One twenty-five minute period once a week for these
grades at the same time.
September
PICTURE STUDY— AVENUE OF
TREES— HOBBEMA
LESSON I.—Drawing and studying o f
various leaf shapes by use o f pencil
and silhouette treatment in black and
white with brush.
LESSON II.— Painting in water colors
colored leaves collected by child.

LESSON III.— Developing designs, dec­
orative spots and borders from leaves
to be used later as reference mate­
rial.
LESSON
IV.— Lettering—The
three
families straight lined, the circular,
and the oblique—Making o f letter
charts to be used as reference
material. To be completed outside
of art period.

October
THE HAY W AIN— INNESS
LESSON I.— Lettered charts criticised
by class and teacher. Each child
lettering at blackboard his own name
and grade.
LESSON II.— Practice in freehand cut­
ting o f letters from manila paper
folded and cut into sixteen equal
parts.

LESSON III.— Working drawing of
portfolio by each child to hold his
art work—scale ^4"-l". Discuss use
o f working drawing in all fields of
construction.
LESSON IV.—Making of p o r t fo lio 14'" x 10"—
Use 20 x 26 —Interwoven Quaker
Gray paper.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

31

November
PENN’S TREATY WITH THE
INDIANS— TRUMBULL
LESSON I.— Planning lettering and
design for back o f portfolio.
LESSON II.— Development o f a border
taken from nature design units, for
portfolio. Completion o f problem.

LESSON III.— Perspective drawing—
Curvilineal
perspective—study
of
ellipses. The collection o f objects at,
above and below eye level, taken
from magazines and newspapers.
LESSON IV.— Drawing of bowls, cups,
etc., by class.

December
SISTINE MADONNA— RAPHAEL
LESSON I.— Angular
perspective—
Collection o f
reference material.
The three key lines given by teacher.
Drawing o f objects from key lines
at board by pupils.
LESSON II.— Drawing o f book or box
in angular perspective.

LESSON III.— Drawing of Christmas
scene in crayons or water colors.
LESSON IV.— Making o f Christmas
card by cutting colored construction
paper, or making of Christmas gift
box.

January
EVOLUTION OF THE— BOOK
(M U RAL)— ALEXANDER
LESSON
I.— Cut paper problem—
Making o f a health, or a Be kind to
animal poster.
LESSON II.— Completing o f poster—
The best chosen by class and placed
on wall for rest o f the month.

LESSON III.— Color study—hue, value,
chroma— Practical use o f color dis­
cussed. Color applied to home and
clothing.
LESSON IV.—W orking out o f color
diagram suitable for wall of school
room. Function o f wall dissussed.

February
MT. VERNON
LESSON I.— Making o f valentines—
lettering on them messages and
greetings.
LESSON II.— Action figure reviewed—
the filling out o f the figure.

LESSON III.— Sketching each other in
short poses.
LESSON IV.—Illustration calling for
knowledge of perspective, color, com­
position, and human figure and cor­
related with a history or geography
lesson.

March
CAPITOL A T WASHINGTON
LESSON I.— Exhibit o f illustrations.
Criticisms by class o f drawings and
compositions. Redrawing o f illus­
trations by class.
LESSON II.— Making of nature draw­
ing booklet—Japanese binding.

LESSON III.— Decorative
silhouette
treatment of nature specimen for
back, also lettering of, My Nature
Book, and name of pupil.
LESSON IV.—W orking out o f all over
design fo r inside lining of front and
back o f booklet.

April
HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT
LESSON I.— Completion o f booklet.
LESSON II.— April border decoration.
(Easter suggestions).

LESSON III.— Drawing in booklet of
nature specimens found by pupil—
Pencil, crayon, water-colors.
LESSON IV.—Memory drawings of
nature specimens in booklet. Sug­
gestion.— Have pupils draw inter­
esting specimens they find during
vacation in booklet and bring them
to school in September.

NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

84

RURAL SCHOOL EQUIPMENT LIST
Suggested for Educative Class Activities.
Submitted by Hannah A. Kieffer.
Reading:
One modem basal text for each pupil charts, cards,
seatwork devices.
Six supplementary texts for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd years
inclusive.
Silent readers for each pupil third year to eighth in­
clusive.
One box of colored chalk.
School dictionary (larger than desk size, abridged
edition).
Desk dictionaries 4th year to 8th inclusive.
Library books as suggested by Directors of Libra­
ries, State Department of Public Instruction.
Standard Test for oral and silent reading.
Writing:
One manual of a modern arm movement system per
pupil.
Letter cards for the wall.
Pencils ; a high grade, black pencil is economical.
Pencil sharpner economical if kept in good condition.
Pens, paper as recommended by the system used.
Writing Scale— Ayres Gbg. Edition— Russel Sage
Foundation.
Arithmetic:
One modem basal text for pupils 3rd to 8th year in­
clusive.
One to three supplementary sets of texts on the
teacher’s desk; a farm business arithmetic should
be among the number.
Practice exercises of the type of Courtis or Studebaker.
Paper, unruled canary shade about 20 to 25 cents per
ream.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

33

One rubber stamping outfit.
500 cards for Arithmetic file, size 4" x 6*.
Number cards and seatwork drill sheets (may be
made by pupils).
Measures: dry, liquid, linear; toy money.
One Standard Test in Arithmetic.
Music:
One book per desk of “ Twice 55 Community Songs” ,
C. C. Birchard, Boston.
One book per desk of “ The Song Hour” , Theo. Presser
Co., Philadelphia, Pa.
Blackboard liner.
Good phonograph, ten standard records.
English:
One modern text for each pupil 3rd to 8th year in­
clusive.
Supplementary books as recommended by the State
Director of English.
File of seatwork exercises for all grades.
Fifty copies of masterpieces in Art about five cents
each.
Envelopes for pupils to file all written work.
Standard English tests and scales.
Spelling:
A modern text for 3rd to 8th year pupils.
File of class and individual words.
One copy of the Buckingham Extension of the Ayres
Spelling Scale.
Public School Publishing Co.
Bloomington, 111.
Geography:
One modern text book for 4th to 8th year pupils in­
clusive.
Supplementary list of geography books for rural
schools may be secured from State Director of
geography.
Post card— pictures (kodak, newspaper etc.).
For further equipment see recommended list for

84

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

rural schools.
Standard Test for Place Geography and Thought
Geography.
Nature Study:
Thirty Audubon leaflets.
Museum collection of local specimens.
Burgess Nature Study Series.
Knowing Insects through Stories, Myths and
Legends of Flowers.
Federal pamphlets. See list suggested by State
Director of Science.
Agriculture:
File of State College and Federal pamphlets.
Work bench and $5.00 tool set.
File of clippings etc.
Write Rural Director, State Department of Instruc­
tion.
History:
One modern basal text book.
List of supplementary books recommended by the
State Director of History.
Outline maps for desk use 100 @ 2 cents each
Outline maps for wall, five per year @ 25 cents each.
Cross section paper 100 sheets @ 1 cent each.
Sand table.
Standard tests and scales.
Drawing:
One box crayons per desk.
One pair of scissors per desk.
One box water color, two No. 7 brushes per desk for
groups B and A.
One ream cream Manilla paper.
One ream mixed colored construction paper about
$3.00 per ream.
One ream white paper @ $1.50.
One pound plasticene @ 45 cents.
One set stick prints @ 15 cents.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

35

Ten yards of brown burlap for exhibits.
Write State Director of Art.
Extra Supplies:
One hundred sheets 24 x 24 light brown craft paper.
(Get prices from local printer.)
Two reams of unruled medium quality typewriter
paper for booklets.
Fifty sheets of oak tag for drill cards.
One roll mending tape.
Two spools mending tissue.
Two boxes clips.
Table and chairs for class discussion and group work.
A modem text is one published or revised within the
last five years, that is, the copyright date is 1918, or later.
Teachers are urged to add to this list. Communications
may be sent to the Director of Rural Education, Shippensburg Normal School.
Write to the Department of Public Instruction for an
approved list of Standard Measurements and Scales.

LIST OF BOOKS NOW IN CIRCULATION IN THE
RURAL TRAINING CENTRES
The following library books were purchased and ar­
ranged into sets upon the recommendation o f Miss
Adeline E. Zachert, Director of School Libraries, Depart­
ment of Public Instruction. Through the co-operation of
the Normal School librarians, Miss Ida B. Quigley and
Miss Estella Slaven, the books were properly catalogued
and will be circulated in the Rural Training Centers and
Cleversburg Sunday School.
Townships might follow this plan of circulating library
sets, exchanging the sets at the regular monthly teachers’
meetings. When the one-teacher schools are consoli­
dated, these sets can be assembled into a very useful
library.

36

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

LIST I.
GRADE 2
Blaisdell. Polly and Dolly. Little
Blake & Alexander. Poetry reader for
first and second years. Merrill
Hall. Jan and Betje. Merrill
Heller & Bates. Little Golden Hood.
Longmans
Lncia. Polly and Peter in summer.
Amer. Bk.
Potter. Tale o f Peter Rabbit. Warne
Smith. Farm book. Houghton
GRADE 3
Andrews. Seven little sisters. Ginn
Brooks. Stories o f the red children.
Educ. Pub.
Deming & Deming. Little brothers o f
the west. Stokes
Howard.
Banbury
Cross
stories.
Merrill
McIntyre. Cave boy o f the age of
Stone. Appleton
Richards. Pig brother. Little
Trimmer.
History o f the robins.
Heath
GRADE 4
Carry!. Davy and the goblin. Hough­
ton
Deming & Deming. Little Indian folk.
Stokes
Holbrook. Northland heroes. Hough­
ton
Leamy. Golden spears. Haine
Thorne-Thompson.
Birch
and
the
star. Row
Wiggins. Story Hour. Houghton.
GRADE 5
Beard & Beard. Little Folks’ handy
book. Scribner
Brown.
In
the days
of
giants.
Houghton
Haaren & Poland. Famous men of
Greece. Amer. Bk.
Lansing.
L ife in the greenwood.
Ginn

Paine. Hollow tree. Harper
Spyri. Moni, the goat boy. Gina
Wilkins. Weaver's children. Am. Bk.
GRADE 6
Canfield. Understood Betsy. Boston
Book Shop
Bk. Shop
Andersen. Tales from Hans Christian.
Lond. Dent.
Brooks. Wonder
stories from
the
Mabinogion. Penn
Dodge. Hans Brinker. Ginn
Grinnell. Jack, the young ranchman.
Stokes
Lagerlof. Wonderful adventures of
Nils. Doubleday
Perkins. Belgian twins, School edi­
tion. Houghton
Sidney. Five little Peppers. Lothrop
GRADE 7
Alcott. Eight cousins. Little
Beard. Boy pioneers, sons of Daniel
Boone. Scribner
Cather. Boyhood stories of famous
men. Century
Eastman & Eastman. Wigwam even­
ings ; Sioux folk tales. Little
Greene. Coal and the coal mines.
Houghton
Major. Bears of Blue River. Macmil­
lan
Piercy. Great Inventions and Discov­
eries. Merrill
Shaw. Castle Blair. Little
GRADE 8
Basset. Paul and the printing press.
Cotes. The story of Sonny Sahib.
Appleton
French. Heroes of Iceland. Little
Howard.
Famous
Indian
Chiefs.
Century
Marryat. Midshipman easy. Dutton
Pier.
Harding
of
St.
Timothys.
Houghton
Richards. Two noble lives.

LIST II.
GRADE 2

GRADE 3

Baldwin. Fairy stories and fables.
Amer. Bk.
Burgess. Goops and how to be them.
Stokes
Grover. Folk lore readers; a primer.
Atkinson
Judd & Moses. Palmer Cox primer.
Century
Moore. Pennies and plans. Macmil­
lan
Welsh. A book o f nursery rhymes.
Heath

Baldwin. Fifty famous people. Am.
Bk.
Chance. Little folks of many lands.
Ginn
Firth. Stories of old Greece. Heath
Lang. Cinderella. Longmans
O’ Shea. Old world wonder stories.
Heath
Shaw. Big people and little of other
lands. Amer. Bk.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD
GRADE 4
Garuenter. Around the world with the
children. Amer. Bk.
Bass. Stories o f pioneer life. Heath
Craik. Little lame prince. Harper
Grimm Brothers. Household stories.
Burt
Johnson. The oak tree fairy book.
Little
Perkins. Irish twins. Houghton
Stockton. Ting-aling tales. Scribner
Zitkala-Sa. Old Indian legends retold.
Ginn
GRADE 5
Aleott. Jack and Jill. Little
Blaisdell & Ball. English history story
book. Little
Brown. John o f the woods Hough­
ton
Drummond. Monkey that would not
kill. Dodd
Price. Lads and lasses o f other days.
Silver
Stein. Troubadour tales. Bobbs
Wiggins. Tales o f wonder. Double­
day
GRADE 6
Andersen. Hans
Andersen’s
stories
Riv. series. Houghton
Bowsfield. How boys and girls can
money. Forbes
Burt & Ragozin. Herakles, the hero
o f Thebes. Scribner
Eastman. Wigwam
evenings. Little

37

Hill. Fighting fire. Century
Maeterlinck.
Children’s
Blue-bird.
Silver
Ramee. Moufflou, and other stories.
Lippincott
Skinner. Tales and plays o f Robin
Hood. Amer. Bk.
Stoddard.
Talking
leaves;
Indian
story. Harper
GRADE 7
Altsheler. A soldier o f Manhattan.
Bostock. Training o f wild animals.
Century
Defoe. Robinson Crusoe School Edi­
tion. Houghton
Elliott. A Texas blue bonnet. Page
Hawthorne.
Grandfather’s
chair.
Houghton
Meigs. Master Simon’s gardens. Mac­
millan
Rankin.
Adopting o f Rosa Marie.
Holt
Thompson. American
Beauty. Lothrop
GRADE 8
Dix. Blithe McBride. Macmillan
Grenfell.
Adrift
on
an
ice-pan.
Hougton
Jewett. Betty Leicester. Houghton
Mitchell. Hugh Wynne. Century
Phila. S. H. S. for Girls. Everyday
manners for Amer. boys and girls.
Macmillan
Singmaster. When Sarah saved the
day. Houghton

LIST III.
GRADE 2
Baldwin. Fairy Reader.
Blaisdell & Blaisdell. Blue and his
friends. Little
Fox. Indian primer. Amer. Bk.
Meyer. Under the blue sky. Little
Richards. Five minute stories. Estes
Turpin. Fairy Tales VI. Merrill
GRADE S
Babbitt. Jataka tales. Century
Browne.
Granny’s wonderful chair.
Heath
Dutton.
Tortoise and
the
Geese.
Houghton
Johnston & Barnum. A book o f plays
for little actors. Amer. Bk.
Norton. Heart o f oak books. No. I.
Heath
Segur. Story o f a donkey. Heath
White. When Molly was six. Hough­
ton

GRADE 4
Baldwin. Thirty more famous stories
retold. Amer. Bk.
Coolidge. New-year’s bargain. Little
Eggleston. Stories o f great Americans
for lit. Am. Amer. Bk.
Jacobs. English fairy tales. Putnam
Perdue. Child life in other lands, Seh.
ed. Rand
Stevenson. Children’s classics in dra­
matic form. Houghton
Williston. Japanese fairy tales retold.
Rand Series
GRADE 5
Abbot. Frigate’s namesake. Century
Blaisdell & Ball.
American history
story book.
Brown.
Little Miss
Phoebe Gay.
Houghton
Douglas. Little girl in eld Boston.
Haskell.
Katrinka.
(Little school­
mate ser.) Dutton
Jamison. Toinette’ s Philip. Century

38

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

Lansing. Page, esquire and knight.
Ginn
McDonald. Martha in Holland. Sch.
edition. Little
Perry.
When mother let us act.
Moffat
Stockton. Fanciful tales. Scribner
GRADE 6
Baldwin. American book o f golden
deeds. Amer. Bk.
Burnett. Secret garden. Stokes
DuChaillu. Wild life under thé equa­
tor. Harper
Hall. Men o f old Greece.
McDonald. Kathleen in Ireland. Sch.
edition. Little
Pyle. Pepper and salt ; or seasoning
for young folks. Harper
Spyri. Heidi. Crowell
GRADE 7
Alcott.

Little women.

Bolton. Lives o f girls who become
famous.. Crowell
Daulton.
From
Sioux
to
Susan.
Century
Eggleston. Long knives. Lothrop
Harris. Joe, the book farmer. Har­
per
Mason.
Tom Strong, Washington’s
scout. Grosset
Radford.
King
Arthur
and
bis
knights. Rand
Stevenson. Treasure Island. Scribner
GRADE 8
Bennett. Master Skylark. Century
Godfrey. For the Norton name.
Hughes.
Lakerim
Athletic
club.
Century
Mighela. Sunnyside Tad. Harper
Pyle. Otto of the silver hand. Scrib­
ner
Seaman.
Jacqueline of the carrier
pigeons. Sturgis
Wade. Real Americans. Little

Little

LIST IV.
GRADE 2
Blaisdell.
Mother
Goose
children.
Little.
Elson & Runkle. Elson readers; book
one. Scott
Grover. Sunbonnet babies. Sch. Ed.
Rand
Lucia. Peter and Polly in autumn.
Amer. bk.
Perrault.
Tales o f Mother Goose
Heath
Skinner. Nursery tales from many
lands. Scribner
Turpin. Fairy tales. V 2. Merrill
Welsh.
Book and nursery rhymes.
Heath
GRADE 3
Blaisdell & Blaisdell. Child life in
maiiy lands. Macmillan
Craik.
Adventures o f a brownie.
Harper
Hopkins. - The sandman ; his farm
stories. Page
Lang. Prince Darling. Sch. edition.
Longmans
Richards. Golden windows. Little
Thorne-Thomsen. East o* the sun and
west o’ the moon. Row

pincott
Scudder. Book o f legends. Houghton
Williston; Japanese fairy tales retold.
Series 2. Rand
White.
Little girl of long ago.
Houghton
GRADE 5
Baylor. Juan and Juanita. Houghton
Brooks. True story of George Wash­
ington. Lothrop & Lee
Coolidge. What Katy did. Little
Fairstar. Memoirs o f a London doU.
Macmillan
Lang. Blue fairy book. Longmans
Morley. Donkey John of the Toy val­
ley. McClurg
Skinner. Dramatic stories for reading
and acting. Amer. Bk.
Terry. Tales of long ago. Row
GRADE 6

GRADE 4

Aldrich. Story o f a bad boy. Riv.
Lit. ser. Houghton
Blaisdell. Log cabin days. Little
Greene. Lincoln conscript.
Lang. Yellow fairy book. Longmans
Page. Two little Confederates. Scrib­
ner
Seton. Lobo, Rag and Vixen. Scrib­
ner

Brown. Lonesomest doll. Houghton
Hawthorne. Wonder book everyman.
Dutton
Lansing. Quaint old stores Ginn
Lucia. Stories o f American discov­
eries. Amer. Bk.
Ramee, de la. Nürnberg stove. Lip-

Abbott.
Life of John Paul Jones.
Dodd
, ,
, .
Baker. Boys’ second book of inven­
tions. Doubleday

GRADE 7

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD
Canfield. Kidnapped
campers. Har­
per
Dyer. Five Babbits o f Bonnyacres.
Holt
Gibson. In eastern wonderlands. Lit­
tle
Lang. Red true story book. Long­
mans
Pier. Crashaw brothers. Houghton
Seawell. Virginia cavalier. Harper
Richards. Captain January. Page

39

GRADE 8
Barbour. Crimson sweater. Century
DuChaillu. In African forest and
jungle. Scribner
Hill. On the trail o f Washington.
Appleton
Hodgdon. Enchanted past. Ginn
Kipling. Captains
courageous. Cen­
tury
Nicholay. Boy’s life o f Lincoln. Cen­
tury
Richards. Florence Nightingale. A p­
pleton
Wade. Wonder workers. Little.

LIST V.
GRADE 2
Bigham. Stories o f Mother Goose vil­
lage. Rand
Chutter. Art-literature readers. Bk.
2. Atkinson
Grover.
Overall boys. School ed.
Rand.
Lucia. Peter and Polly in winter.
Amer. Bk.
O’ Shea. Six nursery classics. Heath
Smith. Eskimo
stories. School
ed.
Rand
GRADE 3
Bigham. Merry animal tales. Sch.
ed. Little
Cox. The Brownies,their book. Cen­
tury
Holbrook.
Book o f nature myths.
Sch. ed. Houghton
Lansing. Fairy Tales. V. I. Ginn
Perkins. Dutch twins. School edition.
Houghton
Tappan. Golden goose. Houghton
GRADE 5
Strong. A ll the year round, Spring.
Ginn
Carroll. Alice's adventures in Won­
derland. Macmillan
Davis. Stories o f the U. S. for young
readers. Educ. Pub. Co.
Hancock. Children o f history. School
ed. Little
Kirby & Kirby. Aunt Martha’s corner
cupboard. Educ. Pub. Co.
Ruskin. King o f the Golden river.
Page
White.
Ednah and her brothers.
Houghton
GRADE 5
Blais dell. Short stories from Ameri­
can History. Ginn
Baldwin. Hero tales told in school.
Scribner
Brooks.
True story o f Benjamin
Franklin. Lothrop

Coolidge.
Mischief’s
Thanksgiving.
Little
Perkins. Puritan twins. School ed.
Houghton
McMurry. Pioneers on land and sea.
Macmillan
Parsons. Red letter day plays. W o­
men's press
GRADE 6
Alcott. Under the lilacs. Little
Brown. Lucky Stone. Century
Darton. Tales o f the Canterbury pil­
grims. Stokes
Meadowcroft. A B C o f electricity.
Harper
Sewell.
Black Beauty.
Everyman.
Dutton
Zwilgmayer. What happened to Inger
Johanne. Lothrop
GRADE 7
Baldwin. Abraham Lincoln. Amer.
Bk.
Bullen. Cruise of the Cachlot. A p­
pleton
DuCaillu. Land o f the long night.
Scribner
Forbes-Lindsay. Daniel
Boone. Lip­
pincott
Pier. Boys of St. Timothy’s.
Remick. Glenloch girls abroad. Penn
GRADE 8
Andrews. Perfect tribute. School ed.
Scribner
Cooper. Pathfinder. Putnam
Doubleday.
Stories
of
Invention.
Doubleday
Holland. Historic boyhoods. Jacobs
Lamb & Lamb. Tales from Shakes­
peare. Dutton
Parkman. Heroines o f Service. Cen­
tury
Ragozin.
Siegfried
and
Beowulf.
Putnam
Zollinger. Widow O’ Callahan’s boys.
McClurg

40

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

LIST VL
GRADE 2
Bass. Lessons for beginners in read­
ing. Heath
Burgerr. Old mother west wind. Sch.
ed. Little
Grover. Outdoor primer. Rand
Lansing. Rhymes and stories. Ginn
Norton. Rhymes, Jingles and fables.
Heath
Seri. In fable land. Silver
Wiltse. Folklore stories and proverbs.
Ginn
Lucia. Peter and Polly in spring.
Amer. Bk.
GRADE 3
Beckwith. In mythland. Ed Pub. Co.
Cooke. Nature myths and stories for
children. Flanagan
Henderson.
Anderson’s best fairy
tales. School edition. Rand
Lang. History o f Jack the Giant
Killer. Longmans
Perkins. Japanese twins. School ed.
Houghton
Smith. Railroad book. Houghton
GRADE 4
Crothers. Little Miss Muffet’s Christ­
mas party. Houghton
Blumenthal. Folk tales from the Rus­
sian. Rand
Haaren. Ballads
and
tales. Univ.
Pub. Co.
Judd. Wigwam stories told by North
American Indians. Ginn
Perkins. Eskimo twins. Houghton
Wette. Hansel and Gretel. Stokes
GRADE 5
Burrell. Little Housekeeping book for
little girl. Page
Eliot. Selected stories from Arabian
nights. Houghton
Badt. Everyday good manners for
boys and girls. Laird
Bradish. Old Norse stories. A.B.C.

Canfield. The big tent. Harcourt
Greene.
Legends of King Arthur.
Ginn
Richards. Quicksilver Sue. Century
Zwilgmeyer. John
Blossom. Pilgrim
Press
GRADE 6
Brooks. Master of the Strong Hearts.
Dutton
Collins. Book of Magic. Appleton
French. Lance of Kanana. Lothrop
Kipling. Jungle book. Century _
McMurray. Pioneers o f the Missis»'
ippi Valley.
Wiggin. The Bird’ s Christmas Carol.
Houghton
GRADE 7
Austin. Uncle Sam’s Soldiers. Appleton
Barnum. School plays for all occa­
sions. Barse
Brown. Four Gordons. Lothrop
Dodge. Donald and Dorothy. Cen­
tury
Farmer. Girl’ s book of famous queens.
Crowell
Jamison. Lady Jane. Century
Payne. Plays and pageants of democ­
racy. Harper
Remick. Glenloch Girls. Penn
Wiggin.
Rebecca
of
Sunnybrook
Farm. Grosset
GRADE 8
Dodge. Land o f pluck. Century
Keller. Story of my life. Grosset
Montgomery. Anne of Green Gables.
Page
Sewell. Little Jarvis. Appleton
Tappan. Heroes of Progress. Hough­
ton
Twain. Tom Sawyer. School edition.
Harper
Pompelly. Travels and Adventures.
Holt

LIST VII.
Bannerman.
Little
Black
Sambo.
Stokes
Burgess. Happy Jack. Little
Grover. Folk lore reader. V. I. At­
kinson
Lang. Little Red Riding-hood. Long­
mans
Murray. Child at play. Little
Scudder. Book o f fables and folk
stories. Sch. ed. Houghton
Wiley. Mother Goose primer. Merrill.

GRADE 3
Baldwin. Old Greek stories. Amer.
Bk.
Chutter. Art-Literature
reader. At­
kinson
Haaren. Fairy life. Nemson
Lansing. Fairy tales v3. Ginn
Page. Tommy Trot’s visit to Santa
Claus. Scribner
Skinner. Merry tales. Amer. Bk.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

41

GRADE 4

GRADE 6

Biaisdell. Stories from English his­
tory. Ginn
Crommelin.
Famous legends.
Cen­
tury
Grimm
& Grimm.
Stories from
Grimm, told by Amy Steedman.
Dutton
Hancock. Children o f history v2.
Sch. ed. Little
Johnson. When mother lets us help.
Moffat
Peary. Snowland folk. Stokes
Strong. All the year round. Summer.
Ginn
Tappan. Old ballads in prose. Sch.
ed. Houghton
Terry. Tales from far and near.
Row-Peterson

Beard. American boys’ handy book.
Scribner
Burt & Ragozin. Odysseus, the hero
o f Ithaca. Scribner
Eggleston.^ Hoosier school boy. Sch,
ed. Scribner
Miller.
Kristy’s
queer
Christmas.
Houghton
Tappan. Robin Hood. Little
Johnson. When mother lets us cook.
Moffat

GRADE 5
Blaisdell. Pioneers o f America. Lit­
tle
Ball & Alden. Why the chimes ring.
Bobbs
Bouvet. Sweet William. McClurg
Burnett. Land o f the blue flower.
Moffat
Duncan. Mary’s garden and how it
grew. Century
Houghton.
Russian
grandmother’s
wonder tales. Ccribner
Pylew
Some merry adventures of
Robin Hood. Sch. ed. Scribner
Wyss. Swiss family Robinson. Jacobs

GRADE 7
Deland. Kathrina. Wilde
Dix. Merrylip8. Macmillan
Finnemore. France. Sch.
ed. Black
Hughes. Dozen from Lakerim. Centur y
Porkman. Heroes of today. Century
McMurray. Pioneers of the Rocky
Mountains. Macmillan
Adopting of Rosa Marie
Rankin.
Holt
Throwbridge. Cudjo’ s cave. Pop. ed.
Lothrop
GRADE 8
Brown. Surprise house. Houghton
Dix. Soldier Rigdale. Macmillan
Kelley. Three hundred things a bright
girl can do. Lippincott
Montgomery. Anne of Avonlea. Page
Pyle. Story of Sir Launcelot and com­
panions. Scribner
Trowbridge. Tinkham brothers' tidemill. Lothrop

LIST VIII.
GRADE 2
Adams. Folk story and verse. Amer.
Bk.
Bison & Runkel. Elson readers; book
two. Scott
Holbrook. Hiawatha primer. Hough­
ton
Johnston. Book o f plays for little
actors. Amer. Bk.
Barnum & Mott. Fishing and Hunt­
ing. Amer. Bk.
Poulson. Through the farmyard gate.
Lothrop
Stevenson. Child’s garden o f verses.
Rand
GRADE 3
Aulnoy.
Brown.
ton
Dutton.
Bk.
Howard.
Morley.
Scudder.

Children’ s fairy land. Holt
Brothers and sisters. Hough­
In field and pasture.

ton
Schwartz.
Five
little
strangers.
Amer. Bk
Turpin. Classic fables. Merrill
GRADE 4
Andrews. Ten boys who lived on the
road. Gnin
Collodi. Pinocchio. Ginn
Dole. White duckling and other tales.
Crowell
Holbrook. Round the year in myth
and song. Amer. Bk.
O’Kane. Jim and Peggy at Meadowbrookfarm. Macmillan
Stein. Gabriel and the hour book.
Page
Wiggin. Tales of laughter. Doubler
day
GRADE 5

Amer.

Dick
Whittington Merrill
Seed-babies. Ginn
Book of folk stories. Hough-

Aenrud.
Benton.
Page

Lisbeth Longfrock. Ginn
Little
housekeeping book.

42

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

Browning. Pied Piper o f Hamlin.
Rand
de la Ramee. Dog o f Flanders. Lippincott
Harper. Story-hour favorites. Cen­
tury
Lucas. Slowcoach. Macmillan
Otis.^ Toby Tyler. Harper
Perkins. Cave twins. School edition.
Houghton
Stein. Christmas porringer. Page

GRADE 7

GRADE 6

Alcott. Little men. Little
Barbour. For the honor o f the schoai.
Grosset
Cooper. Deerslayer. Putnam
Drysdale. The fast mail. Wilde
Greenwood. Merrie England. Ginn
Martin. Story o f a piece o f eoal. A p­
pleton
Plummer. Roy and Ray in Mexico,
Holt
I
Stevenson.
A soldier of Virginia.
Houghton

Baker.
Boy’s book o f inventions.
Doubleday
Krout. Alice’s visit to the Hawaiian
Islands.
Drysdale. Beach patrol. Wilde
Haaren |& Poland. Famous men o f
the middle ages. Amer. Bk.
MacDonald. A t the back o f the north
wind. Burt
Phelps. Gypsy Breynton. Dodd
Slocum. Around the world in the
sloop spray. Scribner

Bennett. Barnaby Lee. Century
Dana. Two years before the mast.
Riv. Lit. Ser. Houghton
Hubert. Inventors. Scribner
Masefield. Jim Davis. Grosset
Pyle. Jack Ballister’s fortunes. Cen­
tury
Roosevelt. Stories of the great West.
Century.

GRADE 8

INDEX TO PUBLISHERS AND SUPPLY HOUSES
A full set of catalogues should be on file in every town­
ship.
American Library Association, 78 E. Washington St,,
Chicago.Ill.
American Book Co., 100 Washington Square, New York
City.
American Geographical Society, Broadway and 156 st.,
N, Y.
American Travel and Hotel Publications, 1932 Harford
Ave., Baltimore, Md.
Appleton and Company, 29-35 W. 32d St., New York City.
Allyn and Bacon, Chicago, 111.
American Child Health Association, 370 7th Ave., N. Y.
Audubon Society, New York City.
*Baker and Taylor Co., New York City.
Barnes;—A. S. Barnes and Co., N. Y.
Birchard, C. C., Boston, Mass.
Bloomfield Publishing Co., Bloomfield, 111.
Bobbs-Merrill Company, New York City.
Boy Scouts of America, N. Y.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

’'Bradley Reese Co., Baltimore, Md.
Burt— A. L. Burt and Company, N. Y.
Carnegie Foundation, N. Y.
Comstock Publishing Company, Ithaca, N. Y.
Century Company, New York City.
Bobson-Evans, Columbus, Ohio.
Dodd, Mead and Company, New York.
Doran— Geo. H. Doran Company, N. Y.
Dutton— E. P. Dutton and Company, N. Y.
Educational Publishing Company, Chicago, 111.
Engle— J. L. Engle, Beaver, Pa.
Faxon— F. W. Faxon Company, Boston, Mass.
Federal Trade Information Service, New York City.
Funk and Wagnalls Company, New York City.
*Flanagan— A. Flanagan, Chicago, 111.
George, Howard, Frankford, Pa., Playground Outfitter.
Ginn and Company, New York.
Girl Scouts of America, 527 Fifth Ave., N. Y.
Grosset and Dunlap, New York.
Hammond— C. S. Hammond and Company, New York.
Harcourt, Brace and Howe, New York.
Harper and Bros., New York.
Harvard Union Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Heath— D. C. Heath and Company, Chicago, 111.
Hinds, Noble and Eldridge, New York.
Holt— Henry Holt and Company, New York.
Houghton Mifflin Company, New York.
International Harvester Company, Chicago, 111.
Iroquois Publishing Company, Syracuse, N. Y.
Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Md.
Laurel Book Company, Boston, Mass.
Longmans, Green and Companq, New York.
Lothrop, Lee and Shepard Company, Boston, Mass.
McMillan Company, 66-5th Ave., N. Y.
McKinley Publishing Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
Manual Arts Press, Peoria, 111.
Merrill— Chas. E. Merrill Company, New York.
Milton Bradley Company, Philadelphia, Pa.

43

44

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

Moffat Yard and Company, New York.
Newson and Company, New York.
Orange Judd Company, New York.
Owen— F. A. Owen Publishing Company, Danville, N. Y.
Oxford University Press, 35 W. 32nd St., New York.
Page Company, Boston, Mass.
*Peckham and Little, New York.
Penn Publishing Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
Public School Publishing Company, Bloomington, 111.
Princeton University Press, Princeton, N. J.
Presser— Theo. Presser Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
Radio Directing and Publishing Company, N. Y. City.
Rand McNally and Company, New York.
Revell— Fleming H. Revell and Company, Chicago, 111.
*Roberts and Meek, Harrisburg, Pa.
Rockefeller Foundation, New York.
Row Peterson Company, New York.
Russell Sage Foundation, New York.
Sanborn— B. H. Sanborn and Company, New York.
Schirmer— G. Schirmer, New York City.
Scott Foresman Company, New York.
Scribner— Chas. Scribner’s Sons, New York.
*SeiIer— A. G. Seiler Company, New York.
Silver Burdett and Company, Ney York.
Small, Maynard and Company, Boston, Mass.
Teachers College Publishing Co., 525 W. 120th Stv N. Y.
University of Chicago Press, 58th St. and Ellis Ave.,
Chicago, 111.
Warwick and York, Baltimore, Md.
Winston— J. C. Winston Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
Wilson— H. W. Wilson Company, New York.
World Book Company, Yonkers-on-Hudson, New York.
Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn.
Submitted by Rural Department.

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

46

A MUSEUM AS A SCHOOL PROJECT
By 1922-23 Rural Seniors.
Illustrative materials are necessary for educative class­
room activities and teachers are exhibiting the work of
the pupils from time to time as units are completed.
When the work is properly planned, this exhibit material
may be returned to individuals, added to the permanent
equipment materials of the school, loaned or given to the
County Superintendent, the Normal School in the district
and the State Department of Public Instruction for the
use of others.
That material which shall become part of the perma­
nent equipment of the school oifers problems of selection,
storage, additions, substitution of better specimens of
a kind. Teachers are urged to counsel with the County
Superintendents, Normal School Instructors and the
Department of Public Instruction for further in forma­
tion on this subject. The Rural Department will wel­
come reports of school projects of this type for publi­
cation in later numbers of the Herald.
The following collections are suggested:
Coins, stamps, post cards, photographs, pictures from
newspapers, minerals, fossils and igneous rocks, insect
specimens, weed specimens, local woods— young and old
bark— waxed leaves, wild flower specimens, pioneer
implements, Indian relics, war trophies, local historical
lecords, old books and newspapers and magazines, copies
of local tax bills, copies of deeds of land, household
articles, local products, industrial products, etc.

WORD PICTURE OF ONE HOT DISH A DAY
LUNCH PROJECT
Sketched by Miss Jane Allen, teacher of Oak Grove,
Cumberland County, Pa.
The “ One Hot Dish a Day Lunch Project” inaugurated

46

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

by the Rural Department under the direction of Miss
Kieffer three years ago has been successfully developed
at Oak Grove School, Cumberland County and the fol­
lowing is a report of the work during 1922-1923.
The equipment used was a rack specially made to fit
a Waterbury Heater jacket, a two-burner oil stove which
v/as loaned by one of the patrons, a two-gallon aluminum
kettle, a knife, a fork, a cup, one teaspoon, one tablespoon,
one set of salt and pepper shakers and a large tin can for
supplies, a tea towel and soap.
Necessary supplies such as sugar, cocoa, rice, vanilla,
oranges and oatmeal were bought in bulk by the teacher,
each child contributing five cents a month in payment.
The teacher supplied paper napkins and kerosene Corn
meal, potatoes, chicken, eggs etc., were supplied by the
children when needed. Each child was furnished with
milk by his or her parents.
During last year the menu was as follows:
Monday, Soup (Vegetable, Oyster or provided for indi­
vidual children in bottles and pint jars ; heated in
jars.)
Tuesday, Boiled potatoes or soft boiled eggs.
Wednesday, Cocoa.
Tuesday, Rice dressed with milk, egg and vanilla or with
oranges.
Friday, Oatmeal, corn meal mush.
We varied the regular menu with special dishes pro­
vided by different patrons.
Upon the arrival of the teacher at the school in the
morning, she placed the kettle with water on the rack
over the heater, and left it there until the water began
to boil, when she transferred it to the oil stove where the
one hot dish v/as prepared. As certain dishes do not
require so much cooking, she started the lunch at dif­
ferent periods in the day.
At noon two children designated by the school passed
the napkins to the children as they returned from

«*

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

47

washing their hands. Lunch boxes were then passed
and the dish of hot food was then served by the teacher.
Each child took his dish home to have it washed.
During the lunch period the teacher and children planned
the menu for the next day and slips of paper were placed
m the lunch box to serve as a reminder for the mothers.
Hot lunches in Oak Grove School are now an established
part of the program and results are apparent in the
regular attendance of pupils, their increase in weight and
noticeable abundance of health. The time used in pre­
paring and serving one hot dish a day is well spent.

COUNTRY LIFE CLUB
Sixty Group IV Seniors and Juniors made Seatwork
Devices and Rural' Community Meetings their problems
for the year 1922-23.
Every Senior had fifty approved seatwork devices
completed which were exhibited during commencement
week for the benefit of Country Life Club members in
the field.
During the year fifteen community meetings were held
with programs varying from farm products exhibits,
lantern slides, to radio concerts.
The forty dollars given to the Rural Department by
the Class of 1911 has been used to purchase needed equip­
ment for the different rural projects. As the money is
returned by the respective schools, it becomes available
for re-investment. The forty dollars are now on deposit
for use by the 1923-24 Country Life Club Work.
ED. BOWMAN, President.
GRACE TRIMMER, Secretary.

46

THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD

THE SUMMER SESSION COUNTRY LIFE CLUB
This summer three hundred students banded together
and formed what was known as the Summer Session
Country Life Club. Two meetings were held each week
so that the members could attend at least one of them.
The following members were chosen to head the Club:
Harry G. Slothower, President; Carl Fraker, Vice-Pres­
ident; Miss Laura Deibler, Secretary; and George H.
Funt, Treasurer. The Radio work was the largest item
m the goal set by the members.
Under the efficient direction of Reese Bert and his com­
mittee members a Radio Receiving Set was assembled
having one stage of detection and two of amplification.
This is the property of the Club and cost only $31.00
which was met by the sale of Ice Cream and Heralds.
Any members of the Country Life Club desiring to con­
struct a set in their school or community may borrow this
set for a period of one month.
During the Summer, Dr. Ezra Lehman, Extension
Director L. E. Smith, Miss Edna Arnold, Dean of Women,
Dr. T. S. Williams of Ohio, and Miss Hannah A. Kieffer,
Director of Rural Education, gave lectures that were
very practical and inspiring to all who heard them.
At the last meeting of the Club, an English class,
under the direction of Miss Carrie Belle Parks, staged a
debate on Consolidation of Schools, which proved a great
success.
Next summer we are hoping to have a much larger and
better organization for it has passed the experimental
stage and has become a reality. We are sure that any
students coming next Summer will be glad to join us in
our efforts to better the rural conditions in which we are
interested.
HARRY G. SLOTHOWER, President.
LAURA DIEBLER, Secretary.