UNDERGRADUATE CATALOG
1984-86

SLIPPERY ROCK
UNIVERSITY

SLIPPERY ROCK UNIVERSITY
of Pennsylvania of the State System of Higher Education

SLIPPERY ROCK, PENNSYLVANIA 16057-9989
412/794-2510

UNDERGRADUATE CATALOG
1984-86

Produced under the supervision of Slippery Rock University's Office of the
Vice President of Academic Affairs.

SLIPPERY ROCK UNIVERSITY
SLIPPERY ROCK. PENNSYLVANIA 16057

Dear Students:
It is a pleasure to greet you on behalf of Slippery Rock Univer­
sity. From its beginning as a traditional "normal school" founded
in 1889 for the purpose of training teachers. Slippery Rock has
emerged as a multi-purpose University, serving the diverse needs
of the Commonwealth, the nation and the world. A student body
representing over 40 states and more than 30 foreign countries
attests to the wide-spread reputation that this Univeristy enjoys.
Slippery Rock University offers a wide variety of academic pro­
grams and co-curricular activities as well as providing ample opporunity for students to explore their academic and career interests.
Regardless of your career choice, our faculty believe that each
graduate should have a strong liberal arts background to be ade­
quately prepared to face the challenges ofthe future. The members
of the faculty, distinguished in their academic preparation and
experience, are committed to quality education and to assisting all
students to achieve to the highest level of their ability and aspi­
rations.
^
The University has excellent facilities, equipment, laboratories
and a campus of over 600 acres to facilitate the learning process.
Our entire staff strives to create an academic community that is
friendly, one where the student is treated as an individual and given
every opportunity to excel. It is this concern for the welfare ofthe
individual student that gives Slippery Rock University a special
place among institutions of higher education.
I extend to you a cordial invitation to become part ofthe excite­
ment. the living/learning atmosphere, and the friendliness that
make Slippery Rock University a very special place.
Sincerely,

>7
Robert N. Aebersold
Interim President

CONTENTS
General Information
The University
Admissions
Student Life
Fees and Financial Aid
Academic Procedures

1
3
6
20
29

Undergraduate Degree Programs
General Studies
Degree Programs
Special Programs
School of Education
School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation
School of Humanities and Fine Arts
School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
School of Social and Behavioral Sciences

36
39
41
66
85
106
135
154

Faculty and Administration

182

Index

210

General Information — /

THE UNIVERSITY
Slippery Rock University, one of 14 state-owned institutions of higher educa­
tion in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, has a long tradition of providing
quality education to its students. Started in 1889 as a teacher training institution,
it has emerged as a multi-purpose institution with some 6.000 students and with
over 60 degree programs in six academic divisions: Education; Health, Physical
Education and Recreation; Humanities and Fine Arts; Natural Sciences and
Mathematics; Social and Behavioral Sciences; and the Graduate School. Besides
on-campus instructional experiences, students use learning facilities at nearby
Moraine State Park, Jennings Environmental Education Center, and McKeever
Environmental Learning Center, as well as the Wallops Island Marine Science
Laboratory in Virginia. Most disciplines also sponsor an internship program
which allows students to get on-the-job professional training.
Purpose and Objectives. Philosophically committed to excellence as an institu­
tion of higher education, Slippery Rock University has as its major purpose the
development of graduates who are capable of assuming leadership in their pro­
fessions, of conceiving and expressing ideas, and of perceiving the problems of
humanity, its culture, and its environment. The development of students who are
curious, quick to inquire, and able to make objective decisions based on experi­
mentation and on information arrived at logically, who can integrate sys­
tematically major ideas and principles of knowledge, and who are able to build a
personal system of ethical and moral values is paramount. Specifically, the
institutional objectives are:
— to develop thorough, rigorous programs which will meet the requirements
of both general education and concentrations in specific fields.
— to strengthen the commitment of faculty not only to teaching and to the
guiding of students toward intellectual maturity and self development, but
also to research and community services.
— to prepare students who can both think for themselves and enter upon a
career—who are "thinkers"' as well as "doers."
— to reconcile the objectives in the departmental and school planning docu­
ments of 1977-82.
The Students. More than half of the SRU students are from western Penn­
sylvania, with the Pittsburgh-Allegheny County area serving as home to the
largest number of students. Another one-fourth of the student body hails from
central and eastern Pennsylvania, and the remainder, around 20 percent, are from
other states and other countries. A high percentage of Slippery Rock students are
first generation college students.

2 — General Information

Most of the students are graduates of college preparatory curricula in their high
schools. This usually includes four years of English, four years of social studies,
two years of foreign languages, two years of mathematics, and three years of
sciences.
The Campus. Slippery Rock's rolling, tree-lined campus can best be described
as expansive. The campus proper spreads over more than 600 acres, with woods,
streams, ponds, and wide-open spaces. Another 44 acres make up the Miller
Tract, a natural area located about a mile from the main campus.
Thirty major buildings, blending traditional and modern architecture, fill the
core of the campus for an optimum living and learning environment. The modern
Bailey Library ranks as one of the best in the state, among both public and private
institutions, with more than 700,000 catalogued items and a seating capacity of
more than 1.000. including 420 individual study carrels. Swope Music Building,
the newest building on campus, is designed as both a performing and a learning
center. The circular Vincent Science Hall houses, in addition to laboratories and
classrooms, a planetarium and a green-house. One of the busiest instructional
and recreational facilities on campus is Morrow Field House, which includes a
gymnasium, swimming pool, handball court, dance studio, indoor tennis court,
and indoor track. Besides standard classroom buildings, the university has one of
the most up-to-date computer centers, a television studio, two radio stations, eight
state-owned and three privately-owned residence halls, six auditoriums. 22 ten­
nis courts of which 12 are lighted, three major athletic fields and nine auxiliary
fields, a 9,000-seat stadium, and two dining halls. The University Union is the
campus hub with a bookstore, grille, recreation areas, and meeting rooms.
Slippery Rock University has recreational and cultural facilities and programs
to suit most any interest, from skiing to movie-going to hiking.
Location Set in western Pennsylvania, the university is easily accessible.
Pittsburgh, one of the country's largest cities, is an hour's drive south. Erie, which
takes its name from the Great Lake on which it is located, is 75 miles north, and
oungstown. Ohio, is just 35 miles due west. Though the university is located in a
town of about 2,500, it is in the middle of a population center of about 120 000
Two major interstate highways, 1-79 and 1-80, intersect within seven miles of
the university.
Accreditation. Slippery Rock University is accredited academically by the Mid­
dle States Association of Colleges and Schools and by the National Council for
Accreditation of Teacher Education. Academic Programs are also individually
accredited by appropriate professional organizations.
Alumni. Slippery Rock University has nearly 20,000 living graduates, about 60
percent having graduated in the past 10 years. They are in a multitude of pro
fessions and are living throughout the world. Graduates are encouraged to join
the Alumni Association, a separately incorporated organization devoted to serv­
ing the university and its alumni. Funded principally by membership dues, its
S£?Pe 1S direct,y dependent on the number of alumni who choose to continue their
affiliation with the university through association membership. Among services
of the Alumni Association are Maree McKay and N. Kerr Thompson scholar­
ships awarded for academic and athletic excellence; a bi-monthly newsletter,
i tie Rock . mailed to dues-paying members; group life term insurance program;
a urnni tours; constituent and regional chapters; and cooperation with the univer­
sity s Office of Career Development and Placement to help graduates in career
counseling and job placement. The Association also assists the Slippery Rock
Foundation with its annual giving program to provide necessary funds to maintain
academic excellence and bolster vital areas of the university. To offer student
a urnni programming that would encourage graduates to remain active the As­
sociation recently established a Student/Parent Membership Program Informa(^12)794-7280 "d ^ AsS°C'ati°n is available

at tbe

Alumni House on campus.

General Information — 3

UNDERGRADUATE
ADMISSIONS
Students are admitted to Slippery Rock University for terms beginning Sep­
tember, January and June and are considered for admission on the basis of
general scholarship, standardized test scores and satisfactory character and per­
sonality traits. The university reserves the right to establish or change admission
standards as it deems necessary.
Recommended Curriculum. It is recommended that entering freshmen have a
college preparatory curriculum consisting of four years of English, four years of
social studies, three yearsof science, three years of mathematics, and two years of
a foreign language.
Application Procedures for Freshmen. Applications will be accepted begin­
ning July 1 following the junior year of high school. To be certain of considera­
tion, the application should be initiated by December of the senior year. The
following procedures are required for initiation of an application.
***Application Form — This form is available by writing to the Office of
Admissions. Upon completion of the form, it should be mailed to the Director
of Admissions.
***Application Fee — The non-refundable fee of $15 in the form of a check or
money order, payable to the Slippery Rock University, must accompany the
application form.
***Ojficial Secondary School Transcript — This transcript is to be requested
from your guidance counselor or principal and sent to the Director of Ad­
missions. This transcript should be sent as soon as the senior year schedule of
classes and junior year class rank and grade point average are available.
***Admission Examination — Scores from either the Scholastic Aptitude Test
(SAT) or the test battery of the American College Testing Program (ACT)
should be sent to the Director of Admissions from the testing service or high
school. The University recommends that the SAT or ACT be taken late in the
junior year and/or early in the senior year. The guidance counselor of the second­
ary school has information concerning these examinations.
***Interview and Campus Visit — An on campus interview is probably one of the
best ways of learning about a university. It allows students to meet with members
of the university community and gives the admissions staff an opportunity to
know them better. An interview is not required, but strongly recommended.
***G.E.D. — Students having earned a General Equivalency Diploma (GED)
or PA Commonwealth Diploma must submit a copy of their diploma with test
results to the Director of Admissions. In addition, an official transcript of all high
school work completed must be submitted. Upon offer of admission and accept­
ance of the offer, the student is required to submit a non-refundable "Advance
Tuition Deposit" and a physical examination report using the form provided by
the university.

4 — General Information

Application Procedures for Transfer Students. The student who has registered
for courses at any post-secondary level institution, regardless of time enrolled, is
classified as a transfer student. Students on academic suspension from their most
recent institution are not eligible for admission to Slippery Rock University until
one calendar year has passed. In order to be considered for transfer to Slippery
Rock University, the student must satisfy one of the following requirements
for admission:
1. Have a cumulative quality point average of at least 2.0 on a 4-point scale
based on a minimum of 12 semester hours of non-remedial credit from the
last accredited institution attended.
2. Have at least a 2.0 combined quality point average on a 4-point scale for
coursework completed at all accredited post-secondary schools attended.
3. If the most recent institution is non-accredited, a 2.5 QPA is required. The
following materials must be submitted to the Director of Admissions.

***Completed Application Form.
***Non-refundable $15 application fee.
***Official transcript from each post secondary institution attended.
***An official high school transcript is required if fewer than 12 semester hours
of collegiate work have been completed.
***Test scores may be required at the discretion of the Director of Admis­
sions.
A qualified student who is enrolled at another institution at the time of applica­
tion to Slippery Rock University will be granted conditional admission until all
current coursework is successfully completed. A student not meeting the afore­
mentioned criteria may schedule an appointment with the Director of Admissions.
An unofficial evaluation of credits earned is provided upon request and also
accompanies an offer of admission. An official evaluation is provided when a stu­
dent accepts an offer of admission. Courses in which grades of A, B, C or D are
earned are normally acceptable in transfer providing the student meets all regular
admission requirements. A maximum of 67 semester hours may be transferred
when the last institution attended is a two year non-baccalaureate degree-granting
institution, except in the Medical Technology program. (See Medical Tech­
nology under Special Programs.) There is no limit to the number of semester
hours a student may transfer from a baccalaureate degree-granting institution.
However, to qualify for graduation a student must fulfill program requirements
and complete the last 36 semester hours at Slippery Rock University.
Admission of International Students. International students are invited to
apply for admission to Slippery Rock University by initiating an application to
Slippery Rock University as early as July 1 for the Fall Semester of the following
year. March 15 of the year the student desires to enroll is the deadline for filing a
completed application. International students are only admitted for the Fall
Semester.
To be considered for admission the following credentials must be submitted:

***Completed international student application.
***An application fee of $15 submitted in the form of a check or money order
made payable to Slippery Rock University of PA.
***Official secondary school records, college or university transcripts, certified
copies of diplomas or certificates and recommendations (All records must be
translated into English).
*** Score reports from either the Test of English as a Foreign Language(TOEFL)
or the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT).
*** Proofof financial support (documentation showing the student will have the
ability to cover expenses).

General Information

— 5

Students applying for financial aid must submit an international student finan­
cial aid application and the aforementioned credentials by February 1.
Admission of Graduate Students. A student desiring to take graduate courses
must be admitted to the Graduate School. To be eligible for admission, a student
must have completed the requirements for a bachelor's degree at an accredited
college or university. An application is submitted to the office of the Dean of the
Graduate School. For specific information, an application request should be
made directly to the Graduate School Office. 101 Old Main. A Graduate catalog
is available for those desiring specific information on admissions, programs or
transfers.
Advanced Placement Programs. A student may qualify to earn a maximum of
45 semester hours of credit by making satisfactory scores on tests administered
through special examination programs, and thereby earn credit or be exempt from
certain college courses.

***The Advanced Placement Program of the College Entrance Examination
Board permits high school students to earn college credits at their schools while
attending high school. Students must first takean Advanced Placement Course
prior to the Advanced Placement Exam. High school counselors can assist in
this procedure.
***Each department at the University offerscredit by examination/or its courses.
Students may arrange for these tests through their faculty advisor, depart­
mental chairperson, and dean.
***The National College Level Examination Program (CLEP) is administered
by the Office of Continuing Education and Conferences. This program is open
to all students who meet the eligibility criteria. Under the program, students
who feel their knowledge of certain subjects is extensive can elect to take the
CLEP exams. The examinations are of two types: General and Subject. The
General Examinations are designed to reflect the learning that ordinarily takes
place in a student's first two years of college. The Subject examinations are
designed to refect the more specific knowledge which a student may have
acquired in a particular subject area. General Examinations each carry six (6)
hours of credit; Subject Examinations each earn three(3) hours ofcredit. Upon
successfully passing an examination, the student will receive credit for the cor­
responding course(s) and may then go on to more advanced courses.
Department of Academic Support Services. Students who might not qualify for
regular admission to Slippery Rock University because of an inadequate academic
background may be referred to the Department of Academic Support Services
which sponsors several programs for the culturally, economically, physically,
and educationally disadvantaged student. The department seeks students who
are highly motivated and have demonstrated a potential to achieve despite de­
ficiencies. The department administers an intensive summer program, as well as
a fall support program to assist students in their transition from high school to
university life. Throughout the academic year, department faculty provide per­
sonal and academic counseling, tutoring services, and other special assistance
programs.

6 — General Information

STUDENT LIFE AND
STUDENT SERVICES
The Student Affairs staff believes that each student is an individual of dignity,
worth and responsibility who has elected to attend this university for the purpose
of attaining an education in an academic area and to grow and mature as a person
through additional learning experiences outside of the classroom.
The basic goal of the Student Affairs staff is to assist in the total development of
each student by providing appropriate, life-centered educational programs and
services. Primary concerns of the staff focus on helping students to develop
decision-making competencies, self-discipline, respect for others, skills of selfevaluation. and the learning and development of social responsibility and human
relations skills.
In order to provide those activities and services which will help each student
achieve optimum personal development, the Student Affairs division has pro­
fessional staff assigned to the following areas, which are coordinated and super­
vised by the Vice President for Student Affairs: Residence Life (Housing),
University Union. Student Activities, Financial Aid, Health Services, Orienta­
tion, Counseling. Career Development and Placement, Student Standards, and
special programs such as Veterans' Affairs and International Student Affairs.

Orientation to the University
Orientation is a required process to acquaint new students (freshmen, transfers,
veterans, foreign students) and their parents with the university and to assist the
students in their adjustment to a new environment. Students, faculty, and staff
provide help in areas such as academics (including advisement and registration
for classes) through placement testing and workshops, social and recreational
activities, and information about the university and many of its services. The pro­
gram also provides an opportunity for students to interact with each other in small
groups. Although the Orientation Office is staffed year round, the main emphasis
is on the two-day Orientation sessions during the summer for both students and
parents, a period of activities prior to the start of classes in August, and a program
for new students entering in January.

General Information

— 7

Residence Life
The philosophy of university housing at Slippery Rock is an educational one of
student development that maintains that residence halls are not merely places to
eat and sleep. They are environments in which students grow and develop
through out-of-class learning experiences and various activities on the personal,
social and academic levels. A variety of living-learning programs are conducted
in the residence halls in an attempt to achieve these objectives.
The on-campus residence halls have professionally trained Resident Coor­
dinators of Education and selected trained students as Resident Advisors. The
Residence Life Office is responsible for housing students in university-owned
residence halls. During the month of March, residence hall room request cards
for the following academic year are given to all students presently residing in the
university residence halls. These students then have the option of participating in
the individual residence hall lottery. Housing information for university-owned
residence halls will be sent on a weekly basis to freshmen as they are accepted,
beginning early in February and continuing until June 1 st. Final housing assign­
ments are made in May on a yearly basis.
Slippery Rock University has residents representing all creeds, races and
ethnic groups living in university residences. Therefore, in compliance with the
Pennsylvania Fair Education Practice Act, all residence assignments are made
without regard to race, religion, color or national origin. Having accepted the Act,
we feel that a cross-section of cultures provides a cosmopolitan community
environment.
Residence Halls (on-campus). There are eight state-owned residence halls,
housing 2,600 men and women. Currently, three are assigned to women, one to
men, and four are co-ed. Because of limited space, students cannot be guaranteed
housing on-campus for their full four years.
Residence Hall Facilities. Residence hall rooms are furnished with beds, chairs,
desks, and window covers (shades). The beds are supplied with a mattress only.
Students furnish their own blankets, pillows, towels, bedspreads, dresser covers,
pillow cases, and sheets. Students may bring their own drapes and other acces­
sories to make the room more attractive. Self-service laundries and pressing
rooms are maintained in each residence hall for convenience of the students, as
are lounges, recreation areas, storage, TV, and exercise rooms.
Closing the Residence Halls. Campus residence halls will be closed to all
students during regular vacation periods as listed on the university calendar and
also during the periods between summer sessions and semesters. All students will
be expected to leave the residence halls not later than 10:00 p.m. the last day of
final examinations. Designated residence halls will be open for summer ses­
sions.
Policy for Withdrawals. Students must vacate their rooms within 24 hours of
withdrawal from the university.
Food Service for Residents. Students who reside in state-owned residence halls
must contract to eat in the university dining facilities. No extensive cooking is
permitted in the residence halls. Students who live off-campus may contract to
eat in the university dining facilities.

8 — General Information

Off-Campus Housing. Adjacent to the campus are privately-owned residence
halls and a townhouse complex that are designated as college-related. The staffs
of these major housing units are college-trained personnel who work closely with
the Director of Residence Life for the university.
In addition to this housing, a number of rooms and apartments are available in
the community. Off-campus housing lists are available in the Residence Life
Office for the convenience of those seeking such housing.
The Director of Residence Life also acts as a mediator in landlord-tenant prob­
lems for students living off-campus.

Health Services (North Hall)
The McLachlan Student Health Center philosophy is to promote high-level
wellness at Slippery Rock University. Cost-effective, comprehensive, holistic
health care is provided in a confidential setting. Primary care is provided by cer­
tified registered nurse practitioners in cooperation with a licensed physician. The
Health Center is staffed by registered nurses, 7 days/week, 24 hours/day, during
the academic year (except scheduled break periods). Emergency transportation
is provided when needed.
The facility includes outpatient clinics, an emergency room, and an inpatient
infirmary. There is no charge for routine care which may include referral to the
staff physician, medication dispensed in the clinic, educational material and the
Cold Self-Care Center. The student is responsible for all additional medical
expenses that may be required such as lab tests, x-rays, referral to specialists or
dentists, hospitalization and prescription medications.

Student Health Insurance
Full-time undergraduate students are required to be covered by health and
accident insurance. This may be done by the student through an independent
source, or the student may elect to purchase coverage through the university Stu­
dent Insurance Program at the time of university fees payment. If students do not
purchase the school insurance, they must sign a waiver card indicating the name
of the independent insurance company and the policy number. The coverage pro­
cured in that manner must be comparable to that recommended by the university.
The university reserves the right to determine comparable coverage.
To take advantage of the Student Insurance Program benefits, students must
report promptly to the Health Center all cases of accident or illness requiring
medical attention.
Brochures explaining the student insurance coverage are supplied by the
insurance company holding the contract with the university and are made avail­
able to the student in the fees mailing and/or in Room 302 Old Main. Full-time
graduate students may also purchase the student insurance.
Students who will be participating in varsity athletics and international students
must purchase coverage or show proof of comparable coverage.

General Information

— 9

Dining Accommodations
Cafeteria service is provided in Weisenfluh and Boozel Dining Halls. Students
may purchase food contracts or purchase meal tickets at transient rates. There is
also a Grille in the University Union for fast food service. Students who do not
have a food contract may not eat in the dining halls unless they have purchased a
transient meal ticket. The dining halls and Grille are closed during university
recess periods.

Counseling and Testing
Counseling is a learning experience which encourages students to exercise
health life styles and to question some of the assumptions which are considered so
absolute. Counseling helps students learn to cope with the personal and educa­
tional problems which they may encounter in the process of their growth and
development so that they may become healthier, happier, more effective people.
Through the process of counseling, students may increase their knowledge and
understanding of themselves, their relationships with others, and with their
world.
Psychologists and professional counselors are available to talk with students
on a confidential basis regarding personal, educational, and career matters, in the
Student Counseling Center, located in 107 Maltby Center.
Testing. Tests, while not perfect and infallible, can be helpful in assessing one's
self more realistically. The Counseling Center administers a variety of tests for
students which can aid them in their self-understanding.

Career Development and Placement
Career Lab. The"Do-It-Yourself' Career Laboratory in 107 Maltby Center is a
step-by-step, primarily self-help, career resource center designed to provide
students with efficient and effectivecareer development information and help. As
a career development resource, the Career Lab can assist students to:
1. Gain greater self-knowledge in relation to choosing a major and a career;
2. Acquire career knowledge (careers, outlook and preparation);
3. Learn more about careers related to one's college major;
4. Learn more about personal leisure interests and current and future leisure
opportunities;
5. Enhance decision-making skills; and,
6. Acquire knowledge about job-search techniques and methods.
Career Developmentand Placement The Career Development and Placement
Office located in Maltby Center, has professional staff members who offer a
variety of services to aid students in planning and securing a satisfying career.
These services include: career counseling; career workshops; credential file ser­
vice; on-campus professional interviews; job vacancy listings, including vacancy
exchange information from many other colleges and universities; video-taped
mock interviews; computerized job vacancy referral system; resource informa­
tion for both summer and professional employers; overseas career information;
and resource stations dealing with career and job search techniques and strategies,
internships, and assistance for non-traditional students.

10 — General Information

Veterans Affairs
The Office of Student Affairs, 302 Old Main, handles all paperwork for
veterans or dependents of veterans who wish to apply for VA benefits.
Application for benefits should be done as early as possible, preferably 45 days
before the start of classes. Students will need to know the exact number of credits
they will be taking during the semester/session in order to be certified for benefits.
In many instances, original documents must also be provided (e.g. DD214,
marriage certificate, children's birth certificates).
Additional information regarding VA benefits, financial aid, tutorial assist­
ance, and credits for military service is available in the Student Affairs Office.
Ask for a Veterans Information Pamphlet.

International Student Affairs
Located in the Office of Student Affairs, 302 Old Main, this office provides the
following services for international students, their wives and children: Immigra­
tion information and assistance, processing paperwork (e.g. visa and passport
renewal, extensions of stay, work permit, I-20's) and counseling.

Child Care Center
The Slippery Rock University Child Care Center is open to the children of
students, faculty and staff of the university. It is located on the ground floor of
McKay Education Building.
The Child Care Center follows the university calendar and is open Monday
through Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. The Center accepts children from age
three years (must be toilet-trained) to school age (5-6 years). Children bring their
own lunch if remaining through the noon hour. Snacks are available for a
small fee.
The Center offers structured programs in music, recreation, arts and crafts, and
motor skill development.
Fees schedules may be obtained from the Child Care Center.

Vehicle Registration
All students may operate motor vehicles on campus. Students who intend to
park motor vehicles in official student parking areas must register their vehicles
with the University Police and obtain an authenticated decal, according to the
University Motor Vehicle Regulations.

General Information — II

Student Activities
At Slippery Rock, students have the opportunity to develop their leadership
skills, social skills and special abilities. Student activities programs are designed
to complement the academic programs and to help students become intellectually
and socially independent. The university encourages students to participate in
activities related to their interests and abilities.
Besides the student organizations, students serve with faculty and administra­
tion on curriculum, discipline, library and student welfare committees. Through
participation, students can begin increasingly to assume responsibility. The
opportunities are available; it is up to students to take advantage of them and to
learn to budget their time and talents to best fulfill their role as a member of the
academic community.

The University Union
The University Union staff coordinates activities, provides specific services to
students, advises student organizations and assists in developing social and
educational programs. Among Union programs which are planned by students on
the Union Programming Board (with the University Union staff) are: lectures,
mini courses, the contemporary music series, travel series, artist series, entertain­
ment spectrum series, film series, and social events. The services offered by the
Union include the Information Desk, candy shoppe, duplication center, games
room, Outfitter, the University Bookstore, and the Grille. The Union also has
several lounges, meeting rooms and a multi-purpose room available for registered
student organizations.

Student Organizations
Student organizations at Slippery Rock University are viewed as opportu­
nities for self-development and self-expression. Therefore, the success of student
activities rests largely with the students. Students are encouraged to become
involved in organizations as their time and interest warrant.
There are more than 100 organizations, activities, and teams which have been
created from student interest. The scope of the organizations includes athletics,
drama, music, service, social, scholastic interest, the media, scholastic honoraries, and the Student Government Association.

Student Government Association —
All students, by virtue of their undergraduate registration and payment of fees,
are members of the Student Government Association.
The Student Senate is the central representative and legislative organization of
the university Student Government Association. The Student Senate recom­
mends to the University the recognition of student organizations, allocation of the
General Service (activities) Fee money, and carries out other responsibilities as
included in the Student Government Association constitution. The student rep­
resentatives, through the University Union Activities Board and in cooperation
with the University Union staff, plan student activities programs.

12 — General Information

Association of
Residence Hall Students (ARHS) —
ARHS is composed of representatives from each of the university-owned
residence halls, plus the House Council Presidents. This group recommends liv­
ing standards and plans special programs for residence hall students.

Fraternities and Sororities
The Greek System has played a definite role on the SRU campus for many
years. Interfraternity and Panhellenic Council member groups believe that
Greek organizations can make a positive contribution to their individual student
members, to the university as a whole, and to the community. Membership is
open to all students regardless of race, color, or national origin.
National Fraternities
Alpha Phi Alpha
Alpha Sigma Phi
Kappa Delta Rho
Lambda Chi Alpha
Phi Sigma Epsilon
Sigma Pi
Tau Kappa Epsilon
Theta Chi

National Sororities
Alpha Kappa Alpha
Alpha Omicron Pi
Alpha Sigma Tau
Delta Zeta
Kappa Alpha
Sigma Sigma Sigma
Zeta Tau Alpha

Honor Societies
ALPHA BETA ALPHA is a national honor society recognizing scholastic
achievement in Library Science. Membership is open to all students who have
library science as either a major or an area of concentration. Students are
„ required to have completed nine hours in library science with a QPA of 3.0 and to
have good academic standing, overall. Each semester, the children of the com­
munity are entertained with a puppet show staged by Alpha Beta Alpha. Book
reviewing sessions, which are open to the public, are offered annually. In addi­
tion, the outstanding senior is recognized with the society's Plavny Award.
ALPHA EPSILON RHO is a national broadcasting honorary, established in
1943 for broadcast students. The local chapters serve as a tool for bringing pro­
fessional and student members together and is determined to improve and main­
tain the values of excellence and integrity within the industry. They provide the
opportunity to find the "extra edge" necessary to succeed in the business.
ALPHA LAMBDA is the honor society for freshman students with superior
scholastic achievement. It was established early in 1981 and is now affiliated
with Phi Eta Sigma, the national freshman honor society. All freshman men and
women (from any field of study) who have a 3.5 cumulative average and have
been enrolled for at least 14 semester hours are eligible tojoin. All members of the
society become lifetime members.

General Information — 13

ALPHA PSI OMEGA is the honorary fraternity which encourages excellence
in dramatic activities on campus. Members are working participants in major
dramatic productions, as well as one-act plays. Requirements for membership
include active participation in technical work or acting. Invitation for mem­
bership is determined by the accumulation of points in the above areas.
BETA BETA BETA, the biology honorary, was founded in 1922 to stimulate
scholarship, further scientific knowledge and promote scientific research. Active
members must be second-semester sophomores and must have nine hours in biol­
ogy with a 3.0 QPA. Associate members must only show an interest in biology.
The Slippery Rock(Lambda Lambda) chapter of Tri-Beta co-operates the second­
hand bookstore, publishes a biology newsletter, assists with the recycling center
and schedules field trips.
DELTA MU DELTA honor society recognizes and rewards superior scholastic
achievements by students in the field of Business Administration (accounting,
business and economics). To become eligible for membership, a student must
have completed 63 semester hours, including 18 hours in the Economics and
Business Department, with an overall QPA of 3.2. The Alpha Psi chapter co­
operates the secondhand bookstore and sponsors other worthwhile projects.
DELTA PSI KAPPA is a national professional physical education honorary.
The society furthers the high ideals and best interests of physical education while
recognizing the achievements of women physical educators. Through both pro­
fessional and social activities, it develops interest within the profession and pro­
motes leadership and fellowship among its members. The honorary is open to
women physical education majors with high overall academic achievements in
general studies and physical education.
DELTA SIGMA RHO is organized and operated exclusively for educational
purposes. Specifically, it promotes interest and recognizes excellence in forensics and original speaking. Requirements for membership include two years of
undergraduate participation in forensics activities, and candidates must rank in
the upper third of their class.
ETA SIGMA GAMMA is a national professional honorary in Health Science
which strives to elevate the standards, ideals, competence and ethics of pro­
fessionally trained members of the health science discipline. The Slippery Rock
Omicron chapter, in existence since 1974, works to increase awareness of careers
open to health science majors.
GAMMA THETA UPSILON. the geography honorary, strives to further pro­
fessional interest in geography, providing professional training through academic
experiences and increasing social relationships among those interested in geo­
graphy. Requirements for induction include a 3.0 QPA in nine hours of geo­
graphy and an overall QPA of 2.5. Associate members with a 3.0 in three hours of
geography are also eligible to join. One of the past projects of Gamma Theta
Upsilon was the restoration of the Old Slippery Rock cemetery. The fraternity
also offers slide-lecture presentations on travel topics.
KAPPA DELTA PI, the national honor society in education, is eager to promote
a closer bond among the students in education and fellowship with those dedicated
to teaching as a profession. The Delta Tau chapter was established at Slippery
Rock in 1938. The society is responsible for the Dean's List Tea, Honors Week
activities and, at times, sponsors meetings of all the campus honoraries to pro­
mote joint projects. Any education major with a QPA of 3.25 or higher is invited
to join the honorary.
KAPPA GAMMA is the scholastic honor society for students in communica­
tion. It also functions as a service and support organization for the Department of
Communication in its activities. Minimum requirements for induction include
second-semester sophomore class standing, a 3.0 QPA in communication, a 2.5
overall QPA and 18 credit hours in communication courses at Slippery Rock.

14 — General Information

LAMBDA EPSILON DELTA is the honor society for elementary education
majors. Students are required to have a 3.0 overall QPA after completing at least
60 semester hours. Members are required to participate in a pledge project and
they also vote annually for the recipient of the Senior of the Year Award.
LAMBDA SIGMA. The purpose of this honorary is to recognize sophomore
students who have enriched the life of the campus through their scholarship and
leadership potential. Active members are chosen according to an election system
approved by the National Board and are initiated in the spring of their freshmen
year for membership as sophomores.
MU KAPPA GAMMA, the music honorary, is the service organization for the
Music Department. It assists at recitals and other music events by publicizing
and ushering. The honorary also serves to recognize talented musicians by offer­
ing chances to perform. Each spring a scholarship is awarded to one of the club's
members. Initiation is sponsored each semester for students who have par­
ticipated for at least three semesters in a campus music organization and who
have maintained a 3.25 QPA.
PHI ALPHA THETA, organized in 1921, is an international honor society in
history. The Slippery Rock Rho Iota chapter is comprised of students and pro­
fessors who have shown excellence in the study of history. The objective of Phi
Alpha Theta is the promotion of research, instruction, publication and exchange
of experiences among historians. Any student may become a member by main­
taining high academic standards in both history and general studies.
PHI EPSILON KAPPA, the national physical education honorary, was es­
tablished at Slippery Rock in 1962. It honors outstanding male physical educa­
tion majors. The objectives of the fraternity are to promote scholarship and to
elevate the standards, ideals and ethics of those engaged in the teaching of physi­
cal education. The requirements for membership include a minimum overall
QPA of 2.75 and a sophomore class rank.
PI DELTA PHI Gamma Sigma Chapter of the national French honorary, aims
to recognize excellence in French studies. Members also communicate French
language and culture to others by tutoring and sponsoring French cultural presen­
tations. Neophytes are initiated annually. To be eligible tojoin, the student must
have completed French Conversation and Composition (301) with a grade of
"B" or better and must have a 2.8 overall QPA.
PSI CHI, the psychology honorary, aims to provide academic prestige to mem­
bers by high standards for eligibility, to offer a congenial climate for professional
growth, and to make active attempts at nourishing and stimulating that growth.
Basis for memberships: (1) completion of twelve or more credits in psychology:
(2) registration for major or minor standing in psychology or related program; (3)
high standards of personal behavior, (4) good academic standing; (5) threefourths vote of approval for membership at a regular meeting of the chapter. The
honorary has several professional, social, and fund-raising activities.
RHO PHI ALPHA is the national honor society for students who have made
outstanding contributions to the field of recreation. Initiates must be second
semester sophomores with a 2.8 overall QPA and a 3.25 QPA in at least twelve
hours of recreation at Slippery Rock.
SIGMA DELTA PI, the Spanish honor society, honors those who seek excel­
lence in the study of Spanish language and literature. The society has four classes
of membership. A student must have studied at least three college years of
Spanish with a QPA of 3.0.
SIGMA PI EPSILON DELTA, the first Special Education honorary in the
United States, was established at Slippery Rock University in 1977. The hon­
orary seeks to recognize outstanding special education majors for academic
achievement and service for handicapped persons. Members must have a QPA of
3.25 or higher with a minimum of nine credit hours in special education. They
must also have accumulated 100 hours of volunteer work and be members of the
Council for Exceptional Children.

General Information — 15

SIGMA TAU DELTA, the English honorary, was established at Slippery Rock
in 1935. Its primary objectives are to promote mastery in the written media, to
encourage worthwhile reading, and to foster a spirit of fellowship among students
and faculty of English. Students are required to have a 3.0 QP A in 15 credit hours
of English and good academic standing overall to be eligible for initiation.

Musical Organizations
In conjunction with the regularly scheduled student and faculty recitals, the
university maintains the following, well-developed musical organizations which
contribute to the wealth of fine music on the campus:
UNIVERSITY CHOIR. Some 60 to 70 men and women, chosen by audition,
study and perform the great choral literature from the Renaissance to the present.
Concerts are presented on campus and on tours.
SYMPHONIC CHOIR. This is a large ensemble, chosen by audition, which
studies and performs the great choral literature.
CHAMBER SINGERS. This is a small ensemble of well-blended voices se­
lected and trained for the performance of madrigals and other chamber vocal
music.
MARCHING ROCKET BAND. The band performs during the half-time at
football games, both home and away, and for other special events. Much of its
music is especially arranged.
CONCERT BAND. The Concert Band members are carefully selected to pro­
vide a balanced instrumentation of the best players. Music written for the concert
band is the main repertoire. Concerts are given by this group on campus and
on tour.
JAZZ-ROCK ENSEMBLE. Students learn to perform in both jazz and rock
idioms. Improvisation, original student compositions and arrangements are
encouraged. The ensemble performs on and off campus.
ORCHESTRA. The Orchestra is a symphonic-sized ensemble comprised of
strings, woodwinds, brass and percussion. All string players are eligible; wood­
wind, brass and percussion players are to consult with the director prior to
registering.
CHAMBER STRING ENSEMBLE. The selected members of the Chamber
String Ensemble study and perform chamber music written for strings.
BRASS ENSEMBLE. The Brass Ensemble studies and performs music for
brass from all historic periods. Members are selected after auditions.
WOODWIND ENSEMBLE. The Woodwind Ensemble is a small, selected
group of students which studies and performs music for woodwind.
GOSPEL CHOIR. The Gospel Choir is made up of students who enjoy singing
Gospel music. The group sings on campus and goes on tour.

16 — General Information

Publications and Radio
ROCKET—weekly campus newspaper. Its staff is made up of student re­
porters and editors who write on a wide variety of matters which directly concern
the students and the university community. The paper serves as an outlet for stu­
dent opinion, through the editorial and letter-to-the-editor columns. The Rocket
publication covers news, sports, campus announcements, and special features.
This publication provides an excellent experience for those students whose career
goals are in the areas of journalism, advertising, layout and design, and general
newspaper management.
SAXIGENA—university yearbook. Saxigena is published as a pictorial record
of the year and of the graduating class. As a student operated organization, Sax­
igena encourages student involvement in management, photography, layout,
copywriting, art work, typing and various clerical tasks, all necessary to make
such a publication possible.
WRCK—A.M. university radio station is a student-operated network serving
the campus community. Its format consists of popular contemporary artists, rock
and roll, progressive rock, music and concert news, special features and local,
national and international news and sports. WRCK operates during the day
throughout the academic year and broadcasts exclusively to on-campus residence
halls and some off-campus living facilities.
WSRU F.M.: non-commercial, educational campus radio station.
GINGER HILL—Campus literary magazine. Poetry, prose, short fiction,
drawing and photography submitted by members of the university community are
presented in this magazine. It is published once a year, and the staff encourages
total university participation.

General Information — 17

Religious Organizations
and Places of Worship _
Students may find fellowship and opportunities for religious experience through
the following groups:
Black Campus Ministry
Campus Crusade for Christ
Protestant Campus Ministry
Solid Rock Ministries
Catholic Campus Ministry
Canterbury Club
Lutheran Students Association
Slippery Rock Christian Fellowship
United Brothers for Christ
The Catholic Campus Ministry, housed in the Newman Center, challenges
students to learn, understand, and give witness to the Word in a contemporary
society. Student-initiated programs and activities at the Newman Center attempt
to give vision to the needs of students and help them develop Christian leader­
ship.
The United Campus Ministry is an ecumenical ministry supported by seven
Protestant denominations in Pennsylvania: the American Baptist Church, Chris­
tian Church, Church of the Brethren, Episcopal Church, United Church of
Christ, United Methodist Church, and United Presbyterian Church. The purpose
of the United Campus Ministry is to provide pastoral care for the university com­
munity and to be a visible witness to the Christian faith. As part of the Newman
Center community, it proclaims the unity of Christ and seeks to make it visible.
The purpose of the Black Campus Ministry at Slippery Rock University is to
educate, as well as spiritually uplift minority students. Church services are held
every Sunday in the Newman Center. All students, faculty, administrators and
staff are welcome to attend the worship services.
The Newman Center, located just off-campus near the Old Main building, was
established for the purpose of providing a meeting place for worship and social
gatherings for students. As noted above, many of the campus religious groups
hold church services in the Newman Center each week.
Students are also always welcome at the many places of worship in and near the
borough of Slippery Rock. Jewish students are provided with transportation to
the Synagogue in Butler by university faculty members. The Campus Ministers
at the Newman Center will assist in arranging for such transportation.

Theatre Productions
The Department of Theatre sponsors an active co-curricular program in theatre
production. Each year, it presents four to five faculty-directed productions and a
number of student-directed productions, one-act and full-length.
The season typically features a balance of Broadway hits, new plays and
classics of the world theatre.
Participation in the program is open to any interested student and is not con­
fined to theatre majors. Points qualifying one for membership in Alpha Psi
Omega, the dramatics honorary, are earned through participation in this program.

18 — General Information

Continuing Education
and Conferences
CONTINUING EDUCATION. In keeping with its commitment to public
education, the university provides high quality programming for the non-traditional
student. Credit courses, workshops, and seminars are regularly scheduled to be
convenient to the part-time student both in time and location. This permits the
student to complete most of the required coursework for a variety of degrees while
still holding a full-time job.
For those seeking professional development, but not needing college credit.
Slippery Rock University awards Continuing Education Units (C.E.U.'s). The
programs that are approved for C.E.U.'s have been created to insure maximum
professional growth. The Continuing Education Office, through the faculty, has
the resources to develop specialized programs to meet the needs of virtually any
group, organization, or population.
In addition, leisure education, special short-term clinics and workshops are all
integral parts of the continuing education function. For information, call (412)
794-7551.
CONFERENCES. More than 20,000 people take advantage each year of the
excellent conference facilities at Slippery Rock. With housing for 2,600 on cam­
pus and banquet rooms than can seat from 20 to 500, arrangements can be made
for almost any size group.
Slippery Rock University has carpeted meeting rooms which provide a warm
intimate atmosphere, or, if the group is larger, the university has nine auditoriums.
When combined with the classroom space, gymnasiums, practice fields, and the
remainder of the campus, the university offers a totally self-contained resource
for most any program.
Further details are available from the Conference Office (412) 794-7551.

The Athletic Program
Always a strength at Slippery Rock, the athletic program is broad-based and
affords every student at the university an opportunity to participate. The belief
that sports and physical fitness help to expand the scope of today's education has
led to a strong institutional commitment to athletics. Three types of athletic
activities flourish:
. .
.
Intramural activities attract students who want to participate in athletic com­
petition with other students on campus. Seasonal schedules, tournaments, and
special events are held between residence halls, fraternities, sororities, clubs,
faculty, and commuting students. Intramural sports are provided tor men and
women separately, as well as together in coeducational activities. No less than 15
sports are currently offered as intramural activities and some sports have more
than 1,500 students participating. Slippery Rock has one of the most extensive
and healthy intramural programs in the country for a school its size. The sports
presently being offered on the intramural level are flag football, kickball. volleyball,
racquetball, broomball, tennis, basketball, wrestling, foul shooting, swimming,
soccer, softball, track & field, golf, and gymnastics.

General Information — 19

Club sports provide the opportunity for competition with teams from other
colleges and organizations but at a less formal level than the intercollegiate
athletic program. Each club sport is under the supervision and guidance of a
qualified faculty member. Included in the present club sport offerings are soccer
and water polo for women, plus ice hockey, lacrosse, powerlifting, rugby, volleyball,
and water polo for men.
Intercollegiate athletics include a varied array of sports and make an im­
portant and meaningful contribution to the total educational objectives of the
university. The strength of the SRU intercollegiate athletic program is its com­
petitive framework as well as its desire for excellence in all 22 of the university's
varsity teams. The program is also academically accountable. One of the
strengths of the program is the quality athletic facilities which are unsurpassed on
the college division level. The list of competitive, intercollegiate teams for women
include cross country, tennis, volleyball, and field hockey in the fall: basketball,
gymnastics, swimming, judo, and indoor track in the winter; and lacrosse, Softball,
and track & field in the spring. The men's sports include football, soccer, and
cross country in the fall; basketball, wrestling, gymnastics, swimming, judo, and
indoor track in the winter: and baseball, tennis, golf, and track & field in the
spring. Slippery Rock is a member of the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference
(PSAC), and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).

20 — General Information

FEES AND FINANCIAL AID
The following fee information applies to all undergraduate students and is sub­
ject to change without notice.

Basic Fees
Pennsylvania Residents. Full-time students who are residents of the Common­
wealth of Pennsylvania pay a basic fee to attend Slippery Rock University in the
amount of $785 per semester for a maximum of 18 credit hours. Students who are
permitted to carry more than 18 credit hours will be charged $66 for each
additional credit hour. Part-time or extension students who are Pennsylvania
residents taking 11 or fewer hours will pay $66 for each credit hour. Full-time
status is given to a student taking 12 or more semester hours.
Non-Pennsylvania Residents. Students who are not legal residents of Pennsyl­
vania and register for 12-18 credit hours will be charged a flat rate of $1,374 per
semester. If more than 18 hours a semester are taken, a rate of $ 115 for each
additional hour will be charged. Out-of-state students who take fewer than 12
hours (part-time) will pay tuition at the rate of $115 per credit hour. These rates
apply to all curricula. The fees for room and board, General Service Fee and the
cost of books and supplies are the same for all students, resident or non-resident.
Students who enter the university from an out-of-state address will generally con­
tinue to be classified as non-Pennsylvania residents for fee purposes during their
years at the university. An exception is made if the students' parents establish a
legal residence in Pennsylvania. Establishing a Pennsylvania mailing address or
a certificate of registration for voting purposes does not change students out-ofstate status for fee purposes as long as their parents reside out-of-state. The
establishment of a residence with a relative who is a Pennsylvania resident does
not change a student's out-of-state status for fee purposes unless the relative
legally adopts the student. For more information on residency requirements, con­
tact the Student Accounts Office.
Student Community Building Fee. Mandated by state law, this fee is required
to retire the general obligation bonds for the new University Union building. It is
determined by the number of hours taken and is pro-rated as follows: 1 -6 credits,
$2.50 per semester; 7-9 credits, $5 per semester; 10 or more credits, $10 per
semester. The Summer Session fee is 1-3 weeks or credits, $1; 4-6 weeks or
credits, $2.
General Service Fee (Student Activities). This fee of $48 per semester covers
the admission of each full-time student to all athletic events, lectures, and dramatic
productions, as well as paying for class dues and copies of the Rocket newspaper
and Saxigena yearbook. Part-time students are assessed a General Service Fee
of $4.00 per credit hour which permits them to receive all the benefits of a fulltime student. Summer session students pay a General Service Fee of$ 1 per week
for the summer sessions. For refunds, see Refund Policy.

General Information — 21

Health Services Fee
This fee is S40 per semester for full-time students (12 credits and above) or $16
per semester for students taking 6-11 credits. There is no charge for students tak­
ing less than 6 credits during a semester.
This fee provides the budget for operating the Student Health Center. All
students registering for 6 or more credits are entitled to utilize the facility. (See
also HEALTH SERVICES)

Room and Board Fees
Board Fees. If students reside in a campus residence hall, they are required to eat
in the university dining halls. Students who live in off-campus housing may also
board in the university dining halls if they choose. The dining halls are available
to students duringthe time that the university is officially in session. The board fee
is $392 per semester.
State-Owned Residence Hall Fees. For students who live in one of the stateowned residence halls—Bard, Harner, North. Patterson, Rhoads, Dodds. Kraus
and Founders the room fee is $485 per semester. A non-refundable deposit is
requested at the time a room is reserved.
Privately-Owned Residence Halls. A list of privately-owned residence halls
and their fees is available in the Housing Office.

Miscellaneous Fees/Charges
Graduation Fee. A fee of $20 is paid by each candidate for a degree to cover the
cost of the diploma, one transcript, and Commencement expenses.
Certification Fee. A fee of $15 must be paid and an application for certification
made by each graduating senior seeking certification in teaching.
Transcript Fee. A fee of $2 is charged for each copy of a transcript of grades.
Private Music Instruction Fee. The charge for private music lessons to students
(voice, piano, band or orchestra instruments) is $50 per semester per credit.
Rental of room for practice one period per day is $6 per semester. Withdrawal
from the course on or before the last day to enter class constitutes 50 percent for­
feiture of these fees. After that date, 100 percent of the special fees is forfeited.
Parking Decal. Students permitted automobiles on campus will be charged $2
for a parking decal, removable each September.
Overseas Student Teaching. Students selecting overseas student teaching
assignments will be charged an additional $150 during that semester.
I.D. Replacement A charge of $10 is made for the first I.D. replacement and
$15 for all others.
Credit by Examination. Students challenging a course by examination must pay
a $50 fee for each course, payable in advance of the examination.
Admission to Teacher Education. Students pursuing certification in a teaching
education program must pass a test of basic skills prior to the fifth semester. A fee
is charged for this test.
Damage Charges. Students are responsible for damages, breakage, loss or delay
in returning of university property, the cost of which may be charged to the
individual student.

22 — General Information

Fee/Charge Regulations
Payment of Fees. Prior to the opening date of each semester a notice requesting
the payment of fees will be mailed to each student who has pre-registered. All stu­
dent accounts must be paid as directed by the notice. Failure to comply with this
requirement will postpone a student's enrollment to classes.
Late Payment A student who does not make payment of university fees at the
time stipulated will pay a charge of $10. This applies to each individual pay­
ment date.
Bad Checks. A charge of $10 will be assessed students for each check returned
because of insufficient funds.
Delinquent Accounts. No student shall enroll, graduate, or receive a transcript
of records until all fees have been paid in full.
Late Registration Fee. Each student registering after the date or time officially
set for registration will pay a Late Registration Fee of $10. except when permis­
sion for late registration has been secured in advance from the Registrar because
of illness or any other unavoidable cause.

Refund Policy
(Graduate and Undergraduate)
Applicability. The refund policy applies to all students (undergraduate, graduate,
credit, non-credit) and all terms (regular semesters, summer school, mini-courses,
workshops). It applies only to fees paid directly to the university. It does not
apply to fees paid to others, such as off-campus housing and insurance.
Cancelled Course or Workshop. The student will receive a full refund of all fees
paid for this course or workshop.
Scheduled Course or Workshop is Changed by the University. If the student
elects not to attend, a full refund of all fees paid for this course or workshop
will be made.
Students Refused Readmission for Academic Reasons. The student will re­
ceive a full refund of all fees paid for the new semester or term.
Withdrawal from the University on or Before the First Day of Class of a
Semester, Summer Sessions or Workshop.
A. Written notice. The student must notify the Registrar's Office in writing, and
this notice must be received not later than the first full class day.
B. Withdrawal from the university means that the student is withdrawing from
all courses for a semester or summer session. When the student withdraws
from some courses but remains in the university, refund is computed as in
OVERPAYMENT section at the end of this policy.
C. All fees paid for this semester, summer session or workshop will be re­
funded except:
1. New full-time undergraduate students for a regular semester (not sum­
mer sessions) Students who are attending their first semester at SlipperyRock (including transfer students) will forfeit an amount equal to 10 per­
cent of the full-time flat rate tuition for an in-state undergraduate
student.
2. The application fee (currently $15) is not refunded.

General Information — 23

Withdrawal from University After the First Day of Class of a Semester, Sum­
mer Session or Workshop. The student must complete the official with­
drawal procedure.
A. The fees refundable in all paragraphs of this section include tuition, health
service, general service, residence hall and dining hall. They are refundable
only for the percentages or number of weeks indicated.
B. The following fees will not be refunded: Application Fee, Community Build­
ing Fee, Late Payment Fee.
C. Regular Semester:
1. Voluntary withdrawal The university will refund the following percent­
age of all fees in section A above, counting from the first full class
day:
WITHDRAWAL DURING
PERCENTAGE REFUNDED
1st through 2nd week
80%
3rd week
70%
4th week
60%
5th week
50%
After 5th week
No Refund
2. Withdrawal forced by the illness, disabling injury, or death of the stu­
dent or student's parent, guardian, spouse, or child. Illness or disabling
injury must be substantiated by a physician's written statement. The
charge will be only for the number of weeks attended based on the
regular semester, and any amount of the fees listed in Section A above
paid beyond this will be refunded.
Summer Sessions Withdrawal/Refund Policy
A. Withdrawal on/or before the first day of class:
A student may obtain a full refund if the registration is officially cancelled on
or before the first day of class.
B. Withdrawal after the first day of class:
1. Voluntary withdrawal: 75% of basic tuition will be refunded to students
who have officially withdrawn, based upon the following cut-offs.
Pre-Session
3 class meetings
Summer Session
4 class meetings
Sessions I & II
5 class meetings
Workshops
25% of instruction
After the above cut-offs, no basic tuition will be refunded. Refund of
Residence Hall rent, General Service Fee, and Meal Plan Fee will be
based on weeks of attendance. Any portion of a week attended will
count as a full week. The student Community Building Fee is not
refundable after the first day of class.
2. Withdrawal forced by the illness, disabling injury, or death of the
student or student's parent, spouse or child. Illness or disabling injury
must be substantiated by a physician's written statement. The student
will be charged for the number of weeks attended and only tuition, room,
or board paid beyond that will be refunded. Any portion of a week will
count as a full week.
C. Official Withdrawal Defined:
For a student to be considered officially withdrawn, he/she must process
forms through the following offices.
1. Office of the Registrar—for students withdrawing from Pre-Session,
Session I, Session II, and Summer Session.
2. Office of Continuing Education and Conferences—for students with­
drawing from workshops.

24 — General Informationv

Overpayment of Account with Student Remaining in University: When the
student's account is overpaid for one of the following reasons, the unearned fees
will be refunded.
A. Reduction of the number of credit hours when the student is paying on an
hourly basis:
1. Regular Semesters—The percentage of tuition refunded for the hours
dropped will be as stated under "Regular Semester Voluntary With­
drawals" in the section of this policy concerning withdrawals from
the university after the opening date of regular semester.
2. Summer Sessions—When the reduction takes place after the first week,
there will be no refund or fee credit for the hours dropped. When the
reduction takes place during the first week, the student shall be charged
for those credit hours that remain plus one week of the reduced credit
hours. For example: A student registers for six hours during a five-week
summer session, but drops three hours during the first week. That stu­
dent shall be charged for three hours plus one-fifth of three hours for the
dropped course. When the reduction takes place after the first week,
there will be no refund or fee credit for the hours dropped.
B. Approved withdrawal from the dormitory and/or dining hall (applicable
only when withdrawal is preapproved by the appropriate Vice-President or
designee). The student will be charged only for the number of weeks the stu­
dent was in the dormitory or dining hall, based on a 15-week semester.
Suspension or Dismissal from University other than for Reasons of Aca­
demic Standing. No refund will be made to any such student; all money paid will
be forfeited.

General Information — 25

Financial Aid
Pell Grant. To obtain a Pell Grant, the student must obtain a Pennsylvania State
Grant and Federal Student Aid Application, complete it according to instruc­
tions and submit it to PHEAA, Towne House, Harrisburg, PA 17102.
About six weeks after submitting the application, the student will receive a Stu­
dent Aid Index Report. This report will have printed on it an eligibility index
number. If this number is 1700 or less, the student is eligible for a grant and all
three copies of the Report should be sent to the Financial Aid Office.
Here based on the payment schedule published by the Federal Government,
the actual award will be computed and the student copy of the Report re­
turned.
If your Eligibility
Your Approximate
Index Number is
Pell Grant award is:
0
$1900
200
1750
400
1550
600
1350
800
1150
1000
950
1200
750
1400
550
1600
350
1700+
In 1983-84, about 1700 Slippery Rock students received $1,800,000 from the
Pell Grant Program—an average award of $1,060.
The deadline date for applying for this grant is May 1, 1986, for an award for
the 1985-86 academic year.
PHEAA State Grants. Each year the Pennsylvania State Legislature appro­
priates funds to be administered by the Pennsylvania Higher Education Assist­
ance Agency (PHEAA) for making grant awards to needy Pennsylvania students.
To apply for a state grant, the same application as is submitted for the Pell
Grant must be submitted directly to the Agency in Harrisburg by May 1. Based
on the family Financial data, the cost of education at the student's selected college,
and the amount to be received from the Pell Grant Program, the Agency deter­
mines the amount of the grant and notifies both the student and the college. These
announcements are usually forthcoming sometime after May 1.
If the student is eligible for a grant, the minimum amount is $100 a year: the
maximum amount is 80% of tuition and fees. The amount received from the Pell
Grant is taken into consideration in determining the grant amount. PHEAA,
therefore, requires the student's applying for a Pell Grant before the state grant
announcement is made.
In 1983-84, about 1,450 SRU students received $750,000 from the PHEAA
State Grant Program—an average award of $517.

26 — General Information

College-Based Federal Program. Each year. Slippery Rock receives an alloca­
tion from the Federal Government to operate (1) the Supplemental Educationaj
Opportunity Grant Program, (2) the National Direct Student Loan Program, anu
(3) College Work Study Program.
The same State-Federal application submitted to Harrisburg is also used to
apply for these programs. The deadline date is May 1 preceeding the academic
year for which the student is requesting aid.
The student does not directly apply for any of the three programs. Based on the
data received from Harrisburg, the financial aid director determines to whom and
how much is awarded from each program.
Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant Because these funds are so
limited, the University awards SEOG only to very needy students.
minimum award is $200 the maximum is$2,000. In 1983-84 about 400 SRU
students received $130,000 from the program—an average award of $32o.
National Direct Student Loan Program. The maximum aggregate amount
that can be borrowed through the NDSL Program is $6,000 for four years, of
undergraduate study—$12,000 if the student continues into graduate study.
Repayment to the University begins six months after the student graduates
or leaves school for other reasons. During the repayment period, the student
will be charged five (5) percent interest on the unpaid balance of the loan
principle.
The program provides certain loan cancellation benefits for borrowers who
serve in the Armed Forcesof the United States after receiving the loan or who
enter certain types of teaching service.
In 1983-84, about 400 students received an average award of $675.
College Work Study Program. During the 1983-84 year, 525 students
worked on campus and earned $400,000—an average earnings of $695.
The University permits the student to work up to twenty (20) hours a week.
The wage rate is the current minimum wage.
The student must find his/her own job on campus. All jobs are posted at
both the Financial Aid Office and the place of employment. The names of all
students who demonstrate a need are submitted to all employers on campus
prior to the start of fall semester. Students on this list are given priority in the
hiring process. No student, however, is guaranteed a job.
Basis for Awarding Aid. For the 1983-84 academic year, the following esti­
mated budget was used in computing a student's financial need:
In-State
Out-of-State
Basic Fee
$1,570
$2,748
University Union Fee
20
20
General Service Fee
96
Health Service Fee
$0
80
Room & Board
1,754
1,7^4
Books & Supplies
300
300
Personal Expenses
200
$4,520
$5,698
From the data submitted on the State-Federal application, the amount the family
is capable of contributing is computed. Included in this family contribution is a
student summer savings figure of $700 for a freshman; $900 for a sophomore,
junior and senior. The difference between the budget and the family contribution
is the financial need.

General Information — 27

From this need figure, the amount received from Pell and/or PHEAA is de­
ducted. Remaining need is then met, assisting neediest students first, with
SEOG, NDSL. and CWSP until all funds from all three programs are exhausted.
Self-Support (Independent) Students. To qualify as a self-support student, all
of the following conditions must be met. For the year preceding and during the
year in which the aid is to be received:

(1) the student cannot live with parents for more than six consecutive weeks.
(2) the student cannot be listed as an exemption on the parents' Federal
Income Tax return.
(3) the student cannot receive assistance worth $750 or more from the parents.
If the student meets all of the above conditions, only student data need be
submitted.
Qualifying as a self-support student for PHEAA is somewhat different—this
determination will be made by the Agency in Harrisburg.
Non-Pennsylvania Residents. The same PHEAA Federal application form
used by Pennsylvania residents is required of non-Pennsylvania residents who
wish to apply for assistance from the SEOG. NDSL and/or C WS programs. The
form will automatically be sent to out-of-state applicants. In addition, the student
should complete whatever application form is required by that student's state
grant agency.
PHEAA State Guaranteed Loan Program. If students receive insufficient aid
from all the preceding aid programs, they may investigate the possibility of
obtaining a guaranteed loan from their own local lending institution.
A maximum of $2,500 per academic year with a $12,500 aggregate maximum
for undergraduates may be borrowed under this program. Any amount obtained
will be used as part of the students' financial aid package. (Maximum loan for
graduate students is $5,000 per year $25,000 aggregate.)
To apply: Obtain an Application for a State Loan Guaranty and Needs Test
Form from the student's local hometown lending institution. Complete both
forms and submit them according to instructions.
Six months after the student terminates his/her education, repayment will
begin to the lending institution at nine (9) percent interest. There are no forgive­
ness provisions.
There is no deadline date for applying for this loan. Once a student receives one
loan, applications for succeeding years will automatically be sent by PHEAA at
the expiration date of the previous loan.
While the above briefly explains the Guaranteed Loan Program in Pennsyl­
vania, all other states have a similar program.
Recent legislation has brought about the following provisions governing the
guaranteed loan program:
(1) Students whose family's adjusted gross income is $30,000 or more must
undergo a financial needs test to determine if they are eligible.
(2) A student with demonstrated need of $1 to $499 may get a loan up to the
need amount.
(3) A student with demonstrated need of between $500 and $1,000 may pro­
cess a loan for up to $ 1,000.
(4) A student with a demonstrated need greater than $1,000 may get a loan up
to need amount.
(5) A five (5) percent origination fee will be deducted from the face value of
each student's loan by the lending institution.

28 — General Information

Family Partnership Loan. Students who are rejected for the State Guaranteed
Loan or who have their requested amount reduced by $ 1000 or more because of
family income may be eligible for the new Family Partnership Loan. Details of
this program are available in the University's financial aid brochure or by calling
(412) 794-7247.
Parental Loan for Undergraduate Students. This program enables the parent
to borrow up to $3,000 annually $15,000 cumulatively. The maximum interest
rate is twelve (12) percent; repayment begins within 60 days of disbursement.
The total amount borrowed by the student under the state guaranteed loan pro­
gram and the parent under the parental loan program cannot exceed the total cost
of education.
State Student Employment Program. For those students who do not demon­
strate a financial need and thus do not qualify to work under the Federal Work
Study Program, the University operates an extensive employment program using
state funds. Maximum hours and the wage rate are the same as the CWS
Program.
In 1983-84, about 1,000 students earned about $800,000 from this program
with average earnings of $800.
The Billing Process. The University bills on a semester basis—in July tor the tall
semester, in December for the spring semester. Summer courses must be paid for
at the time of registration.
,.,ncI
Any amounts received from Pell, state and institutional grants, and NDSL will
be deducted from the bill. Any balance must be paid by the due date.
General Comments. To be eligible for the PHEAA State Grant, a student must
be full-time (12 or more credits per semester). All other programs are available to
less than full-time students. Carrying less than a full load will, however, reduce
the amount of the award considerably.
All aid programs require the student's making satisfactory academic pro­
gress. Academic progress for financial aid purposes is defined as the success­
ful completion of 24 new credits after two semesters with a 1.5 QPA; 48 after
four semesters, 1.75 QPA; 72 after six semesters, 2.0 QPA; 96 after eight
semesters, 2.0; and 120 after ten semesters, 2.0 QPA. For a more detailed
explanation of progress, check the Financial Aid Program brochure.
Academic Management Services. A plan which enables the annual fees to be
paid in ten monthly payments is available through this private organization
(AMS). There is a charge of $40 a year (subject to increase) for this service.
Advance monthly payments begin in June. Information about this plan is auto­
matically mailed to all new students in the spring before their enrollment. Persons
desiring information in advance of this spring mailing or upperclassmen may
obtain details of the plan by writing to Academic Management Services, Inc.,
1110 Central Avenue, Pawtucket, Rhode Island 02861, or calling them toll free
at 800-556-6684.

Academic Scholarships
Several scholarshipsources are available for academically talented persons, in
addition to the aid available to all students through the state and federal govern­
ment. One such program, the University Academic Scholarship Program, is
funded through contributions from students, staff, faculty and friends of the
university. It provides for ten renewable (on attainment of a 3.250 QPA)
scholarships of $750 each to incoming freshmen whose high school records and
SAT scores indicate superior ability.
Some individual colleges and departments within the University also have
scholarship awards based on achievement, in addition to alumni funded scholar­
ships. Information is available from the Financial Aid Office.

General Information — 29

ACADEMIC PROCEDURES
AND POLICIES
Academic procedures and policies are subject to change during the time a stu­
dent is enrolled in the University. These changes will usually be in course con­
tent. but may also involve the requirements in departmental majors. Any such
changes are publicized to students through the Green and White, The Rocket
and/or by the specific department involved.
Classification of Students. Undergraduate students are classified according to
the number of semester hours completed.
95 semester hours or more
senior
63-94 semester hours
junior
25-62 semester hours
sophomore
24 semester hours or less
freshman
Classification questions are to be directed to the Registrar.
Advanced Standing. During the semester in which 60 semester hours are to be
completed, a student will be reviewed for Advanced Standing. A student who
has transferred more than 48 or more semester hours must apply no later than the
second semester of registration. To receive Advanced Standing the student must
have accomplished the following:
1. Completed 60 semester hours.
2. Earned a minimum 2.0 cumulative quality point average at Slippery Rock
University.
3. Satisfactorily completed basic skills courses (competencies) in English,
Communication, Fundamental Mathematics and Reading and Study Skills.
4. Chosen a major and received approval from the appropriate department
chairpersons. Approval is based upon criteria developed by the department
and approved by the appropriate dean.
A student who does not meet these requirements will not be permitted to regis­
ter for upper level major courses and, during the next semester will be expected to
complete the necessary requirements for Advanced Standing by taking the ap­
propriate fundamental skills courses and/or repeating those courses in which D or
F grades were earned.
*Department may establish requirements beyond those listed above. Depart­
ments that have done so are identified below. Specific requirements should be
obtained from the departmental chairperson.
Business Administration
Modern Language
Communication
Nursing
Computer Science
Philosophy
Curriculum and Instruction
Physical Education
Economics
Physics
Mathematics
Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work
Course Levels. The following course numbering system is used: 100-199 are
freshman level courses; 200-299 are sophomore level courses; 300-399 are
junior level courses; 400-499 are senior level courses. Graduate courses are
numbered 500-800. With approval of the Dean, juniors and seniors having a
2.500 cumulative quality point average may enroll in 500-numbered courses.
Courses numbered above 600 are limited to graduate students.

30 — General Information

Academic Advisor. Academic advisors are assigned in the freshman year by
each school's freshman advisement coordinator. Students are reassigned aca­
demic advisors according to major during the sophomore year. Secondary
Education students are assigned academic advisors by the Department of Cur­
riculum and Instruction in consultation with the content area department. Un­
declared majors are assigned academic advisors by the Academic Advisement
Coordinator.
Change of Major. Forms for changing majors may be obtained in the offices of
the deans or registrar.
Policy on Absence. Slippery Rock University does not have a general policy on
student absence from class. The determination of individual class attendance
requirements and their enforcement rests with each individual instructor. Students
are expected to attend every class session of the course for which they are regis­
tered. Attendance may be required for approved classes or fleldtrips outside the
regular schedule if such activities are listed as required in a course description in
the catalog and course syllabus.
Attendance Expectations. Instructors are required to inform their students of
attendance requirements andofthe circumstances an d/or conditions underwhich
an absence will be excused. An instructor is to make some allowances for absence
occasioned by illness, by authorized activities for the university, and by religious
holidays. Arrangements to make up work because of class absence are a stu­
dent responsibility.
Grade Release Policy. Public Law 93-380(The Family Educational Rights and
Privacy Act of 1974) prohibits the release of educational records, other than to
certain defined exceptions, without the student's consent. One such exception is
Section 438 (b)( 1 )(H) which allows release of educational records to "Parents of
a dependent student, as defined in Section 152 of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1954."
Under the provisions of Section 438, the Registrar's Office will send grades to
parents. Students who are not dependents, meaning they are not so claimed by
their parents for income tax purposes, may have their grades withheld from their
parents by filing a request at the Registrar's Office that their grades are not to be
sent home.
Grading and Quality Point Conversion System. The following grading system
is used by the faculty:
A—Excellent
4 quality points
B—Good
3 quality points
C—Satisfactory
2 quality points
D—Poor
. 1 quality point
F—Failure
0 quality points
I—Incomplete
0 quality points
WP—Withdrawal Passing
0 quality points
WF—Withdrawal Failing
0 quality points
P—Pass
0 quality points
NC—No Credit
0 quality points
AU—Audit
0 quality points
W—Withdrawal
0/ vquality
.
v
^ u a u i v points
Quality Point Average. Quality points for a single course are calculated by mul­
tiplying the points assigned the letter grade (as above) by the number of semester
hours of the course. Total quality points are calculated by adding the quality
pomts earned in each course. The quality point average (QPA) is computed by
dividing the total quality points earned by the total number of credit hours
attempted exclusive of repeat courses. Grades earned in courses taken at other
colleges lor transfer are not computed in the quality point average at Slippery
Rock University. QPA equals Quality Points divided by Hours Attempted. '
n

General Information — 31

Repeat of Course. Students may improve their quality point average by re­
peating courses. The last grade earned is used in calculating the QPA. However,
all grades will appear on the transcript.
Incomplete Grades. The assignment of incomplete grades is the prerogative of
the individual faculty member and is granted when extenuating circumstances
prevent a student's completing the course requirements within the time period.
An incomplete grade is converted to a grade of "F" if the incomplete grade is not
resolved by the close of the next semester of attendance (not including sum­
mer school).
Pass-No Credit Grading System. In fulfilling graduation requirements, stu­
dents may schedule a maximum of 12 hours of pass-no credit in the sophomore,
junior and senior years. Students must select these courses at registration and
cannot change the pass-no credit designations after the first two weeks of the
semester. For these 12 hours, free elective courses in the General Education
block may be taken under pass-no credit. Some selected courses are not included
in the 12 hour limitation. Students may not take more than one pass-no credit
course during a semester.
Courses taken under the pass-no credit system are not used in computing the
QPA. Credit for such courses is recorded toward meeting the total credit require­
ments if the course is passed. A grade of No Credit (NC) will be recorded if the
course is failed.
Pass-no credit is not synonymous with "audit." In pass-no credit, all course
requirements must be met by the student.
Academic Probation. If the quality point average(QPA) for all courses attempted
at Slippery Rock University is less than a 2.0 (C) the student will be placed on
academic probation. The student may continue in school under conditions agreed
to by the student and the appropriate Academic Dean.
Academic Suspension
1. A student who earns a QPA of .000 (or is deficient 24 quality points) during
the first semester will be suspended.
2. After the first semester, a student who earns a QPA of less than 1.00 in any
semester will be suspended.
3. A student who is on academic probation for two consecutive semesters and
does not earn a 2.0 in the third semester will be suspended.
4. A student who is on probation two semesters and is deficient 12 quality
points will be suspended.
5. A student who is on probation three semesters and is deficient 6 quality
points will be suspended.
6. A student who is on probation four semesters and is deficient 3 quality points
will be suspended.
7. A student who has earned more than 95 credit hours and has a QPA of less
than 2.0 will be suspended.
Ordinarily, a first suspension is for a period of one semester and a second sus­
pension is for a period of one year.
Academic Dismissal. A student who has had two academic suspensions re­
corded on his/her official transcript and again qualifies for suspension will be dis­
missed from the University. This student may not be readmitted.
Appeal of Academic Suspension and Dismissal. A student may appeal the
actions of suspension and dismissal to the appropriate Academic Dean. The
Dean will appoint a review panel to consider the appeal.

32 — General Information

Readmission. A student who has interrupted attendance for any reason and
wants to resume studies at Slippery Rock University must apply tor readmission
to the appropriate dean (Dean of the College ot Arts and Sciences or Dean of the
College of Professional Studies) at least one month prior to the beginning of the
semester/term. The student who has been on academic suspension and is read­
mitted will be advised of the specific conditions of readmission by the dean.
CRFDIT EARNED AT ANOTHER COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY BY A
STUDENT WHILE ON ACADEMIC SUSPENSION OR PROBATION
MAY BE CONSIDERED FOR TRANSFER TO SLIPPERY ROCK UNI­
VERSITY FOR CREDIT TOWARD GRADUATION WITH PRIOR AP­
PROVAL O F THE APPROPRIATE DEAN.
Student Semester Hour Load. The number of credit hours a student may carry
is determined by the cumulative quality point average as follows:
— If the cumulative QPA is less than 2.000. the student is limited to 12 to 16
semester hours, inclusive of any repeat courses that are scheduled.
— If the cumulative QPA is 2.000 to 2.50. a maximum credit hour load of 18
is permitted.
— If the cumulative QPA is 2.50 or above, a maximum of 21 semester hours
is permitted. An additional fee is charged for each credit hour in excess
of 18.
- - Under certain conditions it is possible for students to take credit courses by
examination in a subject field. Further information is available in the office
of the dean.
Drop, Add, Withdrawal. Full semester courses may not be added after the first
week that the course has met. During the first three weeks of a semester, students
who withdraw from a class will receive a " W . " Students may withdraw from a
class after the third week but before the beginning of final examinations with a
grade o f ' W F " o r ' W P " . depending on their performance. A " W F " indicates
"withdrawal failing" and is treated as an " F " for purposes of calculating the
quality point average. Students taking "Fundamental Skills" courses in the
General Studies Program may not withdraw once enrolled.
Transient Student Status. Slippery Rock University students who plan to take
courses at another institution must receive written permission of their dean prior
to taking the courses. Students who have earned more than 67 semester hours
toward graduation may earn credits for transfer only at four-year, degree-granting
institutions.

General Information — 33

General Requirements for a Degree
1.

Scholarship Requirements. The requirements for graduation are:
—A minimum of 128 semester hours of credit.
—A minimum cumulative quality point average of 2.0.
—A minimum quality point average of 2.0 in the major field and/or in
teacher certification areas. A higher quality point average is required in
some majors.
2. Graduation Honors. To earn graduation honors, the following cumulative
QPA must be attained:
Summa Cum Laude
3.75 - 4.000
Magna Cum Laude
3.50 - 3.749
Cum Laude
3.25 - 3.499
Graduation honors do not apply to students earning a second baccalaureate
degree.
3. Degree in Residence. To qualify for graduation, a student must complete
the last 36 hours of credit for the bachelor's degree in residency at Slippery
Rock University. A student must be registered at SRU for the semester at the
close of which the degree is to be conferred.
4. Procedural Requirements for Obtaining a Degree. Students must make
formal application to the Registrar's Office prior to the semester/term in
which they expect to graduate. A diploma fee is payable at that time. Eli­
gible students should apply for a teaching certificate at the time they apply for
graduation. A certification fee is payable at the time of application. Students
who expect to teach in Pennsylvania must take a physical examination and a
chest X-ray or a tuberculin skin test during their senior year. Arrangements
must be made with the university infirmary at the beginning of the last semes­
ter of the senior year.
Dean's List The Dean's Scholarship List is published each semester. To attain
the Dean's List, a student must earn a quality point average of3.50orhigherfor at
least 12 graded semester hours.
Auditing Courses. Students desiring to audit courses must receive approval of
the advisor and the appropriate departmental chairperson. Normal registration
procedures must be completed. Audit course fees and credit fees are the same.
Senior Citizens. Senior citizens (persons receiving social security or equal
retirement benefits) may take courses at no cost at Slippery Rock University on a
space available basis. Senior citizens must provide proof of retirement, name,
address, and social security number in order to complete registration.
Withdrawal From the University. Students who withdraw from the university
must complete an official withdrawal form obtainable at the Registrar's office.
Regular charges will be assessed until the withdrawal notice is received by the
Office of Student Accounts.
Transcripts. Transcripts of a student's academic record may be obtained from
the Registrar's Office upon the written request by the student. Each copy costs
$2.00 and requests should include a check or money order made payable to the
Slippery Rock University. Transcripts are not released if a student has outstand­
ing financial obligations to the university.
Academic Complaints. Students who want to file a complaint related to their
academic performance should adhere to the following procedure. Contact must
first be made with the instructor. Barring resolution at the instructor level,
students are to contact the appropriate departmental chairperson, and the appro­
priate dean. Further appeal is to be directed to the Vice President for Aca­
demic Affairs.

34 — General Information

Cheating and Plagiarism. Academic dishonesty is considered a major violation
of the university s code of conduct and an offense against the university. Any stu­
dent charged with academic dishonesty will be dealt with by either the Coordina­
tor of Student Standards or the course instructor. If the instructor handles the
matter, the instructor is to inform the departmental chairperson of the problem
and its resolution. The departmental chairperson is to forward the information to
the appropriate dean who will then inform the Vice President for Academic
Affairs. If the instructor decides to refer the matter to the Office of Student Stan­
dards, the Coordinator of that office will begin institutional action by bringing the
case before the Academic Investigatory Committee. The student may face judi­
cial action as a result of the Committee's investigation.
Final Examinations. At the termination of each semester/term, all final examin­
ations are administered during the time stipulated in the examination schedule
which is printed in the Schedule of Classes. The decision to give a final examina­
tion is the prerogative of the faculty members but if a final examination is given, it
is to be administered according to the time as stipulated in the examination
schedule. Any exceptions to this policy must be approved by the appropriate
dean. The class will meet during the scheduled examination time if no examina­
tion is given.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 35

UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE
PROGRAMS
• General Studies
• An Overview
• Special Programs
• School of Education
• School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation
• School of Humanities and Fine Arts
• School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
• School of Social and Behavioral Sciences

36 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

GENERAL STUDIES
One of the purposes of the university is to provide students with a liberal educa­
tion designed to make them enlightened and informed citizens. Therefore, to give
greater breadth of learning and liberal arts philosophy, the university requires all
students to take 60 credit hours of general studies, regardless of their major. In
consultation with their advisors, students should make every effort to complete
the skill courses during their freshman year and to elect courses for the group
category areas of the general studies outlined during their freshman and sopho­
more years.

GENERAL STUDIES CURRICULUM
Group I

Hours

Basic Skills
Fundamental Skills
English 100 (by advisement only)
Curriculum & Instruction 100 (by advisement only)
*English 101
•English 103
•Mathematics 101
•Communication 200
Physical Education 141 and one additional 1 semester
hour course

^
0-12**
3

3
3

(0)
3 (0)
3

-

•Through testing, students may be exempted from these courses.
**Credits beyond 12 that are earned in the Fundamental Skills area will be in
excess of the 128 needed for graduation.
Group II
Humanities and Fine Arts (four courses in three departments)
Art
Music
English
Philosophy
Communication
Theatre
•Modern Languages

12

*Proficiency at the 103 level of a modern language or the equivalent is requirea
for the Bachelor ofArts degree. Exemption by placement is possible. The mod­
ern language courses used to satisfy the Bachelor of Arts degree requirement
may not be used in the Humanities and Fine Arts area.
Group III
Social and Behavioral Sciences (five
Geography & Environmental
Studies
History
Economics and Finance
Management and Marketing
Accounting

s in four departments)
Political Science
Public Administration
Psychology
Sociology, Anthropology.
Social Work

15

Undergraduate Degree Programs —37

Group IV*
Natural Sciences and Mathematics (four courses in three departments) 12-13
Biology
Geology
Chemistry
Mathematics
Computer Science
Physics
*A course containing a laboratory whether or not it carries a separate credit
is required.
Group V
Electives
6-19
Any course approved for General Studies offered by any department in the
university, excluding major department courses, is identified in the master
schedule and in this catalog by an asterisk (*).
The Basic Skills. The skills of writing, reading, communication, and mathematics
are of paramount importance to success in college. The faculty at Slippery Rock
University has determined that each student, beginning with the first year of
enrollment, will demonstrate proficiency in each of these areas to enhance the
potential for a meaningful academic experience. Courses are offered in each of
these areas to allow students the opportunity to become proficient. All new
students will be evaluated in the skills areas so that advisors will be more know­
ledgeable in placing students in courses most appropriate with their level of
achievement. As a result of this evaluation, some students may be exempt from
all or some of the fundamental skills courses. All F undamental Skills courses will
be graded as A. B. C, or No Credit and will be governed by the "Continuous
Registration Procedure."
A. Fundamental Skills Courses (Maximum 12 credits counted toward gradu­
ation)
1. English
0-9 credits
The student will be exempt or placed into one of the English courses
listed below based upon skill as demonstrated in a writing sample.
The student must satisfactorily complete that course and any other in
the sequence having a higher number.
English 100, Basic English Skills
3 credits
English 101,College Writing I
3 credits
English 103,College Writing II
3 credits
2. Communication
0-3 credits
The student will be exempt or placed into Communication 200, Pub­
lic Speaking
3. Mathematics
:
.. 0 - 3 credits
The student will be exempt or placed into Mathematics 101, Basic
Mathematics.
4. Reading-Study Skills
0-3 credits
The student will be exempt or placed into Culn 100, Reading Study
Skills Improvement
B. Physical Activity Skills (2 credits maximum in skills block)
The skills developed in the physical education activity courses are intended
to serve the student in the pursuit of an active lifestyle during college and
beyond. Two one-semester hour courses are required, including Physical
Education 141. Personal Physical Fitness. Additional courses may be
taken as electives.

38 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Continuous Registration Procedure. The courses designated as"Fundamental
Skills" courses are subject to continuous registration. Each student, during the
first semester of enrollment, will be placed into the appropriate course in each
skills area. If the course requirements are satisfactorily met, the student will
receive a grade of A, B, or C. If the expectations are not met, the student will
receive a "NC" (No Credit) and will repeat the course the following semester. If
on the second attempt of the same course the student has not met the expectations,
a grade of "F" will be posted to the permanent record.

University Honors Program
This is a special honors program for those students who strive for academic
excellence in addition to excellence in their majors. The courses are separate
from those in a major and may replace many general studies courses. However,
the honors courses may accompany a major in any department. A small groupof
faculty will work closely with honors students to teach and encourage individual
development during their college years. Transcripts will designate General
Honors Program for those students completing the honors curriculum. To enter,
freshmen require a combination of demonstrated achievement and strong recom­
mendations; transfer students additionally need at least a 3.5 academic average.
Honors Curriculum
Freshman Yean Sharpening academic skills
Expository Writing (3 credits)
Principles of Reasoning or Advanced Mathematics (3 credits)
Colloquium: Group Organization (1 credit)
Colloquium: Creativity (1 credit)
Sophomore Yean Understanding mind, body, and self
Life/Human Science (3 credits)
History of Ideas (3 credits)
Colloquium: Special Topics (2 credits)
Junior Yean Exploring social complexity
Language, Thought, Action (3 credits)
The Human Environment (3 credits)
Colloquium: Special Topics (2 credits)
Senior Yean Integrating the educational experience
Honors Projects (3-6 credits)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 39

UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE
PROGRAMS—AN OVERVIEW
At Slippery Rock, students may study for a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Bachelor of
Arts. Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Science in Education, Bachelor of Science
in Business Administration. Bachelor of Science in Nursing or Bachelor of Music
degrees. Majors are offered through five schools. A list of the schools and the
majors offered follows. Students may get more detailed information on each
major either in the Special Programs section or in the individual school descrip­
tions on succeeding pages.

School of Education
Majors in:

• Elementary Education
• Library Science
• Music Education

• Secondary Education
• Special Education

School of Health, Physical
Education and Recreation
Majors in:

• Administration of
Occupational Health and
Safety Management
• Environmental Education
• Health Science

Health and Physical
Education
Nursing
Parks and Recreation/
Environmental Education

40 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

School of Humanities
and Fine Arts
Majors in:

Art
Communication
English
Modern Languages
Music

Music Education
Music Therapy
Philosophy
Theatre

School of Natural Sciences
and Mathematics
Majors in:

•
•
•
•

Biology
Chemistry
Computer Science
Environmental Science

•
•
•
•

Geology
Mathematics
Medical Technology
Physics

School of Social and
Behavioral Sciences
Majors in:

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Accounting
Economics
Environmental Studies
Finance
Geography
History
International Business
Management

Marketing
Political Science
Psychology
Public Administration
Rural & Ubran Studies
Social Work
Sociology and
Anthropology

Second Baccalaureate Degree. If students meet all requirements for a degree in
one area and would like to pursue a second degree in another area, they may
do so by:
— taking a minimum of 36 semester hours at SRU beyond the first bac­
calaureate degree;
— meeting departmental requirements for the degree in respect to the required
semester hours and courses for a major in that department; and
— meeting degree requirements in respect to courses required for the re­
quested degree.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 41

SPECIAL PROGRAMS
Slippery Rock has a number of areas of study that are considered "Special
Programs."
Some of these areinterdisciplinary degree programs that permit students to get
a major in an area that combines related courses from several departments. These
include applied science, environmental studies, environmental science, and rural/
urban studies.
Some of the special programs arepre-professional. They give students a solid
basic background for further specialized study in a professional area. These
include pre-engineering, pre-law, pre-medical, pre-dental, pre-veterinary, prephysical therapy, pre-medical record science, and pre-optometry.
A third type of special program includes those where students may concentrate
in a specific area of interest. While these do not constitute a major, students may
get a strong minor which may expand their career opportunities. They include
marine science, gerontology, and women's studies.
Other special programs include the Summer Sessions, Study Abroad Pro­
grams, University Enrichment Program, Internships. Air Force ROTC Aero­
space Studies, Army ROTC, and Project Ahead.

Applied Science
The Bachelor of Science in Applied Science (B.S. A. S.) degree is designed for
the student who has already earned an Associate degree (either an Associate in
Science or Associate in Applied Science) from an accredited two-year institu­
tion. The associate degree program must include a technical (applied science)
major of at least 35 semester hours. A maximum of 67 semester hours completed
at a two-year institution may transfer to Slippery Rock University.
The requirement of an associate degree certifies the adequacy and complete­
ness of the technical training and clearly defines the B.S.A.S. as a transfer pro­
gram. Once accepted as a candidate for the Bachelor of Science in Applied
Science, the student must complete the following requirements.
1. Earn a total minimum of 128 semester hours.
2. Complete the full Slippery Rock University general education requirements.
3. Complete the 12 semester hours professional block designed to prepare the
student to assume leadership roles. These courses are as follows:
Comm 315:
Econ 350:
Phil 333:
Psyc 310:

Organizational Communication
Principles of Management
Philosophy and Alternative Futures
Organization and Management

3 sem. hrs.
3 sem. hrs.
3 sem. hrs.
3 sem. hrs.

Prerequisite for the above courses include Psyc 110: Principles of Behavior
and Math 120: Intermediate Algebra.
Questions regarding the Bachelor of Science in Applied Science should be
directed to the office of the Assistant Dean. Graduate and Special Academic
Programs.

42 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Environmental Programs
Students at Slippery Rock have the option of working toward a Bachelor of
Science degree in Environmental Studies or Environmental Science or a Bachelor
of Science in Education in Environmental Education. The Bachelor of Science
degree may be earned by taking course work in either of two different programs,
one administered by the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies,
the other by the School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics. The B.S.Ed, is
administered by the Department of Parks and Recreation.
Environmental Studies. This program is directed by the Department of Geo­
graphy and Environmental Studies. Students are introduced to environmental
problems confronting contemporary society and examine these problems from
various disciplinary points of view. An important goal of the program is to give
students a balanced understanding of the relationships that exist between social/
behavioral and environmental systems.
Students in Environmental Studies are required to take a variety of courses in
both the social and natural sciences. Elective courses within the program permit
students to pursue their individual interests in greater depth. Students majoring in
Environmental Studies will examine environmental problems in both their physi­
cal and geographic context and will relate them to historical, psychological,
political and economic conditions. Toward the end of their studies, students,
under the guidance of a selected professor, identify a research problem of their
choice, gather and analyze data, and prepare a formal paper on the topic.
It is suggested that students intending to enter the Environmental Studies Pro­
gram contact the coordinator as soon as possible for the assignment of an academic
advisor to assist in the scheduling of individual courses and in advising on career
plans and other matters.
I. General Studies Program (60 sem. hours). General studies courses are dis­
tributed among various schools and departments of the university. They
should be begun during the freshman year.
II. Social Science Core Courses for Environmental Studies (18 sem. hours).
The following courses are all required courses in the program.
Geog 135—Environmental Problems
Psyc 189—Environmental Psychology
Econ 205—Environmental Economics
PolS 324—Politics of Ecology
PkRc 340—Environmental Resource Analysis
His 445—U.S. Environmental Thought
III. Natural Science Core Courses (9 sem. hours). Students select three of the
following courses.
Biol 105—Environmental Biology
Chem 105—Contemporary Chemistry
Geol 141—Environmental Geology
Phys 204—Environmental Biophysics

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 43

IV. Elective Courses for Environmental Studies (12 sem. hours). Students are
required to select four courses from the following list.
Biol 207—Land Plants
Biol 208—Wildlife Management
Geog 150—Physical Geography
Geog 235—Conservation
Geog 304—Rural and Urban Planning
Geog 331 —Economic Geography
Geog 401 — Urban and Regional Systems
Geol 321—Aerial Photo Interpretation
PkRc 440—Open Space Planning
PkRc 460—Resource Policy Administration
PolS 200—State and Local Government
V. Research Skills (6 sem. hours)
VI. Required Research Courses (5 sem. hours). These are the final courses
required in the program. They are structured in an organized sequence, and
the first course. Environmental Science 380. should be taken during the
student's junior year.
Env. Sci. 380—Seminar in Environmental Science (1 hour)
Env. Sci. 385—Research Methods in Env. Science (1 hour)
Env. Sci. 480—Final Field Problem in Env. Science (3 hours)
Interested students may contact the Coordinator of the Environmental Studies
Program through the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies.
Environmental Sciences. Directed by the School of Natural Sciences and
Mathematics, this program trains students in the areas of air pollution, detection
and control; the biological, geological, physical, chemical and radiological aspects
of water pollution and its control: and the geochemical and mineral analyses of
soil and sediments. The main goal of the program is to prepare students for
occupations with state and federal agencies charged with monitoring the environ­
ment. industrial laboratories concerned with air and water pollution control, as
well as with engineering firms which study industrial pollution and prepare
environmental impact statements. Students in Environmental Sciences are
required to take a variety of courses in biology, chemistry, geology, and computer
sciences. Elective courses enable the student to pursue individual interests in the
social sciences, as well as in-depth areas of the natural sciences. Students major­
ing in Environmental Sciences will be thoroughly trained in the laboratory and
field techniques of environmental monitoring and will operate all of the equip­
ment currently being used in laboratory and field investigation. Toward the end of
their studies, the students will identify an environmental problem, conduct library
research and collect and analyze data for the preparation of a formal paper on
the topic.

4

44 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

It is suggested that students intending to enter the Environmental Studies Pro­
gram contact the coordinator as soon as possible for the assignment of an academic
advisor who will assist in the scheduling of individual courses and in career plan­
ning and other matters.
I. General Studies Program (60 sem. hours). General studies courses are dis­
tributed among various schools and departments of the university. They
should be begun during the freshman year.
II. Major Courses for Environmental Science (elect 26 hours or more of the
following)
Biol 304—Applied Microbiology
Biol 305—Aquatic Plants
Biol 306—Aquatic Animals
Chem 240—Industrial Hygiene
Chem 270—Industrial Chemistry
Chem/Geol 340—Air Pollution
Chem 370—Water Pollution
Chem 430—Industrial Pollution Control Engineering
Geol 360—Water Resources
Geol 451—Environmental Geochemistry
III. Related Courses (21 sem. hours). Students must take the following re­
lated courses:
Biol 210—Medical Microbiology
Chem 107/111—General Chemistry I and Lab
Chem 108/114—General Chemistry II and Lab
Geol 200—Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry
Geol 121—Meteorology
Geol 201—Earth Materials
IV. Suggested Elective Courses for Environmental Sciences.
Econ 175—Environmental Economics
Geog 135—Environmental Problems
Geog 235—Resource Conservation
Hist 445—U.S. Environmental Thoughts
HSE 310—Community Environmental Health Problems
PolS 324—Politics of Ecology
Psyc 189—Environmental Psychology
V. Research Skills (6 sem. hours). Computer Language or equivalent.
VI. Required Research Courses(3 sem. hours). This is the final course required
in the program.
Env Sci 480—Environmental Systems Analysis (3 hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 45

Interested students may contact the Coordinator of the Environmental Studies
Program through the Dean's Office, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. For informa­
tion on the Bachelor of Science in Education in Environmental Education,
students may consult the Parks and Recreation section of this catalog or contact
the Department of Parks and Recreation.

Rural/Urban Studies
Today there is a definite need for college graduates who have a basic under­
standing of rural/urban areas and who are equipped with some of the analytical
and communication skills that are necessary for helping to meet the challenges of
life in these areas. The Rural/Urban Studies Program has three basic objectives:
(1) to provide the state and nation with educated men and women who have the
ability to think analytically and to express themselves clearly; (2) to give students
abroad interdisciplinary understandingof rural/urban areas; and (3) to teach cer­
tain basic analytical and communicative skills that will be helpful in securing
employment with various local, regional, state and federal agencies or private
firms involved with meeting the physical, social and economic needs of rural
areas, towns, and smaller cities. Specific information on the Rural/Urban Studies
Program may be obtained by contacting the Department of Geography & En­
vironmental Studies.

46 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Marine Science
Marine Biology, Marine Ecology, Marine Geology and Geophysics, Chemi­
cal Oceanography, and Physical Oceanography are career areas that are best
approached through an undergraduate major in either one of the basic sciences
(biology, chemistry, geology or physics) or through mathematics. Slippery Rock,
through its membership in the Marine Science Consortium, offers students in­
terested in ocean-related phenomena an opportunity to pursue that interest
through a series of summer courses offered at the Wallops Island Marine Science
Center, near the Atlantic Ocean in the Virginia eastern shore region. Five threeweek sessions are offered each summer.
Students interested in marine studies will pursue on campus a major in one of
the natural sciences or mathematics, augmenting their studies with summer cour­
ses at the W.I. Marine Science Center. The number of summer courses taken will
depend on the students' interests and the majors they pursue on campus. In­
dividual programs may be tailored in consultation with an advisor.
The Marine Science Consortium pools the talents and resources of 17 colleges
and universities in the eastern United States. Classrooms, wet and dry labor­
atories. workshops, docking facilities, dormitories, apartments, cafeterias and
recreational facilities are available at the Wallops Station. Several research and
training vessels are available for work in the Atlantic Ocean and the Chesa­
peake Bay.
Some courses offered at the Marine Science Center may be applied to the
general education requirement in the natural sciences so that any Slippery Rock
student, regardless of major, may take advantage of a first-hand experience in the
marine environment. Advisement from one of the Slippery Rock directors of the
Consortium is recommended for any student using Marine Science Consortium
courses to fulfill the general education requirement in science. Students should
contact the Dean's Office, College of Arts & Sciences, for names of the ad­
visors.
Senior and graduate science education majors and teachers will find the
Environmental Science Education course, MarSci 540, particularly useful. The
following courses are frequently offered at the field station. Additional special
topics courses are offered each summer.
MarSci 110: I ntroduction to Oceanography — An introductory course designed to introduce students
from diverse backgrounds to the physical, chemical, biological and geological aspects ol the oceans and
to the methods and techniques of this rapidly expanding field. Emphasis is on lab and at-sea assignments
which focus on the students' attention to the interrelationship and unit of oceanography, and its relation
to other environmental sciences. (3 sem. hours)*
MarSci 211: Field Methods in Oceanography — A course to familiarize students with the dynamic
marine environment and field work on board small research vessels, to instruct in the use and application
of standard oceanographic instruments and sampling devices: to promote and encourage independent
research through the initial stagesof scientific project. Prerequisite: MarSci 1 lOorconsent ol instructor.
(3 sem. hours)
MarSci 212: Navigation — This course will cover navigation, i.e.. the art and science of safely bringing
a vessel from one position to another in a body of water. The course will be divided into three parts: (11
brief historical background. (2) navigation within sight of land. i.e.. piloting: (3) navigation in the open
sea. includingelectronic navigation methods. Prerequisite: Four yearsof high school math or equivalent
or consent of instructor (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 221: Marine Invertebrates — A study of the invertebrate phyla with emphasis on development,
reproduction, structure, function and classification of selected marine organisms. Laboratory field
experience will be given in collection, preservation and classification of the phyla. Prerequisite: one year
biology or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs —47

MarSci 241: Marine Biology — A study of plant and animal life in the marine environment. Emphasis
will be on physical and chemical environmental factors affecting the biota in the intertidal. open water,
and benthic habitats. Common biota characteristics of each habitat will be investigated in terms of their
natural history, morphology, and ecological relationship. Prerequisite: one semester of biology or con­
sent of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)*
MarSci 250: Wetlands Ecology— The ecology and management of wetland wildlife with emphasis on
the management of wetlands as ecological systems. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 260: Marine Ecology — A study of the ecology of marine organisms, the relationship of plants
and animals to physical, chemical and biological factors and their zonation and communities. Prere­
quisite: one year of biology or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)*
MarSci 280: Field Biology — An introduction to basic principles of ecology and natural history of
selected plants and animals in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments. Course is suitable for
non-science majors. (3 sem. hours)*
MarSci 298: Topics in Marine Science for Undergraduate — An opportunity for intensive study as a
specific topic of interest. Course duration from 1 to 3 weeks. Prerequisite: Variable, dependingon topic.
(1-3 sem. hours)
MarSci 331: Chemical Oceanography — Treatment of a wide range of oceanic chemical phenomena,
including salinity and age of the oceans, sources and residence times of chemical constituents in
seawater. geochemical cycles of mineral resources and trace elements. Sampling and laboratory
analysis techniques. Prerequisite: MarSci 110 and one year of chemistry or consent of instructor. (3
sem. hours)
MarSci 342: Marine Botany — A study of marine and marine fringe plants of the Middle Atlantic
Coast, their taxonomy, ecology, distribution, life histories, physiology, and economic status. Techni­
ques of collecting, preserving, identifying and herbarium cataloging will be stressed. Exercise in plant
ecology, deep core pollen analysis and marine microbiology will be included. Prerequisite: a course in
general biology and/or one semester of botany or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 343: Marine Ichthyology — A study of the fishes. Specimens collected along the Eastern
Seaboard by the students will be used to illustrate the anatomy, physiology and systematics of this major
vertebrate group. Field collections will also give the students the opportunity to observe the relationships
of these animals to their biotic and physical environment. Prerequisite: general biology and/or consent of
instructor. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 344: Anatomy of Marine Chordates— A course designed to familiarize the students with the
qualitative aspects of the speciation process: to lay ground work for understanding the basic and
specialized structure of marine chordates: to trace the most obvious or important trends (and their
functional significance) in the evolution of this basic structure in various vertebrate lines. The labor­
atories will be devoted in large to a reasonably thorough dissection of representative marine vertebrates
particularly those collected live on field trips. Prerequisite: six semester hours of biology including
general zoology. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 345: Ornithology — Introduces the student to avian fauna of the seacoast and at the same time
enables comparison with inland species. In addition to the field work providing visual and coal identifica­
tion. lecture material will include information on the distribution, behavior, physiology, and anatomy of
birds. Prerequisite: one year of biology or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 362: Marine Geology — Structure and sedimentology of the ocean basins and shores; methods
of exploration, general feature of the ocean basics, and theory of ocean basic evolution. Prerequisite:
MarSci 110 and one semester of geology or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 420: Marine Micropaleontology — Designated for students majoring in either biological or
geological sciences, the course will deal with modem, living representatives of micro-organisms impor­
tant in the fossil record. Particular emphasis will be on the taxonomy, morphology, evolution and
ecologic affinities of the foraminifera (Sarcodina) but other groups, including the Radiolaria. Diatoms
and Ostracoda, will also be considered. Laboratory and field aspects will include samplecollecting, pre­
paration and analysis. Prerequisite: one year of geology or biology or consent of instructor. (3
sem. hours)

48 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
MarSci 458: Exploration Methods in Marine Ecology — A study of geophysical and geoiog.iinstruments and techniques used to penetrate the water layer obscuring the ocean bottom topography a- - —
geology and the resultsof some of that effort. Emphasis is on laboratory and field assignments using na=ic
geophysical and geological instruments. The student is introduced to the use. limitations and results ot
these instruments. Prerequisite: physical geology and one year of math or consent of instructor sem. hours)
MarSci 459: Coastal Geomorphology — A study of coastal environments with an emphasis on
understanding the interrelationship among land forms, processes and materials. The student will par­
ticipate in field studies conducted along high and low wave energy environments. Prerequisite: one year
of geology or physical geography (landforms) or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 500: Problems in Marine Science — Graduate or undergraduate students with advanced
registering in Problems may complete the course requirements by either of the following options: Opt ton
A—The student may elect to take a 200.300. or400-level course in which he/she desires advanced work
and complete, in addition to the regular course requirements, an approved project in the area under the
direction of the instructor: Option B—Independent Research Project. In order to be admitted to Option
B. a student must submit a research proposal tothe Academic Committeeof the Marine Science Consor­
tium. The proposal must include the scope and duration of the proposed research, equipment and
facilities required and a recommendation and approval from the academic advisor at the parent institu­
tion. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 530: Coastal Sedimentation — Study of depositional environments of marine-dominated
shorelines; their processes, sediments, sedimentary facies, models for recognizing ancient counterpart;,
in rock, record, and growth and development of barrier island-tidal deltas. Prerequisite: introductor;,
course in sedimentation or marine geology or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 540: Environmental Science Education — A field-oriented approach to environmental educa­
tion with special emphasis on coastal zones. Students will relate their own disciplines to education for
quality environments. Consideration will be given to sources, facilities, methods, techniques and con­
cepts used in environmental education. (3 sem. hours)
MarSci 598: Topics in Marine Science forGraduates — An opportunity of intensive study in a specific
topic of interest. Course duration from 1 to 3 weeks. Prerequisite: Variable, depending on topic, i 1-3
sem. hours)

Pre-Professional Programs
Pre-Law. Nearly all law schools require a college degree from an accredited
school as a condition for admission. All law school programs are at least three
years in length with four years as the usual time to complete a part-time orevening
school program. Most law schools have no requirements for apre-law curriculum
and students should feel free to develop an educational program that is both broad
and liberal in the classic sense. The emphasis should be on an educational pro­
gram, one with objectives and purposes, that meets students' needs and interests.
If a program is interesting and challenging, students very likely will do their best
work and their undergraduate record will reflect the effort. Legal educators agree
that the development of skills and habits conducive to legal reasoning is more
important than subject matter. The students' college courses should be geared,
therefore, to the development of:
— a broad cultural background,
— habits of thoroughness, intellectual curiosity and scholarship,
— the ability to organize materials and communicate the results, and
— verbal skills.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 49

Courses in literature, language, speech, composition, logic, and semantics are
directly concerned with the cultivation of necessary skills. A well-taught course
in any department will serve the same objectives if it offers:
— a variety of reading assignments selected from well-written sources — a large
volume of well-directed class discussion, and,
— ample opportunity to prepare and criticize written and oral reports.
The following subjects are recommended: English language and literature,
political science, American government, economics, American history, mathe­
matics, English history, Latin, logic and scientific method, philosophy, account­
ing, and public speaking.
Students planning careers in law should contact schools in which they are
interested for information about admission to the school and to the bar of Penn­
sylvania (or other state). A prelaw Advisory Committee counsels students on
selection and admission to law schools and helps prepare recommendations for
Slippery Rock students. All prelaw students should contact the Committee for
counsel early in their undergraduate program. For more information, the student
should contact the Political Science Department, Spotts World Culture Building,
Room 209.
Pre-Medical, Pre-Dental, Pre-Veterinary, Pre-Optometry and Pre-Podiatry.
Students interested in these preprofessional programs are requested to contact
the chairperson of the Department of Biology for referral to the chairperson of the
Preprofessional Advisory Committee. This committee is responsible for assisting
these students in the proper selection of undergraduate courses, making applica­
tion for appropriate aptitude tests, and applying to professional schools. These
professional schools do not generally indicate a preference for a particular major;
however, they do encourage students to have a liberal arts background with an
ability to communicate and a strong concentration in the sciences. Students are
advised to take at least one year of biology coursework, two years of chemistry
(two semesters of general chemistry and two semesters of organic chemistry), one
year of physics, and mathematics through calculus.
Pre-Engineering. In a cooperative program with the Pennsylvania State Univer­
sity, the pre-engineering student undertakes a three-year curriculum in general
education and natural sciences (physics, mathematics, chemistry, geology) at
Slippery Rock and a two-year technical curriculum at Penn State. A student
recommended for transfer by the Slippery Rock Physics Department will be able
to enter any one of the following areas of study:
Aerospace Engineering
Environmental Engineering
Agricultural Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Ceramic Science
Mechanical Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Metallurgy
Civil Engineering
Mining Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Nuclear Engineering
Engineering Science
Petroleum & Natural Gas Engineering
A similar program has been implemented between Slippery Rock and the
University of Pittsburgh.

50 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

The students must meet minimum grade point averages as established by
individual departments at Pennsylvania State University or the University of
Pittsburgh. The purpose of the pre-engineering program is two-fold: (1) It
enables the students to obtain a liberal education (BA from SRU) as well as a
degree in engineering (BS from Penn State or Pitt); (2) The students can make up
any deficiencies in their background through individualized attention and gain
confidence in their ability. The general education program also permits students
to determine whether their interests lie in engineeringor in another discipline. For
more information on the program, students should contact the Physics Depart­
ment. The program outline includes:
Biol 101 or 105 ( no lab)
3 credits
Computer Science 161
3 credits
Chem 108, 109, 111, 112
8 credits
Math 225, 230, 231, 301, 309
18 credits
(a) Phys 211,212, 213, 361, 331
18 credits
Engineering 314, 315
6 credits
(b) Engineering graphics Phys 140, 141
3 credits
English 101, 103
6 credits
Communication 200
3 credits
Physical Education
2 credits
Humanities
12 credits
(c) Social Sciences
12 credits
(d) Pre-engineering tools or language
8-11 credits
Language courses 101 and/or 102
Scientific Technical Writing, Engl 205 (prerequisite: Engl 103)
Computer Programming Language, CpSc 160, 161 or 162 or 261 or 275
Determinants and matrices, Math 122
Numerical Mathematics, Math 315
Mathematical Statistics, Math 307
Electronics, Phys 360, 320 or 330 (recommended for E.E. students)
Physics Synthesis. Phys 400
Independent Study; restricted to topics in physics and computer science.
Notes: (a) 361 is not required for agricultural, chemical, mechanical and civil
engineering students. The agricultural, mechanical and civil engineering students
will choose an alternate course from the list of engineering electives if Physics 361
is not taken. The alternate will not be counted in the elective block, (b) Engineer­
ing graphics may betaken by correspondence from Penn State, (c) An economics
course is required at Penn State and may be taken at Slippery Rock, (d) Language
courses are optional, but may be taken in lieu of pre-engineering courses.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 51

Paramedical Programs
The School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics offers preparatory training
for the fields of medical technology, cytotechnology, perfusion technology, and
physical therapy.
Medical Technology. Slippery Rock's medical technology program involves
three academic years of study on campus and one calendar year at an approved,
affiliated school of medical technology or one acceptable to SRU. The university
is currently affiliated with several hospitals which offer medical technology train­
ing. (These are listed at the back of this catalog, following the faculty listing.)
During the first three years of the program the student must complete 98 semester
hours under the guidance of the Medical Technology Committee. After the
sophomore year, the student applies for admission to a school of medical technol­
ogy where acceptance is on a competitive basis. Thirty semester hours are ac­
cepted by the university upon completion of this internship year, resulting in a
total of 128 hours. Successful completion of the program results in the awarding
of a Bachelor of Science degree in Medical Technology, with certification as a
medical technologist obtained by passing the registry examination of the American
Society of Clinical Pathologists and/or the Clinical Laboratory Scientist exami­
nation of the National Certification Agency for Medical Laboratory Personnel.
Because of the nature of the medical technology curriculum, transfer students are
strongly urged to earn 64 credit hours at Slippery Rock University.
Cytotechnology. This is a 3 plus 1 program in which the student would spend
three years in course work on the Slippery Rock University campus and one year
(12 months) in clinical and didactic study at an AMA accredited hospital school
of cytotechnology. During the three years on campus the student would earn a
minimum of 98 semester hours credit. Upon the successful completion of the
clinical 12 months, the university would accept 30 semester hours of transfer
credit. The total 128 semester hours would qualify the student for the degree B.A.
in Biology (specialization in Cytotechnology).
Perfusion Technology. This is a 3 plus 1 or 2 program in which the student would
spend three years on the SRU campus and 1-2 years in an accredited hospital
school of perfusion technology. During the three years on campus the student
would earn a minimum of 98 semester hours of credit. Upon successful comple­
tion of the clinical experience the university would accept 30 semester hours of
transfer credit. The total 128 semester hours would qualify the student for the
degree B.S. in Biology (specialization in Perfusion Technology).
Physical Therapy. A student interested in attending a school of physical therapy
may prepare for either a degree or certificate program through advisement by the
Biology Department.

52 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Gerontology Program
Gerontology is an interdisciplinary study of aging and the aging process. The
Gerontology Program is designed to enhance the understanding of aging and
enrich interactions among generations. The program is a valuable adjunct for
those preparing to work directly with, or indirectly for, older persons. The pro­
gram is open to students in any major. The student may select to complete the
requirements for a Document of Academic Achievement in Gerontology or a
Gerontology Minor.
Document of Academic Achievement: With the assistance of an advisor
from the Gerontology Committee, the student will select four 3-credit courses
approved for the Gerontology Program and culminate her/his studies with a 3credit internship related to her/his area of interest.
Gerontology Minor The student must take a total of five 3-credit courses as
well as a 3-12 credit internship related to major area of interest and involving the
elderly unless they have taken such an internship in their major. Of the five
required courses, one must be Basic Gerontology (INDS 265), at least one
course from health/science area and one course from the psychological/socio­
logical area.
A student wishing to enter the Gerontology Program must have completed at
least 28 credits and have a quality point average of 2.5 or better. An application
form requiring the advisor's signature should be submitted as soon as the student
is eligible. The student should also notify the Gerontology Office when they have
completed all of the requirements.
The following courses are now approved:
INDS 265
Basic Gerontology
INDS 450/650
Gerontology Internship
INDS 465/665
Seminar in Gerontology
HSE 202
Nutrition and Health
PE 235
Human Movement for Special Populations
PE 276
Physiological Aspects of Aging and
Human Performance
SASW 344
Sociology of Aging
Psyc 365
Psychology of Aging
HSE 414
Death and Dying
PkRc 420
Recreation and the Aging Process
— 450
Internship
— 490
Independent Study
CEdP 504
Counseling and the Aging
Psyc 665
Psychology of Aging

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 53

Advisement
Students planning to complete the program in gerontology will declare a major
within a department. Major responsibility for advisement will rest within this
department. If the department has a representative on the Gerontology Commit­
tee. every effort will be made to assign that person as the student's advisor. In
other cases, the coordinator of the Gerontology Program will appoint someone on
the committee. Students will still be responsible to their departments for fulfilling
the requirements for graduation.
***For information concerning the Gerontology Program, please contact:
Coordinator. Gerontology Program
Room 206. Strain Behavioral Science Bldg.
Phone: (412)794-7731

Gerontology Courses
INDS 265: Basic Gerontology — Introduction to the interdisciplinary study of gerontology as a social,
behavioral and biological science. A prerequisite to department courses in gerontology and aging. Prere­
quisites: None(Psyc 1 10 and SASW 201 recommended). (3 sem. hours)*
INDS 450/650: Gerontology Internship — Individually designed experiential learning intended to
provide the student with an opportunity for observation and participation in a wide range of gerontologi­
cal activities in an approved institution or agency setting. Prerequisites: Nine hours of approved geron­
tology coursework or permission of the Gerontology Coordinator. (3-12 sem. hours)
INDS 465/665: Seminar in Gerontology — An interdisciplinary investigation of selected facets of
gerontology. Course content is drawn from the biological, behavioral, and social sciences, and will
include a consideration of current issues in such areas as mental health, housing, economics, transporta
lion, preventive health programs, long-term care, and leisure/work activities. Basic Gerontology or
equivalent work experience is a prerequisite: additional course work in gerontology is desirable.' (3
sem hours)

54 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Women's Studies
The Women's Studies Program is a multidisciplinary approach to teaching and
learning. Its intent is to correct the focus of the academic establishment that has
traditionally ignored, minimized, or excluded the work of women in most branches
of knowledge and areas of experience. Its positive approach is a reassessment of
learning and culture, and its goal is the assimilation of the best efforts of women
into an integrated and equitable society. Currently students may earn a minor in
Women's Studies at Slippery Rock University. In order to satisfy the require­
ments for the minor, students need to maintain a QPA of 2.00 or better, select two
courses numbered at the 300 level or above, and earn fifteen credit hours selected
from the following courses:
Engl 243:
Literature of the Women's Movement
PE 275:
Women in Sport
Psyc 300:
Psychology of Women
Hist 325:
History of Women
Fren 335:
Women in French Literature
PubA 333:
Women/Men in Organization
SASW 399:
Sex Roles and Society
Hist 420:
Women's Studies Synthesis
Any Dept. 450:
Internship (relative to Women's Studies)
Any Dept. 490:
Independent Study (aspect of Women's Studies)
In addition, more courses may be added to the minor in future semesters ifsuffi­
cient demand is demonstrated. The Program is not intended to replace one's
major, but rather to strengthen one's undergraduate preparation through a con­
centration on various aspects of Women's Studies.
More information or applications for the completion of the Program may be
secured from the Chairperson, Women's Studies Committee, Slippery Rock
University. Phone: (412)794-7219.

Human Inquiry
Human Inquiry is a two semester sequence in which the student is introduced to
the four basic methods of inquiry: the empirical; the abstract rational; the statisti­
cal; and the interpretive or intuitional/symbolical. Each method is applied to
relevant content as related to the physical and social sciences, mathematics,
music, and the humanities. In addition, the student is introduced to the origins,
purposes, and evolution of the university and to a variety of special emphasis
ranging from holistic personal development to future studies.

Summer Sessions
Summer Sessions at Slippery Rock are scheduled over a twelve-week period as
follows: Pre-Session(3 wks), Session I(five wks), Session II(five wks) and Sum­
mer Term (six-week evening program).
Detailed information on the Summer Sessions is made available through a spe­
cial Summer Sessions catalog, which may be obtained from the Registrar's Office
or the Summer School Office on or about April 1 each year.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 55

International Study
Programs
Slippery Rock offers exciting international study programs. Several are offered
exclusively through Slippery Rock University and others are in conjunction with
its membership in the Pennsylvania Consortium for International Education.
These include:

Slippery Rock University Programs
— Student Teaching in Germany and Italy
— Kansai University, Japan student exchange program
— Semester in Ireland at Thomond College for Physical Education students
— Winter Ski Program
— Argentina student cultural exchange program
— German University exchange, German student exchange program with eight
German Universities

PCIE Programs
— Summer Session in Salzburg, Austria — Arts, humanities and social science
at the University of Salzburg
— Academic year in Salzburg, Austria — Arts and social sciences at the Univer­
sity of Salzburg
— Academic year in Poland — Natural sciences, humanities and arts at the
Marie Curie University, Lublin, Poland
— Academic year in France — French language and literature at the University
of Montplier
— Academic year in Spain — Spanish language and literature at the University
of Valladolid
— Summer session, Oxford, England — Arts, humanities and social sciences at
the Oxford University
For further information contact the Director of International Education in
Room 003, Spotts World Culture Building (412)794-7245.

Internships
Slippery Rock provides a diverse program of internships to give students the
opportunity to get on-the-job professional training while earning college credit.
Students can serve semester or academic year internships in federal, state and
local government agencies, departments and offices, and with private firms.
Interested students should check with their departmental chairpersons or deans
for information on internships in their fields.

56 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Military Science
Air Force ROTC Aerospace Studies
Through an across town agreement between Slippery Rock University and
Grove City College, the Air Force ROTC Program is available to students, male
or female. The Air Force Reserve Officers' Training Corps (AFROTC) is
designed to develop the abilities and attitudes desired in a professional Air Force
officer. Students who qualify to enroll as members of Air Force ROTC and who
successfully complete the program may be commissioned Second Lieutenants in
the United States Air Force upon graduation. Newly commissioned lieutenants
enter the Air Force to serve in a variety of professional career fields including
pilot, navigator, missile launch officer, technical and medical specialties, and.
more than 120 other specialized areas. There are two types of AFROTC pro­
grams: Four-year and Two-year.
Four-Year Program.This program is designed to accommodate male and female
students who qualify for and elect to participate in all four years of the AFROTC
course of instruction. The program is divided into two parts:
1.
The General Military Course: The first two years of AFROTC are called
the General Military Course (GMC). Any student may participate in the
GMC. Participation is completely voluntary and no obligation to the Air
Force results. During the sophomore year, application may be made for
the advanced portion of Air Force ROTC, the Professional Officer Course
(POC). Students who take the GMC and are selected for the POC are
required to attend a four-week summer field training encampment at an Air
Force installation between the sophomore and junior years. (NOTE:
Veterans who have at least two years of academic course work remaining
may qualify for the four-year program. Completion of at least 180 days of
active duty eliminates the requirement for participation in the GMC.
Veterans who apply for and are accepted into the POC are then required to
attend only the four-week summer field training program).
2.
The Professional Officer Course: Selected students are admitted to the
Professional Officer Course (POC) — the last two years of AFROTC. To
be eligible for the POC, students must be citizens of the United States, of
good moral character, meet Air Force physical standards, obtain a satis­
factory score on the Air Force Qualifying test and have a cumulative grade
point average of 2.0 or better. In addition an English Composition class
and a mathematical reasoning class must be completed prior to com­
missioning. They must also successfully complete the four-or six-week
field training encampment depending on whether the applicant is a four or
two-year program candidate. Members of the POC enter into a contractual
agreement in order to qualify for a commission as a Second Lieutenant
upon graduation. All members receive $ 100 per month (tax free) while
they are in the POC.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 57

Two-Year Program. This program is designed to accommodate those qualified
students who apply for and are selected to participate in only the last two years
(POC) of the AFROTC course of instruction. The two-year program is available
to eligible SRU students who have at least two years of academic course work
remaining. Students who apply for acceptance to the POC, under the two-year
program, normally make application in the sophomore years. Two-year program
applicants are considered with all other persons applying for the POC. If selected
for the POC, students must attend a six-week summer field training program be­
tween the sophomore and junior years at the Air Force base. The conditions of
participation in the POC (two-year program) are the same as for those who are
elected under the four-year program.
Scholarships. Air Force ROTC offers four, 3lA,3,2VA, and two-year scholarships
to qualified applicants (male and female) who compete nationally and are selec­
ted on the basis of excellence (whole person concept). In addition to meeting the
POC criterion, scholarship students must also successfully com-plete at least one
semester of foreign language. In many cases completion of an upper level high
school foreign language class or a proficiency test will fulfill this requirement.
These scholarships pay for all tuition, books and fees, and provide the recipient
S100 per month(tax free). The duration of the scholarship varies according to the
year of application and acceptance. The career fields are primarily limited to the
scientific/engineering career fields. Contact the Department of Aerospace Studies
for specific scholarship information.
Uniforms and Books. Air Force ROTC provides uniforms, text books, and
other incidental materials to all students at no cost. Upon initial entry into the
GMC, the student must pay a $50 uniform deposit that is refunded when the stu­
dent returns the uniform undamaged.
Field Training Compensation. All cadets attending summer field training
receive travel pay to and from the camp. Also, those attending the six-week ses­
sion receive an allowance of about $520, and attendees at four-week sessions
receive about $350.
AEROSPACE STUDIES COURSES
General Military Course (GMC)
AS 101-102: The Air Force Today. This course examines the role ofthe Air Force in thecontemporary
world by studying the total force structure, strategic offensive and defensive forces, general purpose for­
ces, and aerospace support forces. One classroom hour and one laboratory hour per week. (Freshman
Year course, one hour credit each semester)
AS 201 -202: The Development of Air Power. The course includes the study of the development of air
power from balloons and dirigibles through the peaceful employment of U.S. Air Power in relief missions
and civic action program in the late 1960's and the air war in Southeast Asia. One classroom hour and
one laboratory hour per week. (Sophomore Year course, one hour credit each semester)

Professional Officer
Course (POC)
AS 301-302: Air Force Management and Leadership. This is an integrated management course
emphasizing the individual as a manager in an Air Force environment. The individual motivational and
behavioral process, leadership, communication, and group dynamics are covered to provide a founda­
tion for the development of the junior officer's professional skills as an Air Force officer. Three
classroom hours and one laboratory hour per week. (Junior Year course, three hours credit each
semester)
AS 401-402: National Security Forces In Contemporary American Society. This course is concep­
tually focused in the Armed Forces as an integral element ofsociety. with an emphasison the broad range
of American civil-military relations and the environmental context in which U.S. defense policy is for­
mulated and implemented. Three classroom hours and one laboratory hour per week. (Senior Year
course, three hours credit each semester)

58 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Additional Information
Leadership Laboratory. Instruction is conducted within the framework ot an
organized cadet corps with a progression of experiences designed to expand the
students' understanding of the life and work of a junior officer and to develop their
leadership potential. The leadership laboratory is conducted one hour per week
and is taken in conjunction with each Aerospace Studies course. (No additional
academic credit)
Field Training. AFROTC Field Training is conducted during the summer
months at selected Air Force bases throughout the United States. Students in the
four-year program participate in four weeks of field training during the summer
usually between their sophomore or junior years. Students applying for entry' i*110
the two-year program must successfully complete six weeks of Field Training
prior to enrollment in AFROTC. The major areas of study range from career
orientation to survival training. (No academic credit)
Flight Instruction Program (FIP). This program is offered to senior AFROTC
cadets who have qualified for Air Force pilot training. The program incorporates
25 hours of free flying lessons with 15 hours of classroom instruction. The flying
lessons are given by FAA approved flying schools. Classroom instruction is con­
ducted by the Department of Aerospace Studies. (No academic credit)

Army ROTC Military Science
In 1981 Slippery Rock University was authorized a Senior Reserve Officers
Training Corps (ROTC) unit. The Army ROTC program offers to both men sum
women the opportunity to leam and practice leadership and managerial tech­
niques that will prove beneficial to all life's future endeavors; to obtain credits
which count toward graduation; and to those who choose to complete the total
program, a commission as a second lieutenant in the US Army.
Enrollment The program is broken into two phases: the Basic Course ( fresh­
man and sophomore years) and the Advanced Course (junior and senior years
Enrollment in any of the freshman or sophomore level Army ROTC courses ( N1S
101, Hist 270, MS 106 or MS 206) in no way obligates or commits the student to
any military service or any further ROTC courses. These courses are offered on
the same basis as other academic courses at SRU with the privilege ofwithdra v. ing at any time.
Requirements for Enrollment The general requirements for enrollment in
Army ROTC are that the student be accepted by the university as a regularly
enrolled student, be a citizen of the United States, physically qualified, not less
than 14 years of age, but 27 or less at anticipated graduation date. Veterans and
junior ROTC graduates may receive exemptions from the Basic Course as
approved by the Professor of Military Science (PMS). For continuation in
ROTC during the junior and senior years, students must have a 2.0 grade pom:
average in their academic area, successfully completed requirements for the
Basic Course, pass a physical examination, and be accepted by the PMS. Ad­
vanced Course students must agree in writing to complete the junior and senior
years since they will receive $100 a month subsistense during these school
years.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 59

What Army ROTC Offers
Adventure: Students take a Leadership Lab which is geared toward adventure!
They learn new and challenging skills like rappelling, skiing, rafting, self-defense,
marksmanship, first aid and survival.
Obligation: During the 1st and 2nd year, there is no obligation to continue
ROTC and ABSOLUTELY no obligation for military service!
Credits: Two credit hours for each semester of the 1st and 2nd year.
Class Time: Two hours of class lecture and two hours of lab required per
week.
Uniform: Students will wear a fatigue uniform during Leadership Lab. No
uniforms are required in the classroom lectures. All equipment, uniforms and
textbooks are issued without cost to enrolled students.
Scholarships: Competitive 3, 2 and 1 year awards at SRU. Tuition, books, lab
fees and an allowance up to $1000 a year.
$2600 Allowance: All 3rd and 4th year students, regardless of scholarship
status, receive $2600 for the last two years of ROTC.
Simultaneous Membership Program: This program provides membership in
ROTC and an Army Reserve or National Guard unit at the same time. It can
mean as much as $16,000 to students for four years if they qualify.
If students so desire and are accepted into the Advanced Course, they will
receive commissions as Second Lieutenants upon graduation from the College
and serve either three years continuous active duty or a minimum 16 weeks active
duty for training, with the remaining obligation served in the Army Reserve or
Army National Guard.
Army ROTC Courses
REGULAR BASIC COURSE — The first two years of military science provide a background of the
historical role of military forces, as well as current national military objectives. In addition, basic
leadership is developed and certain skills are taught such as adventure training, survival training, map
reading, scuba diving, rappelling. and marksmanship.
MS 104: Applied Terrain Analysis and Military Topography, and National Security — Study of
national security concepts, policies and the national decision-making process with emphasis on national
resources, national will, and economic factors. Included will be a study of nuclear and conventional re­
sponse option. Fundamentals of military topography, including the use of military maps to determine
topographic features, conduct land navigation and perform terrain analysis, will be covered. (2 semes­
ter hours)
Hist 270: Warfare in the20th Century — A survey of wars in this century withemphasis on World Wars
I and II. Technical innovation, military theory and strategy will be examined along with their relation­
ships tothe nations involved(3 semester hours). This course is instructed by the History Department. In
order to receive credit for one semester ofArmy ROTC. students must alsoenroll in Leadership Lab with
the Army ROTC Department. 25% of the grade will be based on Leadership Lab.
MS 106: Fundamentals of Tactical Operations, Techniques of Leadership and Weapons Charac­
teristics — Organization, techniques, resources and capabilities involved in conducting small unit tacti­
cal operations. Emphasis is on leadership, organization, and management techniques needed to cause a
group of people to accomplish specific objectives. Characteristics of military weapons systems are
taught. Students serve as a leader in Leadership Labs. (2 semester hours).
MS 206: Advanced Tactical Operations — The student learns of advanced tactical operations at pla­
toon, company and battalion levels. Students learn to plan, organize and conduct offensive and defensive
tactical operations. Students are familarized with nuclear, biological, and chemical aspects of warfare.
(2 semester hours).
MS 208: Leadership Lab — Leadership Laboratory provides practical experience designed for the
attainment and application of leadership principles. It is to be taken by sophomore ROTC students in
conjuncton with Hist 270, Warfare in the Twentieth Century. (1 sem. hour)

60 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Optional Basic Course — Designed for freshman and sophomore students who
find that their academic load is too heavy for them to take the regular Basic Course
but still desire to participate in the ROTC program. This option enables the stu­
dent to enroll in only one class per week in the ROTC program. Only the
Leadership Laboratory class is taken. (Content of this class is listed below.)
Completion of the optional Basic Course in the freshman and sophomore years
will qualify student to enroll in the Advanced Course should they desire to do so.
Academic credit toward graduation is not granted by taking this option as it is for
the regular Basic Course. Contact the Department of Military Science for
further information.
Two-Year Program — A second alternative to the regular Basic Course, the Two
Year program, is available to eligible SRU students who have at least two years of
academic course work remaining before graduation. Students normally apply for
this program in their sophomore year and are required to complete successfully
Army ROTC Basic Camp at Ft. Knox, Kentucky, for 6 weeks during the summer
period. There is no obligation even though students attend this camp, but those
who do are then eligible to enter the Advanced Program described below. This
program is especially attractive to transfer students from institutions which did
not have an ROTC program or those SRU students who were unable to par­
ticipate in the regular or optional basic courses.
Advanced Courses — The last two years constitute the Advanced Course of
instruction for both men and women who desire a commission as a Second
Lieutenant in the Army of the United States. (Either the Army Reserve, N ational
Guard or, for selected students, the Regular Army.) This phase is composed of
studies in advanced leadership and management, tactics, military law, psy­
chological, physiological and social factors which affect human behavior and
modern instructional and training techniques. Practical application is the rule
and students have the opportunity to practice and polish their skills. Participation
in the Advanced Course will earn the student approximately $2,500, between
$100 a month subsistence and pay for summer camp ($2,000 is not taxable).
MS 305: Fundamentals of Leadership and Modern Learning/Teaching Relationship — Manage­
ment as applied in classroom and field to include case studies in pychological. physiological, and
sociological factors which affect human behavior, individual and group solution of leadership problems
common to small units. Also, see Leadership Laboratory. (3 sem. hours)
MS 306: Study of Advance Leader Planning and Execution of Modern Combat Operations —
Analysis of leader's role in directing and coordinating efforts of individuals and small units in execution
of offensive and defensive tactical missions, to include command and control systems, the military team,
and communications techniques. Also, see Leadership Laboratory. (3 sem. hours)
MS 407: Management of the Military Complex to Include Fundamentals of Military and Inter­
national Law — Study of the various managerial elements needed to effectively control a military'
organization and their techniques used to accomplish these functions. Studies in military law and inter­
national law prepare the students for his legal responsibilities. (3 sem. hours)
MS 408: Seminar in Military Analysis and Management — Contemporary analysisof use of military
in world affairs to include importance of strategic mobility and neutralization of insurgent movements.
Selected management problems and situations will be presented as they relate to military justice,
administration, and obligation and responsibilities of an officer. Also, see Leadership Laboratory.
(3 sem. hours)
Leadership Laboratory (one afternoon per week) — A practical experiencedesigned for the attainment
and application of leadership principles. Concurrently scheduled in conjunction with all Military
Science courses, and Warfare of the Twentieth Century, it provides for practical challenges in personal
accomplishment, both physical and mental, and for development of team work and leadership.
(0 sem. hours)
Summer Camp — Students attend a six-week summer camp upon completion of the first year of the
Advanced Course. Time at camp is devoted to practical application of principles and theories taught dur­
ing the preceding school years. While at camp, each student receives lodging, subsistence, uniforms,
medical care, reimbursement for travel and pay in amount of one-half pay of second lieutenant per
month.

Undergraduate Degree Programs —61

Project AHEAD
(In cooperation with the U.S. Army)
Mindful of its educational commitment to the needs of the society. Slippery
Rock University is prepared to assist in tangible ways those persons who are
furthering their educational aspirations but who are actively engaged in military
service. To this end. the university in conjunction with the Department of
Defense Serviceman's Opportunity College (SOC) and the U.S. Army Project
AHEAD, will help Army personnel with the completion of their baccalaureate
degrees while on active duty. The program enables students to complete a sub­
stantial portion of their credit requirements from other institutions or through
various competency examinations. For further information, write to: Assistant
Dean. Graduate and Special Academic Programs.

The Library
InDs 110: Library Research — A self-paced course introducing the resources
of the university library. The student will select and use print and non-print
materials on assigned subjects as preparation for future library research in various
disciplines. Should be scheduled after the completion of any remedial English or
Communication courses. (1 sem. hour)*

Post-Baccalaureate
Programs
A student who has earned a baccalaureate or higher degree from an approved
institution may qualify for initial certification or an endorsement certificate by
completing the prescribed requirements in one or more of the approved under­
graduate programs at Slippery Rock University.
Admission Procedures
A student interested in enrolling as a post-baccalaureate should apply with the
respective Associate Dean — College of Professional Studies or College of Arts
and Sciences. Previous academic course work will be evaluated during an inter­
view and the student will be notified of the requirements needed to qualify for cer­
tification or a second degree.
Slippery Rock University offers 24 undergraduate programs of certification for
the preparation of professional personnel for positions in elementary and second­
ary schools and 41 degree programs.
To be admitted to Slippery Rock University as a post-baccalaureate in a cer­
tification program, a student must have a cumulative quality point average of 2.25
and a quality point average of 2.40 in the major field of study to be granted cer­
tification from Slippery Rock University-at the completion of their certification.
The options for post-baccalaureate students are: (1) earn an initial certificate,
(2) extend a certificate, (3) earn a second degree, (4) make a certificate perma­
nent, (5) personal enrichment.

62 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

COLLEGE OF
PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

• School of Education
• School of HPER
The College of Professional Studies encompasses the Schools of Education
and Health, Physical Education and Parks & Recreation. The major fields of
study which include teaching and non-teaching degrees are described under each
school. NON-TEACHING DEGREES ARE LISTED SEPARATELY
UNDER EACH DEPARTMENT.
Admission to Teacher Education. To be formally admitted to a teacher cer­
tification program, the student must have completed 42 - 48 semester hours,
depending on the program, earn a cumulative quality point average of at least
2.25, demonstrated personal qualities required for teaching, and satisfactorily
completed the standardized basic skills test (fee required). In order for the Com­
mittee for Teacher Certification to obtain information concerning these necessarypersonal qualities, approval from two-five faculty members and the Office of Stu­
dent Affairs is required on the official application for admission. Enrollment in
many of the upper level courses is restricted to those students completing the for­
mal admission process, except by approval of the Dean of the College of Pro­
fessional Studies. Subsequent pages give specific requirements for admission to
student teaching and for each field of certification. Changes in certification may­
be made by State action or in some cases, by University action.
Admission to Student Teaching. Application for admission to student teaching
should be completed a year previous to student teaching. A copy of this applica­
tion may be obtained from the chairperson of the student's major department.
To be eligible for assignment to student teaching, students must have senior
standing, at least a minimum cumulative quality point average of 2.25 and a
minimum quality point average of 2.40 in their field of certifications). Also,
students must have approval from their respective departmental chairperson(s)
and the Office of the Vice President for Student Affairs. No more than three
semester hours of academic courses may be taken concurrent with student
teaching.
Before students can be certified in an area of teacher education, they must satis­
factorily complete a 16-week student teaching experience of observations and
teaching in the classroom. Assignments in student teaching are determined by the
University in cooperation with the local school districts. During the student
teaching semester, students must provide their own off-campus housing and their
transportation to the assigned school. Any prospective student entering teacher
education must realize that this experience is required and will be an added
expense to the total cost of teacher preparation.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 63

Requirements for Graduation and Teacher Certification. All curricula are
four years or equivalent in length, and entitle the graduate who meets certification
requirements to the Instructional I Certificate* in the appropriate curriculum. A
minimum of 128 semester hours, a minimal cumulative quality point average of
2.25, and a minimal quality point average of 2.40 in the field(s) of certification are
required for the graduate who wishes to obtain certification.
School of Education
— Completion of the four-year curriculum for the preparation of elementary
teachers entitles students to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education
and an Instructional I Certificate* which authorizes the recipients to teach in
grades K through six.
— Completion of the four-year curriculum for the preparation of library science
personnel entitles students to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education
and an Instructional I Certificate* which authorizes the recipients to teach or
administer library services in grades K through 12.
— Completion of the four-year curriculum for the preparation of secondary
teachers entitles students to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education
and an Instructional I Certificate* which authorizes the recipients to teach in a
junior or senior high school those subjects in which he/she is properly
certified.
— Completion of the four-year curriculum for preparation of teachers of special
education entitles students to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education
and an Instructional I Certificate* which authorizes the recipients to teach the
specialization area in grades K through 12.
— Completion of the four-year curriculum for preparation of teachers of music
education entitles students to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Music
Education and an Instructional I Certificate* which authorizes the recipients
to teach in grades K through 12.
School ofHPER
— Completion of the four-year curriculum for the preparation of K-12 teachers
in Health and Physical Education entitles students of Bachelor of Science in
Education in Health and Physical Education and an Instructional I Certifi­
cate*.
— Completion of the four-year curriculum for the preparation of health teachers
entitles students of the Bachelor of Science in Education in Health Education
and an Instructional I Certificate* which authorizes the recipients to teach
grades K through 12.
— Completion of the four-year curriculum for preparation of teachers of en­
vironmental education entitles students of the Bachelor of Science in Educa­
tion in Environmental Education and an Instructional I Certificate* which
authorizes the recipients to teach in grades K through 12.
In addition, the students may earn a second certification in elementary educa­
tion, secondary education, library science, health, health & physical education,
and environmental education.
Graduates who hold an Instructional I Certificate in one field and desire to
have another field added to their certificates may do so upon completion of
specific courses. Additional information concerning certification is available in
the Offices of the Dean of the College of Professional Studies.

64 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

•Instructional I (Provisional) Certificates are valid for six years of teaching.
The Instructional II (Permanent) Certificate is issued to applicants who have
completed three years of teaching on an Instructional I Certificate with a •"satis­
factory" rating and have completed 24 semester credit hours of post-baccalau­
reate, graduate, or in-service study. Post-baccalaureate or graduate study must
be completed at a regionally accredited institution; in-service credits must be
earned in regionally approved experiences. Courses taken to extend an Instruc­
tional I Certificate to include additional fields may be used to make the certifi­
cate permanent.
Seniors are expected to notify the Registrar's Office during the first week of the
semester in which they are to graduate. If they expect to meet the degree
requirements during the summer, they should notify the Registrar s Office by the
first week of June. The diploma and teaching certificate are not ordered until this
requirement is met.
Seniors expecting to student teach must have a physical examination and a
chest X-ray or tuberculin skin test prior to student teaching. Arrangements
should be made with the university infirmary at least two months prior to
student teaching.
Interstate Reciprocity. Interstate reciprocity of certification for the entry level
certificate forteaching is available in many states. Although some states have not
formally signed the agreement, most of them will honor the Pennsylvania Instruc­
tional I Certificate because of Slippery Rock University's Middle States and
NC ATE Accreditation. For further information, contact the Dean of the College
of Professional Studies.
Goals in Teacher Education. Basic teacher education programs at Slippery
Rock University are designed to prepare competent professionals for classroom
teaching and for leadership positions in a variety of educational settings and
institutions, professionals who can systematically design, implement, continually
evaluate and revise instructional programs to meet the lifelong learning needs ol
the populations they serve. Each certification program includes a balanced offeringof a foundation in general education, an intensive study of a teaching specialty.
and a planned sequence of professional experiences designed to explore the
theory and practice of teaching.
Upon completion of a basic teacher education program a student should have
developed the following:
•••knowledge of the scope and basic principles of the natural sciences and
mathematics, the social sciences and the humanities and arts as these dis­
ciplines represent human achievement and enlightment;
***in-depth knowledge in at least one academic discipline or teaching speciality
and the ability to identify, select, and/or develop materials of instruction
which provide data needed for the development of basic concepts and general­
izations in the discipline/specialty;
•••effective communication skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing, per­
ceiving) and human relations skills that promote human worth, human dignity,
and ethnic understanding;
•••skills in assessing and evaluating the affective, cognitive, and performance
needs of students, and the ability to implement materials and methods of
instruction which can be used by students with different abilities, interests,
learning styles, personality characteristics, and ethnic and religious back­
grounds;
•••understanding of the world of work and the process by which students identify
the relationship between dimensions of self (heredity, interest, values) and
future (potential) work roles;
•••ability to work effectively with parents, paraprofessionals, other professional
personnel, and community groups in developing a sound institutional pro­
gram for all students;

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 65

***ability to participate effectively in professional, political, and service groups
concerned with the solution of contemporary professional, social, political,
and economic problems.
The College of Professional Studies provides programs for the preparation of
elementary and secondary teachers for the schools of the Commonwealth and the
nation. A number of these programs are offered in cooperation with departments
in the College of Arts and Sciences. All programs in teacher education are the
direct responsibility of the Dean ofthe College of Professional Studies and he/she
is appointed by the Pennsylvania Department of Education as the university cer­
tification officer.

66 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

SCHOOL OF EDUCATION

The School of Education encompasses the departments of Administration.
Supervision and Field Services; Counseling and Educational Psychology: Curric­
ulum and Instruction; and Special Education. Its major purpose is to prepare
teachers and support personnel for positions in elementary and secondary schools
and people-oriented occupations. The School provides programs that lead to cer­
tification in elementary education, library science, secondary education, special
education, supervision and administration.
Major fields of study leading to a Bachelor of Science degree within the School
of Education are:
Elementary Education. Elementary Education majors may select a second area
of certification in Secondary Education, Environmental Education, Library
Science, Education for Safe Living, or Special Education.
Library Science. Library Science majors may select a second field of certifica­
tion from Elementary Education, Secondary Education or Special Education.
Music Education. Music Education majors will receive a Bachelor of Science
Degree in Music Education and will pursue a program designed to prepare
students for teaching, supervising, and administering music programs. A student
may obtain dual certification in music education and music therapy.
Secondary Education. Secondary Education majors may obtain certification in
the following areas:
Biological Science
Music
Chemistry
Physics
Communication
Social Studies
Earth & Space Science
Economics Emphasis
English
Geography Emphasis
French
History Emphasis
General Science
Political Science Emphasis
German
Sociology/Anthropology Emphasis
Mathematics
Spanish
Special Education. Special Education majors may pursue a program leading to
dual certification in mentally retarded and/or physically handicapped and anyother major certification area. Students may elect a non-teaching option in Spe­
cial Education Community Services for the Developmentally Disabled. Career
opportunities for graduates of the School of Education are quite varied. In addi­
tion to classroom teaching, the candidate is prepared to work in many other
people-oriented fields, such as social agencies, state and federal government or
private industry. Students are encouraged to earn certification in several fields to
enhance employment opportunities.
Admission. Application for formal admission to the School of Education is
made by enrolling in Culn 200, Orientation to Education, during the second
semester of undergraduate studies. (See Admission under College of Pro­
fessional Studies for further criteria for admission to certification programs).

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 67

Counseling and Educational
Psychology Department
Strain Behavioral Science Building, Room 119

(412)794-7282

Certification programs are available only at the graduate level and include a
Master of Education(M.Ed.) program in Elementary Guidance and Counseling
and in Secondary Guidance and Counseling. In addition, at the graduate level the
department offers Master of Arts (M.A.) programs in Counseling Services, Stu­
dent Personnel, and Counseling Psychology. This latter Program includes the
basic academic preparation required for licensure as a psychologist in the Com­
monwealth of Pennsylvania.
Undergraduate courses offered by the department relate to learning, human
development, career development, and the educational process.

COUNSELING AND EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY COURSES
CEdP 234: Career Personalization — Career Personalization is designed to assist students to assess
their abilities, interests and values as these relate to careers and to apply this knowledge to a career and
life self-development process. While learning about and actually experiencing elements of personal
career growth, students will also broaden their awareness of the world of work. Knowledge and skill
acquired will help them with their current and future career development. (3 sem. hours)*
CEdP 242: Educational Psychology — Application of psychological learning theories to the educa­
tional process. (3 sem. hours)*
CEdP 290: Human Learning— A review of psychological theories and research findings regarding the
learning process and productive thinking. Emphasis will be on the identification and understanding of
learning behavior variables and their relevance in educational settings. (3 sem. hours)*
CEdP 295: Undergraduate Workshops — Special topics of interest to undergraduates and selected
community members. (Variable credit)
CEdP 301: Interpersonal and Group Dynamics — Interpersonal behavior in small groups, with atten­
tion to group structure, individual factors, communication, and techniques. Treatment of leadership,
group pressures, the effect of the group on personality, and group aims. (3 sem. hours)*
CEdP 310: Introduction to Counseling — The course is designed for the student to acquire the basic
techniques of counselingthat are useful in most occupations as well as in parenting. CEdP 301 is recom­
mended, but not required as a prerequisite. (3 sem. hours)
CEdP 315: Group Facilitation and Counseling — Basic techniques of facilitation of counseling,
human relations, and decision-making groups, designed for students preparing for careers in human ser­
vices, business, industry, and public administration. Prerequisite: CEdP 301. Recommended CEdP
310. (3 sem. hours)
CEdP 349: Child Development — A study of the various stages of development from conception to
adolescence. Attention is directed to the physical, emotional, intellectual and social development of the
child. (3 sem. hours)*
CEdP 350: Adolescent Psychology — A study of the physical, mental and emotional development duringthe changes from childhood and the influence on attitudes and behavior of the age group in relation to
the various theories. Psychological principles are applied to the problems of family, community and
school adjustment, as well as to the unique development of the individual. (3 sem. hours)*
CEdP 450: School Psychology — An in-depth consideration of the manner in which educational,
social and emotional growth is affected and modified by the school experience. The "total student" is
analytically studied in the school,family, and social environment. (3 sem. hours)
CEdP 490: Independent Study — A program of independent work conducted by a student who has
demonstrated academic proficiency, with approval by the student's advisor and department chairperson.
Prerequisite: departmental approval. (1-3 sem. hours)

68 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Curriculum and Instruction
Department
McKay Education Building, Room 104

(412)794-7254

The Curriculum and Instruction Department offers undergraduate certifica­
tion programs in Elementary Education, Library Science, and Secondary Educa­
tion. Students in each of the departmental certification areas are required to
complete forty (40) contact hours in both formal and informal settings. This early
experience is subject to the following regulations: (1) Elementary majors must
have the early experience with elementary school age pupils; (2) Library Science
majors may obtain early experience with children in school/media centers K-12.
or in public or special libraries; (3) Secondary majors must have the early
experience with secondary school age pupils. In addition to specific courses in
each of the certification areas, the department offers generic courses which are
applicable to all programs.
GENERIC COURSES
Culn 200: Orientation to Education — Prerequisite for formal admission to teacher certification pro­
grams. Prerequisite: completion of one semester of college work. Grade: Pass or No Credit.
(2 sem. hours)
Culn 230: Media Technology — Selection, utilization of audio-visual materials. Equipment operation
via self-instruction in the Media Lab. (3 sem.hours)
Culn 280:

Cultural Minorities and Education

An interpretative study of characteristics of

American education, its role within American society, with special emphasis on its impact on cultural
minorities. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 295: Undergraduate Workshops — Special topics of interest to undergraduates and selected
community members. (Variable credit)
Culn 329: Methods and Materials of Instruction — Methods course for secondary post-baccalaureate
students only: designed to familiarize prospective teachers with philosophy, objectives, courses of study,
curriculum materials and procedures of teaching evaluation. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 380: History and Philosophy of Education — Critical exploration of philosophical and histori­
cal background from which issues confronting American education have developed: a search for valid
goals toward which American education should strive. Prerequisite: Culn 200. C EdP 242, and comple­
tion of 64 semester hours. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 490: Independent Study — A program of independent w ork, conducted by a student's advisor,
department chairperson and dean. (1-3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 69

Elementary Education Certification Program
McKay Education Building, Room 104

(412)794-7254

The prospective elementary teacher is required to take coursework that is
balanced to offer a broad liberal education, which includes general education,
professional education, specialized courses, and recommended electives. The
primary objective of the elementary education program is to develop competent,
effective elementary teachers.
Field Experience Program. The Field Experience Program is a collaborative
venture in teacher education sponsored by both the public schools in the area and
the university. It provides students with the opportunity to study and practice
teaching in a realistic situation as they complete a block of method courses. This
phase of pre-service training is offered to both juniors and seniors. Most often,
Field Experience provides a student's first professional experience. Thus,
Teacher Assistants are not expected to demonstrate the same competence as a
student teacher. Student participants involved in the Elementary Field Exper­
ience Program will be required to demonstrate specific competencies, as iden­
tified by professors teaching various method courses, in public school classrooms.
To be eligible for an assignment to Field Experience, the student must have a
minimum cumulative quality point average of 2.250 in all university courses
attempted and a minimum cumulative quality point average of 2.250 in all pro­
fessional education courses.
Complementary Competencies. In addition to the required courses for teacher
preparation, each student must demonstrate competencies in the complementary
areas of Art. Music, Health and Safety Education, Physical Education, and
Educational Media and Technology. Details with regard to meeting these com­
petencies are outlined on the Guidesheet for Elementary Education majors, but in
general they may be met by completion of appropriate courses. To comply with
the mandate of Public Law 94-142 (Education of All Handicapped Children
Act), all elementary education majors are required to take the following course:
Special Education 100: Introduction to Exceptional Children. In addition, the
student will become aware of the presence and impact of cultural minorities in the
United States and the pluralistic nature of American society through activities
and experiences in various required and elective courses.
Dual Certification Programs. Students may achieve certification in a second
area by carefully selecting courses. In such instances, a student retains status as
an elementary education major but also completes all of the requirements in a
second area. Second certifications can be achieved in Secondary Education (any
of the certified areas. Environmental Education, Library Science, and Education
for Safe Living). Students may also elect to follow a program designed to prepare
bi-lingual teachers in Spanish. The specific requirements for these other pro­
grams are detailed in the appropriate sections of this catalog. Students majoring
in Special Education may also obtain dual certification in any of the other cer­
tification areas. It will require additional hours beyond the regular 128 semester
hour requirement for the baccalaureate degree. Students seeking dual certifica­
tion should declare their intent as early as possible in their academic career. Spe­
cial Education majors who elect to pursue a second certification in Elementary
Education must complete all the major requirements of the elementary program.

70 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

These include the successful completion of 22 semester hours of program course
work and the related field experience component, which are requirements for all
Elementary Education majors. Also, 1/3 of the 16-week student teaching assign­
ment will be carried out in an elementary classroom. If at all possible, the
classroom should contain mainstreamed students. This elementary component
of the student teaching experience will be evaluated separately, apart from the
remainder of the assignment which will be carried out in a special education set­
ting. Candidates for dual certification in Special Education and Elementary
Education will be assigned an advisor in the Curriculum & Instruction Depart­
ment for advisement in the elementary education area.
Academic Advisory System. A comprehensive system for advisement of the
Elementary Education student has been established. Simplified, it is as follows:
(1) The department chairperson appoints an academic advisor to assist
students with their academic program.
(2) It is the students' responsibility to see their advisor for all information
related to the academic program. Advice from any other source is unof­
ficial and, if followed, may lead to embarrassment if not academic
difficulty.
(3) Furthermore, it is the responsibility of the student to follow the catalog
and initiate and complete the process of registration.
ELEMENTARY EDUCATION CURRICULUM
General Studies
Professional Education
Culn 200*, 380
Counseling/Ed. Psych 242*. 349*
Admin. Superv. & Field Services 492
Specialization
Culn 282, 332, 342, 352, 362, 372. 382, 425
Recommended Electives
*Prerequisites for methods classes

Semester Hours
60
23

22
23
128

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION COURSES
Culn 100: Reading-Study Skills Improvement — Instruction on basic reading skills with special
emphasis on reading rate, comprehension and vocabulary. How to study, when to study and how to pre­
pare for tests, along with phonetic application to spelling are stressed in this 3 semester hour course.
Culn 295: Undergraduate Workshops — Special topics of interest to undergraduate and selected com­
munity members (Variable credit)
Note: Admission to the School of Education and CEdP 242 and CEdP 349 are prerequisites for all
methods courses.
Culn 282: Evaluation in Elementary School — An introductory course to evaluation in the elemen­
tary school: theory of tests and testing: objective and subjective tests: teacher-made tests: standardized
tests: tests used in the elementary school. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 332: Methods and Materials in Teaching Elementary Reading
Scientific aspects of reading
and problems in the teaching of reading in all elementary grades. Presentation in theory and practice,
from careful examination of research: opportunity for students to acquaint themselves with a variety of
modern reading materials and with approved techniques in their use. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 342: Methods and Materials in Teaching Elementary Mathematics — The various processes
and operations needed in mathematics of the elementary school are carefully analyzed so that the
students may see just what must be taught and what problems and difficulties are likely to be encountered
as this work is presented. Prerequisite: Math 210 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 352: Methods and Materials in Teaching Language Arts — A survey of available methods,
materials, current curricular and trends in the field of languagearts forms the basis for an analysis of mod­
ern techniques in the teaching of language arts in the elementary school. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs —71

Culn 362: Methods and Materials in Teaching Elementary Science — A survey of methods of pre­
senting science in each grade of elementary school is made. Stressed are field work, collection of
materials, special techniques, and demonstrations to adapt elementary science to local conditions,
curriculum, and grade placement. Prerequisite: two science courses,one with related laboratory.(3 sem.
hours)
Culn 372: Methods and Materials in Teaching Elementary Social Studies — A survey of available
methods, materials, current curricula and trends in the field of social studies forms the basis for an
analysis of modem techniques in the social studies curriculum in the elementary school. (3 sem.
hours)
Culn 382: Methods and Materials for Diagnosticand Remedial Reading — Study of recent research
in the field of reading to acquaint students with problems and needs common to incompetent readers and
with the most successful materials and techniques for dealing with such problems. Demonstrations and
practice in testing, planning, and directing remedial reading programs with groups and individuals. Pre­
requisite: Culn 332 (3 sem. hours)
Culn 385: Creativity — An interdisciplinary approach to child centered teaching through creative
instructional materials, drama, music, and a variety of art media. (1 sem. hour)
Culn 394: Classroom Management in the Elementary School — A course emphasizing preventive,
interventive. and diagnostictechniques for effective management and control in a classroom. Considera­
tion is also given to classroom atmosphere, parent-teacher conferences, roles of support personnel, etc.
(3 sem. hours)
Culn 396: Early Childhood Education I — Research, history, philosophy, current trends and obser­
vations with emphasis on the nature and nurture oftheyoungchild from birth through third grade. (3 sem.
hours)*
Culn 397: Early Childhood Education II — Curriculum, materials, audio-visual and other aids and
their implementation in various early childhood learning situations with full articulation of such pro­
grams with the primary grades. Prerequisite: Culn 396. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 398: Modern Primary Programs — A survey of philosophy, techniques and methodology used in
educating children through continuous progress in an ungraded primary school. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 425: Practicum in Elementary Education — Students will demonstrate the ability to organize
and teach a variety of lessons by writing specific instructional objectives and selecting and organizing
learning strategies. Teaching individuals, small groups, and a class are part of the expectations. Prere­
quisite: Concurrent registration with Elementary Education Field Experience courses (1 sem. hour)
Culn 490: Independent Study — A program of independent work conducted by a student who has
demonstrated academic proficiency, with pre-approval of the student's advisor and department chairper­
son. Prerequisite: departmental approval. (1-3 sem. hours)
Culn 498: Selected Topics — Experimental courses covering topics supplementary to teaching in the
elementary school may be offered on an irregular basis with this course designation. (Variable
credit)

Library Science Certification Program
McKay Education Building, Room 104

(412) 794-7254

The Library Science curriculum provides students with a liberal education
along with specialized learning experiences, that enables them to become com­
petent and effective in the administration of media programs and capable of re­
lating media content to curricular and societal needs. Students become certified
in librarianship in grades K through 12.
As part of their program, students become familiar with the use of a variety of
audio-visual equipment, as well as methods of producing audio-visual materials.
The spacious and attractive facilities of Bailey Library provide opportunity for
practical experiences in the use of computer terminals and other technology. The
program of study is directly supported by an exceptionally strong collection of li­
brary and information science materials—books, periodicals and microformats
conveniently located for use by both students and faculty.

72 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Supporting field and laboratory experiences, representative of an unusual
variety of types and sizes of libraries and information agencies, are provided.
These include the college library; learning resource centers in schools of all levels;
community libraries; and special libraries and information centers in such fields
as law, medicine, and agencies of the government.
Employment opportunities in media and information science continue to be
very favorable with students finding positions in school media centers, public, and
special libraries. Library science majors may obtain dual certification in the
fields of Elementary Education, Environmental Education, Special Education
and following Secondary Education:
LIBRARY SCIENCE CURRICULUM
B.S. Degree in Education Semester Hours
Semester Hours
General Studies
60
Professional Education
23
Culn 200, 380, 282, or 314
Counseling & Ed. Psych. 242
Administration Supervision & Field Services 485
Library Science
24
Academic Concentration or Electives
21

128
LIBRARY SCIENCE COURSES
Culn 201: Introduction to Library Science — Provides an opportunity to gain perspective and
understanding of library services, needs and objectives. Acquaints students" with some of the complex
activities and educational responsibilities of the librarian and assists in the development of a philosophy
conducive to library administration. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 202: Reference Services and Materials — A study of basic reference sources suitable for library
use as well as the principle reference and bibliographical tools relating to specific subject areas.
Emphasis is on the selection and evaluation of reference materials and the development of skills for their
effective use. (3 sem. hours)*
Culn 295: Undergraduate Workshops — Special topics of interest to undergraduates and selected
community members. (Variable credit)
Culn 304: Children's Literature — Designed for adults who are interested in children and the books
they read or might read. Through a wide and varied reading experience, students become acquainted
with literary genres ranging from the traditional folk tale and nursery rhyme through modern fictionfanciful, humorous, and/or vividly realistic. The potential of using children's literature to enrich the
elementary school curriculum and to stimulate creative activities in children is emphasized. (3 sem.
hours)*
Culn 307: Multi-Media Services and Materials — Presents the concept of the library as a Learning
Resource Center and of the librarian as a media specialist. Evaluation and selection of all types of
instructional media to enrich and support the curriculum at all grade levels are stressed. Utilization of
materials is emphasized through a study of the use of individual media, as well as through the cross-media
approach. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 308: Folk Literature and Storytelling — Combines a study of traditional literature with practice
in the best methods of presenting it orally to an audience. Oral presentations include a preschool storyhour, folk tale, and myth or literary fairy tale. The course also emphasizes the importance of puppetry in
education and recreation and culminates in .a puppet show presented to area children. (3 sem.
hours)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 73

Culn 309: Media Organization I — Introduces the fundamentalsof descriptive cataloging as they per­
tain to the organization of written materials. Provides practical exercise in determining the proper
classification, subject, and entries for all types of books in the card catalog. (Prerequisite to Culn 310)
(3 sem. hours)
Culn 310: Media Organization II — Continued descriptive cataloging as it pertains to the organization
of non-book materials, both software and hardware. Ordering and adapting printed cards, and applying
rules for filing cards in the catalog are practiced. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 312: Young Adult Literature — Surveys literature for adolescents and young people and is in­
tended to cultivate book appreciation, improve book knowledge, and curriculum enrichment in inter­
mediate, junior and senior high school libraries. Includes a study of selection aids, book talks and a study
of current nonprint materials. (3 sem. hours)
Cul n 315: Collections Development — A study of the basic bibiliographic tools used in the selection of
print and nonprint materials. Problem areas are examined and a study of censorship and its implications
made. Practical experience includes formulating a selection policy for either a high school or ele­
mentary library.
Culn 401: Communication and Libraries — Provides an overview of the contribution made to man's
cultural heritage through writing, books, and libraries. The development of paper, invention of type and
printing, techniques of illustrating and binding, and the progression of libraries to the present are con­
sidered. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 421: Administration of Learning Resource Centers — Analyzes and interprets administrative
areas oforganization, financial support, architecture and design, standards, and personnel management.
Visitations to libraries may be scheduled to observe the application of administrative principles. (3
sem. hours)
Culn 490: Independent Study — Provides an opportunity for independent work for students who have
demonstrated academic proficiency. Pre-approval by the student's advisor and department chairperson
is a prerequisite. (1-3 sem. hours)

Music Education Certification Program
Swope Music Building, Room 225

(412) 794-7276

The Music Education curriculum provides students with a liberal education
along with specialized learning experiences that are designed to prepare students
for teaching, supervising, and administering music programs. A student may
obtain dual certification in music education and music therapy. A Bachelor of
Science in Music Education will provide the music major with an Instructional I
Certificate which authorizes the student to teach in grades K through 12. *The
Music Education Curriculum is described under the Music Department in this
catalog.

74 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Secondary Education Certification Program
McKay Education Building, Room 104

(412) 794-7254

The prospective secondary school teacher is required to take coursework
designed to provide a broad, liberal education which includes general studies,
professional education, electives, and courses in a particular area or areas for cer­
tification. Successful completion of a prescribed program entitles the student to
the teaching certificate approved by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and,
with some limitations, by many other states.
A secondary education major is assigned to an advisor in the Curriculum and
Instruction Department who is an expert in the certification area(s).
A student may choose to attain dual certification, that is, to become eligible to
teach in both elementary and secondary schools. This involves the assistance of
two advisors, one from each area. The decision to attempt this dual certification
should be made as early as possible in order to facilitate scheduling. It is the re­
sponsibility of the student to follow the catalog and to initiate and complete the
registration process.
Field Experience Program. The Field Experience in secondary education con­
sists of the following methods courses:
Culn 311:
Teaching Mathematics in the Secondary Schools
Culn 319:
Teaching Social Studies in the Secondary Schools
Culn 320:
Teaching English in the Secondary Schools
Culn 323:
Teaching Modern Language in the Secondary
Schools
Culn 349:
Teaching Science in the Secondary Schools
Students who seek certification in the aforenamed areas must take the appro­
priate course( s) as part of the Field Experience. In addition, they should schedule
Culn 375, Reading in Secondary Schools (2 credits) and Culn 314, Evaluative
Techniques (3 credits), as part of an eight credit package. Five weeks of this
semester will be spent in the public schools observing, becoming involved in oneon-one or small group teaching, or, in some cases, teaching portions of classes or
whole classes, and generally serving as an assistant to the teacher.
SECONDARY EDUCATION CURRICULUM
SUMMARY
General Studies
Professional Education
Culn 200, 314, 375, 380
Counseling & Ed. Psych 242
Admin. Super. & Field Services 493
Appropriate methods course(s)
Certification & Electives

Semester hours
60
28

40

128
Areas of Certification
Requirements for the Bachelor of Science in Education degree are listed on the
following pages according to the certification areas. Upon completion of the
General Studies requirements, the professional education requirements, and the
requirements for the particular area of certification, the student will receive a
Bachelor of Science in Education degree with certification in the chosen
area(s).

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 75

Biology. The biology program is designed to introduce the student to the basic
principles of biology at the cellular, organismal, and population level. The pro­
gram is such that it can provide breadth of training in the biological sciences or a
concentration in either botany or zoology. Courses numbered 500 and above are
open to advanced undergraduates and graduates.
Requirements for Certification in Biology
Biology (31 sem. hours)
Biol 104, 201, 212, 250, (to be taken prior to 300 and 400 level courses)
Field Courses (6 sem. hours to be chosen from Biol 311, 320, 360, 371,401,
510 or Mar Sci courses)
Biology Electives (10 sem. hours of Biology major courses)
Chemistry (16 sem. hours)
Chem 107, 108, 111, 112, 201, 211, and 202, 212 or 260, 261
Mathematics (3 sem. hours)
Math 125 or 225
Approval for student teaching in biology requires credit in 25 semester hours of
biology and 12 semester hours of chemistry.
Chemistry. Requirements for Certification in Chemistry
Chemistry (31 sem. hours)
Chem 107,108,111,114,201,202,211,212,301,321,322,491 and one
elective in chemistry.
Mathematics (8 sem. hours)
Math 225, 226, 230 (one year of calculus)
Physics (11 sem. hours)
Phys 211,212, 213
Communication. The communication certificate shall be awarded to aspirants
who demonstrate competency in understanding the communication and language
processes, in understanding and appreciating a variety of literatures, in reading
critically and writing effectively, and in aiding others in acquiring these skills.
The 36 semester hour requirement must be met in at least three of the following
areas: speech, theatre, writing, literature, and non-print media. Specific informa­
tion on the demonstration of competencies and various options may be obtained
from the coordinator of the program.
Requirements for Certification in Communication
Communication (36 sem. hours)
Demonstration of Required Competencies
Earth and Space Science. This program prepares teachers in earth and space
science for secondary school positions. Study areas include the solid earth, the
oceans, the weather, and earth's environment in space.
Requirements for Certification in Earth and Space Science
Earth Science (31 sem. hours)
Geol 101,102, 111, 112,121,131,201,241,271, and 10 semester hours
of advisor-approved electives in geology. Geol 201 may be omitted if Geol
351 and 352 are elected.
Astronomy (3 sem. hours)
Chemistry (8 sem. hours)
Phys 272
Chem 107, 108, 111, 112
Physics (6 sem. hours)
Mathematics (3 sem. hours)
Phys 201, 202
Math 125

76 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Economics. The program for students certifying in social studies with a major
area of emphasis in economics is designed to prepare the individual to teach
courses in economics and interdisciplinary social science courses in the second­
ary schools.
Requirements for Certification in Social Studies—Economics
Economics (24 sem. hours)
Econ 100. 201, 219, 306 and a minimum of 9 semester hours of
economics electives
Geography (6 sem. hours)
History (6 sem. hours)
Political Science ( 6 sem. hours)
Psychology (6 sem. hours)
Sociology/Anthropology (6 sem. hours)
English. The program is designed to introduce the prospective teacher of English
in the secondary schools to the several English areas. Consultation with advisors
from the Department of English and Secondary Education is required. Success­
ful completion of the prescribed program qualifies the student to teach English in
the secondary schools.
Requirements for Certification in English
English (40 sem. hours)
Six semester hours from the following: English 201. 203. 204. 205, 207.
215. 301. or 303
Six semester hours from the following: English 218. 219. 331. or 332
Twelve semester hours of any English courses EXCEPT the following:
English 100, 101, 103. 211. 212. 213
Sixteen hours from the following, all required: English 305. 3 12. 401. 402.
Culn 312. Culn 375
General Science. Completion of the following requirements certifies the student
to teach general science in the junior high schools of the Commonwealth.
Requirements for Certification in General Science
Total of 33 semester hours in the following courses:
Biology 104 and 201 or 212
Chemistry 107. 108. 111. 112
Geology 101. 102, 111,112
Physics 201 or211. 202 or212 or213
Mathematics 125 or 225
Electives. (1 7 semester hours) Of the 17 hours of elective courses. 12 hours
must be elected in one department at the 200 level or above. A course in
astronomy is recommended.

Undergraduate Degree Programs - 77

Geography. Completion of the prescribed curriculum entitles the student to cer­
tification in social studies with an emphasis in geography. The certificate autho­
rizes the holder to teach geography and interdisciplinary social science courses in
the secondary schools.
Requirements for Certification in Social Studies—Geography
Geography (24 sem. hours)
G&ES 150, 230, 331, 444 and four regional courses approved by advisor
Economics (6 sem. hours)
History (6 sem. hours)
Political Science (6 sem. hours)
Psychology (6 sem. hours)
Sociology/Anthropology (6 sem. hours)
History. Completion of the prescribed curriculum entitles the student to cer­
tification in social studies with an emphasis in history. The certificate authorizes
the holder to teach history and interdisciplinary social science in the secondary
schools.
Requirements for Certification in Social Studies—History
History (30 sem. hours)
Two courses from the following: Hist 121, 122, 123
Two courses from the following: Hist 201, 202, 203
Eighteen hours of history electives from each group of courses in American
History, European History and Non-Western History
Economics (6 sem hours)
Geography (6 sem. hours)
Political Science (6 sem. hours)
Psychology (6 sem. hours)
Sociology/Anthropology (6 sem. hours)
Mathematics. For centuries the beauty of mathematics has attracted outstand­
ing scholars who have found it a fascinating subject to be studied for its own sake.
At the same time, the discovery of applications has increased rapidly, and the pro­
fession has prospered accordingly. A mathematics curriculum prepares students
for many challenging careers in government, commerce, industry, and education.
Major universities will welcome applications for advanced graduate study in
various fields, such as accounting, actuarial science, industrial management,
economics, earth science, operations research, physical sciences, statistics, and
computer science, as well as in mathematics.
Requirements for Certification in Mathematics
Mathematics (29-35 sem. hours)
Math 125, 225, 230. 231, 235, 305, 309, 313
Three semester hours from Math 303 or 304
Six semester hours of mathematics electives from 300-400 level
Physics (8 sem. hours)
Phys 211, 212

78 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Modern Languages and Cultures. The Department of Modem Languages and
Cultures offers courses designed to develop linguistic skills and to help students to
understand the country whose language they are studying and to communicate
these skills and this knowledge to students in the secondary school. Students who
have studied a foreign language in high school for two years or more are advised to
continue the study of that language. The course in which students enroll will be
determined by the department on the basis of a placement examination adminis­
tered by the department.
Requirements for Certification in a Foreign Language
For certification in French: (30 sem. hours)
Fren 101-102-103,250 or 255,300,305 or 306,320, ML 350.402 or 403
or 404 or 411, 454
For certification in German: (30 sem. hours)
Germ 101-102-103, 250 or 255, 300, 305 or 306, 320, ML 350, 403 or
411,454
For certification in Spanish: (30 sem. hours)
Span 101-102-103, 250 or 255, 300
Two of the following three civilization courses: 305, 306. or 307 ML 350.
320,454
One of the following: 415, 418, 420, 422, 430
Physics. The curriculum in physics is designed for students desiring professional
preparation for a career in the teaching of physics in secondary schools or college.
Physics courses are also recommended as electives, as related courses, or as
second area of concentration for students preparing to teach general science or
physical science or preparing to become elementary teachers. Consultation with
a departmental advisor is encouraged. Note prerequisites in planning course
sequence.
Requirements for Certification in Physics
Physics (29 sem. hours)
Phys 211,212, 213,261,331,400
Phys electives (minimum of 5 semester hours of upper level courses. Four
hours of Advanced Laboratory must be included)
Mathematics
Math 125, 225, 230, 231
Chemistry
Chem 107,111
Chemistry or Biology
Chem 108, 112,03 Biol 101,111

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 79

Political Science. The program for certification in social studies with an emphasis
in political science prepares students to teach political science (government) and
interdisciplinary social science courses in secondary schools.
Requirements for Certification in Social Studies—Political Science
Political Science (30 sem. hours)
PolS 100, 101, 103, 210
Two courses in each of the following areas:
American Politics
International/Comparative Politics
Political Theory
Economics (6 sem. hours)
Geography (6 sem. hours)
History (6 sem. hours)
Psychology (6 sem. hours)
Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work (6 sem. hours)
Social Studies. Students seeking certification in social studies may choose a pro­
gram with a major emphasis in economics, geography, history, politicalscience or
sociology/anthropology. Successful completion of the program qualifies the stu­
dent to teach courses within the major emphasis and in interdisciplinary social
science in the secondary schools. For requirements, refer to the individual
emphasis area.
Sociology/Anthropology. The program for students certifying in social studies
with a major emphasis in sociology/anthropology is designed to prepare the
individual to teach courses in sociology and interdisciplinary social science
courses in the secondary schools.
Requirements for Certification in Social Studies—Sociology
Sociology/Anthropology (30 sem. hours)
S AS W 103,201,202,317,318,412, and 12 semester hours of electives in
sociology/anthropology
One year level of competence in foreign language or approved substitute
Economics (6 sem. hours)
Geography (6 sem. hours)
History (6 sem. hours)
Political Science (6 sem. hours)
Psychology (6 sem. hours)

80 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

SECONDARY EDUCATION COURSES
Culn 295: Undergraduate Workshops — Special topics of interest to undergraduates and selected
community members. (Variable credit)
Culn 311: Teaching of Mathematics in Secondary Schools — Survey of contemporary trends v- ith
participation exercises. Prerequisite: two 300-leveI mathematics courses. Offered every spring semes­
ter. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 314: Evaluative Techniques in Secondary Schools— Objectivesfor testing and evaluation: con­
struction and analysis ol classroom tests for evaluative and diagnostic purposes: construction and
application ot non-test tools for evaluation: statistical analysis of testing and measurement data; use c f
standardized tests in the classroom. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 319: Teaching of Social Studies in Secondary Schools — Course is intended to familiarize the
prospective teachers with curriculum and materials, methods of instruction, planning and a pre-studert
teaching experience. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 320: Teaching of Communication Arts in Secondary Schools — The purpose of the course is to
acquaint prospective teachers with objectives, competencies, methods and materials, curricular and cocurricular. in language arts for secondary school students. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 323: Teaching of Modern Foreign Languages — Course aims at acquainting prospecth e
teachers with various approaches to teaching language sothat they may develop their ow n strategies anc
procedures and become familiar with pertinent literature. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 324: Methods for Teaching English as a Second Language and Bilingual Education — A
course designed to acquaint the prospective teacher at any level with the methodology used to teach
English to native speakers of other languages and to acquaint students with the specialized procedures
used when teaching in bilingual classrooms (any two languages) on any level. Prerequisite: one vearof
college language study or placement in 201. (3 sem. hrs.)
Culn 349. Teaching of Science in Secondary Schools — The development of teaching competencies
and skills required ol secondary school biology and physical science teachers, includes learning theories,
curriculum development, laboratory operation, and teaching aids. (3 sem. hours)
Culn 375: Teaching Reading in Secondary Schools — Students improve their own readine and
vocabulary skills. Includes methods and materials for assistingsecondary school students improvetheireading-study skills in content areas. Required of English majors. (2 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs —81

Special Education Department
Special Education Building, Room 122

(412)794-7344

The Special Education Department provides the curriculum and methods of
teaching to prepare teachers for educational programs designed to meet the needs
of those children who differ significantly from the "average" child. The college is
authorized by the Pennsylvania Department of Education to provide the courses
and practical experiences designed to meet the requirements for the Comprehen­
sive College Certificate in Special Education for the Mentally and/or Physically
Handicapped. This teaching certificate makes the graduate eligible to be certified
to teach children classified as mentally retarded (educable, trainable, and severe­
ly/profoundly); physically handicapped, brain injured, emotionally disturbed
and learning disabled in grades K-12. This special education program may pro­
vide sufficient preparation in elementary education to make the graduate eligible
to be certified to teach regular elementary education classes in grades K-6. A
second field of certification is possible for the Special Education major.
Community Services for the Developmentally Disabled. This Special Educa­
tion Program is a non-teaching non-certification program of professional prepara­
tion designed to lead to a Bachelor of Science in Education. This program
prepares students to work with exceptional persons in non-public school situations.
Students who complete this program may be eligible for many civil service
classifications such as: Case Managers, Program Supervisor, Group Home
Specialist, Sheltered Workshop Leaders, Directors of Community Living Ar­
rangements, private facilities worker, and Mental Health/Mental Retardation
Workers. Students in this program are required to have a variety of experiences in
the community; ranging from direct service and interaction with the developmentally disabled tosuch complex activities as program planning, program direc­
tion, and other administrative/consultative roles. All students complete 100
hours of contact with the developmentally disabled. 18 semester hours of Special
Education courses, Special Education Practicum, and a 12 semester hour intern­
ship at two different program sites. The internship provides direct experience in
two different non-teaching career situations. A program guide is available
upon request.
Minor in Exceptionalities. The Department of Special Education offers a
Minor in Exceptionalities which is of interest to all students enrolled in peopleoriented majors. Students studying in Psychology, Social Work, Music Therapy,
Recreation and Education will find the Minor in Exceptionalities a highly desir­
able addition to their major career preparation. The Minor consists of 15 semes­
ter hours in Special Education courses which can be selected according to the
student's interest and background.
SRU Laboratory School for Exceptional Children. This public school pro­
gram is operated in the Special Education Building by the Special Education
Department to provide educational opportunities for children handicapped by
mental retardation, crippling and other health-impairing conditions, learning dis­
abilities, or by emotional maladjustment. It also serves as a practicum site in
which special education majors begin the application of teaching theory to children.
Tutoring of individuals and small groups under the supervision of faculty mem­
bers who serve as master demonstration teachers provides students with the
opportunity to develop teaching skills and leam the use of materials and classroom
management techniques. Students also have the opportunity to work with other
educational specialists. An individualized, prescriptive teaching program is
planned for each child, as well as recommended instructional strategies in child
management and parent, tutor, and pupil counseling.

82 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

SPECIAL EDUCATION COURSES
SpEd 100: Introduction to Exceptional Children — This course isdesigned to introduce the student to
the field of special education and to all exceptionalities. Content includes definitions, determinants,
developmental characteristics, life complications and educational support services. Special education
majors are required to complete 40 validated clock hours of contact with exceptional persons. These
hours may be earned prior to enrollment to SRU. (3 sem. hours)*
SpEd 101: Mainstreamingthe Handicapped in School, Community and Industry — To familiarize
students with the nature and needs of the handicapped in today's society to reduce discrimination. Thi *
class will provide background knowledge and techniques for helping handicapped fit into schools anc
society. The information is applicable to persons in business, industry, agencies, schools and societyCompliance with sections 503 and 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. Public Law 94-142 and state mandates
require that all citizens become more knowledgeable about handicapped citizens to help them fit into the
community, school and business society. This course deals with the introduction to handicapped citizens
and attempts to provide techniques for reducing discrimination towards this minority group in a variety c:
settings. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 105: The Disabled in American Society — This course will provide background for understand­
ing how disabling conditions may handicap a person in terms of jobs, marriage, and family life, housing
and transportation and citizenship. The course stresses how each of us is involved in determining the suc­
cess or failure of the disabled in our society. An historical overview of society's treatment of the disablea
will be contrasted with recent legislation and the emerging roles of the disabled in American society. The
impact of disabilities on the disabled person, the parents, siblings, employers, neighbors, and peers will
be presented. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 202: Educational Aspects of Physically Handicapped/Brain Injured — A description of the
learner characteristics, programs and techniques used in educating physically handicapped/brain injured
persons. This course is designed toleach the entry level skills for teaching the PH/BI child. The student
will be able to organize classroom instruction for the PH/BI child. Twenty validated clock hours of con­
tact with physically handicapped persons is required prior to registering for SpEd 400. These hours must
be earned while enrolled at SRU. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 203: Educational Aspects of ED/LD — This course describes the characteristics of learning
and/or behavioraliy disordered (LBD) children, the programs designed to serve their needs and the role
and (unction of the teachers who work with them. Twenty validated clock hours of contact with learning
and/or behavioraliy disordered persons is required prior to registering for SpEd 400. These hours must
be earned while enrolled at SRU. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 204: Educational Aspects of the Mentally Retarded — This course is designed to describe the
psychological and educational charactistics that distinguish retarded pupils, as revealed in current
research. The course covers the nature of mental retardation, characteristics of learning. educationaJ
programs and current issues. It features an emphasis on the interactive roles of school and society :n
identifying and delivering services to the mentally retarded. Twenty validated clock hours of contact
with mentally retarded persons is required prior to registering for SpEd400. These hours must be earned
while enrolled at SRU. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 211: Classroom Management Strategies — This course is designed to familiarize students with
the various behavioral problems they may encounter in special education classrooms. Suggestions are
given for ameliorating these problems as well as for successfully organizing the classroom and classroom
routine. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 212: Life Management for the Handicapped — Preparation of the teacher to plan for meeting
the major developmental needs of the handicapped from infancy to adulthood: emphasis on early
childhood education, career education to include: preparation for occupation, homemaking. social
leisure skills, parent involvement and use of community resources to accomplish these objectives. Prere­
quisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 300: Educational Assessment of Exceptional Children — This course enables students to
develop the skills necessary for making an educational assessment of handicapped children in order to
plan an educational program to improve the child's learning. Prescription writing follows assessment and
is concerned with identifying the varying needs of the child and the appropriate experiences and materials
necessary to promote further development in learning. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 83

SpEd 301: Educational Strategies: Mildly Mentally Retarded — Techniques of curriculum develop­
ment for meeting the educational needs of mildly retarded children: methods and materials effective for
their instruction. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 302: Educational Strategies: Moderately and Severely Mentally Retarded — The learner will
identify the critical components of an educational program for the moderately (trainable) and severely
(profoundly) mentally retarded: curricular areas, effective techniques, appropriate materials, the team
approach, ancillary services and parental development. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 303: Medical and Therapeutic Aspects of COHI — This course is designed to familiarize the
student with the types of disablingconditions frequently found in PH children. It also familiarizes the stu­
dent with first aid procedures, ancillary personnel, prosthetic/orthotic devices and architectural barriers.
Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours).
SpEd 304: Educational Strategies: Physically Handicapped/Brain Injured — Designed to prepare
teachers to make the most appropriate learner, method and materials match for the moderately and
severely physically handicapped/ brain injured. Intensive instruction and participation in the planning
and operation of instructional delivery systems for the PH/BI. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem.
hours)
SpEd 305: Educational Strategies: Mild Learning and Behavior Disorders — This course is
designed to prepare a future teacher to make the most appropriate learner, method, material, motivation
match to facilitate remediation of the learning and/or behavioral disordered (LBD) individual for entry
into regular class programs. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 306: Educational Strategies: Severe Learning and Behavior Disorders — Techniques and
educational strategies for teaching the severely disturbed and juvenile delinquents for preparation for
teaching in public and private residential institutions, as well as in special classes, resource rooms or
homebound instruction. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. (3 sem. hours)
SpEd 400: Special Education Practicum — Application of teaching techniques and materials to
handicapped children in small group instruction under faculty supervision; to provide the student with an
opportunity for experience in the special education classroom prior to and in preparation for the student
teaching assignment. Prerequisite: SpEd 100. minimum of 2.25 academic average in major area, and
consent of instructor and completion of 100 validated clock hours with exceptional persons. (3 sem.
hours)

SPECIAL EDUCATION MAJOR IN
MENTALLY AND/OR PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED
Semester Hours
General Studies
60
Professional Education
23
Counseling and Educational Psych. 242, 349
Special Education
30
SpEd Foundation Courses: 100, 202, 203, 204, 211,212, 300,
400
Area of Concentration (MR): 301, 302
Area of Concentration (PH/BI): 303, 304
Area of Concentration (ED/LD): 305, 306
Culn 333, 343
6
Second Certification Concentration
9
Culn 423 (Field Pract. Area A)
Culn 363, 373, 383 (Elem. Curr. Area B)
Culn 433 (Field Pract. Area B)
Culn 283 (Elem. Clrm. Evaluation)
128

84 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Administration/Supervision and
Field Services Department
McKay Education Building, Room 114

(412)794-72; 8

The department, in cooperation with school districts, intermediate units, and
other education-related agencies, is responsible for the assignment and supervi­
sion of student teachers in elementary and secondary level programs. The student
teacher, in consecutive full-time assignments for a semester, engages in observ ­
ing, assisting and teaching in appropriate educational facilities under the guidance
of a college supervisor and a cooperating teacher. The twelve-credit student
teaching program is included in the required professional education courses in a—
teacher education curricula in the School of Education and the School of Health
Physical Education and Recreation.
Students are provided full-time clinical experiences in their area(s) of teaching
specialization in an off-campus school or education-related agency which is
under contract with the university. Prerequisite: approval of major department s)
and Office of Student Standards; minimum of 2.25 cumulative academic av erage
overall and 2.4 cumulative academic average in area(s) of specialization. Stu­
dents are advised to arrange their programs so that they need not take additional
courses during their student teaching semester. Grade: Pass or No Credit. ( 2 2
semester hours)
ASFS
ASFS
ASFS
ASFS
ASFS
ASFS
ASFS
ASFS

485:
486:
487:
488:
489:
492:
493:
494:

Student Teaching:
Student Teaching:
Student Teaching:
Student Teaching:
Student Teaching:
Student Teaching:
Student Teaching:
Student Teaching:

Library Science
Health Science
Driver Education
Environmental Education
Special Education
Elementary Education
Secondary Education
Health and Physical Education

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 85

SCHOOL OF HEALTH,
PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND
RECREATION

The School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation at Slippery Rock
University offers one of the largest, most comprehensive and long-established
programs of this nature in the United States.
There are four departments in the School: Health Science, N ursing. Parks and
Recreation. Environmental Education and Physical Education. In addition, the
athletic program, including intramurals, club sports and intercollegiate sports, is
administered within the school.
Undergraduate majors leading to specific degrees are:
B.S. in Recreation
B.S. in Nursing (Upper Two Years)
B.S. in Education in Health
B.S. in Education in Health and
Education
Physical Education
B.S. (Major-Health Sciences)
B.S. (Major-Physical Education)
B.S. in Administration of Occupational Health and Safety Management
General Studies. In addition to courses in the School of Health. Physical Educa­
tion and Recreation, all students are required to take 60 hours in General Educa­
tion. Students are expected to elect General Education courses from the three
areas of liberal arts—humanities and fine arts, natural sciences and mathematics,
and social and behavioral sciences—concurrently with courses in their major.
(See General Studies section.)
Admission Requirements. Admission requirements for each department under
the School of HPER are listed under the specific department. Admission require­
ments for the Department of Nursing include being currently licensed as a regis­
tered nurse and meeting the department's established criteria for Junior standing.

86 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Health Science Department
Spotts World Culture Building, Room 003

"
(412)794-73 ^

The Health Science Department provides opportunities for students to enter
careers in the public schools and in community health. School careers prepara­
tion includes two programs: health education certification for all grades in all
states and a program for athletic trainers. Community health provides oppor­
tunities in one of the four following specialities: community health administra­
tion, community health information, community health planning, and community
health research. Students in the Athletic Training Program may elect to become
certified to teach school health or elect the non-teaching program. The Athletic
Training Program is accredited by the National Athletic Training Association
and students may seek N.A.T.A. certification.
The B.S. degree program in the Administration of Occupational Health and
Safety Management employs a generalist approach intended to prepare a safety
professional at the beginning levels of employment who is trained in a variety or
safety skills. The program provides the student with career opportunities in
industry, government, and insurance professions.
Driver Education Certification. Twelve semester hours in safety and driver
education are required for this certification. Teacher certification in another cer­
tification area is required. The program includes driver education and requires
the followingcourses: HSE 206, HSE 208. HSE 306 and HSE 308. All courses
may apply to the 68 semester hours in professional preparation.
Physical Therapy Advisement Students enteringthis program should be aware
of the extreme difficulty of matriculating in physical therapy schools. Competi­
tion for a limited number of positions is very keen, requiring very high QPA s ana
exemplary letters of recommendation. If a student is accepted into a therapy
school, it usually requires 12-18 months of additional education to become cer­
tified to practice. The Health Science Department offers students interested Ln
physical therapy the opportunity to obtain the necessary course prerequisites for
entrance into physical therapy schools. Students majoring in health education ( or
biology), through proper advisement, may prepare themselves for entrance into
either degree or certificate programs in physical therapy.
HEALTH SCIENCE CURRICULUM
Bachelor of Science in Health Education (128 semester hours)
General Studies (60 semester hours)
Natural Science (12 hours required)
Biology 106 and 107-6 hours
Three hours in two other departments*
*
Physics 201 recommended for athletic training students.
Social Science (15 hours required)
Sociology - 3-6 hours
Psychology - 3-6 hours
Three hours in two other departments
Humanities (12 hours required)
Communications 215-3 hours
Three hours in two other departments

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 87

Basic Skills (6-14 hours required)
See general studies section of catalog.
1. School Health Program (68 hours)
Professional Education (30 hours required)
Health Science 100. 303, 304. and 403 — 12 hours
Educational Psychology 242 and 349 — 6 hours
Student Teaching— 12 hours
Certification Area (38 hours required)
Health Science 101. 201, 202, 203, 350, 401 — 18 hours
Physical Education 274 — 3 hours
Biology 210 — 3 hours
Electives (16-17 hours required)
2. Athletic Training Program (68 hours required)
Required course (45 hours required)
Health Science 100. 101, 102. 201, 202, 307. 350 — 21 hours
Physical Education 161, 264, 267, 274, 365 or 366, 375 — 18 hours
Electives (23-27 hours required)
A. Non-teaching — all courses must have advisers approval.
B. Teaching Certification (27 hours)
Health Science 303, 304, 401 and 403 - 12 hours
Educational Psychology 242 - 3 hours
Student Teaching - 12 hours
Bachelor of Science with a major in Health Science (128 semester hours)
General Studies (60 semester hours)
By Advisement, courses in the following:
Natural Science (12-13 semester hours)
Social Science (15 semester hours)
Fine Arts and Humanities (12 semester hours)
Basic Skills (6-14 semester hours)
Community Health (30 hours required)
Professional Education (24 hours required)
Health Science 100-3 hours
Educational Psychology 301, 349, 350 - 9 hours
Geography 245 - 3 hours
Political Science 150-3 hours
Statistics (specific course by advisement) - 3 hours
Learning Theory (specific course by advisement) - 3 hours
Professional Competency (27-30 hours required)
Health Science 101, 201, 203, 310. 444 and 455 - 18-21 hours
Sociology 309. 405 and 409 - 9 hours
Related Electives (14-17 hours required) by advisement.

88 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Bachelor of Science in Administration of Occupational Health and Safety
Management (128 hours required)
The program is designed to incorporate knowledge and understanding in the
areas of industrial hygiene, conventional management principles, and safety
related concepts and issues as approached through the philosophy of safety
management by objectives. The program employs a generalist approach in that
industrial hygiene, safety concepts, and managerial skills and concepts are com­
bined into one program intended to prepare a generalist safety professional. Sucn
an individual would be prepared for beginning levels of employment. The gen­
eralist approach can provide the graduate with a wide variety of divers ill ec
avenues and opportunities for career placement. The program requires 1 2 S
semester hours of course work which includes a field experience. The curricul urr_
provides the student with background and training necessary for the recognition,
evaluation, and control of workplace hazards along with the skills necessary' fcr
the planning, organization, implementation, and management of occupational
health and safety programs.
A. General Studies (60 semester hours)
B. Required Courses (51 hours required)
Health Science 100, 206, 310, 315, 250, 444, 455 (24-27 hours)
Math 114-3 hours
Physics 204 - 3 hours
Psychology 210-3 hours
Chemistry 240, 270, 340 - 9 hours
C. Related Electives by advisement (17 hours)

HEALTH SCIENCE COURSES
HSE 100: Introduction to Health Careers — Provides students with an understanding of various
career opportunities in health and safety occupations and the opportunity to determine w hether ne
needs, interests, abilities and values are suited to careers in this area. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 101: Personal Health — College living and life-long health concerns are the focus of this cours;
There is an emphasis on the wellness with its emotional, physical and social components. (3 sern_
hours)*
HSE 107: Introduction to Athletic Training — Addresses the historical development of athletic t r a i n ­
ing and the scope of present programs including personnel, space and equipment, necessary supplies,
conditioning pharmacology, and beginning evaluative techniques for athletic injuries. i, 3 sem.
hours)
HSE 117: Taping Techniques foAthletic Injuries — Provides rationale for the use of taping and wrap­
ping in athletes as well as practical experience in applying commonly used tapings and wrappings.
(1 sem. hour)
HSE 195: Health Science Workshops — Address timely and significant health and safety issues, pro­
grams, and concerns. (1-6 sem. hours)
HSE 202: Nutrition and Health — Basic scientific principles of nutrition, consumer information con­
cerning food and food processing, cultural influences on food choices, special diets and weight cortrc
and principles of food preparation are the focus of this course. (3 sem. hours)*
HSE 206: Introduction to Safety-Injury Causation and Prevention — Examines loss-produc ng
situations (personal injury, property loss) as an unresolved problem. Focuses on the interrelationship
between humans and their environment with a strong emphasis on behavior, attitudes and knowledge as
well as the psychology of other variables in injury causation and prevention. (3 sem. hours)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 89

HSE 207: Physical Evaluation and Therapeutic Modalities — Presents knowledge and skills for
orthopedic evaluation ol the spine and extremities. Includes principles, indications, contra indications,
physical and physiological bases for use of heat. cold, light, water, electricity, sound, massage and exer­
cise as therapeutic agents. (3 sent, hours)
HSE 208: Introduction to the Driving Task — Provides preparation towards competent operation of a
motor vehicle in most circumstances encountered within the traffic environment. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 210: Community Health-Introduction to Health Care Resources
Provides a broad founda­
tion of information related to the structure and functioning of the community health system including the
identification and examination of programs, providers, and current problems associated w ith the de
livery of health services in the United States. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 211: Women and Health Care — Examines the role of women as consumers and as both formal
and informal providers of health services. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 215: Emergency Preparedness and Fire Prevention — Examines major elements involved in
disaster and emergency preparedness planning and implementation. Analysis free relationship between
lire services and worker and property protection. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 302/602: Contemporary Health Problems
Surveys health problems facing modern society
and their impact on individuals and communities. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 303: Health and Safety Instruction in the Elementary Schools — Presents materials, teaching
techniques, and curriculum development in the area of health and safety instruction on the elementary
level. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 304: Health Instruction in the Secondary Schools — Presents materials, teaching techniques
and curriculum development in the area of health and safety instruction on the secondary level.
(3 sem. hours)
HSE 306: Organization and Administration of Safety Programs — Applies safety planning prin­
ciples including development, implementation and maintenance of safety programs in public and private
enterprises. Outlines duties of individuals responsible for safety programs. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 307/607: Care and Prevention of Athletic Injuries — Studies and applies principles and techni­
ques used in prevention, care and rehabilitation of athletic injuries. Clinical experience will be required.
(3 sem. hours)
HSE 308: Application of the Four Modes of Driver Education — Provides knowledge and skills in
planning, teaching and evaluating the four modes of driver education. Actual classroom and "behindthe-whecl" teaching experience is provided. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 309: Introduction to the Study of Disease — Presents pathology, etiology, symptomology and
current treatment modes for selected communicable, chronic, and genetic diseases. Prerequisites: Bio
101 and 102 or Bio 106 & 107. or permission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 310: Community Environmental Health Problems — Examines problems associated with
planning, administration, and enforcement of community environmental health programs. Prerequisite:
Bio 210. Chem 103. or permission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 311: World Health
Examines significant health problems affecting populations in various
areas of the world. Focuses on the integration of disease patterns with geographic area and cultural prac­
tices. Prerequisite: junior standing. (3 sem. hours)
H SE 315: Safety Compliance and Legislation — Reviews state and federal safety legislation and their
effects on safety management. Emphasizes the Occupational Safety and Health Act and its national
impact. Prerequisites: HSE 215 and permission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 350: First Aid and Safety — Emphasizes prevention, protection from further harm and correct
response to common emergencies resulting from trauma and/or illness confronting the citizen. Provides
opportunity to earn certification in American Red Cross First Aid and American Health Association
CPR. (3 sem. hours)*
HSE 395: Health Science Workshops
grams. and concerns. (1-6 sem. hours)

Address timely and significant health and safety issues, pro­

90 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
HSE 401: Human Sexuality — Surveys a broad range of information about human sexuality trc
biological, psychological, sociological, religious, and medical perspectives. (3 sem. hours)*
HSE 403: Public School Organization — Examines national, state, county and district organization
for public education. Identifies the legal rights and responsibilities of professional teachers and health
educators. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 407: Advanced Studies in Current Strategies in Athletic Training — Surveys various topic;
relevant to Athletic Training depending on availability of health management experts. Prerequi-i:e>
Admission into the Athletic Training Program or permission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
HSE409: Public Health Practice I — Examines the history of public health, trends in public policy aod
public health law. and organization and funding of traditional health programs. Prerequisites: PolS I1- 1
or PolS 200 or permission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 410: Epidemiology — Introduces the study of public health methods of inquiry into the distribu­
tion and determinations of disease in human populations. Prerequisites: Bio 210. a statistics course, o
permission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
HSE 411/621: Public Health Practice II — Applies systems theory in the evaluation of organizec
health services and programs. Prerequisites: HSE 409 or permission of the instructor. (o sern.
hours)
HSE 414: Death and Dying — Develops effective understanding of all aspects of death and dy ir.E
including grief, funerals, children's view of death, psychological effects ot death, doctors and death,
euthanasia. (3 sem. hours)*
HSE 450: Health Science Internship — Provides opportunity to apply theory and develop competerrcies through a work-related experience in an appropriate cooperating enterprise. Faculty-stutter"
seminars are required. Prerequisites: HSE 409 or permission of the instructor. Major advisor s recom­
mendation. minimum QPA of 2.4 in the Major. (3-6 sem. hours)
HSE 490: Independent Study — Students study under the direct supervision of a professor on £
specific and current topic. (1-6 sem. hours)

Nursing Department
McKay Education Building, Room 006

(412) 794- 34£

Bachelor of Science in Nursing Program for Registered Nurses
This program is designed to meet the needs of the registered nurse student, w ho
is a graduate of a hospital diploma nursing program or an associate degree in nurs­
ing program, for baccalaureate education in nursing. The program is fully
accredited by the National League for Nursing. To be eligible to begin the junior
level clinical nursing courses, the student must have completed all lower division
requirements including the nursing challenge examinations. The curriculum for
the program includes offerings in general education, the humanities, natural and
social sciences, and in nursing and involves theoretical and clinical content. The
flexibility of the program enables the registered nurse to attend school on a parttime or full-time basis.
The purpose of the program is to prepare a beginning practitioner of nursing
who can provide health care to persons, families, and groups in a variety of set­
tings through the nursing process. The program provides an educational base
upon which to build graduate study.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 91

School Nurse Certification. Through careful selection of electives, nursing
majors can qualify for certification as a school nurse by taking an additional 9
credits beyond the 129 required for the BSN.
The Curriculum, School Nurse Certification
BSN Curriculum
129 hours
HSE 403, Public School Organization
3 hours
NURS 424, Nursing Process with School Populations
6 hours
The Curriculum, B.S. degree in Nursing (129 semester hours)
A. General Studies
60 hours
B. Supportive Studies
6 hours
C. Nursing
63 hours
Total

129 hours

NURSING COURSES
Nurs 210: Women and Wellness — The course increases knowledge and understanding of wellness
from a women's perspective and enables the women to assume greater responsibility for and control over
her wellness. (3 sem. hours)
Nurs 310: The Caring Process — Through an exploration of one's self as a care-giver and a person, the
nurse's own ways of caring are explored. The theoretical framework for the nursing curriculum is
introduced. Prerequisite: permission of instructor; placement-junior level. (3 sem. hours)
Nurs 320: Nursing Process I
This course addresses the nursing responsibility of identifying human
levels of wellness through an assessment of needs, developmental level, stressors, modes of adaptation,
communication patterns, family as a system, and the need for nursing intervention. The nursing process
is used with clients and family from conception through young adulthood. Pre- or Co-requisite: Nurs
310: placement-junior level. (3 sem. hours theory. 3 sem. hours clinical practice)
Nurs 321: The Nursing Process II — This course builds on Nursing Process I and focuses on the family
as a system living in a community. The emphasis is on assisting family members in the middle years to
meet their health care needs. Skill in implementing the nursing process with families is furtherdeveloped.
The commmunity is viewed as a suprasystem with the human being and environment interrelating. Pre­
requisite: Nurs 320 and permission of instructor, placement-junior level. (3 sem. hours theory. 3 sem.
clinical practice)
Nurs 322: Teaching-Learning Process in Nursing — The Teaching-Learning Process in Nursing
focuses upon the nurse as a teacher in assisting clients to acquire the health related knowledge, skills, and
values needed to maximize their levels of wellness. The course emphasizes the deliberate use of the
teaching-learning process in the: assessment of the need for health teaching-learning: determination of
readiness; planning for health teaching: implementation of content and teaching-learning activities and
the evaluation of effectiveness of teaching-learning. Prerequisite: permission of instructor: placementjunior level. (3 sem. hours)
Nurs410: Adaptation and Maladaptation — The student examines his/her own waysof caring for self
and others through an exploration of responses tostress, crisis and disaster. Man is viewed holistically as
a biopsychosociocultural being with modes of adapting to a rapidly changing environment. Analysis and
evaluation of the development, maintenance and restorative needs are used to expand the dimensions of
caring in situations of stress, crisis and disaster. Pre- and Co-requisite: Nursing Process 11. 3 sem.
hours)
Nurs420: Nursing Process 111 — Nursing Process III centers on the adaptation of the elderly person in
health through severe alteration and death. In this course, the student utilizes the nursing process to
assist the elderly person and others to strengthen and/or modify adaptive responses relevant to enhanc­
ing. maintaining and restoring an optimal levelof health and to death. Prerequisite: Nursing Process II.
Corequisite: Adaptation and Maladaptation: placement-junior level. (3 sem. hours theory. 3 sem. hours
clinical practice)
Nurs 422: Nursing Research — Nursing Research more deeply examines the role of research in the
development and refinement of the nursing process and its relationship and contribution to the develop­
ment of nursing science. The student will become a more critical consumer of research in nursing and
will be provided the opportunity to conduct a study of a circumscribed nursing problem. Prerequisite:
SASW 317, Nurs 420: placement-senior level. (2 sem. hours theory. 1 sem. hour practicum)

92 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Nurs423: Nursing Leadership — Nursing Leadership focuses on the relationship of nursing as a sunsystem to the health care system and the role that nurses must assume, both individually and collective! y
to effect changes in that system. Practicum provides the opportunity for synthesis on interpersonal
knowledge and skills, teaching-learning principles, and change, role and leadership theory to ena^|^ ^ e
nurse to influence members of a group to move toward goal attainment. Prerequisite: Nurs 420. COM M
315: placement-senior level. (2 sem. hours theory. 1 sem. hour practicum)
Nurs424: Nursing Process with School Populations — This course builds upon the nursing major anc
examines the role of the nurse with clients in the school setting. The course focuses on the student in rela­
tion to the school/family/community environment and explores the nurse's responsibility for enhancing
the student's capability for learning in relation to restoration, promotion, and maintenance ot health ar__
development. Prerequisite or Corequisite: Nurs 422 and Nurs 423. SpEd 100 or SpEd lOy (3 sem.
hours theory. 3 sem. hoursclinical practice) Corequisites: 3 credits multicultural elective. 3 credits spe­
cial education elective. (6 sem. hours)
Nurs450: Internship — Internship in nursing provides nursing majors (or post-baccalaureate BSN the opportunity to apply nursing-related, but non-clinical, skills and abilities in various agencies pre- .ding health-related services. (3 sem. hours)
Nurs 490:

Independent Study — A program of supervised independent study in nursing,

t !--->

sem. hours)

Parks and Recreation/Environmental
Education Department
Eisenberg. Room 101

(412) 794-7503

The Parks and Recreation/Environmental Education Department offers di­
verse academic programs in five areas of related study. The Bachelor ol Science
in Parks and Recreation offers four options: Community Leisure Services.
Therapeutic Recreation Services. Recreation Resources Management and Inter­
pretive Services. The Bachelor of Science in Environmental Education offers K12 teaching certification.
The Bachelor of Science in Parks and Recreation is accredited by the National
Recreation and Park Association/American Association for Leisure and Recrea­
tion through the National Council on Accreditation. The Bachelor of Science in
Environmental Education was approved for teacher certification by the Pennsyl­
vania Department of Education.
The Department cooperates closely with a variety of governmental (federal,
state and local) and private agencies and organizations in an effort to provide
quality academic and practicum experiences. Special study opportunities in
Commercial/Industrial Recreation; and Park. Recreation and Open Space Plan­
ning are available to interested students. Lifetime Fitness, Recreation Sports,
and Recreation Sports Management are available under a cooperative program
with the Department of Physical Education. A Cooperative Education Program
which permits students to alternate semesters of work and study is available in
cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and National Park Service.
The Seasonal Ranger Training Program qualifies students for seasonal law enfor­
cement commissions with the National Park Service and other park agencies. The
Wilderness Education Association Standard Program for Outdoor Leadership
provides certification focused on the development of judgment in the use of the
outdoors under a low impact philosophy.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 93

The Department cooperates in the operation of the Jennings Environmental
Education Center, the McKeever Environmental Learning Center, the Old Stone
House, and a variety of other nearby resource areas. Cooperation with park, rec­
reation and youth agencies in nearby communities as well as a variety of special
population centers such as hospitals, nursing homes and confinement facilities
enables students to secure experience in community and therapeutic settings.
The Department also assists in the operation of the Mentor (Ohio) School Dis­
trict Camp for fifth graders at Camp Whitewood, Ohio. These, and a variety of
other such activities, provide ample opportunities for students to acquire a sound
base in the practical application of theory knowledge and skills provided in
the classroom.
Graduates of the Department's programs are currently employed in a variety of
positions within the park, recreation and environmental education fields. Many
are serving as community recreation directors or specialists, youth agency direc­
tors, therapeutic recreation specialists, park ranger and managers, park naturalists,
outdoor recreation planners, environmental educators, and a host of similar
positions. The Department, in cooperation with the University Placement Cen­
ter, is actively involved in assisting students with career placement.
Parks and Recreation Curriculum
General Studies (60-61 sem. hours)
Professional Studies (67-68 sem. hours)
Core Studies: (24 sem. hours), PkRc 105, 110 or 220, 251, or 304, 318,
415, and 450
Option Studies: (21-30 sem. hours selected in consultation with Advisor)
CLS: PkRc 215, 230, 234, 316, 436, and 6 semester hours of option
electives.
TRS: PkRc 229, 320, PE 235, 264, and 9 semester hours of option
electives.
RRM: PkRc 21 1, 215, 245, 270, 313, 372, 373, 375, 376, and 475
IS: PkRc 160, 211, 215, 245, 270, 344, 445, and 446
Professional Electives:( 14-23 sem. hours)
Environmental Education
General Studies (60-61 sem. hours)
Professional Education (20 sem. hours)
Culn 200, 230, 362, 380, 282 or 343, CEdP 242, 349
Environmental Education (30 sem. hours)
PkRc 160, 309, 361, 461; G&ES 135, 235; ASFS 492 or 493
Electives (17-18 sem. hours)
All Parks and Recreation or Environmental Education majors must be admitted
to Advanced Standing after completion of 60 credit hours under procedures adop­
ted by the department. A copy of a screening policy and procedures is available in
the department office.

PARKS AND RECREATION COURSES
PkRc 105: Leisure-Centered Living — The constructive use of leisure and educating for leisure are
essential tools for the successful growth and development of people, and in turn, society. Leisurecentered living is designed to help students investigate, evaluate, and plan leisure/play as a basic human
need and necessity for total well-being (wellness). (3 sem. hours)*
PkRc 110: Foundations of Parks and Recreation — The historical and philosophical background of
the leisure movement, recreation organizations and professional development. (3 sem. hours)*
PkRc 160: Environmental Awareness — A field course designed to acquaint students with natural and
man-made environments and their use in environmental education. Field trips required. (3 sem.
hours)*

94 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
PkRc 211: WEA Outdoor Leadership — This course is the WEA Standard Outdoor Leadersnip
course which is conducted in the wilderness for 5 weeks. Prerequisite: By permission of the instruct.
(3 sem. hours)
PkRc213: Environmental Resource Analysis — A study of the principles and techniques of en'- ir
mental resource analysis, landscape and scenery classification and procedures for environmental qual
and impact analyses. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 215: Park and Recreation Public Relations — The theory, principles and practices of public
relations of value to parks and recreation personnel includingoral, written and graphic presentations us ful in intra-agency public relations and interpretive efforts. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 220: Therapeutic Recreation Services — This course is designed to introduce the student to -re
general field of therapeutic recreation and provides a knowledgeable background of the involv ed s pec:populations. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 229: Clinical Aspects of Therapeutic Recreation — This course includes: charting profiles
case studies, individual and group assessment of recreation needs, analysis of activities for client neeo
adaptive equipment and activities for daily living for special opportunities. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 230: Recreation Leadership — The theory, principles and practices of recreation leaders nip
including program planning, organization, activity values and evaluation. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 234: Leisure Services Programming — This course focuses on recreation program plann r g.
implementation. and evaluation. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 245: Interpretive Methods and Programming — A study of the principles and methods to inter­
pret natural and cultural history in parks and other settings. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 251: Field Experience — Opportunities for basic practical experience in a variety of park an_
recreation/environmental education settings. Consent of instructor. (1 sem. hour) May be repeated _r
to 3 times.
PkRc 270: Principles of Outdoor Recreation — The use of outdoor resources for recreation, the - e
of the public and private sectors in outdoor recreation, and outdoor recreation planning. < 3 senhours)
PkRc 271: Law Enforcement Firearms — This course provides basic orientation to and qualifies: or
with the .38 caliber revolver and familiarization with the 12 gauge shotgun including safety and "shoatno shoot" situations. (1 sem. hour)
PkRc309: Practicum in Recreation Leadership/Environmental Education — Observ ation ap
ticipation in recreation leadership or environmental education. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. • i.-3
sem. hours)
PkRc 310: Commercial Recreation —A study of the various forms of commercial recreation, busines and facilities providing recreational opportunities. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 313: Recreation Resource Development — A study of the fundamentals of site planning foe rec­
reation areas and facilities. Field trips required. Prerequisite: a basic planning and design course or or- re­
sent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 316: Selected Park and Recreation Facilities — A study of the design, operation and m ::
tenance of special park and recreation facilities. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 318: Park and Recreation Administration — The organization and administration of par?.- as:
recreation services includingorganizational management, personnel practicesand labor relations, fin £ n
cial and business procedures and legal aspects. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc320: Recreation Programming for Special Populations — Techniques of recreational program
planning and leadership adapted to the needs of individuals in various special populations. Prereq jisite
PkRc 220 or consent of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 325: Outdoor Adventure Therapeutic Recreation — Adaptions of outdoor adventure activities
to the needs, interests, abilities and limitations of individuals in special populations. Prerequisite PkRc
220 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 344: Interpretive Planning — A study of interpretive prospectus preparation and physical sne
planning for interpretive services. Field work required. Prerequisite: PkRc 345. (3 sem. hours t

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 95

PkRc 354: Cooperative Education III — A supervised work experience for students in the Coopera­
tive Education Program. May be taken twice. (6 sem. hours)
PkRc 361: Environmental Teaching — This course is a study of educational methodology using a total
environmental perspective. Field trips required. Prerequisite: G&ES 135 or consent of instructor.
(3 sem. hours)
PkRc 362: Camping and Outdoor Education — A study of camp development and administration,
outdoor education programming and techniques of teaching outdoor skills. Field trips required.
(3 sem. hours)
PkRc 372: Park Ranger Services — A study of park ranger services including information, safety, res­
cue and law enforcement services. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 373: Park Maintenance — A study of maintenance services and administration for park and rec­
reation areas. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 375: Forest Management — Basic concepts and management practices for forest resources.
Field trips. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 376: Wildlife Management — Basic concepts and management practices for wildlife resources.
Field trips. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc412: Open Space Planning — F undamentals of open space planning including feasibility studies,
resource analysis, site analysis and planning and design fundamentals. Field trips. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc413: Recreation Resources Analysis— A comprehensive, in-depth recreation resource analysis
study. Comprehensive report required. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 415: Issues in Parks and Recreation — An integrated course for detailed study of current issues
in parks and recreation with stress on unique and imaginative solutions to the challenges facing the
recreation/parks profession. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 420/620: Recreation and the Aging Process — A study of the characteristics and needs of the
aged as applied to the provision of recreational services in community and institutional settings. Prere­
quisite: PkRc 220 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 429: Problem Solving in Therapeutic Recreation — Problems related to the total scope of
Therapeutic Recreation are studied, along with possible solutions. Prerequisite: PkRc 220 or consent of
instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 436: Intramural Administration — A study of the organization, administration and supervision
of intramural programs. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 445: Interpretive Facilities Management — A study of museum administration including
techniques of the collection, preservation and exhibition of museum items. Field trips required. Prere­
quisite: PkRc 355 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 446: Interpretive Analysis — A comprehensive, in-depth, interpretive analysis study. Com­
prehensive report required. Open only to recreation majors. Prerequisite: PkRc 344. (3 sem.
hours)
PkRc 450: Internship — A supervised off-campus work experience in an appropriate aspect of parks
and recreation work. Open only to certified recreation majors. Offered on Pass-Fail basis. (6-12
sem. hours)
PkRc 454: Cooperative Education IV — A supervised work experience for students in the Cooperative
Education Program. May be taken twice. (6-9 sem. hours)
PkRc461: Environmental Education: Administration and Planning— Educational administration,
curriculum development and facility design for environmental educational programs. Field trips
required. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 470: Resource Policy and Administration — A study of the administrative and executive
aspects of resource management. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 471: NPS Law Enforcement — This course provides an overview of NPS law enforcement
policies and procedures, relevant laws. Title 36 CFR. and Courtroom Procedures. (3 sem. hours)

96 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
PkRc 472: Park Law Enforcement — This course provides basic law enforcement skills essenti .si J •the park law enforcement ranger. (3 sem. hours)
PkRc 475: Recreation Resources Management — The principles and practices of recreationaI 1
and water management. Field trips required. Prerequisite: PkRc 301 or consent of instructor.
sem. hours)
PkRc 478: Resource Management Planning — A study of resource management planning applied to
park and recreation areas. Prerequisites: PkRc 340 and 475 or consent ot instructor, i
hours)
PkRc 490: Independent Study — A special study opportunity for students to investigate m-dep tr
approved topics in recreation or environmental studies. Topic and credit established by student ar»d
supervising instructor. (1-3 sem.hours)

Physical Education Department
Morrow Field House, Room 115

(412) 794-732

The Department of Physical Education offers an innovative undergraduate
physical education major program that prepares students to enter the teaching
and coaching profession as well as many non-teaching careers. Non-teaching
options include Corrective Therapy, Gerontology, Lifetime Fitness, Sport Com­
munication and Sport Management.
The Corrective Therapy track is designed to develop professional physical
education specialists to assist physicians with the rehabilitation of individuals
who may have various physical and/or mental conditions which might ha\ e
impaired their motor ability. The corrective therapist applies the principles, con­
cepts, and techniques of physical education in the rehabilitation process. The
professionally trained corrective therapist may also pursue careers in adapted
physical education, perceptual motor development, or other related programs
Curricular emphasis is in the Social and Behavioral Sciences and includes a 1 2 hour internship experience under the supervision of trained hospital personnel
Employment opportunities exist in hospitals, nursing homes, and various
agencies.
The Gerontology track is designed to prepare students to apply the principlesconcepts, and techniques of physical education to the various movement prob­
lems senior citizens encounter as a result of the aging process. Employment
opportunities are available in senior citizen centers, retirement complexes and
nursing homes. Curricular preparation relies heavily on the Social and Behav iorai
Sciences and includes a 3-12 hour internship.
The Lifetime Fitness track is designed to prepare the student to administer
physical fitness programs for various populations with a major emphasis on adult
fitness. The preparation program includes the measurement of fitness parameters,
the evaluation of the present level of physical fitness, and the prescription of pro­
grams to improve physical fitness within adult populations. The program utilizes
the Natural and Behavior Sciences as a foundation for course work. The lifetime
fitness program requires a 12-hour internship. Employment opportunities are
available in the YMCA/YWCA, industries and other large commercial busi­
nesses.

Undergraduate Degree Programs —97

The Sport Communication track is designed to prepare the student for a career
which could include radio and television broadcasting, and sport reporting. The
student also has an opportunity to pursue a career in sports information. A sixhour internship in the Communication Department is required. Employment
opportunities are numerous in the program and are only limited by the student's
ability to market himself/herself.
The Sport Management track is designed to provide the student with the
necessary business, management, marketing and public relations skills to suc­
cessfully manage sport related agencies. Employment opportunities exist in
YMCA/YWCA, health clubs, sports clubs and other sport related agencies.
Curricular preparation includes a 6-12 hour internship.
Students selecting to pursue a career in physical education with teacher cer­
tification may acquire additional employment opportunities by becoming cer­
tified in physical education related areas or may elect an emphasis option.
All students choosing the teacher certification option must complete the stu­
dent teaching requirements. If a student elects an additional certification or
emphasis option, hours beyond the minimum 128 hours may be required.
Emphasis Options: Concentrated course work in a specialized area which
includes 12-credit hours of student teaching and culminates with the student
being awarded a Bachelor of Science in Education degree in Health and Physical
Education. Emphasis options exist in the following areas:
Aquatics
Gerontology
Athletic Coaching
Individualized Education for the
Athletic Training Certification
Handicapped, Gifted and Aged
Corrective Therapy
Lifetime Fitness
Dance
Sport Communication
Driver Education Certification
Sport Management
The total program is designed to provide a comprehensive background of
knowledge while allowing students the flexibility of electing courses in a variety of
physical education areas. As an important aspect of the wellness concept, all
students are required to complete one semester hour of Personal Physical Fit­
ness. Slippery Rock University recognizes the importance of wholesome physi­
cal activity and requires one additional semester hour in physical education for all
non-majors. These requirements are designed to provide students with the
attitudes, appreciations and skills necessary for meaningful participation in
physical activity during and after the college years.
Admission Requirements. The Physical Education Department has adopted a
screening procedure which allows the student time to correct deficiencies which
may prohibit the granting of "advanced standing." The procedures used are as
follows. After completing 48 credits, the student through the advisor applies for
formal admission to the Physical Education Department. In order to be granted
acceptance, the student must:
1. Have completed all basic skills courses.
2. Have received a rating of 2.0 or above on all five student profile ratings and
have a composite score of 2.0 or above (achievement, character traits,
social adjustment, professional characteristics, and communication
skills).
3. Have completed a self-evaluation through a course, career lab, testing,
etc.
4. Have attained the cumulative average and major average required of the
specific track of his/her choice.
5. Have the recommendation for acceptance from his/her advisor.

98 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

The average requirements for the tracks are:
1. Teacher education, Lifetime Fitness, Gerontology, and Sport Com­
munication: 2.25 or above cumulative, 2.0 or above major QPA.
2. Corrective Therapy: 2.7 QPA or above cumulative, 3.0 or above major.
3. Sport Management: 2.0 or above for both cumulative and major.
The student will be admitted to advanced standing after completing 60 hours and
after earning a 2.40 major average if in the Teacher Education, Lifetime Fitness.
Gerontology, and Sport Communication tracks. The major average for the Cor­
rective Therapy track is the 3.0 or above as previously stated; the major average
for the Sport Management track is the 2.0 or above as previously stated. The stu­
dent may not apply for advanced standing until accepted into the department.
Requirements for Majors in Health and Physical Education. — A Physical
Education professional core of 28 hours is required of ALL students who wish to
obtain a degree in health and physical education. The professional core serves as
a foundation for the variety of professional career options that are currently avail­
able for health and physical education majors.
Physical Education Professional Core

Hours
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
HSE
PE
PE
PE
PE

160
264
267
375
365
101
274
100
101
102

Dimensions of Physical Education
Applied Anatomy
Kinesiology
Physiological Theory of Exercise
Developmental Physical Education
Personal Health
Measurement and Evaluation
Lifetime Clinic
Team Sport Clinic I
Team Sport Clinic II

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1

FUNDAMENTAL COURSES
PE
PE
PE
PE

105
106
107
108

Dance
Gymnastics
Aquatics
Movement

1
1
1
1
28

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 99

Physical Education Teacher Certification Requirements
Hours
General Studies (Elements pf Physics required)
60
Professional Core
28
Teaching and Coaching Courses
(Select five from 19 offered)
5
5
HPER Electives
Professional Education
30
CEDP
242
Educational Psychology
or
CEDP
349
Child Development
or
CEDP
350
Adolescent Psychology
or
HSE
303
Health and Safety Curriculum in Elementary Schools
or
HSE
304
Health Instruction in Secondary Schools
HSE
302
Contemporary Health Problems
PE
150
Practical Application of Physical Education
PE
371
Teaching P.E. in the Elementary School
PE
372
Teaching P.E. in the Secondary School
PE
468
Organization and Administration of P.E.
ASFS
494
Student Teaching

128
Required Coursework in Physical Education Non-Teaching Options
Corrective Therapy
BIOL
106 and 107 Anatomy and Physiology
Elements of Physics
201
PHYS
Principles of Behavior
110
PSYC
Physiological Psychology
311
PSCY
Principles of Sociology
201
SASW
Abnormal Behavior
376
PSYC
Contemporary Health
302
HSE
Modalities and PH Exam
207
HSE
Practical Application in Lab School, Nursing Home and VA Hospital
Social Psychology
377
PE
Adapted Physical Education
366
PE
Therapeutic Exercise
367
PE
Introduction to Diseases
309
HSE
Organization & Administration of Corrective Therapy
469
PE
Theory of Fitness Programming
484
PE
Teaching P.E. in Secondary Schools
373
PE
ARC and CPR Certifications

100 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Gerontology
SASW 344
PSYC
344
PSYC
365
HSE
202
HSE
414
INDS
265
PKRC
220
PE
276
PE
PKRC
PE

367
420
469

HSE
PE

350
484

Lifetime Fitness
BIOL
101
BIOL
205
CHEM 105
PHYS
201
SASW 201
PSYC
110
MATH 114
or
CPSC
160
HSE
HSE
PE
PE
PE
PE

202
350
170
474
484
276

Sociology of Aging
Life Span Development Psychology
Phychology of Aging
Nutrition and Health
Death & Dying
Basic Gerontology
Therapeutic Recreation
Physiological Aspects of Aging and Human Per­
formance
Therapeutic Recreation
Recreation and the Aging Process
Organization and Administration of Corrective
Therapy
First Aid and Safety
Theory of Fitness Programming

General Biology
Human Physiology
Contemporary Chemistry
Elements of Physics
Principles of Sociology
Principles of Behavior
Statistics
or
Introduction to Programming and Information
Systems
Nutrition and Health
First Aid and Safety
Psych-Social Basis of Sport
Physical Fitness Assessment and Instrumentation
Theory of Fitness Programming
Physiological Aspects of Aging

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 101

Sport Management
MATH 114
or
CPSC
151
or
CPSC
160
PHYS
201
BUSA
209
BUSA
250
COMM 215
or
COMM 231
BUSA
230
BUSA
333
or
BUSA
340
or
BUSA
354
PKRC
220
PKRC
230
PKRC
234
PKRC
360
HSE
350
CEDP
349
or
CEDP
350

Elementary Statistics
or
Computer Concepts
or
Introduction to Computer Programming
Elements of Physics
Fundamental Accounting Principles I
Principles of Management
Small Group Communications
or
Introduction to Public Relations
Principles of Marketing
Marketing and the Consumer
or
Legal Business I
or
Personnel Management
Therapeutic Recreation Services
Recreation and Leadership
Leisure Services Programs
Park and Recreation Administration
First Aid and Safety
Child Development
or
Adolescent Psychology

Sport Communication
(Interdisciplinary Requirements: Physical Education, English and Communica­
tion Departments)

102 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

PHYSICAL EDUCATION ACTIVITY COURSES

The following courses deal with the skill, knowledge and appreciation of the
activities indicated by the title. These courses are open to all students. (1 sem.
hour each)
PE 111:
PE 114:
PE 115:
PE 116:
PE 118:
PE 121:
PE 122:
PE 125:
PE 126:
PE 127:
PE 128:
PE 129:
PE 132:
PE 134:
PE 135:
PE 136:
PE 140:
PE141:
PE 142:
PE 145:
PE 146:
PE 149:
PE 151:
PE 154:
PE 156:
PE 161:
PE 180:
PE 181:
PE 185:
PE 186:
PE 187:
PE 188:
PE 189:
PE 220:
PE 221:
PE 222:
PE 223:
PE 224:
PE 225:
PE 240:
PE 245:
PE 246:
PE 247:
PE 248:
PE 289:
PE 322:
PE 346:
PE 348:
PE 349:
PE 420:
PE 445:
PE 446:
PE 447:

Lacrosse
Orienteering*
Hatha Yoga*
Archery and Fencing*
Basketball
Beginning Folk. Square and Social Dance*
Elements of Ballet*
Cycling*
Field Hockey
Touch and Flag Football
Horsemanship*
Golf and Bowling*
Beginning Gymnastics
Judo*
Karate*
Officiating of Sports
Downhill Snow Skiing I*
Personal Physical Fitness*
Soccer
Softball
Beginning Swimming*
Tennis*
Track and Field
Volleyball
Wrestling
Adapted Physical Education Activity
Basic Camping*
Adventures in Backpacking*
Trapshooting
Cross Country Skiing*
Flatwater Canoe Tripping*
Sailing*
Basic Canoeing*
Beginning Modem Dance*
Intermediate Folk, Square and Social Dance
Jazz Dance I*
Rhythms for the Elementary School (K-6)
Rhythms for the Secondary School (7-12)
Tap Dance*
Downhill Snow Skiing II
Water Polo
Intermediate Swimming
Beginning Synchronized Swimming
Springboard Diving
Advanced Canoeing
Jazz Dance II
Lifesaving and Aquatic Activities
Aquatic Leadership
Skin and Scuba Diving*
Choreography and Dance Production
Teaching Swimming to the Handicapped
Water Safety Instruction
Organization & Administration of Handicapped Swimming

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 103

The following courses are designed principally for majors in physical education to
acquaint them with a large number of activities and to emphasize basic safety and
teaching principles. (1 sem. hour each)
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE

100:
101:
102:
105:
106:
107:
108:

Lifetime Sports Clinic*
Team Sports Clinic I
Team Sports Clinic II
Dance Fundamentals*
Gymnastic Fundamentals
Aquatic Fundamentals*
Movement Education

The following courses are required courses offered by the Physical Education
Department for physical education majors:
PE 160:
PE 264:
PE 267:
PE 274:
PE 365:
PE 375:

Dimensions of Physical Education
Applied Anatomy
Kinesiology
Measurement and Evaluation
Developmental Physical Education
Physiological Theory of Exercise*

The following courses are designed principally for majors in physical education
and offer experiences leading to competency in teaching and coaching the various
activities. (1 sem. hour each)
PE 201:
PE 202:
PE 203:
PE 204:
PE 205:
PE 206:
PE 207:
PE 208:
PE 209:
PE 210:
PE 211:
PE 212:
PE 213:
PE 214:
PE 215:
PE 216:
PE 217:
PE 219:
PE 446:

Teaching and Coaching Dance
Teaching and Coaching Competitive Aquatics
Teaching and Coaching Wrestling
Teaching and Coaching Field Hockey
Teaching and Coaching Racquet Sports
Teaching and Coaching Golf and Archery
Teaching and Coaching Soccer
Teaching and Coaching Gymnastics
Teaching and Coaching Softball
Teaching and Coaching Basketball
Teaching and Coaching Football
Teaching and Coaching Self-Defense
Teaching and Coaching Fencing and Bowling
Teaching and Coaching Lacrosse
Teaching and Coaching Volleyball
Teaching and Coaching Track and Field
Teaching and Coaching Baseball
Implementation of Gymnastic Progressions
Water Safety Instruction

Physical Education Required Courses
PE 150: Practical Application of Physical Education — This course is designed to provide thestudent
with early on structured observations, micro-teaching experiences and seminars to enhance his/her
awareness, understanding and comprehension about children, adolescents, personnel, and teaching
styles in public and private schools and related agencies. (1 sem. hour)
PE 160: Dimensions of Physical Education — This course orients the student in the philosophy,
objectives and scope of professional physical education. (3 sem. hours)
PE 169: Sport History — Study centers around the historic and philosophic analysis of the nature and
evolutionary role of physical education in society. (3 sem. hours)
PE 170: Psycho- Social Bases of Sports — A study of the relationships between sport and various psy­
chological and sociological factors, for example, social processes, personality, self-concept. (3 sem.
hours)*
PE 235: Human Movement for Special Populations — The study of human movement patterns with
emphasis on the development of efficient movement for special populations. Efficient movement pat­
terns will be based on anatomical, mechanical, and physiological principles. No prerequisites required.
(3 sem. hours)

104 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
PE 264: Applied Anatomy — A study of the structure of the human body with particular emphasis on
the skeletal, muscular, nervous systems. (3 sem. hours)
PE 267: Kinesiology — The study of analysis of human motion as based on anatomic, physiologic ana
mechanical principles. Laboratory included. Prerequisites: PE 264, Physics 201. (3 sem. hours
PE 274: Measurement and Evaluation — Designed to give the student a concept of the evaluative
techniques used in physical education. (3 sem. hours)
PE 275: Women in Sport — This course emphasizes the problems, processes and patterns of sport
involvement of women in utilizing an historical, sociological, psychological and biological approach.
The focus is primarily on women in the United States, although the sport participation of women in other
cultures is also examined. (3 sem. hours)
PE 276: Physiological Aspects of Aging and Human Performance — The study of the physiologica-^
aspects of the aging process with emphasis on the effects of physical activity on health in the later years of
life and on the degenerative process of aging. The course will stress the physiological responses to aging,
which are influenced by exercise and the physiological rationale for lifelong physical activity. No prere­
quisites required. (3 sem. hours)
PE 365: Developmental Physical Education — This course is designed to help students learn to use
programs of development for individualized instruction in which each child s progress can be measured
and monitored through improvement in physical, social, perceptual and skills activities. The course
emphasizes the inclusions of all handicapped children in the educational process and the placement ot
them in the least restrictive of all educational environments. (3 sem. hours)
PE 366: Adapted Physical Education — The study and application of the principles, methods, arte
organization and administration of diversified programs of developmental, remedial, corrective and
therapeutic physical activities designed to meet the needs, interests and exercise tolerance ofthe atypical
person. Particular emphasis is placed on the pathology and etiology of handicapping disabilities. (3 sem.
hours)
PE 367: Therapeutic Exercise — The purpose of this course is to enable the student to perform full
manual muscle testing procedures and develop appropriate exercise routines to accommodate a variety
of physical disabilities. The course will also enable the learner to understand the therapeutic processes
and various widely accepted rehabilitation techniques. Prerequisite: PE 264 or permission of instructor.
(3 sem. hours)
PE 369: Philosophy and Psychology of Coaching — This course emphasizes the relationships
involved in the association of the coach with the administration, student body, players, press and com­
munity. (3 sem. hours)
PE 371: Teaching Physical Education in the Elementary School — The course is an indepth field
experience designed to prepare students to teach elementary school physical education and deals with
teaching techniques and methods, program and lesson planning, and a comprehensive study of growiand development characteristics of elementary children. (3 sem. hours)
PE 372: Teaching Physical Education in the Secondary School — The course is designed to prepare
students to teach in secondary schools. The students are prepared to utilize the various styles of teach ins
and are given teaching opportunity to implement the various methods in an in-service situation. (3 sem.
hours)
PE 375: Physiological Theory of Exercise — The study of the physiological bases of exercise with
emphasis on the adaptation of the systems of the body to stress. The effects of exercise are studied by
means of participation in weekly laboratory experiences. (3 sem. hours)
PE 420: Choreography and Dance Production — This course is designed for students who are in­
terested in studying different approaches in choreographing and producing dances for stage presen­
tations. (1 sem. hour)
PE445: Teaching Swimming to Special Populations — This course is a practical application through
a laboratory experience combined with lectures and discussion related to the aquatic experiences taught
to the multiple handicapped child. Prerequisite: current water safety instructor's certificate. American
Red Cross. Special education majors should have above average swimming skills and permission of
instructor. (1 sem. hour)

Undergraduate Degree Programs —105

PE 446: Water Safety Instructor — An aquatic leadership training course leading to certification as an
American Red Cross Safety instructor. The course concentrates on (1) demonstration, development and
analysis of aquatic skills from a teaching viewpoint, (2) methods of class organization, instruction and
examination, and (3) practice in teaching methods. Prerequisites: current Red Cross Advanced Life
Saving Certificate and knowledge and performance of nine strokes. (1 sem. hour)
PE447: Organization and Administration of Swimming Programs For Special Populations —This
course provides practicalexperience in thesupervision and organizationof aquatic programs for the mul­
tiple handicapped. Prerequisite: PE 445 or special permission of instructor. (1 sem. hour)
PE 450: Internship — Internship in physical education has been developed to providestudents with the
opportunity to practice and/or apply physical education career-oriented skills in various agencies of the
community. The internship is designed to be an in-depth experience terminating aseries of prerequisite
courses which could vary with each experience. The student must follow the steps in the application pro­
cess before enrolling. (3-12 sem. hours)
PE 465: Program Implementation in Physical Education for the Handicapped — This course
develops competencies in the implementation of developmental activities for mentally, emotionally,
physically and neurologically handicapped children of age level five years to 20 years. Prerequisite: PE
365 or consent of instructor. (1 sem. hour)
PE467: Program Implementation in Pre-School Physical Education — This course develops com­
petencies in the implementation of perceptual, motor activities for children of pre-school age. These may
be normal children with learning disabilities who function under MA of five years. Prerequisite: PE 365
or consent of instructor. (1 sem. hour)
PE 468: Organization and Administration of Physical Education — This course emphasizes the
organization and administration of instructional and extra-class programs in physical education. Prere­
quisite: completion of physical education methods courses: seniors only. (3 sem. hours)
PE 469: Organization and Administration of Corrective Therapy — This course is designed to pro­
vide the student with information concerning the organization and administration of corrective therapy
programs. This course is required by the American Corrective Therapy Association prior to a candidate
taking the certification examination. (3 sem. hours)
PE 474: Physical Fitness Assessment and Instrumentation — This course is designed to provide the
theoretical and practical basis to properly select and utilize the instrumentation and techniques for physi­
cal fitness assessment. Prerequisites: PE 274. PE 375. (3 sem. hours)
PE 484: Theory of Fitness Programming — This course stresses the application of the physiological
concepts of exercise in personalizing cardiovascular activities. Observations in assessing physical fit­
ness. prescribing individual programs and conducting supervised exercise sessions will be emphasized.
Prerequisites: PE 375. (3 sem. hours)
PE 490: Independent Study — With the approval of the student's advisor and department chairperson,
a student may pursue an individual project in physical education especially suited to meet the student's
need. (1-3 sem. hours)
PE 498: Selected Topics — (3 sem.-hours)

106 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES
AND FINE ARTS

The School of Humanities and Fine Arts is dedicated to the organization,
expression, and interpretation of experience through language and the fine arts
and to the development of an understanding and appreciation of the human res­
ponses to the world in their cultural and artistic forms. The Art. Music and
Theatre departments develop an appreciation and understanding of artistic ex­
pression in their appropriate media while the students are guided to develop per­
sonal expression through their own artistic endeavors. English develops writing
skills together with an historical understanding and appreciation of the best that is
written in the language. Communication develops understanding and skill in the
use of the spoken word from interpersonal to mass communication including the
use of modern technology, like television and radio. Modern Languages and
Cultures is concerned with the development of reading, writing, and speaking
skills in a foreign language, as well as the understanding of a foreign culture
through a study of its literature. Philosophy concerns itself with the whole range
of human experience and through rigorous reasoning and self-conscious method­
ology attempts to find an integrating vision and meaning for the world of man.
Dedicated to learning in the liberal arts tradition, the School of Humanities and
Fine Arts provides an excellent basis for rewarding and productive careers.
Graduates find employment in business, industry, the arts, government, ministry,
and social service. Students who seek more education will find a program in this
school to be excellent training for careers in law, medicine, theology, and
teaching.

Art Department
Art Building I, Power House Extension, West Hall

(412) 794-7271

Students who elect a major in art will develop the capacity to make tangible
their aesthetic response to experience. By increasing their awareness of them­
selves, their environment and their culture, and by learning to think and act
creatively, the humanities students prepare themselves for a life enriched through
art. The broadly based Bachelor of Arts program with a concentration in art pro­
vides students with a diversified background which prepares an excellent founda­
tion for further study.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 107

Requirements for the B.A. Degree with a major in Art
Required Art (12 sem. hours)
Art 103, 104, 215, 216
Studio requirements:
12 hours selected'from 233, 234, 235, 236, 237
9 hours selected from 301, 302, 303
6 hours Senior Studio 401
The Bachelor of Fine Arts degree is a program for students interested in art as
a profession. It is an intensive program of study aimed at developing a foundation
of attitudes, traits and abilities that will begin a lifetime as an artist. Emphasis is
placed on students' personal experiences as the source of motivation. The
broadly based General Studies program provides students with a diversified
background which when augmented by their professional training should lead to
successful careers in art and applied art vocations.
Requirements for the B.F.A. Degree with a major in Art (69 sem. hours)
Foundation courses
6 hours Art 103
6 hours Art 104
Art 215,216
6 hours selected from 316, 330, 340, 350, 410
15 hours selected from 233, 234, 235, 236, 237
6 hours selected from 301, 302, 303, 304
6 hours Senior Studio 401
Art Seminar 403
6 hours Senior Project 450
3 hours Art Electives
Candidates for the Bachelor of Fine Arts degree are required to complete the
General Studies program along with their professional course work in the Depart­
ment of Art.
ART COURSES
Art 102: Introduction to Art — This course introduces the student to art as a viable expression of con­
temporary life. The experience of art through media forms a basis for discussion and study. (3 sem.
hours)*
Art 103: Basic Studio — The student in this course is introduced to primary functions of twodimensional art. The student through creative studio practice discovers relationships relevant to his/her
role as an artist (6 sem. hours — may be repealed for a maximum credit of 9 hours)*
Art 104: Basic Studio — A course introducing the student to primary functions of three-dimensional
art. The student through creative studio practice discovers relationships relevant to his/her role as an
artist. (6 sem. hours — may be repeated for a maximum credit of 9 hours)*
Art 200: Art: Activities and Fundamentals — This course provides for the study of child development
through creative activities. It includes theory, experimentation with two and three dimensional pro­
cesses which are appropriate to the elementary classroom methods of motivation, evaluation, and
classroom management. (3 sem. hours)*
Art 215: Prehistoric Through Medieval Art — A survey course intended to familiarize the student with
the stylistic development and chronology of the visual arts of Western man. (3 sem. hours)*
Art 216: Renaissance Through Modern Art — A survey course intended to familiarize the student
with the stylistic development and chronology of visual arts of Western man. Covers the periods and
styles prevalent in the Western worlds from the 15th Century to the present. (3 sem. hours)*

108 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
Art 233: Art Synthesis 1 — A course providing student options in working with painting, photography
ordrawing. Emphasis is given to the synthesisof student experience through art. Technical instruction in
each of the three areas is given. Prerequisite: Art 103. (3sem. hours-may be repeated for a maximum
credit of 9 hours)*
Art 234: Art Synthesis II — A course providing student options in working with ceramics, sculpture or
metalsmithing. Emphasis is given to the synthesis of student experience through art. Technical instruc­
tion in each of the three areas is given. Prerequisite: An 104 (3 sem. hours — may be repeated for a max­
imum credit of 9 hours)*
Art 235: Art Synthesis III — A course providing student options in working with planographic printir. g.
relief and serigraphic printing or intaglio printing. Emphasis is given to the synthesis of student
experience through an. Technical instruction in each of the three areas is given. Prerequisite: Art 103
(3 sem. hours — may be repealed for a maximum credit of 9 hours)*
Art 236: Art Synthesis IV — A course broadly conceived to include many possibilities in forming and
decorating fibrous material for aesthetic and functional purposes. Emphasis is given to the synthesis of
student experience through the use oftraditional methods such as weaving, knotting, batiking.dyeing ana
printing, as well as modern techniques involving various materials. Prerequisite: Art 104 (3 sem. hours
— may be repeated for a maximum credit of 9 hours)*
Art 237: Art Synthesis V — A continuation of Basic Studio level courses providing an expanding range
of approaches to the solution of studio problems by exploring principlesof design and composition. Pre­
requisites: Art 103 or 104 (3 sem. hours — may be repeated for a maximum credit of 9 hours)
Art 300: Art Seminar — A seminar for advanced art studio majors, designed to sharpen the student s
critical and evaluation skills. Prerequisite: 12 hours of Advanced Studio. (3 sem. hours)
Art 301: Advanced Studio I — A continuation of Art Synthesis I and Art Synthesis II providing an
expanded range of approaches to the solution of advanced studio problems. Prerequisite: 15 hours from
Art 233. 234. 235 or 236 (3 sem. hours — may be repeated for a maximum credit of 9 hours)
Art 302: Advanced Studio II — A continuation of Art Synthesis II and Art Synthesis III providing an
expanded range of approaches to the solution of advanced studio problems. Prerequisite: 15 hours from
Art 233. 234. 235 or 236 (3. 6 or 9 sem. hours — may be repeated for a maximum credit of 9
hours)
Art 303: Advanced Studio III — A continuation of Art Synthesis I. Ill and/or IV providing the
possibility of an expanded range of approaches to the solution of advanced studio problems. Prere­
quisite: 15 hours from Art 233.234,235,236 (3 sem. hours — may be repeated for a maximum credit ot
9 hours)
Art 304: Advanced Studio IV — A continuation of Art Synthesis level courses providing an expanding
range of approaches to the solution of advanced studio problems by exploring principles of design and
composition. Prerequisite: 15 hours from Art 233.234,235or 236( 3 sem. hours — may be repeated for
a maximum credit of 9 hours)
Art 316: American Art History, 1865 to Present — The history of the visual arts in America from the
Civil War to the present. Prerequisite: Art 216 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)*
Art 330: Renaissance Art — The history of the visual arts of Renaissance Europe from the Mid- 14th
Century through the early years of the 16th Century. Prerequisite: Art 216 or consent of instructor
(3 sem. hours)*
Art 340: Mannerism and Baroque Art — The history of the visual arts of Europe between 1520 and
1700 A.D. covers the social, cultural context as well as stylistic trends of the period. Prerequisite: Art
216 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Art 350: Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Art — The history of the visual arts of 19th and 20th cen­
turies. Special emphasis given to the foundations and development of Modern Art. Prerequisite: Art
216 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)*
Art 390: Selected Topics in Art
Art 401: Senior Studio — Independent studio work utilizing studio facilities appropriate tothe accom­
plishment of the student's artistic objectives. Solutions to aesthetic problems are arrived at through con­
sultation with both studio and conference instructors. Prerequisite: 12 hours of Advanced Studio
(3 sem. hours — may be repeated, with the advisor's consent, for credit to a maximum of 9 hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 109

Art 403: Art Seminar — A seminar for advanced art studio majors, designed to sharpen the student's
critical and evaluative skills. Prerequisite: 12 hours of Advanced Studio. (3 sem. hours)
Art 410: Art History Seminar — A seminar for students qualifiedto do independentstudy and research
in art history. Topics are selected through consultation with the instructor. Prerequisite: Art 330,340 or
350. (3 sem. hours)
Art 450: Senior Project — Independent study culminating in a public exhibition demonstrating the
student's artistic stance. (6 sem. hours — Pass-No credit)
Art 490: Independent Study — The course offers the opportunities of advanced creative activity in a
single area of concentration (painting, graphics, ceramics, art history, etc.) to be chosen by the students,
with the consent of the department. Prerequisites include junior or senior standing, course offerings in
chosen area of concentration and acceptance of project proposal by the department. (1-3 sem.
hours)

Communication Department
Eisenberg, Room 213

(412) 794-7268

The Department of Communication is concerned with developing both practi­
cal and theoretical understandingof the process of communication. The Program
includes emphases in speech communication, mass communicationJournalism,
communication arts and communication education.
Students prepare for a variety of careers. For example, recent graduates are
now employed as teachers, actors, broadcasters, journalists, salespersons,public
relations officers, management trainees and as managers of community service
agencies. Others are now pursuing professional training in law, preparation of
any career requiring creative ability and skill in interpersonal relationships.
Requirements for the B.A. in Communication.
Majors in communication are required to complete a 34 semester hour pro­
gram, including Comm 210, Comm 251, Comm 410 and Comm 499. The
balance of the program is individually defined for each student in consultation
with his/her advisor.
Requirements for a Minor in Communication.
The requirement for a minor in Communication is 18 semester hours, including
Comm 412 and Comm 499. At least one additional course (3 semester hours)
must be at the 300 or 400 level. The balance of the program is to be individually
designed for each student in consultation with the advisor.
Comm 200 may not be included as part of a major or minor program. Require­
ments for a Minor in Journalism. (Offered cooperatively with the English
Department)
The requirement for a minor in Journalism is 18 semester hours, including
Comm 251 and Engl 201. Additionally, 6 semester hours must be selected from
Engi 301, Engl 505, Comm 252, Comm 254, Comm 352, and Comm 354: 1-3
semester hours must be selected from Engl 506, Comm 218, Comm 275, and
Engl 207.
Each program will focus on either print or broadcast journalism, as determined
by the student in consultation with an advisor.

110 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

COMMUNICATION COURSES
Comm 101: Speech Fundamentals— The principles and skills of oral communication are studied ana
practiced to develop effectiveness in the finding, ordering, and presentation of ideas. (3 sem. hours
Comm 103: Improvement of Voice and Diction — An elementary study of the physiology of voice
production and the sound patterns of American English for self improvement and as practicum tor futui £
broadcasting and theatre work. Course includes development of discriminating listening skill, as well as
in-class oral practice and a self improvement project of the student's own design in some area of prtu hu
loudness. tempo, voice quality, diction or pronunciation skills. (3 sem. hours)*
Comm 140/Engl 140: Practicum in Journalism — Applications of journalistic principles in student
publications. Performances are criticized in weekly seminars. To be taken afterorwith Engl 241 Conur.
241. (1 credit per semester, for a maximum of 3 semesters.)
Comm 150: Broadcast Practicum— Development ofbroadcast production skills through participation
in college broadcasting activities or by serving as an assistant in a production course previously taken by
the student. May be taken for one hour of credit per semester. May be repeated for maximum total credit
of three semester hours. (1-3 sem. hours)
Comm 200: Public Speaking — Theory and practice of developing and presenting oral messages in a
variety of communication contexts. Students will be expected to develop an understanding of the com­
munication process and to demonstrate proficiency in speechmaking. Prerequisite: Engl 101 or
equivalent and sophomore standing (3 sem. hours)
Comm 210: Basic Concepts in Communication — An overview of basic theories concerning the com­
munication process. Recommended as a basis for major study in the area. (3 sem. hours)*
Comm 215: Small Group Communication Communication problems and processes in small groups.
Topics include role and nature of the small group, communication structure, problem-solving techni­
ques, and leadership. Prerequisite: Comm 200 or exemption. (3 sem. hours)*
Comm 217: Intercultural Communication This course isdesigned to create a greater understanding of
communication patterns and breakdowns which occur as members of one culture group interact w. :th
those of another culture group. This course will alsofoster an increased awareness of particular skills ana
knowledge which can foster more effective intercultural communication. Prerequisites: Comm 200 or
instructor's permission. (3 sem. hours*)
Comm 221: Oral Interpretation of Fiction — The understanding appreciation and presentation of
literature through skill in oral reading. Prerequisite: Comm 200 or exemption. (3 sem. hours)*
Comm 231: Introduction to Public Relations — Principles, history and practice of public relations ixt
business, education institutions, social welfare organizations, government and the military services; the
processes of influencing public opinion; analysis of public relations programs; the responsibilities of the
public relations practioner to his/her principals, to the media, to the public; ethics of public relations
practice; professional public relations organizations; accrediting of public relations practioners; career
opportunities. Prerequisite: Comm 200. (3 sem, hours)*
Comm 241/Eng 241: Introduction to Journalism — Students practice the mechanics of publication
and the writing and editing of news, articles, and reviews. (3 sem. hours)*
Comm 245/Eng245: Basic Reporting — Instruction in writing the news story, discussions of report;al
ethics and techniques, and in-field coverage of news events, feature stories and speeches. Prerequisite:
Comm 241/Engl 241. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 251: Mass Communication — Development of radio and television communication, com­
munication models of mass audiences, and the social, cultural, and political impact of mass media, i 3
sem. hours)*
Comm 252: Radio Production — An introduction to radio production as a communication medium.
Areas of concentration include 1) radio equipment in studio and control room. 2) producing and directing
and 3) writing and performance for radio. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 253 Film Production — An introduction to motion picture photography as a communication
medium. Thestudy and practical application of form aesthetics, technology, composition, and cinematic
style. A film project must be completed. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — III

Comm 254: Television Production — An introduction to television production as a communication
medium. Areas of concentration include 1) television equipment in studio and control room. 2) produc­
ing and directing, and 3) writing and performance for television. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 260: Learning Language — A study of typical or normal language acquisition with attention to
delayed language, as well as English as a second language. Methods and materials for learning our
language "code" come from fields of psycho-linguistics and socio-linguistics. A companion course.
Comm 261. provides extra skill in mastery of the specific sound system of American English.
(2 sem. hours)*
Comm 261: Phonetics of American English — Learning the sounds of American English through pro­
grammed instruction, aself correcting workbook and live dictation sources. Mastery of the International
Phonetic Alphabet leads to a competency exam in either (a) transcription or(b) oral production by those
for whom English is a second language. May serve as a prerequisite to Stage Dialects. (1 sem.
hour)*
Comm 280: Speech for the Classroom Teacher — A study of instructional goals and strategies in the
spoken communication arts, both for employment in speech and theatre classes and for use in the context
of other classes. K-12. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 311: Advanced Public Speaking — A performance course in speech, approached through a
variety of theoretical situations. The use of both traditional and contemporary strategies to adjust to the
demands of an audience and the occasion. Prerequisite: Comm 200.v(3 sem. hours)*
Comm 315: Organizational Communication — A study of the communication behavior of persons in
organizations. Considers the nature of organizations, communication structures in organizations, and
the development of communication training in organizations. Prerequisites: Comm 200. Comm 215 is
helpful but not essential. (3 sem. hours)*
Comm 331: Public Relations Publicity & Campaigns — Course will give student the basic informa­
tion on conducting public relations campaigns and preparing publicity materials. It will lead him/her
through the research and planning of an actual campaign. Prerequisite: Comm 231. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 332: Public Relations Case Studies — An advanced course in the study of public relations, this
course examines selected cases in public relations practice. Through this examination of case studies,
students will be exposed to issues and practices in the public relations profession. Prerequisite: Comm
231. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 341/Engl 341: Advanced Journalistic Writing — Article and editorial writings, industrial
writing and editing, and writing for electronic media. Prerequisite: Comm 241/Engl 241 or permission
of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 342: Sports Journalism — An introductory course in print journalism, introduction to public
relations, journalisticexperience, or permission of instructor. Discussion of ethics and responsible sport
journalism, sports information and public relation interview techniques, broadcast sports journalism. If
possible, guest lecturers in sports information, public relations, and broadcast journalism will speak at
convenient times. Prerequisite: Comm 241/Eng 241. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 343: Feature Journalism — Course will focus on writing feature articles for newspapers and
magazines. Prerequisite: Comm 241. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 351: Broadcast Management and Sales — A study of broadcast management theories, broad­
cast administrative structures, programming practices, business practices, business law. as well as sales
and advertising practices. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 352: Advanced Radio Production — This is a professional-level production course. Each stu­
dent. in addition to workingon several technical exercises, will write, direct, and produce two broadcastquality feature programs: a documentary and a drama. Prerequisites: Comm 252 or permission of
instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 354: Advanced Television Production — An advanced course in the techniques of television
production. Emphasis is given to camera concepts, program formats, producing and directing, broadcast
management, script writing, acting before the camera, and other elements of production. Special projects
are required. Prerequisite: Comm 254. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 356: Script Preparation for the Electronic Media — Writing scripts and continuity for the
media. Special emphasis will be given to script preparation and accepted writing styles used in media.
(3 sem. hours)

112 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Comm 371: Communication Disorders — The most common communication problems encountered
in the school or home: language delay, articulative disorders, voice problems, stuttering and hearing loss.
Psycho-linguistics, differential diagnosis, learning strategies and relations with other professionals, as
well as persons so handicapped, aid in understanding and remediation. (3 sem. hours)*
Comm 410: Communication Law — Discussion of topics related to the field of mass communication
(freedom of the press, libel, invasion of privacy, copyright, obscenity, regulations, etics. and respon­
sibility of the communicator and the agency.) Prerequisite: Senior standing and a major or minor in com­
munication. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 411: History of Public Address — Critical analysis of representative speakers of a selected his­
torical period of social movement in order to establish the extent of their influence and identify its sour­
ces. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 412: Speech, Language & Human Experience — Study of verbal and nonverbal communica­
tive behavior in terms of the form-function relationship, the relationshipof communication to culture and
situation, and communication as a mode cognition. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 413: Communication Theory — A study of contemporary thinking about the communicating
process as seen by the traditional disciplinesof rhetoric and the newer areas of linguistics, sociology. psy­
chology, and general semantics. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 414: Communication Research Methods — An introduction to the principles, procedures, and
tools of research used in the analysis of communication situation, including consideration of research
design and statistical analysis and the identification, control, and measurement of communication
variables. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 441: Issues in Journalism — Study of contemporary controversies and problems in journalism.
(3 sem. hours)
Comm 450: Internship — Supervised placement or research in selected private or public agencies. Per­
mission of the departmental curriculum committee required. (3 to 12 sem. hours)
Comm 455: History of Broadcasting — Survey of the history and development of radio and television
broadcasting in the United States. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 456: Film History — This course deals with the development of the motion picture as an indus­
try and as an art form, from its beginnings through the present time, with an emphasis on the people
involved in that development (inventors, directors, stars), on genres and styles of film-making,
and on
specific historically important films. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 457: The Documentary Film — Evaluation of the motion picture documentary. Analysis of the
form technique, and the impact of the factual film with selected screenings. (3 sem. hours)
Comm 458: Film Theory and Criticism — Analysis of principal theories and critical movements in
film communication. Application of writings of critics,theorists, and directors to representative motion
pictures which will be screened in class. Prerequisite: Comm 251. or permission of instuctor
(3 sem. hours)
Comm 490: Independent Study in Communication — (1-3 sem. hours)
Comm 498: Selected Topics — (3 sem. hours)
Comm 499: Senior Seminar in Communication — An informal course designed to acquaint under­
graduate students of the disciplines in communication arts with the scope of the entire field, its purposes
and methods, and career opportunities. Required of all department majors, both in Humanities and Fine
Arts and Secondary Education. (1 sem. hour)

Undergraduate Degree Programs —113

English Department
Eisenberg, Room 313

(412) 794-7266

Within the liberal arts tradition, English courses integrate the studies of litera­
ture, language, and writing. They introduce students to various authors, American
and British, ancient and contemporary, classic and popular. In addition to the
freshman writing program, courses in film, journalism, creative and technical
writing, and grammar develop skills particularly useful in law, public relations,
government, business, publishing and teaching.
Requirements for the Major in English Liberal Arts. Majors in English are
advised to become acquainted with the main movements and significant facts of
English and American history. A minimum of 30 semester hours in English is
required (exclusive of the freshman composition courses). In the selection of
major courses, students may wish to emphasize American, British, or compara­
tive literature, or they may wish to take courses in the Writing Sequence, which is
completed with the Internship. Seniors with high academic standing are encour­
aged to take independent work in literature or writing.
Required (15 sem. hours)
Six sem. hours:
Engl 401, 402
Three sem. hours of language study, chosen from:
Engl 218, 219. 331. 332
Three sem. hours of writing chosen from:
Engl 201,203,204,205,207,209,215,241,245,301,303,341,407,408,
429,491
Three sem. hours Shakespeare
Engl 289, 312
Electives (15 sem. hours)
Requirements for the Bachelor of Science Degree in English. 36 hours
minimum in addition to General Studies hours. Also, the completion of a sequence
of courses outside the English Department is required as noted below. (Internships
are in addition to the 36 hours in English and the sequence of courses outside the
department. Internships may be granted only to majors in the program with a
QPA of at least 2.5 overall and 3.0 in the major.)
Required (21 sem. hours from the following, including six hours from one of
the sequences):
I. Eng. 205, 407, 491
II. Engl 207,209, 429,491
III. Eng. 204. 408, 491
IV. Eng. 203,, 303.408.491
V. Eng. 215, 501, 491
VI. Eng./Comm. 140. 241, 245, 341, Eng. 505, 491, 498
VII. Eng. 498
Six hours in literature courses numbered 300 or above such as the following: Eng.
311. 312, 313, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 402. 403

114 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Nine hours or competency in one of the following sequences of language
courses:
1. Modern Language 101, 102, 103, or competency at the 103 level.
2. Competency in a recognized computer language as evidenced by the suc­
cessful completion of a 200-level course in Computer Science, but not
CPSC 283 Computers in Education.
3. Eng. 218, 219. 331, 332
Completion of one of the folowing sequences: (Although a major or minor in a
subject in addition to the English major is recommended, one of the following is
reuired as a minimum.)
Political Science, Minor in International/Comparative Politics.
Political Science, Minor in American Politics
Psychology 110, 376, and one of 302, 300, 365, 321, 377
Biology
Business Administration
Courses chosen by student and advisor and okayed by English Department
Chairperson.
Minors in English can be earned with an emphasis in literature or writing. Eigh­
teen credits are required. Students should check with the English Department
Chairperson for specific requirements for each minor.
The English Department's Composition Clinic provides free tutorial services
for all undergraduates with writing problems. Help includes:
— Diagnostic evaluation of writing problems,
— A series of individualized writing exercises,
— Help in revising individual papers, reports,
— Programmed exercises via computer terminals.

ENGLISH COURSES
Engl 100: Basic English Skills — For students who need to develop language skills required for w ritten
composition. Prerequisite for 101 if student needs remedial help. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 101: College Writing — Developing skills in sentence construction and in organizing shorter
forms of college writing. Prerequisite for Engl 103. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 103: College Writing II — Preparing a research paper in a specific areachosen by the student and
instructor. Continuingthe work in composition begun in Engl 101. (3sem. hours) 101 and 103 required
for all freshmen.
Engl 140/Comm 140: Practicum in Journalism — Applications of journalistic principles in student
publications. Performances are criticized in weekly seminars. Tobe taken afteror with Engl 241/Comm
241. (1 credit per semester, for a maximum of 3 semesters)
Engl 190: Selected Topics in English
Engl 203: Introduction to Creative W riting — A beginning course with practice in and discussion of ail
aspects of creative writing. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 204: Composition and Rhetoric — Work in rhetoric and expository, non-creative writing.
(3 sem. hours)*
Engl 205: Technical and Scientific Writing — Work in research and organizing professional papers
and reports. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 207: Advertising Writing and Production — Work in the writing and production of advertising
copy. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 209: Business Writing — Principles and practices of good writing as found in business leters and
report writing. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — II5

Engl 211: Introduction to Drama and Poetry — A critical approach to continental. English and
American drama and poetry. Not open to junior and senior English majors. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 212: Introduction to Fiction — Studies in the short story, the novella, and the novel. Authors are
generally modern and reflect the instructor's choice. Not open to junior and senior English majors.
(3 sem. hours)*
Engl 213: Popular Fiction — Topics will change from semester to semester: include Science Fiction.
Literature of Sport. Detective Fiction. Best Sellers.War Fiction. Terror. Mystery. Comics. Not open to
junior and senior English majors. (3 sem. hours-may be taken twice under different topics)*
Engl 214: Film Analysis — A survey of contemporary and classic films.

(3 sem.hours)*

Engl 215: The Cinematic Review: Historical and Critical Writing — A survey of significant motion
pictures with emphasis upon the techniques of film making and film reviewing. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 218,219: Elementary College Latin — An introductory study ofbasic Latin. One semester may
be taken for credit w ithout the other. This course is cross-listed with the Modern Languages and Cultures
Department. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 223: Modern English and American Literature
Four to six major American and English
authors from 1880-1946. Representative choices are Virginia Woolf. Hemingway. Whitman. Yeats. (3
sem. hours)*
Engl 232: Contemporary American and English Literature
Four to six major American and
English authors from 1945 to now. Representative choices are Bellow. Updike. Auden. Murdoch.
(3 sem. hours)*
Engl 233: Mythology and Literature — A study ofclassical mythology in literary settings, both ancient
and modem. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl241/Comm 241: Introduction toJournalism — Students practice the mechanics of publication
and the writing and editing of news, articles, and reviews. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 242: Afro-American Literature — A study of Black American literature as it pertains to the
American experience. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 243: Literature ofthe Women's Movement — Women authors from various periods read with a
woman's perspective on the world. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 244: American Indian Myth and Legend — A study of Native American Literature as it pertains
to the American experience. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 245/Comm 245: Basic Reporting — Instruction in writing the news story, discussions of reportorial ethics and techniques, and in-field coverage of news events, feature stories and speeches. Prere­
quisite: Engl 241/Comm 241. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 248: Eastern Literature — Study of such standard works as the Bhagavad-Gita. the writings of
Confucius, and the Bible, in addition toother works from India. China, and the countries of the near East.
(3 sem. hours)*
Engl 288: Classic Theatre Tour — The study of classic drama, climaxed by a trip to the Stratford
Shakespeare Festival in Ontario. Canada: the Shaw Festival Theater: or other appropriate theaters in
Toronto. Offered in the summer. Travel fee required. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 289: Stratford Shakespeare Tour — Study of the works and time of Shakespeare, climaxed by a
trip to the Stratford Shakespeare Festival in Stratford. Ontario. Canada. Offered in the summer only.
Travel fee required. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 290: Selected Topics in English
Engl 303: Creative Writing II — Directed writing of poetry, fiction, or drama and workshop discussion
for students who demonstrate ability. Prerequisite: Engl 203 or permission of instructor. (3 sem.
hours)*
Engl 305: Practicum: Teaching Writing — Experience in correcting and grading student writing, and
tutoring student writers. Required for certification to teach English or Communication in the secondary
schools. (1 sem. hour)

116— Undergraduate Degree Programs
Engl 311: Chaucer - Selections from the Canterbury Tales, Troilus and Cressida. and other works of
Geoffrey Chaucer. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 312: Shakespeare — Selected comedies, tragedies and histories with their literary and histoncal
background. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 313: Focus on a Major Writer — Study of one great author, such as Swift. Dickens. Hemingway
or Frost. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 317: English Literature I - Four to six major works or authors from the beginning AnglesSaxon
times through the 18th Century. Representative choices are Beowulf. Chaucer. Milton. Fop
(3 sem. hours)*
Engl 318: English Literature II — Four to six major authors of the 19th Century. Representative
choices are Wordsworth. Keats. Tennyson. Browning. Arnold. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 319: American Literature I - Four to six major authors from the beginning of Puritan times
through the mid-19th Century. Representative choices are Hawthorne. Melville. Emerson. Thoreau.
(3 sem. hours)*
Engl 320: American Literature II — A comprehensive survey of American literature tor the purpose of
noting literary movements and trends, relationships among authors, and historical change in literature.
For juniors and seniors: required for English majors. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 321: The Novel — Study of the novel as a literary type or genre, with examples from various
literatures and historical periods. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 322: The Poem — Study of poetry as a literary type or genre, with examples from various
literatures and historical periods. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 323: The Drama — Study of drama as a literary type or genre, with examples from various
literatures or historical periods. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 324: The Short Story — Study of the short story as a literary type or genre, with examples from
various literatures and historical periods. (3 sem.hours)*
Engl 325: Literature and the Other Arts — Lectures and discussions with pictorial and musical ilf-strations to explore the meaning and relevance of the arts and their relationship to each other.
(3 sem. hours)*
Engl 331: Historical Development of the English Language — An examination ot each historical
period to discover the structure of the language, its spelling, vocabulary, syntax, and the influences or
social conditions upon it. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 332: Traditional Grammar — Brief history of English language; thorough study of traditional
grammar with emphasis on syntax. Differences between prescriptive and descriptive grammar, anc
problems of current usage. (3 sem. hours)*
Engl 341/Comm 341: Advanced Journalistic Writing — Article and editorial writings, industrial
writing and editing, and writing for electronic media. Prerequisite: Engl 241/Comm 241 or permission of
instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 402/602: World Literature — Critical analysis of 19th and 20th Century authors from seven
countries. Norway. Russia. France. Spain. Germany. Eire and Greece. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 403: Literary Criticism — Selected criticisms from Plato to Frye. with application of critical
approaches and principles to works of several genres. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 407/607: Advanced Technical and Scientific Writing — Advanced work in researcn and
organizing professional papers and reports. Prerequisite for Engl 407 is Engl 207. (3 sem. hours
Engl 408/608: Writing for Publication — Methods of writing and preparing manuscripts for pro­
fessional publications. (3 sem. hours)
Engl 429/629: Writing Grant Proposals — Intended for locatingsources for grants and for writing pr ex­
posals for institutional and individual funding, this course will include practice in drafting requests: one of
the writing options for the B.S. in English, it will serve also those persons already in business or pro­
fessional life. Prerequisite: Engl 103 or equivalent. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — /17

Engl 450: Internship — Academic credit given for work done for an outside agency, including
newspapers, radio stations, industrial firms,
government or social service. Pittsburgh Pirates Public
Relations. Prerequisite: at least two sequential courses in the Writing Sequence and approval by
advisor. (3-6 sem. hours)
Engl 490: Independent Study: Literature — A program of supervised independent study. Prere­
quisite: Dean's approval. (1-3 hours per semester)
Engl 491: Independent Writing — Creative or expository writing projects. Prerequisite:
approval. (1-3 hours per semester)

Dean's

Engl 498: Selected Topics in English

Modern Languages and
Cultures Department
Spotts World Culture Building. Room 112

(412) 794-7312

Courses in modern languages not only develop linguistic skills, but also help the
student understand the country whose language he/she is studying. Knowledge of
a foreign language fosters tolerance and flexibility of mind which can help us to
broaden our horizons. It encourages the development of intellectual curiosity, the
ability to express oneself, and the capacity to enrich one's enjoyment of litera­
ture.
It is strongly advised that students take the sequence 101-102-103 in the fresh­
man year whenever possible. No one should postpone this basic requirement
beyond the sophomore year.
The major in modern languages may look forward to a career in business,
government, journalism, education, interpreting, or translating. Students are
encouraged to discuss their career goals with the department chairperson and/
or advisor.

Bachelor of Arts degree in Modern Languages
Specialization: French
Required Courses:
French (24 sem. hours beyond 255)
Fren 300, 305, or 306, 320, ML 350, 454
9 hours of electives
Specialization: German
Required Courses:
German (24 sem. hours beyond 255)
Germ 300, 305, or 306, 320, 454
12 hours of electives
Specialization: Spanish
Required Courses:
Spanish (24 sem. hours beyond 255)
Span 300, 305, or 306, or 307, 320
one 400-level literature course, 454
9 hours of electives

1 is — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Bachelor of Arts degree in Modern Languages
with the International Business Certificate
Specialization: French
Required Courses:
French (24 sem. hours beyond 255)
Fren 300, 303, 305, or 306, 454
12 hours of electives
Economics and Business
Econ 209, 201, 202, 308, 330, 350
two of the following: 407, 408, 437
Specialization: German
Required Courses:
German (24 sem. hours beyond 255)
Germ 300, 303, 305, or 306, 454
12 hours of electives
Economics and Business
Econ 209, 201, 202, 308, 330, 350
two of the following: 407, 408, 437
Specialization: Spanish
Required Courses:
Spanish (24 sem. hours beyond 255)
Span 300, 303, 305, or 306, or 307, 454
12 hours of electives
Economics and Business
Econ 209, 201, 202, 308, 330, 350
two of the following: 407, 408, 437
B.S. in Elementary Education
Specialization: Bilingual Education
Required Courses:
Spanish
Span 205, or 255, 300, 306, 307, 320, 401, 454
electives to reach 21 hours (if necessary)
Education
Culn 324 (Methods for Teaching English as a Second
Language and Bilingual Education)
Specialization: Secondary Education — Spanish
Required Courses:
Spanish
Span 205, or 255, 300, 305 or 306, 307, 320, ML 350, 454
electives to reach 30 hours (if necessary)
Education
Culn 324 (Methods for Teaching English as a Second
Language and Bilingual Education)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 119

B.A. in Business Administration
Specialization: International Business
Required Courses:
Business Core (30 hours)
Language Courses (12 hours)
300, 303, 305 or'306 or 307, 454
Business Courses (6 hours)
308, 407, 408, 437
A student may also earn a minor in a foreign language.
Required courses:
Basic language 101, 102, 103
Individualized Studies 250
or Communication in
255
2 courses at the 300 level

9 hrs.
3 hrs.
6 hrs.
18 hrs.

MODERN LANGUAGES COURSES
ModL 101-102-103: English as a Second Language — A broad and practical working knowledge of
the English language for non-native speakers. Courses will prepare the non-native speaker for college
course work in English. Language laboratory attendance required. Students will be placed at the approp­
riate level based on standardized examination. (Each course carries 3 sem. hours)
ModL 151-152-153: Self-Instructional Languages — Self-Instruction in basic language is open to
serious students with previous language background. The course is designed to develop the speaking,
listening' comprehension of the student on a basic level. Three hours of 101 is the prerequisite for 102.
Three hours of 102 is the prerequisite for 103. Course may be repeated in each language to a maximum of
three credits. Not applicable for modern language requirement of General Studies. Students may choose
among Chinese. Japanese. Serbo-Croatian, and a variety of less-commonly-taught languages.
ModL 220: Introduction to Western Languages — An introduction to the major languagesof the wes­
tern world and a presentation of the historical relationships among the languages, along with a practical
initiation to the various languages. (3 sem. hours)*
ModL 350: Linguistics and Phonetics — An introduction to general linguistics and the practical
application of linguistics to the study of French. German, or Spanish. Analysis and practice of the sound
system of the foreign language. Prerequisite: 250 or 255 in either French. German, or Spanish. Com­
plete in one of the three languages. (3 sem. hours)*

FRENCH COURSES
Fren 101-102-103: Basic French I, II, III — A broad and practical working foundation in the language.
French 101 or the equivalent is the prerequisite for French 102. French 102 or the equivalent is the pre­
requisite for French 103. (3 sem. hours each)*
Fren 210: French Literature in Translation — A study of representative French literary works,
emphasizing the individuals and ideas which have influenced French and foreign literatures. The course
will be given in English: no knowledge of French required. For non-French majors. (3 sem. hours)*
Fren 250: Individualized French Studies — An emphasis on the active use of the language in the field
of the student's chosen interest. Readings in French will be selected by the student, department, and
academic advisor from a wide variety of areas. Prerequisite: Fren 103 or equivalent. (3 sem.
hours)*
Fren 255: Communicating in French — A functional course in speaking and writing French, stressing
everyday vocabulary and structure. Prerequisite: Fren 103 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Fren 300: French Grammar Review — An intermediate grammar review course emphasizing the basic
structure of French. Prerequisite: Fren 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Fren 303: Business French — An introduction to basic French language usage in commerce and com­
mercial correspondence. Prerequisite: Fren 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)

120 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
Fren 305: French Civilization — An advanced course in the study of the development of French
civilization from the earliest times to the end of the 19th century. Prerequisite: Fren 250 or 255 or the
equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Fren 306: Modern France — A study of contemporary French life and attitudes today. Prerequisite.
Fren 250 or255 or the equivalent for French majors. Also open to non-majors for general education w itr.
no prerequisite. (3 sem. hours)*
Fren 320: Main Currents in French Literature — An introduction to the study of French literature
through prose, drama, and poetry. Prerequisite: Fren 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)
Fren 335: Women in French Literature — A study of French women authors and of French women as
literary characters in French literature. Prerequisite: Fren 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem
hours)*
Fren 390: Selected Topics in French — Also open to non-majors. (1 -3 sem. hours)*
Fren 402: Eighteenth-Century Novel — A study of the Age of Enlightenment as reflected in the novel.
Prerequisite: six hours of French at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Fren 403: Nineteenth-Century French Literature — Readings from the romantic, realistic, and
naturalistic movements. Prerequisite: six hours of French at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours.)
Fren 404: Modern French Literature — A study of various aspects of modem French literature. Pre­
requisite: six hours of French at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Fren 411: Literature of the Classical Period — A study of French Classicism, emphasizing the plays of
Corneille. Moliere. and Racine. Prerequisite: six hours of French at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours ]
Fren 454: Advanced French Grammar — An advanced course in the study of French grammar and
usage. Prerequisite: six hours of French at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Fren 490: Independent Study — The outstanding student has an opportunity to study a selected area of
particular interest to him/her. (1-3 sem. hours)

GERMAN COURSES
Germ 101-102-103: Basic German I, II, III — A broad and practical working foundation in the
language. German 101 or the equivalent is the prerequisite for German 102. German 102 or the
equivalent is the prerequisite for German 103. (3 sem. hours)*
Germ 210: German Literature in Translation — A study of representative German literary' w orks,
emphasizing the individuals and ideas which have influenced German foreign literatures. The course
will be given in English; no knowledge of German required. For non-German majors. (3 seim
hours)*
Germ 250: Individualized German Studies — An emphasis on the active use of the language in the
field of the student's chosen interest. Readings in German will be selected by the student, department,
and academic advisor from a wide variety of areas. Prerequisite: Germ 103 or equivalent. (3 sern,
hours)*
Germ 255: Communication in German — A functional course in speaking and writing German stress­
ing everyday vocabulary and structure. Prerequisite: Germ 103 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours j*
Germ 300: German Grammar Review — An intermediate grammar review course empasizing the
basic structure of German. Prerequisite: 250 or 255 or the equivalent (3 sem. hours)*
Germ 303: Business German — A study of the German language as related to business and commerce
A consideration of tfie form and language of the business letter in German. Prerequisite: Germ 250 or
255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)
Germ 305: German Civilization — A study of the development of German civilization from its earliest
beginnings to its modem times. Prerequisite: Germ 250 or 255 or the equivalent for German majors
Also open to non-majors for general education with no prerequisite. (3 sem. hours)*
Germ 306: Modern German Civilization — A study of the civilization of German-speaking areas in
the twentieth century. Prerequisite: 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Germ 320: Main Currents in German Literature — An introduction to the study of German literature
through prose, drama, and poetry. Prerequisite: 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 121
Germ 390: Selected Topics in German — (1-3 sem. hours)*
Germ 403: Nineteenth-Century German Literature — Readings in the drama; study of its develop­
ment. Prerequisite: six hours of German at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Germ 411: Contemporary German Literature — A study of the outstanding authors writing in Ger­
man in the present century. Prerequisite: six hours of German at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Germ 454: Advanced German Grammar— An advanced coursein the study of German grammar and
usage. Prerequisite: six hours of German at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Germ 490: Independent Study — The outstanding student has an opportunity to study a selected area
of particular interest to him/her. (1-3 sem. hours)

ITALIAN COURSES
Ital 101-102-103: Basic Italian I, II, III — A broad and practical working foundation in the language.
Italian 101 or the equivalent is the prerequisite for Italian 102. Italian 102 or the equivalent is the prere­
quisite for Italian 103. (3 sem. hours each)*
Ital 210: Italian Literature in Translation — A study of the main currents of Italian literature from the
Renaissance to modem times, with emphasis on the contemporary. The course will be given entirely in
English; no knowledge of Italian required. For non-Italian majors. (3 sem. hours)*
Ital 250: Individualized Italian Studies — An emphasis on the active use of the language in the field of
the student's chosen interest. Readings in Italian will be selected by the student, department, and
academic advisor from a wide variety of areas. Prerequisite: Ital 103 or equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Ital 255: Communicating in Italian — A functional course in speaking and writing Italian stressing
everyday vocabulary and structure. Prerequisite: Ital 103 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Ital 390: Selected Topics in Italian — (1-3 sem. hours)* Also open to non-majors.
Ital 490: Independent Study — The outstanding student has an opportunity to study a selected area of
particular interest to him/her. (1-3 sem. hours)

RUSSIAN COURSES
Russ 101: Basic Russian I — A broad and practical working foundation in the language. Russ 101 or
the equivalent is the prerequisite for Russian 200. (3 sem. hours)*
Russ 200: Individualized Practical Russian — A course designed to develop studentskills in the Rus­
sian language. May be taken for one to three credits each semester. Russian 101 and six credits of Rus­
sian 200 or the equivalent satisfies the Liberal Arts language requirement. May be repeated up to 21
hours. Prerequisite: Russ 101 or the equivalent* (1-21 sem. hours)
Russ 210: Russian Literature in Translation — A study of representative Russian literary works from
its origins to 1917. In English; no knowledge of Russian required. (3 sem. hours)*
Russ 211: Modern Russian Literature in Translation — A study of representative Russian literary
works from 1917 to the present. In English, no knowledge of Russian required. (3 sem. hours)*
Russ 306: The Soviet Scene — A broad study of the social, political, historical, economic, and cultural
situations of the Soviet Union from its origin in 1917 to the present. Course is taught in English.
(3 sem. hours)*
Russ 390: Selected Topics in Russian — (1-3 sem. hours)* Also open to non-majors.
Russ490: Independent Study — The outstanding student has an opportunity to study a selected area of
particular interest to him/her. (1-3 sem. hours)

122 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

SPANISH COURSES
Span 101-102-103: Basic Spanish I, II, HI — A broad and practical working foundation in the
language. Spanish 101 or the equivalent is the prerequisite for Spanish 102. Spanish 102 or the
equivalent is the prerequisite for Spanish 103. (3 sem. hours each)*
Span 210: Spanish Literature in Translation — A study of selected Spanish literary works, emphasiz­
ing the individuals and ideas which have influenced Spanish and foreign literatures. The course «ill b-e
given in English: no knowledge of Spanish required. For non-Spanish majors. (3 sem. hours)*
Span 250: Individualized Spanish Studies — An emphasis on the active use of the language in the tielc
of the student's chosen interest. Readings in Spanish will be selected by the student, department, and
academic advisor from a wide variety of areas. Prerequisite: Span 103 or equivalent. (.- sem.
houre)*
Span 255: Communicating in Spanish — A functional course in speaking and writing Spanish stress­
ing everyday vocabulary and structure. Prerequisite: Span 103 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Span 300: Spanish Grammar Review — An intermediate grammar review course emphasizing the
basic structures of Spanish. Prerequisite: Span 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Span 303: Business Spanish — Designed to acquaint the student with the necessary vocabularylinguistic knowledge, and language skills related to Hispanic foreign trade, commerce, and office pro­
cedures. Prerequisite: Span 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)
Span 305: Spanish Civilization — A study of history of Spain and of important components of its cu 1ture. such as art. architecture, and daily life. Prerequisite: Span 250 or 255 or the equivaient(3 sem. hours)*
Span 306: The Civilization of South America — Development of Latin-American civilization and
aspects of the culture of Latin-American countries. Prerequisite: Span 250 or 255 or the equivalent.
(3 sem. hours)*
Span 307: U.S. Spanish-Speaking Minority Cultures — A study of the cultural background of the
members of the Spanish-speaking minorities in the United States, especially the Chicanos. Puerto
Ricans and Cubans. Prerequisite: Span 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Span 308: The Civilization of Mexico and Central America — A study of the development of the
civilization of Mexico and Central America and important aspects of their culture, such as art. architec­
ture, and daily life. Prerequisite: Span 250 or 255. or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Span 320: Main Currents in Hispanic Literature — An introduction to the study of Hispanic literature
through prose, drama, and poetry. Prerequisite: 250 or 255 or the equivalent. (3 sem. hours I*
Span 335: Women in Hispanic Literature — A study of Hispanic women authors and of Hispanic
women as literary characters in Hispanic literature. Prerequisite: For Spanish credit. Span 250 or 2c5.
or the equivalent. For non-Spanish credit, no prerequisite. (3 sem. hours)*
Span 390: Selected Topics in Spanish — (1-3 sem. hours)* Also open to non-majors.
Span 401: Individualized Aural-Oral Skills — This course will provide the opportunity for advanced
students to improve their aural comprehension and their conversational abilities in Spanish. Prere­
quisite: Span 250 or 255 and six hours at the 300 level.
Span 415: Cervantes— Reading and discussion ofDon Quixote and various exemplary novels. Prere­
quisite: six hours of Spanish at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Span 418: Theatre ofthe Golden Age — A study of representative 17th century Spanish plays and their
authors. Authors include Lope de Vega. Calderon de la Barca. and Tirso de Melina. Prerequisite: six
hours of Spanish at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Span 420: Modern Spanish Novel — A study of the Spanish novel from Galdos tothe present. Prere­
quisite: six hours of Spanish at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Span 422: Spanish Generation of 98 — Study and analysis of the most important works of represen­
tative authors of this period. Authors include Unamuno. Azorin. Baroja. Maeztu. Machado. Prere­
quisite: six hours of Spanish at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 123

Span 430: Contemporary Latin-American Novel — A study of the representative novels of Latin
America. Prerequisite: six hours of Spanish at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Span 454: Advanced Spanish Grammar — An advanced course in the study of Spanish grammar and
usage. Prerequisite: six hours of Spanish at the 300 level. (3 sem. hours)
Span 490: Independent Study — The outstandingstudent has an opportunity to study a selected area of
particular interest to him/her. (1-3 sem. hours)
090ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE
ESL 101-102-103: English as a Second Language — A broad and practical working knowledge of the
English language for non-native speakers. Courses will prepare the non-native speaker for college course
work in English. Language laboratory attendance required. Students will be placed at the appropriate
level based on standardized examination. (Each course carries 3 sem. hours)

Music Department
Swope Music Building, Room 225

(412) 794-7276

The Music Department offers courses for the general student, as well as the stu­
dent who wishes to pursue a career in music. Courses include study in Applied
Music, Music Literature, Music Theory and Composition, Ear Training, Music
Education, Music Therapy and a variety of instrumental and vocal performing
ensembles. Students electing courses in music will develop specific performance
skills and interests, as well as a greater perception of their musical heritage and
environment. The music major may look forward to a career in music merchan­
dising. private teaching, performance or composition, broadcasting, publishing,
music education, or music therapy. Students wishing a minor in music may audi­
tion for the twenty-five semester hour program.

Requirements for the Music Major
All incoming music majors must audition on a major instrument or voice, take a
theory placement examination, and be interviewed by a committee.
Four degrees are offered by the Music Department: Bachelor of Arts. Bachelor
of Music, Bachelor of Science in Music Education, and a Bachelor of Science in
Music Therapy. In the Bachelor of Arts degree the student may choose to
emphasize performance, composition, music and business, or music and librarianship. In the Bachelor of Music degree the student may emphasize perfor­
mance or theory.
E ach music major is required to participate in performing music ensembles and
is required to fulfill the following 34-35 semester hours: Comprehensive Musi­
cianship and Music Literature/History: Music 151, 152,251,252. 171,271,
371. All music majors are required to make a "C" grade in all Comprehensive
Musicianship and applied major courses.
Applied Music: Piano, Organ, Voice, Woodwinds, Brass, Strings. Seven
semester hours in a major area and six semester hours in minor areas for the
Bachelor of Arts degree candidate and eight semester hours in a major area and
six semester hours in minor areas for the Bachelor of Music degree candidate are
required. (A minimum of four semester hours is required in an applied key­
board area.)

124 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Bachelor of Arts major will select, in consultation with a Music Department
advisor, eight additional hours in music courses. The Bachelor of Arts major in
performance will present a senior recital and is encouraged to develop an indepen­
dent study project. All music majors are required to perform in their major
applied area once each semester in a performance class. During the first semester
of study, the student may be exempted from performance class by the instructor's
recommendation. A jury is required each semester in the student's major
applied area.
The Bachelor of Music major will audition for a major in performance or
theory. An additional fifty-five hours of course work will be determined accord­
ing to the major area. Bachelor of Music majors are expected to participate in
small ensembles, as accompanists, and in special ensembles appropriate to their
major instrument. The performance major will participate in recitals regularly
and present a solo recital the senior year.
The Bachelor of Science in Music Education program prepares students to
teach, supervise and administer school music programs, vocal and instrumental,
in grades K-12. Music Education majors will select a major instrument. Field
experience and student teaching are required of all students
Bachelor of Science in Music Therapy: A six-month period of clinical training
in an approved music therapy program under the direction of a Registered Music
Therapist is required in addition to the 128 semester hours of on-campus training
for the music therapy major. This clinical training follows the four years of
academic work. After completion of the degree requirements from a certified
school, the graduate may apply to the National Association of Music Therapy to
become a Registered Music Therapist. A student may obtain dual certification in
Music Therapy and Music Education.

Bachelor of Arts Degree in Music
Music (50 sem. hours)
Musi 151, 152, 251, 252, 171, 271, 371 (21 sem. hours)
Applied Major (7 sem. hours)
Applied Minor (6 sem. hours)
Ensembles (8 sem. hours)
Electives with advisement (8 sem. hours)
Electives (18 sem. hours) (All candidates for the BA must demonstrate com­
petency in a foreign language at the 103 level either by course work or place­
ment tests)
TOTAL DEGREE HOURS 128

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 125

Bachelor of Music Degree
Music (56 sem. hours)
Musi 151, 152, 251, 252, 171, 271, 371, 332. 333, 347, 348. 349, 351,
452 (34 sem. hours)
Applied Major (8 sem. hours)
Applied Minor (6 sem. hours)
Ensembles (8 sem. hours)
Performance Major (24 sem. hours)
Keyboard Pedagogy 431 or Vocal Pedagogy 433 (3 sem. hours)
Songs and Singers 276 or Chamber Music Performance 221 (3 sem.
hours)
Senior Recital (applied) (1 sem. hour)
Independent Study 490 (1 sem. hour)
Elective (recital or independent study) (2 sem. hours)
Music Electives: 102, 104, 105, 231, 232, 347, 348, 350, 490 (14 sem.
hours)
Theory Major (24 sem. hours)
Electronic Composition 350 (1 sem. hour)
Keyboard Improvisation 231 (1 sem. hour)
Instrumental Improvisation (1 sem. hour)
Counterpoint, Electronic Composition and Independent Study (6 sem. hours)
Music electives 102, 104, 105, 221. 276, 431, 433, 490 (15 sem. hours)
Free electives (3 sem. hours)
Bachelor of Science in Music Education
Music (65 sem. hours)
Professional Education (20 sem. hours) including:
Elementary Student Teaching (6 sem. hours)
Secondary Student Teaching (6 sem. hours)
Bachelor of Science in Music Therapy
Music (with advisement) (57 sem. hours)
Music Therapy (17 sem. hours)
Internship (3 sem. hours)
The following courses are required by the National Association for Music
Therapy:
Intro to Except. Child-SpEd 100
Abnormal Behavior-Psych 376
Anatomy & Physiology-Biol 106
And nine additional hours in psychology
MUSIC COURSES
Musi 101: Introduction to Music — A survey course designed to develop thestudent's perception and
understanding of changing musical styles and practices in western culture. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 102: Introduction to World Music — A course designed to survey non-western musical
traditions and practices. Emphasis is given to the music of India. China.Japan. Africa, the Middle East
and the American Indian. (3 sem.hours)*
Musi 104: Introduction to American Music — A survey course designed to develop the student's
knowledge and understanding of music composed and performed in the United States between 1620 and
the present. (3 sem. hours)*

126 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Musi 105: Jazz — The stylistic development of jazz and its relevance to society. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 107: Fundamentals of Music — Understanding and using music notation and terminology.
(3 sem. hours)*

One credit for every semester of satisfactory participation is granted for any of the
following music performance groups. These ensembles are also available without
credit.
Musi 115: University Choir — Some 60 to 70 men and women, chosen by audition, to study and per­
form the great choral literature from the Renaissance to the present. Concerts are presented on campus
and on tours. Four hours a week rehearsal time. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 116: Symphonic Choir — A large ensemble chosen by audition to study and perform the great
choral literature. Three hours a week rehearsal time. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 117: Chamber Singers — A small ensemble of well-blended voices appropriate for the perfor­
mance of madrigals and other chamber vocal music. Four hours a week rehearsal time. (1 sem.
hour)*
Musi 118: Marching Band — The Rocket Marching Band performs during the half-time at football
games, both home and away, and for other special events. Much of its music isspecially arranged. Open
to all students. Ten hours a week rehearsal during the football season. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 119: Concert Band — The Concert Band members are carefully selected to provide a balanced
instrumentation of the best players. Music written for concert band is the main repertoire. Concerts on
campus and on tour. Eight hours a week rehearsal time. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 120: Jazz/Rock Ensemble — Students learn to perform in both jazz and rock idioms. Improvisa­
tion, original student compositions and arrangements are encouraged. Four hours of rehearsal a week;
ensemble performs on and off campus. Open to all students. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 121: Orchestra — The Orchestra is a string ensemble, with winds and percussion added when
needed, which performs music from the orchestral repertoire. Admission by audition. Three hours a
week rehearsal time. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 122: Chamber String Ensemble — The Chamber String Ensemble is asmall ensemble intended
for the study and performance of chamber music written for strings. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 123: Brass Ensemble — The Brass Ensemble is a small select ensemble of brass players which
studies and performs music for brass from all historic periods. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 124: Woodwind Ensemble — The Woodwind Ensemble is a small select ensemble of woodwind
players which studies and performs music for woodwinds from all historic periods. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 127: Orientation to Music Therapy — Orientation to the field of music therapy through lectures,
readings, films, and field trips to clinical centers. (1 sem. hour)
Musi 131: Class Piano I — For beginners with no previous keyboard experience. Fundamentals of note
reading beginning piano repertoire, melody harmonization and improvisation. Of particular value to the
student wishing to gain a working knowledge of the piano either as a classroom tool, or for personal use.
One class meeting and one laboratory session each week. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 132: Class Piano II — Continued development of skills begun in Musi 131. One class meetingand
one laboratory session each week. Prerequisite: Musi 131 or equivalent. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 133: Class Voice I — Designed for the purpose of studying the techniques and problems of voice
production. Valuable to the student interested in imprrving vocal skill. One class meeting and one
laboratory session each week. (1 sem. hours)*
Musi 134: Class Voice II — Continuation of Class Voice I. One class meeting and one laboratory ses­
sion each week. Prerequisite: Musi 133 or equivalent. May be repeated for credit, maximum of three
credit hours (1 sem. hours)*
Musi 135: Class Strings I — Beginning study of violin, viola, cello or string bass. No previous
experience required. Instruments are provided by the college. One class meeting and one laboratory ses­
sion each week. (1 sem. hour)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs —127

Musi 136: Class Strings II — A continuation of the basic techniques developed in Class Strings I. One
class meeting and one laboratory session each week. Prerequisite: Musi 135 or equivalent. May be
repeated for credit, maximum of three credit hours. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 137: Class Guitar I — The fundamentals of guitar playing. The student must provide his/her own
instrument. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 138: Class Guitar II — Continued development of skills begun in Class Guitar I. May be repeated
for credit of maximum of three credit hours. Prerequisite: Musi 137 or equivalent. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 141-148: Applied Music — With the approval of the applied music teacher, lessons are available
in piano, organ, voice, guitar, and any of the standard strings, brass, woodwind or percussion instru­
ments. Materials studied will depend on the student's background and ability. Normally, one lesson and
five hours of practice each week grants one credit. Two credits are possible with approval from the
department chairperson and instructor.*
Musi 151: Comprehensive Musicianship I — The student will study the grammar and literature of
music through personal involvement in the musical disciplines of composition, analysis, listening, and
performance. Three class meetings and two laboratory sessions each week. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 152: Comprehensive Musicianship II — This course is a continuaton of Comprehensive
Musicianship I. The student will study musical literature written between 600-1750 through composi­
tion. analysis, aural discrimination, diatonic harmony, modal counterpoint, and performance. Music
majors should take this course simultaneously with History of Music I. Three class meetings each week
with two laboratory sessions required. Prerequisite: Musi 151 or equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 171: History of Music I — A survey of musical styles from the ages ofclassical Greece and Rome
through the Baroque period. Important composers and their literature will be discussed in relation to
artistic, social, political.and economic conditions of their period. (Music majors should plan to take this
course simultaneously with Comprehensive Musicianship II.) Prerequisite: Musi 101 or permission of
department chairperson. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 201: Studies in Children's Music — Listening, moving, playing instruments, singing and creating
using repertoire suitable for children considering various developmental levels. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 205: Music in Recreation — A practical study of the ways and means of planning effective music
programs for leisure and recreation, and developing the competencies needed by a music leader in recrea­
tion. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 221: Chamber Music Performance — A chamber ensemble (of various instrumental com­
binations) which studies and performs music from many style periods. May be repeated for credit max­
imum of eight credits. Prerequisite: by permission of department chairperson only. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 227: Behavioral Techniques in Music Theory — Consideration of historical bases and experi­
mental evidences of the influence of music on behavior: principles of music therapy: behavioral observa­
tion techniques. Lab: Application of techniques. Prerequisite: Musi 127 or permission of instructor.
(3 sem. hours)
Musi 229: Clinical Integration — A supervised clinical experience allowing the music therapy student
practical experience in a variety of community health care agencies and educational settings. A total of
six hours are required. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. (1 sem. hour) (P/NC)
Musi 230: Clinical Integration — A supervised clinical experience allowing the music therapy student
practical experience in a variety of community health care agencies and educational settings. A total of
six hours are required. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. (1 sem. hour) (P/NC)
Musi 231: Keyboard Improvisation — Melody harmonization and improvisation at the keyboard in
20th century popular and jazz styles. One class meeting and one laboratory session each week. Prere­
quisite: Musi 132 or equivalent. (1 sem. hours)*
Musi 232: Instrumental Improvisation — This course teaches the basic concepts of improvisation,
chord notation, chord styles, and jazz and rock, including free improvisation. Open to all instrumen­
talists. One class meeting and one laboratory session per week. May be repeated for credit three times
for a maximum of three credit hours. (1 sem. hours)*
Musi 245: Class Brass — A study of the fundamental concepts needed to play brass instruments
(French horn, trumpet, trombone, baritone horn, tuba) both as soloists and in ensemble. (1 sem.
hour)*

128 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
Musi 246: Class Woodwinds — A study of the fundamental concepts needed to play instruments of the
woodwind family and the factors peculiar to each instrument. (1 sem. hour)*
Musi 247: Class Percussion — To study the technical possibilities and the most concise notation of the
sounds of the percussion instruments with concentration on the melodic percussion instruments.
(1 sem. hour)*
Musi 251: Comprehensive Musicianship III — The course is a continuation of the Comprehensive
Musicianship 1 and 11 semesters in which the student will study the musical literature of the years 17501900 through the means of chromatic harmony, analysis, scorereading, aural discrimination, composi­
tion and performance. Music majors should take the course simultaneously with History of Music II.
Three class meetings each week and two laboratory sessions required. Prerequisite: Musi 152 or
equivalent. (3 sem. hours)
Musi 252: Comprehensive Musicianship IV — This course is a continuation of the Comprehensive
Musicianship I, II and III sequence. Musical literature of the 20th century will be approached through
analysis, listening, scorereading, composition and performance. Music majors should plan to take this
simultaneously with History of Music III. Three class meetings per week and two laboratory sessions
required. Prerequisite: Musi 251 or equivalent. (3 sem.hours)
Musi 271: History of Music II — This course examines the musical events from the period of the
Rococo through the 19th century. Lectures, readings, performances and listening sessions develop the
student's musical understanding of the period. (Music majors should plan to take this course simulta­
neously with Comprehensive Musicianship III). Prerequisite: Musi 101 or permission of the depart­
mental chairperson. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 275: Keyboard Music — This course will examine the music literature for western keyboard
instruments using live and recorded performances. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 276: Songs & Singers — This course will examine music literature for voice. Areas of considera­
tion include solo songs, opera, oratoria, and vocal chamber music. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 278: Literature of the American Musical Theater — A study of the changing styles in the musi­
cal theater from 1860 to current Broadway musicals, rock operas, and operetta. Study conducted
through the use of recordings, scores and participation. (3 sem. hours)*
Musi 327: Psychology of Music — Combined study of acoustics, the ear and hearing, musical systems,
and physiological processes involved in music behavior. Consideration of research methods applied in
psychology of music problems through examination of selected research studies and practical applica­
tion. Prerequisite: Psych 100 and 110 and Musi 227. (4 sem. hours)
Musi 329: Clinical Integration — A supervised clinical experience allowing the music therapy student
practical experience in a variety of community health care agencies and educational settings. A total of
six hours are required. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. (1 sem. hour) (P/NC)
Musi 330: Clinical Integration — A supervised clinical experience allowing the music therapy student
practical experience in a variety of community health care agencies and educational settings. A total ot
six hours are required. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. (1 sem. hour) (P/NC)
Musi 328: Music Therapy Practicum — Seminar and practical experience in clinical supervision. Pre­
requisite: Musi 127, 227, 327, and 427. (3 sem. hours)
Musi 332: Vocal Conducting — This course is designed to give the student a practical know ledge of
choral conducting techniques and a theoretical understanding of the Vocal Ensemble and its function
from auditions through performance. To be taken only by juniors and seniors. Prerequisite: Musi 107or
equivalent. (1 sem. hour)
Musi 333: Instrumental Conducting — The practical aspects of learning to conduct the instrumental
rehearsal and performance. Also a consideration of acoustical properties and basic techniques of the
instruments. Problems of ensemble and balance, intonation, precision, and interpretation are studied.
To be taken only by juniors and seniors. Prerequisite: Musi 107 or equivalent. (1 sem. hour)
Musi 334: Secondary School Music — The course is designed to prepare the student to teach junior
and senior high school vocal music, chose appropriate teaching materials, supervise a music program,
and become aware of professional organizations, workshops, and conferences. (2 sem. hour)
Musi 347: Counterpoint I — This study of practiceof writingmusic accordingto contrapuntal theory of
the 16th century. Prerequisite: CM IV. Course may be repeated up to 3 hours. (1 sem. hour)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 129

Musi 348: Counterpoint II — The study and practice of writing music according to contrapuntal theory
of the 18th century. Prerequisite: CM IV. Course may be repeated up to 3 hours. (1 sem. hour)
Musi 349: Composition — Compositional techniques relative to the student's interest will be studied
through an analysis of works by major composers. Although no definite idiom is prescribed, contem­
porary techniques are encouraged. Prerequisite: Musi252orpermissionofinstructor. May be repeated
for credit, maximum of three credit hours. ( 1 sem. hour)
Musi 350: Electronic Composition — A course designed to present the elements involved in electronic
composition. The student will compose using magnetic tape and synthesizer. Prerequisite: CM IV or
permission of departmental chairperson. Course may be repeated up to 3 hours. (1 sem. hour)
Musi 351: Arranging/Orchestration — This course covers the basic concepts of arranging relative to
instrumental and vocal groups. Emphasis is placed on the making of arrangements in addition to the
transcription of composition. Prerequisite: Musi 251 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Musi 371: History of Music III — This course examines the musical events from approximately 1890
to the present. Lectures, readings, performances and listening sessions develop the student's musical
understanding of the period. (Music majors should plan to take this course simultaneously with Com­
prehensive Musicianship IV.) Prerequisite: Musi 101 or permission of the departmental chairperson.
(3 sem. hours)*
Musi 390: Selected Topics — To be announced each semester. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.
(3 sem. hours)
Musi 401: Instrumental Methods — Instrumental methods is a music education course designed to
prepare the student for a career in public school instrumental music, including: appropriate literature,
repairofinstruments. public relations, and rehearsal techniques. Prerequisites are: Musi 135.136.245,
246. 247. 333. (2 sem. hour)
Musi 429: Music Therapy for Children — Application ofmusic therapy techniquesand materials in all
areas of health, correctional therapy, and special education. Prerequisite: Musi 227 and 327.
(3 sem. hours)
Musi 430: Music Therapy for Adult Clients — Application of music therapy techniques and materials
in all areasol mental health, corrections, and special education. Emphasis is placed on adult populations
and ground dynamics. Clinical field experience is done concurrently. Prerequisite: Musi 227. 429.
(3 sem. hours)
Musi 431: Keyboard Pedagogy — Analytical study of voice production techniques. Evaluation of
scientific, psychological and physiological methods of voice teaching. Prerequisite: two semesters of
Applied Voice or equivalent. (3 sem. hours)
Musi 432: Clinical Integration — A supervised clinical experience allowing the music therapy student
practical experience in a variety of community health care agencies and educational settings. A total of
six hours are required. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. (I sem. hour) (P/NC)
Musi 433: Clinical Integration — A supervised clinical experience allowing the music therapy student
practical experience in a variety of community health care agencies and educational settings. A total of
six hours are required. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. (1 sem. hour) (P/NC)
Musi 450: Music Therapy Internship — A continuous six-month internship following completion of
course work in a NAMT approved music therapy program under the direction of a Registered Music
Therapist. Required for all candidates for music therapy registration. Prerequisite: Completion of all
academic degree requirements. (3 sem. hours)
Musi 452: Form and Analysis — A course stressing the development of analytical skills and designed
to give the advanced student a knowledge and understanding of the standard forms in music from 16001976. Prerequisite: Musi 252 or equivalent. (3 sem. hours)
Musi 490: Independent Study — A program of work allowingthe outstanding student an opportunity to
pursue independent study at this level under the direction of the music faculty. Prerequisite: Any 12 sem.
hours in the music department's curriculum and approval of departmental chairperson and instructor.
(1-3 sem. hours)

130 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Philosophy Department
Eisenberg Building, Room 113

(412) 794-7322

Philosophy is concerned primarily with developing a deeper and more meaning­
ful understanding of one's self, one's world, and one's place in the world. It seeks
to tie together the findings of the various other disciplines and explored areas that
they have not yet looked into. It encourages carefulness in thinking and the forma­
tion of a viewpoint that integrates many specialized perspectives into a unified
whole.
Philosophy also develops the following skills, which are extremely valuable
both in most areas of study as well as in every day situations:
Analytical thinking: deals with the ability to break down complex problems
and ideas into their simpler parts and to reason logically about them.
Evaluation thinking: involves the assessment of the relative and absolute
worth of things, ideas, and experiences, and what follows from that assess­
ment.
Synthetic thinking: integrates various aspects of one's college learning exper­
ience into a meaningful whole.
Thus Philosophy integrates a person's education by developing thinking skills
and promoting a humanistic view of life. It provides the essential remedy to the
danger of over-specialization.
Students who major in Philosophy are well-prepared for further study and for
careers in fields which demand critical insight, value-assessment, and the ability
to see things from a broader perspective. Philosophy majors find successful ca­
reers in education, managerial positions, and other people-oriented pro­
fessions.

Majors in Philosophy
Three types of major in Philosophy offer a variety of possibilities to meet differ­
ing needs of students wishing to have a strong philosophical emphasis in their
education.
1. Professional Major (B.A.) in Philosophy: A 40 credit-hour course of
study which offers an intensive concentration in philosophy. Primarily for
students seeking a career in philosophy with the intention of continuing
their studies in graduate school.
Required course: Phil 103,123,301,371,372,490, plus 3 courses which
are 300-level or above (exclusive of 301, 371 and 372). 101 may be
counted if taken as a first course in Philosophy.
2. Liberal Arts Major (B.A.) in Philosophy: A 30 credit-hour program aim­
ing at giving a broad understanding of human existence with a focus on one
of three tracks:
1) Humanities and Fine Arts
2) Social and Behavioral Sciences
3) Natural Science and Mathematics

Undergraduate Degree Programs— 131

Required courses: Phil 103 or 301, 371, 372. Also, one Ethics course (123 for
HFA-track, 123, 124, 125, or 126 for SBS and NSM tracks). A minimum of 3
courses must be taken in each track. (See chairman for courses in each track.) 101
may be counted if taken as a first course in Philosophy.
3. The Career-Related Major in Philosophy: A 24 credit-hour program in
philosophy which ties in with an interest and goals in another area, such as
Business, Communication, Counseling, Education, Environmental Studies,
Fine and Performing Arts, Future Studies, Journalism, Law, Life Sci­
ences, Medical and Health Care, Ministry, Physical Sciences. Politics,
Public Administration. Recreation, Social Welfare, and Technology.
This is designed to be a second major, along with a B.A. or B.S. in the
student's other major.
Required courses: Each area of specialization has four to five required
courses. (See chairperson for courses in specific areas.)
Students seeking to identify their major in a specific department should realize
that they are obligated to fulfull the requirements of that department.

PHILOSOPHY COURSES
Phil 101: Introduction to Philosophy — A first encounter with the natureof philosophical thinking, in
which man's view on his own nature and of the world becomes challenged, explored and deepened.
(3 sem. hours)*
Phil 103: Introduction to Logic — Aims at understanding the nature of conceptual thinking including
the role of language, correct and incorrect ways of reasoning, and elementary techniques of modern logi­
cal analysis, as well as at the improvement of one's skill in conceptual thinking. (3 sem. hours)
Phil 123: General Ethics — An introduction to the study of what belongs to right action and toa life well
lived. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 150: Introduction to Religious Studies — An investigation into the various structures and pos­
sible approaches to the phenomenon of religion which will include topics on the nature of religious
language; the relation of religious phenomena to the structures of human existence; and the difference
between the sacred and the profane. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 163: Philosophy in Literature — An examination and discussion of the philosophical content of
poetry and prose of outstanding literary and philosophical merit. Course content will typically focus on a
type of literature such as plays or "existentialist literature" or classical literature, etc. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 221: Philosophy of Human Existence — The task of this course is to try to understand the concrete
essence of human being, first through an analysis of the foundations of technological society and then
through an investigation of non-western mythologies in order to see alternatives to our own way of life.
(3 sem. hours)*
Phil 224: Environmental Ethics — A perspective on ethics which is modeled on the dynamics of
natural processes, notably those pertaining to the Life Sciences with a view to identifying right human
behavior as that which is in harmony with the behavior of the ecosphere as a whole. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 225: Medical Ethics — A course in applied ethics about the conceptual, ethical and legal dilemmas
in health care practice in medical experimentation and in the institutional rights and responsibilities or
practitioners and patients. Prerequisite: prefer to have majors in healthcare fields, social and behavioral
sciences, life sciences, pre-law. pre-med. and philosophy.(3 sem. hours)*
Phil 226: Business Ethics — An inquiry into the value grounds upon which the free enterprise system is
based: the evolution of values related to business and economics in historical and sociological contexts:
comparisons and contrasts with other value bases prevalent in the world; particular attention to ethical
responsibility of business in a pluralistic, world community. (3 sem.hours)*
Phil 231: Individuals, Institutions and Justice — Considers the just treatment of individuals in conflict
with bureaucracies. Traditional conceptsofjustice are evaluated through application to current practical
situations. (3 sem. hours)*

132 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Phil 240: World Religion — An examination of the principle religions of the world, which may include
Hinduism. Buddhism. Jainism. Sikhism, Taoism, Shintoism. Confucianism. Zoroastrinism. Islam.
Judaism, and Christianity. The list will also include a sampling of the "archaic religions'" of the
Americans. Africa, etc. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 241: Philosophy of Religion — Critical inquiry into the nature and validity of religious experience,
its unity and variety, its relation to other human interests. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 261: Philosophy of Art — An inquiry into symbolic media as forms of communication and
understanding from an analysis of materials and techniques as the elementsof artistic imaginings to ques­
tions about the feelings of artists and the value of heightening the aesthetic sensibility of society.
(3 sem. hours)*
Phil 301: Symbolic Logic — Is concerned with a deeper understanding and mastery of logical or con­
ceptual thinking. Through the use of special techniques of symbolization. logical questions unanswer­
able in ordinary language are clarified and rendered solvable. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 323: Mysticism and Psychical Research — Aims at a philosophical assessment of the methods
and findings of investigations into phenomena referred to as "paranormal", including ESP. Psy­
chokinesis. survival of death, and the mystical state of consciousness, as well as techniques claiming to
lead to such phenomena. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 331: Social and Political Philosophy — Examines the difference between the classical and the
contemporary mode of political philosophy with an emphasison the political values inherent in the scien­
tifically planned society and attendant consequences/or democratic institutions. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 333: Philosophy and Alternative Futures — An interdisciplinary approach to future projections
in the major areas of human inquiry: natural, social and behavioral sciences, education, environmental
studies, the arts and humanities. An examination of the philosophical assumptions underlying these pro­
jections with a view to critiquing, comparing and integrating. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 337: Philosophy of History — Considers the nature of history and its methods and aims of inquiry.
and tries to show, through consideration of classical and contemporary texts, to what extent history has
laws, discloses truth, and has significance for current thought. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 343: Oriental Religious and Philosophical Thought — Considers the worldview and central
philosophical and religious ideas in the Far East stemming from the cultural backgrounds of Hinduism.
Buddhism. Confucianism, and Taosim.as well as their significance in contemporary life. (3 sem.
hours)*
Phil 351: Philosophy of Natural Science — Examines in depth the nature of the natural sciences in
light of their aims, methods, central concepts, limits, and relationships to other disciplines. Presupposes
some familiarity with the natural sciences (at least two college courses are recommended). (3 sem.
hours)*
Phil 371: History of Philosophy I — A study of Ancient and Medieval Western Philosophy, designed
both to show how basic questions and concepts grew, and how the worksof these periodscontinue to pro­
vide insight and inspiration. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 372: History of Philosophy II — A study of Western philosophy from the Renaissance through the
19th century, tracing the basic concepts and problems of this period, and showing how its thinkers con­
tinue to animate our age. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 373: Modern Authors and Issues — Variable content within the modern contemporary period of
philosophical thinking. (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 375: Existentialism and Phenomenology — Important twentieth century philosophers will be
studied in terms of their attempt to establish new approaches to philosophy and with reference to their
reaction and attempt to overcome "western metaphysics". (3 sem. hours)*
Phil 450: Internship — Supervised placement and research in selected public and private agencies. (312 sem. hours)
Phil 490: Individual Study — Primarily for students seeking knowledge in philosophy beyond course
offerings. The student's interest will determine the topic covered. Prerequisites: 15 hours in philosophy
or permission of the instructor. (1-6 sem. hours)
Phil 498: Selected Topics — (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduale Degree Programs — 133

Theatre Department
Miller Auditorium, Room 301A

(412) 794-7814

Studies in theatre tap some of the deepest, most profound veins of human selfexpression and convey the abiding hold this unique art form has for today's
liberally-educated person. Courses in theatre history examine the communal
origins of the art and explore the ways in which theatre has responded to and
developed from its times. Courses in acting or in the crafts of the theatre enhance
the skills of students whether they seek eventual performance careers or simply
wish to be more knowledgeable audience members. Inquiry through performance
of the themes and values of great dramatic literature enables students to touch
directly and intimately some of the enduring ideas of civilization.
The Department of Theatre sponsors an active co-curricular production pro­
gram in its two performance facilities on campus. Four more plays of wideranging interest are produced each academic year. The Department offers the
courses listed below. Application for approval of a new major in theatre is pend­
ing. Those interested should contact the Chairperson, Department of Theatre,
for current information.

THEATRE COURSES
Thea 131: Fundamentals of Acting — An introduction to the theory and practice of acting, based on the
analysis of the physical and emotional approach to the role. (3 sem. hours)*
Thea 132: Stagecraft — Theory, practice, and peculiarities of set construction and painting. Students
assist with current productions in laboratory sessions. (3 sem. hours)*
Thea 135: Theater Practicum — Development of theatre production and/or performance skills through
participation in college theatre productions. May be taken for one hour of credit per semester. May be
repeated for maximum total credit of three semester hours. Permission of instructor required.
(1 -3 sem. hours)
Thea 141: Introduction to the Theatre — Dramatic form and structure, from Greek to contemporary
theatre. This course provides the theory and criticism for theatre practice and production techniques.
(3 sem. hours)*
Thea 231: History of Theater and Drama 1 — Theorigin and development of the theatre from antiquity
to the Elizabethan Age. Surveys theatrical forms, physical theatre, methods of production, and styles of
acting as part of social and artistic milieu. (3 sem. hours)*
Thea 232: History of the Theatre and Drama II — Continuation of Thea 231 from the Jacoben Age to
the present. May be taken separately. (3 sem. hours)*
Thea 233: Costuming — The design, history, and construction of costumes, for educational or commer­
cial theatre. Practical application of this knowledgeis made in college productions. Prerequisite: Comm
132. (3 sem. hours)
Thea 234: Make-Up — Theory, practice, and materials of stage and television make-up. Practical
application is mandatory and extensive: students will assist with current productions. Prerequisite:
Thea 132 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Thea 237: Fundamentals of Directing — The theory and practice of all phases of play production, with
emphasis on the direction of the play. (2 sem. hours)*
Thea 238: Applied Directing — The practical application of all phases of play production, with
emphasis on the direction of the play. Prerequisite: Thea 237. (1 sem. hour)
Thea 321: Shakespeare for the Actor — The techniques of analysis and skills of acting applied to the
literature of Shakespeare. T raditional and current styles of presentation with both individual and ensem­
ble performances. Prerequisite: Thea 131 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Thea 331: Development of the American Theatre and Drama — The development of American
theatre and drama from their beginnings in Colonial times to the present day. (3 sem. hours)*

134 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Thea 333: Scene Design — The principles and application of design for stage, emphasizing sketches,
diagrams, and model making. Prerequisite: Thea 132 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Thea 334: Stage Lighting — The theory and application of stage lighting as practiced in modernschools
and theatre, with application of current college productions. Prerequisite: Thea 132 or permission of
instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Thea 338: Advanced Acting — The psychology of acting; methods of preparing a role: acting techni­
ques for period plays such as Aristophanes. Shakespeare. Moliere. Lecture, demonstrations, ana
laboratory exercise. Prerequisite: Thea 131. (3 sem. hours)
Thea 341: Creative Dramatics and Storytelling — The technique and practice of storytelling,
dramatic play, and dramatization primarily for the elementary teacher with creative possibilities in playwriting for the speech and English fields. (3 sem. hours)*
Thea 343: Dramatics in Recreation — The basic principlesof dramatic activities in the community rec­
reation program including the establishment and administration of the community theatre, playground
dramatic activities, and children's theatre. (3 sem. hours)
Thea 361: Stage Dialects — The study of sound-recognition, production, and vocal patterns as used in
the predominant stage dialects of the world. A project of individual performance in a dialect role is
required. Prerequisite: Comm 103. (3 sem. hours)
Thea 431: Theatre Management — Operational procedure for theatre, including fundamental structur­
ing (administration, purchasing, accounting practices, ticket sales, promotion and public relations) and
house management (box office and ushering). (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 135

SCHOOL OF NATURAL
SCIENCES AND MATHEMATICS

The School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics offers a wide range of pro­
grams leading to employment at the bachelor's level and/or entrance into graduate
or professional school. Curricula in the school provide a broad, liberal education
core and specialization in one or more areas.
Undergraduate instruction in the School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
is offered in six departments: Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Mathe­
matics, Geology, and Physics. The Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science
degree may be earned in all departments. Curricula resulting in the above degrees
differ somewhat between departments and are described at length.
Special multidisciplinary programs in the School include pre-medical. predental, pre-para-medical, and other pre-health professions as well as a preengineering option. These programs are all acceptable for admission to the
related professional school.
Participation in the Marine Science Consortium provides the School with a
program of interest for those students inclined toward oceanographic pursuits.
Degrees may be obtained from any Natural Sciencedepartment with a concentra­
tion in marine science. Courses in the marine sciences are listed in the Special
Programs section of the catalog. The School also has a three-year program in
medical technology which a student may follow and qualify for in-hospital train­
ing during the fourth year. This program, too, is explained in the catalog's Special
Programs section.
Finally, the School offers a career oriented major which is very popular: an
interdisciplinary major in Environmental Science (see Special Programs section
of this catalog).
The School is extremely proud of its programs and its commitment to the stu­
dent through vigorous programs of individual faculty advisement, personal atten­
tion in small classes and extra-curricular activities such as science clubs and
lecture/seminars. There is also a program in which science students live together
in one dormitory, having a supportive study environment, science counselors,
special programs, and close associations with students having mutual interests.
The laboratories and classrooms in the School of Natural Sciences and Mathe­
matics are among the best equipped in the United States. The faculty is dedicated
and highly trained, combining to offer one of the best educational experiences
available anywhere.

136 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Biology Department
Vincent Science Hall, Room 123

(412) 794-7296

Biology introduces the student to basic biological principles at the cellular,
organismal, and population levels. The program provides either breadth of train­
ing in the biological sciences or concentration in botany or zoology. With
guidance, sequences of courses can be arranged which will prepare students tor
graduate work, industry, teaching, professional schools and further training in
schools of allied health.

Bachelor of Arts degree in Biology
Specialization: Biology
Required courses:
Biology (31 semester hours)
Biol 104, 201,212,250
Chemistry (16 semester hours)
Chem 107, 108, 111,112 and 201, 202, 211, 212
or Chem 200, 211, 260, 261
Mathematics (3 semester hours)
Math 125 or 225
Specialization: Cytotechnology
Required courses:
Biology (23 semester hours)
Biol 108, 210, 212, 250, 335, 353, 470
Chemistry (16 semester hours)
Chem 107, 108, 111, 112, 200, 211, 260, 261
Mathematics (3 semester hours)
Math 125 or 225

Bachelor of Science degree in Biology
Specialization: Biology
Required courses:
Biology (39 semester hours)
Biol 104, 201, 212, 250, 330, 401
Three semester hours from Biol 410, 451
Three semester hours from Biol 340, 343, 465, 470
Chemistry (19 semester hours)
Chem 107, 108, 111, 112, 201, 202, 211, 212, plus
three semester hours beyond 202
Mathematics (7 semester hours)
Math 225, CpSc 161 or Biol 460
Physics (7 semester hours)
Phys 211,213

Undergraduate Degree Programs —137

Specialization: Perfusion Technology
Required courses:
Biology (20 semester hours)
Biol 108, 210. 212, 250, 410 and 335 or 353 or 470
Chemistry (19 semester hours)
Chem 107. 108, 111, 112, 201,202,211,212, 260
Mathematics (3 semester hours)
Math 225
Physics (10 semester hours)
Phys 211,213,260

Bachelor of Science degree in Medical Technology
Specialization: Medical Technology
Required courses:
Biology (23 semester hours)
Biol 108, 210, 212, 213, 214, 215, 250, 410
Chemistry (17 semester hours)
Chem 107, 108, 111, 114, 200,211,260,261
Mathematics (3 semester hours)
Math 123

BIOLOGY COURSES
Biol 100: Introductory Biology Laboratory — Science processes and basic biological concepts are the
focal points for the laboratory activities. This laboratory is designed for non-biology majors who are
enrolled in Biol 101. 102. or 105. (1 sem. hour)*
Biol 101: General Biology — A principles course in biology, designed for non-majors which em­
phasizes cellular structure and function. Mendelian and molecular genetics, reproduction, and classic
and modern concepts of ecology and evolution. (3 sem. hours)*
Biol 102: Human Biology — This non-major course considers the human as a whole organism, with
emphasis on the interrationships of organ systems, the relationship to the environment, and human
origins and genetics. (3 sem. hours)*
Biol 104: Principles of Biology — A laboratory and lecture course that emphasizes basic biological
principles that will prepare the student for subsequent sequential courses required of biology majors.
Prerequisite: None. (4 sem. hours)*
Biol 105: Environmental Biology — A non-majors course which provides an introduction to ecological
principles and concepts with an examination of the biological basis of contemporary environmental
problems. (3 sem. hours)*
Biol 106-107: Anatomy and Physiology — A sequence of courses designed for health science majors
which surveys the normal structure and function of the human body. Biol 106 is a prerequisite for 107.
(3 sem. hours)*
Biol 108: Allied Health Anatomy and Physiology — This course and laboratory serves as the
introductory course for Medical Technology students. It consists of an intensive survey of the human
systems with emphasis upon normal structure and function. In certain instances, pathologies and clinical
applications are included. (4 sem. hours)
Biol 115: Biology of Sex — A study of sexual reproductive processes as biological mechanisms in man
and other animals, with emphasis on anotomical and functional relationships. (Non-ma the non-major,
w ill stress many of the economic and practical aspectsof plants. It will also cover historical insights con­
cerning the impact plants have had on world exploration, colonization, etc. Prerequisite: None. (3
sem. hours)*
Biol 201: General Botany — Basic biochemical, morphological and physiological aspects of plant biol­
ogy as they relate to evolution. Prerequisite: Biol 101 orl04. (4 sem. hours)*

138 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
Biol 207: Land Plants and Their Environment — A survey of common plants with emphasis on iden­
tifying trees and shrubs. An introduction to plant anatomy and functions as these topics pertain to woodyplants is included. (Non-majors course) (3 sem. hours)*
Biol 208: Introduction to Wildlife Management — Basic ecological principles with emphasis on the
taxonomy and life histories of vertebrate animals. (Non-majors course) (3 sem. hours)*
Biol 210: Medical Microbiology — The study of pathogenic microorganisms to include taxonomy,
structure, biological activities, host defense mechanisms, disease transmission and disease states. (Not
for biology majors) Prerequisite: 3 hours of Biology (3 sem. hours)*
Biol 212: General Zoology — The anatomy, physiology, ecology and economic importance of rep­
resentative animals with emphasis on the understanding of development and the evolutionary blueprint
of the animal kingdom. Prerequisite: Biol 101, 102 or 104. (4 sem. hours)*
Biol 213: Medical Immunology — A lecture and laboratory course for medical technology majors
which emphasizes immunological techniques of medical importance. Prerequisite: Biol 210.
(1 sem. hour)
Biol 214: Medical Parasitology — A lecture and laboratory course for medical technology majors
which emphasizes the protozoans and metazoa of medical importance. Prerequisite: Biol 210.
(1 sem. hour)
Biol 215: Medical Mycology — A lecture and laboratory course for medical technology majors which
emphasizes the fungi of medical importance. Prerequisite: Biol 210. (1 sem. hour)
Biol 225: Human Physiology — This non-major course considers functions of the human organ sys­
tems and their roles in maintaining homeostasis. Prerequisite: Biol 101 and a Chemistry course.
(3 sem. hours)*
MarSci 241: Marine Biology—A study of plant and animal life in the marine environment. (Offered
each summer at the Marine Science Center. Wallops Island. VA.) (3 sem. hours)*
Biol 250: Genetics — Mendelian inheritance, linkage and crossing over, determination of sex. random
assortment, probability, and cellular phenomena are considered. Prerequisite: Biol 101, 102. or 104.
(3 sem. hours)*
Biol 304: Applied Microbiology — The study of those aspects of microbiology which directly affect
human affairs with special attention given to environmental protection, agriculture, food technology and
public health. Prerequisite: Biol 210. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 305: Aquatic Plants — The identificatid their importance as indicator organisms. (Non-majors
course) (3 sem. hours)
Biol 306: Aquatic Animals — The identification and qualifications of fish, zooplankton and benthos
organisms, with emphasis placed on the productivity of aquatic animals and their importance as indicator
organisms. (Non-majors course) (3 sem. hours)
Biol 311: Entomology — Insects, including their taxonomy, structure, function, ecology and economic
importance. Prerequisite: Biol 212. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 320: Ornithology — Anatomy, physiology, taxonomy, ecology and behavior of birds. Two
weekend field trips are required. Prerequisite: Biol 212. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 330: Microbiology — A consideration of the structure, metabolism, growth and genetics of mi­
croorganisms with emphasis placed on bacteria and viruses. Prerequisites: Biol 250 and Chem 200 or
201. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 335: Cell Biology — Lecture and laboratory investigations of the molecular basis for cellular struc­
ture and function. Prerequisites: Biol 250 and Chem 201. Topics include surface and internal mem­
branes, energy conversions, elements of cytoskeleton, and cell-cell communication strategies.
(3 sem. hours)
Biol 340: Vertebrate Anatomy — A comparative study of the adult structure of the various organs and
systems of representative vertebrates. Laboratory included. Prerequisite: Biol 212. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 343: Embryology — Developmental processes of vertebrate embryology. A comparative study of
gametogenesis, fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation. organogenesis and embryonic adaptations. Prere­
quisite: Biol 340 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 139

Biol 353: Cytology — The structure and function of the cell with emphasis on the nucleus. Topics
include the cytoplasm and its organelles and the cellular, molecular and chromosomal bases of cyto­
genetics. Prerequisite: Biol 250. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 355: Field Ecology—The application of basic ecological principles and field techniques toecosystems found in the northeastern United States. Extensive field work is required of the student. (Not for
biology majors) Prerequisite: 1 course in basic biology. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 360: Field Botany — A field course covering the flora of Western Pennsylvania, designed to pre­
pare students with a basic knowledge of the native plants, as well as some cultivated forms. Prerequisite:
Biol 201. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 368: Phycology — Morphological, ecological and physiological attributes of the algal divisions
will be presented. Special study related to the groups commonly found in local freshwater streams, with
pollution indicator species being studied, will be undertaken. Prerequisite: Biol. 201. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 371: Vertebrate Field Zoology — Taxonomy, life histories and ecological relationships of rep­
resentative vertebrates are stressed. Several field
trips are required.
Prerequisite: Biol 212.
(3 sem. hours)
Biol 390: Selected Topics in Biology
Biol 401: Ecology — Emphasis is placed on the structure, composition and dynamics of ecosystems.
Lab work primarily consists of field studies. Prerequisite: Biol 201, 212 or comparable courses.
(3 sem. hours)
Biol 410: Animal Physiology — Basic animal physiological processes, including a syntheses that
begins at the molecular level and moves to the more complex cellular and organismal levels. Prere­
quisite: Biol 212 orChem 201. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 416: Animal Parasitology — The physiology, evolution, ecology and systematics of parasites are
discussed in general as well as the morphology, life histories, and the recognition and identification of
representative forms. Prerequisite: Biol 212. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 451: Plant Physiology — A lecture-laboratory study of the functional relationships of the plant
body including such topics as nutrition, water relations, photosynthesis, photoperidism, hormones, and
growth processes. Prerequisite: Bio. 201 andChem201. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 460: Biometry—An introduction to statistical techniques and experimental design as applied to
biological problems. Descriptive methods, tests of significance, linear regression, correlation, analysis
of variance and covariance. and non-parametric techniques are included. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 465: Plant Anatomy — A macroscopic and microscopic study of vascular plants, emphaszingthe
origin, development, evolution and function of plant tissues and structures. Prerequisite: Biol 201.
(3 sem. hours)
Biol 470: Histology—Microscopic structure and arrangement of tissues in multicellular organisms.
Prepared microscopic slides of respresentative animalorgans are studied. Prerequisite: Biol 212 or con­
sent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 490: Special Problems in Biology— Independent research under the guidance of a faculty mem­
ber. (1-3 sem. hours)
Biol 491-492: Seminar — For junior and senior biology majors — Each semester a different area of
current research interest is chosen for study. (1 sem. hour each)
Biol 510: Taxonomy of Vascular Plants—Major groups of vascular plants with emphasison taxonomic
methods of analysis and family relationships. Prerequisite: Biol 201. (3 sem. hours)
Biol 550: Evolution— Stresses evolution as a process. Evidence of early theories, population genetics
and ecology, modern synthetic theory, speciation, phylogeny. and the major features characteristic of
organic evolution are included. Prerequisite: Biol 201. 212. 250. (3 sem. hours)

140 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Chemistry Department
Vincent Science Hall, Room 329

(412)794- 7786

A chemistry major studies the characteristics and interactions of matter in
depth, aiding the development of a rational perspective toward chemical informa­
tion. technology, and societal problems. Upon graduation, the student may pur­
sue further education in chemistry, chemical engineering, medicine, dentistry, or
related health professions or directly enter industry, government, or secondary
education. Approximately half of all chemistry graduates enter non-laboratory
careers, such as science writing, sales, library science, patent law, market research,
corporate management, plant production and safety and computer science.
Bachelor of Arts degree in Chemistry
Specialization: Chemistry
Required Courses:
Chemistry (31 semester hours)
Chem 107,108,111,114,201.202,211,212,301,302.321 322.491
and three semester hours from Chem 420, 425, 442
Mathematics (8 semester hours)
Math 225, 230
Physics (11 semester hours)
Phys 211, 212, 213
Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry
Specialization: Chemistry
Required Courses:
Chemistry (44 semester hours)
Chem 107. 108. 111. 114, 201,202.211,212. 301,302, 321 322.
420. 421, 422, 425, 442,451 and 491
Mathematics (11 semester hours)
Math 225, 230, 301
German or Russian (9 semester hours)
Germ 101. 102, 103 or Russ 101, 200, 200
CHEMISTRY COURSES
Chem 100: Preparatory Chemistry — Placement testingand/ordepartment advisement are necessary
for course registration of student lacking the skills for successful general chemistry study. (3 sem.
hours)
Chem 103: Elements of Chemistry — Principles of inorganic, organic and physiological chemistry
appropriate for students in the Health Sciences. (3 sem. hours)*
Chem 105: Contemporary Chemistry — Designed for the non-science major. A study of the fun­
damental principles and basic concepts of chemistry and the impact of chemistry on society.
(3 sem. hours)*
Chem 107: General Chemistry I— Emphasizes problem solving particularly with regard to stoichiometry
and solution composition. Other topics explain the properties and transformations of materials in terms
of the accepted theories of atomic structure, chemical bonding and intermolecular forces. (3 sem.
hours)*
Chem 108: General Chemistry II — A continuation of Chem 107 with emphasis on chemical equilib­
ria. ionic dissociation, chemical kinetics and thermodynamics. Prerequisite: Chem 107. (3 sem.
hours)*
Chem 110: Contemporary Chemistry Laboratory — Laboratory to accompany Chemistry 105 pro­
viding basic chemistry and environmentally related experiences. One two hour laboratory per week.
Prerequisite: Chem 105 or 103 concurrent or previous registration. (1 sem. hour)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 141

Chem 111: Genera! Chemistry I Laboratory — A laboratory to accompany Chem 107. Laboratory
experiments are designed to develop basic laboratory skills and concepts. Prerequisite: Concurrent
registration in Chem 107. (1 sem. hour)*
Chem 112: General Chemistry II Laboratory
A laboratory to accompany Chem 108. Laboratory
experiments illustrate the concepts of General Chemistry II. Perequisite: Chem 1 11 and concurrent
registration in Chem 108. (1 sem. hour)*
Chem 114: Introductory Analytical Chemistry Laboratory — A laboratory to accompany Chem
108. A thorough introduction to the techniques of volumetric and gravimetric analysis plus much of the
laboratory experience of Chem 112. Consists of six hours of laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Chem
111 and concurrent registration of Chem 108. (2 sem. hours)*
Chem 200: Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry — A one semester introductory course which covers
the most commonly encountered properties of the major families of organic compounds. The course is
designed for those students pursuing a B.S. in Medical Technology. a B. A. in Biology or a B.S. in Educa­
tion in Biology. Not equal to Chem 201. Prerequisite: Chem 108. (3 sem. hour)*
Chem 201-202: Organic Chemistry I and II — Modern theories relating molecular structure to chemi­
cal reactivity are stressed. Elucidation of molecular structure by infrared, ultraviolet, nuclear magnetic
resonance and mass spectroscopy is alsocovered. Prerequisite: (1) For Chem 201: Chem 108: (2) For
Chem 202: Chem 201. (3 sem. hours)
Chem 211-212: Organic Chemistry Laboratory I and II — A laboratory course in which students
employ the synthetic techniques and analytical procedures of organic chemistry. Prerequisite:.(I) For
Chem 211: Chem 112 or 114 and concurrent registration in Chem 200 or Chem 201. (1 sem. hour)* or
(2) For Chem 212: Chem 211 and concurrent registration in Chem 202. (1 sem. hour)*
Chem 240: Industrial Hygiene — Industrial hygiene requirements to preserve worker health and safety
will be assessed. Prerequisite: two semesters of chemistry and a general knowledge of human anatomy
and physiology or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Chem 270: Industrial Chemistry — A study of industries with emphasis on economic, technical, and
possible ecological factors determining process design. Including on-site lectures and discussions of
various industries in the area. Prerequisite: Chem 108 and 1 12 or 1 14. (3 sem. hours)*
Chem/Phys 301: Thermodynamics — Thermodynamics as applied to chemical and physical systems
Prerequisites: Chem 108. Phys 212. Math 230. (3 sem. hours)
Chem 302: Physical Chemistry — Introduction to rate processes and Quantum Mechanics. Prere­
quisites: Chem 301. Phys 212. Math 230. (3 sem. hours)
Chem 315: Lab Data Systems — Students will use selected examples ofdata collection devices ranging
from mechanically, manual comparative devices to automated electrical sensing devices interfaced with
data management stations as means of gathering and analyzing data. Minimum prerequisite: a com­
mand of algebra and logic, one semester of college physics, two semesters of college chemistry.
(4 sem. hours)
Chem 321: Physical Chemistry Laboratory I — Principles from Physical Chemistry I lecture will be
employed in the laboratory for determining and relating physical properties such as viscosity, surface
tension, boiling and freezing points to the identity and composition of chemical substances. Concurrent
registration: Chem 301.(1 sem. hour)
Chem 322: Physical Chemistry Laboratory II — Applied principles from Physical Chemistry II lec­
ture will be used for interpreting results from experiments involving kinetics, equilibria, and spectrophotometric data. Concurrent registration: Chem 302. (1 sem. hour)
Chem 335: Biological Chemistry — Investigates the basic theme of intermediary metabolism. Abackground for this study is gained through study of the chemistry of cellular constituents. Prerequisite:
Chem 200 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
Chem 336: Experimental Biological Chemistry — A laboratory course in which the student uses
techniques employed in biochemical investigations. Prerequisite: Chem 211 and concurrent registra­
tion in Chem 335. (1 sem. hour)*
Chem 340: Air Pollution Chemistry and Engineering — A study of the quality of the air environment.
Air quality assessment and potential problems will be examined both in lecture discussions and in
laboratory or field situations. (Includes ambient air testing.) Prerequisite: Geol 121. Chem 270. or per­
mission of instructor. (4 sem. hours)

142 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Chem 370: Water Pollution — Water quality assessment and water quality problems will be examined
both in lecture discussions and in laboratory or field situations. There are three hours oflecture and three
hours of laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Chem 270 or permission of instructor. (4 sem. hours)
Chem 420: Analytical Chemistry — Lecture combines the basic principles of chemistry with con­
sideration for problem solving and traditional, separation, and instrumental methods of analysis in three
hours of weekly lecture. Prerequisite: Chem 301, registration in Chem 201. or consent. Offered in alter­
nate years. (3 sem. hours)
Chem 421: Analytical Chemistry Laboratory — A three hour per week laboratory accompanying
Chem 420. Participants will develop and utilize strategies for choosing and completing analyses of
chemical systems. Concurrent registration: Chem 420. (1 sem. hour)
Chem 425: Instrumental Analysis — A lecture course to introduce the student to the theory, advan­
tages. disadvantages, limitations, and power of contemporary chemical instrumentation, including com­
puter methods in three hours of weekly lecture. Prerequisite: Chem 301. concurrent registration in
Chem 301. Offered in alternate years. (3 sem. hours)
Chem 426: Instrumental Analysis Laboratory — A three hour per week laboratory accompanying
Chem 425. Instrumentation and computing technology will be applied to quantitative and qualitative
problems of chemistry. Concurrent registration: Chem 425 and knowledge of a computer language.
(1 sem. hour)
Chem 430: Industrial Pollution Control Engineering — Economic and technical problems will be
discussed as related to the abatement of harmful discharges from industrial sources. Systems analysis
will be employed in the examination of engineering solutions in the physical or chemical treatment of dis­
charge. Three hours of lecture per week or a field trip. Prerequisite: Chem 340. 370. or permission of
instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Chem 442: Inorganic Chemistry — A lecture course covering atomic structure, bonding, and proper­
ties of inorganic materials. Coordination chemistry and other topics of current research interest are
covered. Prerequisite: Chem 302 or concurrent registration. Offered in alternate years. (3 sem.
hours)
Chem 451: Qualitative Organic Analysis — A laboratory course in organic chemistry in which various
unknown compounds are identified by chemical and instrumental methods. Consists of one lecture hour
and six laboratory hours per week. Prerequisites: Chem 202. 212. 302. (3 sem. hours)
Chem 460: Polymer Chemistry — A one semester introductory course which covers the synthesis,
kinetics, properties and applications of various polymers. Prerequisite: Chem 202. 302. or instructor s
permission. (3 sem. hours)
Chem 490: Independent Study — Independent research under the guidance of a faculty advisor. (1 -3
sem. hours)
Chem 491: Chemistry Seminar — A course intended to provide junior and senior chemistry majors the
opportunity to present reports and to lead discussions in selected areas of the field. (1 sem. hour)
Chem 498: Selected Topics —

Computer Science Department
Vincent Science Hall. Room 226

(412)794-7133

The Computer Science program emphasizes modern scientific approaches to
programming and computation. Theoretical subjects are included when they
have high practical relevance, as well as for essential conceptual foundations.
Computer Science majors are offered an entrance to all facets of the dynamic
computer field. The degree offers a solid preparation for graduate study in com­
puter science or applied areas involving computing.

Undergraduate Degree Programs —143

Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science
Specialization: Computer Science (44 semester hours)
Computer Science 171. 260. 262. 271. 274. 350. 374.
Mathematics 225. 230. 307. and nine hours of computer science electives
(three of which may be replaced bv Mathematics 222, 309 or 315) from
170 or 172. 265. 275. 366, 375, or 393.

COMPUTER SCIENCE COURSES
CpSc 151: ComputerConcepts —An introductory survey of computers and theirimpact onsociety. A
limited introduction to programming in BASIC will be included. Specific attention will be given to
BASIC on personal computers, including sound and graphics primitives typically provided. May not be
taken after, or with, a higher numbered course in Computer Science. Not recommended for anyone
intending to take any other Computer Science course. (3 sem. hours)*
CpSc 160: Introductory Programming and Information Systems - An introductory course devoted
about equally to programming and fundamental computer system concepts. Included among these are
hardware, system software, and the nature and use of programming languages in computing and informa­
tion systems. Interactive and batch procedures and programming are studied. It may not be taken after a
higher numbered course in Computer Science. (3 sem. hours)*
CpSc 161: FORTRAN
A programming skills course with the major scientific and engineering com­
puter language: standard FORTRAN. A modest introduction to BASIC is included as are FORTRAN
hies and character manipulation. Although standard FORTRAN is taught, much of the course uses a
modern structured dialect imbodied in a teaching computer. There is no formal prerequisite, but some
facility in logical organization of programs is required. (3 sem. hours)*
CpSc 162: COBOL — A programming skills course in the major business data processing computer
language: standard COBOL. Although introductory, course work goes through file manipulation techni­
ques and external subprograms. There is no formal prerequisite, but some facility in logical organization
of programs is required. (3 sem. hours)*
CpSc 170: Small Computer Languages — A study of one or two programming languages of particular
importance for single-user computers. Object oriented languages, stack languages, implementation
languages, graphics languages, and other special languages may be selected as the specific focus of the
course. The idioms of the language, data, control, and other objects and methods, are always the object of
study. Small computer systems, and emulation on the University mainframe, are employed to provide
practical programming experience. Languages used as the focus of study have included C. Forth. Logo.
Mouse. Smalltalk. B. Edison, and ICON. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 171: Modern Imperative and Procedural Programming — Systematic development of clear,
correct elementary programs: the Pascal programming language including data types, assignments,
decisions, procedures, transput, program test, and debugging Prerequisite: CpSc 160 or consent of
instructor. (3 sem. hours)*
CpSc 172: Functional Programming — Programming by application of functions is studied. A
specific implementation is provided and used to provide concrete laboratory examples. Specific
languages used are typically LISP-like. Critical comparison and discussion of functional and imperative
programming are encouraged. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)

CpSc 173: Logic Programming — Transformation of programming into the form of logical inferences.
L se ot, and practice with, this paradigm in the Prolog language. Comparison to other languages such as
Flavors. Lisp, and Smalltalk, that impinge on the same ideas. Applications of Logic Programming in
Expert Systems. Data Bases, and Natural Language Understanding. Prerequisite: CpSc 171 orpermission of Instructor. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 174: ADA Programming — A thorough treatment of the U.S. Department of Defense standard
language ADA. Programming in ADA will be studied by means of graduated examples and constant
laboratory practice. Newer ADA concepts, including packages, concurrency, generics, and exceptions
will be emphasized. Prerequisites: CpSc 171 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 200: Applied Advanced Programming — This is a language independent, practical advanced
programming course. Practical methods of searching, sorting, character string, and word processing will
be covered. Good programming style and use of pre-written programming tools will also be covered. A
substantial individual programming project applying course principles in a subject area important to the
student is required. Prerequisites: CpSc 160. 161. 162 or 171 or consent of instructor. (3 sem
hours)*

144 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

CpSc 201: Elementary File Processing — An elementary and practical study of information storage
and retrieval using computer data files. The fundamental methods of B-trees and indexed organization
are emphasized and exemplified. All required programming, as well as class discussion, is done using
BASIC. A project on indexed or B-tree storage and retrieval is required: typically this will be done on
microcomputers. Other languages and computers may be selected with approval of instructor. Prere­
quisites: CpSc 160 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 260: Fundamental Structures of Computer Science I — A deeper study of programming center­
ing on algorithms, their interaction with data structures, and programming disciplines such as structured
programming. Prerequisite: CpSc 171 and Math 121 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 261: Programming Languages — Programming languages studied from the viewpoint of users.
Features of common languages are surveyed along with developments in newer languages. The goal is
deeper understanding of computer languages. Topics include compilation, interpretation, microcoded
support, stack machines, data types, data structures, control mechanisms, conversions, storage manage­
ment. reliability, protability. modularity, interfaces, documentation, implementation methods, and
language extensibility. Prerequisite: CpSc 161 or 171. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 262: Fundamental Structures of Computer Science II — A continuation of CpSc 260. Prere­
quisite: CpSc 260 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc265: Data Base Systems — Comprehensive information systems are contrasted with file process­
ing. Redundancy, security and program independence are studied in information systems. Logical and
physical design principles are contrasted. CODASYL proposals and existing data base languages are
surveyed. Programming is done in an illustrative data base language. Prerequisite: CpSc 160. 161 or
171. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 274: Assembly Language and Machine Organization — Computer instruction sets, organiza­
tion and elementary architectural features are studied and used via programming in symbolic machine
language. Work centers on the Computer Center's mainframe system, but small systems are available to
interested students. Prerequisite: CpSc 260 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 275: Simulation — Models of real-life phenomena are programmed in GPSS. These are run and
adjusted for accurate prediction and explanation. Other simulation languages are surveyed and needed
statistical background is reviewed. One prior computer science course. 160 or above, is a prerequisite.
(3 sem. hours)
CpSc 283: Computers in Education — A survey of ways computers are used in education, w ith
emphasis on secondary education. Practical work in computer-aided instruction will be provided. One
prior computer science course. 160 or above, or progress in an education program is required.
(3 sem hours)
CpSc 330: Introduction to Computer Graphics — This course introduces basics of interactive com­
puter graphics including software and hardware requirements for computer graphics systems, graphics
data structures, algorithms and programming languages, raster and random display devices, graphics
applications. Students will work with dedicated graphics computers in completing laboratory exercises
and course projects. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 350: Principles of Concurrent Programming and Operating Systems — An introduction to
operating systems with emphasis on fundamental principles. These include store management, pro­
cessor management, file systems, and transput. Half of the course is dedicated to languages and prin­
ciples for concurrency. Laboratory exercises arc assigned using a language in the ADA tradition, that
supports concurrency. Distributed and "real time" illustrations are used as well as standard operating
system illustrations. Prerequisites: CpSc 262 and 274. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 366: Small Computer Systems — Minicomputers and microcomputers are studied w ith em­
phasis on systems programs, small system architecture. Interactive Graphics, and real-time applications.
Laboratory projects using the small systems in the department are an integral part of the course. Prere­
quisite: CpSc 350. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc 374: Compiler Design and Implementation — Introduction to language translation. Topics
include specification of languages and its relation to automata, lexical analysis, finite state machines,
context free languages, syntax-directed translation, top-down and bottom-up methods, ad hoc methods,
compiler diagnostics and error recovery, basic code generation, implementation languages and por­
tability. Prerequisite: CpSc 293. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc375: Computer Architecture— A mathematical study ofcomputing foundations, includingw hat
can and cannot be effectively computed. Topics include algorithmic computation, classes of automata,
including Turing machines, primitive recursive, recursive, and computable functions. Godel numberings. halting and decision problems. Prerequisite: CpSc 363. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 145

CpSc379: Artificial Intelligence — A survey of Artificial Intelligence topics including, heuristic pro­
gramming. search techniques, knowledge representation, expert systems, vision and speech in auto­
maton, pattern recognition, and robotics. Prerequisites: CpSc 172. 261. 262. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc393: Analysis of Algorithms — An advanced study of algorithms and data structures. Analysis
ofalgorithms, space and time complexity, and the NP classes will be considered. Significant illustrative
individual orgroupprogrammingprojects are required. Examples may be drawn from heuristic program­
ming. encipherment. natural language processing, object code generation, combinatorial analysis,
graphics, robotics, relational databases, or other algorithmic issues of current importance. Prerequisites:
CpSc 262 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
CpSc460: Senior Seminar in Computer Science — Topics are selected from current literature con­
centrating in Programming Methodology and Program correctness. (1 sem. hour)
CpSc490: Independent Study—Supervised study in a special interest area. Prerequisites: twocomputer science courses selected from 260. 274. 293. consent of instructor, and approval of chairperson.
(1-3 sem. hours)
CpSc 498: Topics in Computer Science

Geology Department
Vincent Science Hall. Room 225C

(412)794-7303

The student in geology gains an understanding of the various terrestrial pro­
cesses and features (mountains, oceans, volcanoes, glaciers), the immenseness of
geologic time, the history of the earth and organisms that inhabited it (fossils), the
importance of natural resources in the development of civilization, the explora­
tion and exploitation of the earth's mineral wealth, and the close relationship of
geology to the total environment.
Demand for the professional geologist comes from the needs of oil. gas and
mining companies, engineering and environmental firms, geological surveys,
state and national parks, museums, conservation agencies, planning com­
missions and teaching institutions. Completion of the four-year curriculum in
geology offers the basis for entry to graduate schools or for employment as a
geologist.
Students who intend to enter graduate school in geology or seek geologic
employment in industry or government upon graduation are encouraged to elect
the B. S. curriculum. Students who wish to combine interests in geology and other
fields such as business, recreation, environmental studies, language, or other
areas, are encouraged to elect the B.A. curriculum. The B.S. curriculum em­
phasizes a wide range of geologic knowledge and has fewer electives; the B.A.
curriculum emphasizes a minimum number of basic geology courses, with options
for electives in other areas. The department also offers minors in geology and
in meteorology.

Bachelor of Arts degree in Geology
Specialization: Geology
Geology (24 semester hours)
Geol 101.111.102.112, 201,241,271,272 and eight semester hours of
geology electives
Chemistry (8 semester hours)
Chem 107, 108, 111, 112
Minor (15 semester hours minimum)

146 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Bachelor of Science degree in Geology
Specialization: Geology
Required courses:
Geology (specifically required) (32 semester hours)
Geol 101, 111, 102, 112, 271, 272, 291, 292, 327, 328 Geology
(electives) (13 semester hours — 7 hours must be at 400-level or
higher)
Geol 231, 242, 242, 360, 445, 451, 452, 453, 475, 476 530,
550, 561
Geology Field Camp (at an approved station) (4 semester hours minimum)
Chemistry (8 semester hours)
Chem 107, 108, 111, 112
Mathematics and Computer Science (14 semester hours)
Math 114, 225, 230; CpSc 160 or 161
Modern Language (0-9 semester hours) (proficiency through the 103
level in a given foreign language)
Physics (6 semester hours minimum)
Phys 201 or 211 and 202 or 213
Minor in Geology (17 semester hours minimum)
Required courses:
Geology (specifically required)
Geol 101, 102, 111, 112
Geology electives
a. At least three semester hours of geology at a level of 200 or above.
b. At least six semester hours of geology at a level of 300 or above.
Note: Electives should be chosen only after consultation with the chair
person of the Department of Geology to be sure all pre-requisites are
met.
Minor in Meteorology (18 semester hours)
Required courses:
Geology (specifically required) (12 hours)
Geol 121, 221, 340, 360
Geology electives (6 semester hours)
Choice A: Geol 131, 450 (3 semester hours)
Choice B: Geol 450 (6 semester hours)
GEOLOGY COURSES
Geol 101: Physical Geology — mphasis is placed upon those processes acting to create earth materials,
landforms. and structures in and on the earth. Three lectures per week. (3 sem. hours)*
Geol 102: Historical Geology — The evolutionary history of the earth and its life. Three lectures per
week. Two Saturday field trips required. Prerequisite: both Geol 101 and concurrent registration in
Geol 112. (3 sem. hours)*
Geol 111: Physical Geology Lab — Complement to Geol 101; laboratory studies of minerals, rocks
and maps illustrate the concepts of Geol 101. Two hours oflab per week. Prerequisite; Geol 101 must
be taken prior to or concurrently. (1 sem. hour)*
Geol 112: Historical Geology Lab — Complement to Geol 102; introduction to fossils, interpretation
of geologic maps, and principles used in historical geology. A two-hour lab per week. Prerequisite: Geol
111. Geol 102 must be taken prior to or concurrently. (1 sem. hour)*
Geol 121: Meteorology — Introduction to principles controlling weather and their effect on man andthe
environment. Two lectures and a two-hour lab per week. (3 sem. hours)*
Geol 131: Oceanography — Introduction to the physical, chemical and biological aspects of the marine
environment. Three lectures per week. (3 sem. hours)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 147
Geol 141: Environmental Geology — Problems of mineral, energy and water resources, waste dis­
posal. soils and health, and land use. Two lectures and a two-hour lab per week. (3 sem. hours)
Geol 201: Earth Materials — Identification of rocks and minerals based on observation of physical
properties. Origin, occurrence, and value of earth materials. T wo lectures and a two-hour lab per week.
(3 sem. hours)
Geol 221: Weather and Climate Forecasting — An analysis and use of local and regional teletypetransmitted surface and upper air weather data to forecast weather. A study of past records of climate as
clues to future changes. Three hours of laboratory work, lectureand discussion. Prerequisite: Geol 121.
(3 sem. hours)*
Geol 231: Aerial Photography Interpretation — Introduction to photogrammetry, remote sensing,
and interpretation of geologic and cultural imagery. One lecture and two two-hour labs per week. Prere­
quisite: Geol 101 or 201 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Geol 241: Geomorphology — A study of landforms, their origin and relation to geologic processes,
structure, and climate. Two lectures and a two-hour lab period per week. Prerequisite: Geol 111.
(3 sem. hours)
Geol 242: Glacial Geology — A study oferosional anddepositional landforms left by glaciers and their
meitwaters. Glacial landforms and soils areexamined on maps, air photos and in the field. Two lectures
and a two-hour lab per week. Prerequisite: Geol 111.(3 sem. hours)
Geol 271: Geotechniques: Field & Lab — Training in field and laboratory techniques and instruments
for geological, geophysical and environmental surveys. Three lab hours per week. (I sem. hour)
Geol 272: Geotechniques: Geologic Reports — Training in the use of library facilities and biblio­
graphies. literature searches, construction of index cards, writing of abstracts and technical reports, and
oral reporting. One two-hour lab period per week. Prerequisites: Geol 102 and Engl 103 or permission
of instructor. (1 sem. hour)
Geol 291: Paleontology — The study of fossils with particular emphasis on the morphology classifica­
tion. and evolution of the invertebrate phyla. Two two-hour discussion/lab periods per week. One
weekend held trip (2-3 days) required. Prerequisite: Geol 112 and 272; or permission of instructor.
Geol 292 must be taken concurrently. (3 sem. hours)
Geol292: Geotechniques: Paleo-Field and lab techniques — One two-hour lab period per week. Pre­
requisite: Geol 271, (1 sem. hour)
Geol 327: Structural Geology — Origin and description of primary and secondary structures of
sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. Three lectures per week. Prerequisite: Geol 112 and
272. Geol 328 must be taken concurrently. (3 sem. hours)
Geol328: Geotechniques: Structure—Lab and field techniques. One two-hour lab per week. Prere­
quisite: Geol 271. (I sem. hour)
Geol 340: Air Pollution Meteorology — A study of meteorological parametersof air pollution concen­
tration. dispersion, and removal. Includes air pollution forecasting and modeling. Three hours of lecture,
laboratory, or field work per week. Prerequisite: Geol 121. (3 sem. hours)
Geol 351: Mineralogy — Occurrence chemical and physical properties, identification and use of
minerals. Twolecturesandtwotwo-hourlabsperweek. One field trip required. Prerequisite: Geol 111,
272.272.Chem 108. 112 and consent of instructor. (4 sem. hours)
Geol 352: Petrology — Classification, occurrence, and genesis of igneous, sedimentary, and meta­
morphic rocks. Two lectures and two two-hour labs per week. Prerequisite: Geol 351. (4 sem.
hours)
Geol 360: Water Resources — A study of the occurrence and movement of water and man's effect on
this basic resource. Two lectures and two hoursoflabperweek. Prerequisite: Geol 101 and201.or con­
sent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Geo! 361: Sedimentation — Principles governing origin, distribution, and interpretation of sedimen­
tary rocks. Three lectures and a two-hour lab per week. Two Saturday field trips required. Prerequisite:
Geol 201 or 352. (3 sem. hours)
Geol 362: Stratigraphy — Examination, correlation and geologic history of the Palezoic, Mesozoic
and Cenozoic units of the Appalachian Mountain Region. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
(3 sem. hours)

148 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Geol 445: Economic Geology — A study of the origin and classification of mineral deposits and techni­
ques of exploration and exploitation. Two lectures and a two-hour lab period per week. Prerequisite:
Advanced standing and consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Geol 450: Internship — Supervised placement and research in selected public and private agencies.
Prerequisite: permission of departmental chairperson. (3-12 sem. hours)
Geol 451: Environmental Geochemistry — A study of the laws governing the migration of anthro­
pogenic pollutants in natural waters (oceans and fresh water) and earth materials (soils, sediments and
rocks). Threehoursoflectureandtwohoursoffieldorlabworkperweek. One field trip required. Prere­
quisite: Chem 108, 112. Geol 201 or equivalent. (4 sem. hours)
Geol 452: Exploration Geochemistry — Application of geochemical principles to the problems ot
exploration for mineral and energy resources. Three hours of lecture. Prerequisite: Geol351 orconsent
of instructor and Geol 452 taken concurrently. (3 sem. hours)
Geol 453: Geotechniques: Geochemistry — Geochemical laboratory and field techniques in pros­
pecting for mineral and energy resources. Two hours of laboratory or field work per week. One field trip
required. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. (1 sem. hour)
Geol 475: Exploration Geophysics — The basic concepts of geophysics introduced through lab and
field problems based on techniques used in the search for minerals and fuels. One year of physics. Geol
476 must be taken concurrently. (3 sem. hours)
Geol 476: Geotechniques: Geophysics — Lab and field
(1 sem. hour)

techniques. One two-hour lab per week.

Geol 481: Map and Photo Interpretation — A seminar for advanced undergraduates in which students
and staff participate in map and photo interpretation. One two-hour lab per week. Prerequisite: Ad­
vanced standing or consent of instructor. (1 sem. hour)
Geol 482: Senior Seminar — A seminar for advanced undergraduates in which students and staff par­
ticipate in discussions concerning classical and current geological problems. One two-hour lab per week.
Prerequisite: senior standing or permission of instructor. (1 sem. hour)
Geol 490: Independent Study — Independent work on a topic in the earth sciences selected by the stu­
dent with consent and advice of an instructor. Enrollment must be approved by the Department chairper­
son. (1-3 sem. hours)
Geol 498: Selected Topics

Mathematics Department
Vincent Science Hall. Room 229

(412)794-7306

Students who have the desire and the ability to major in mathematics will find a
course of study which will meet their personal needs. Graduates are prepared for
diverse career opportunities including jobs in finance, business, industry and
education. With proper guidance students may prepare for graduate work in
various disciplines, including mathematics and the professional schools.

Bachelor of Arts degree in Mathematics
Specialization: Mathematics
Required courses: (32 semester hours)
Mathematics and/or Computer Science including Mathematics 231 and
two 300 level mathematics courses but excluding Mathematics 101.
107,120. and Computer Science 151. In addition, 103 competency in
a foreign language is required.

Undergraduate Degree Programs —149

Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematics
Specialization: Mathematics
Required courses: (39 semester hours)
Mathematics 222, 225, 230, 231, 235, 301, 307, 309, 315, Computer
Science 161 or 162 and at least 6 hours selected from CpSc 260 through
293 but excluding 283 and/or mathematicscourses above 300. In addi­
tion. the requirements in one of several special interest areas ranging
from 11-15 hours must be completed or the student has the option of
taking a minor. Special interest area chosen from Biology, Chemistry,
Computer Science, Economics, Pre-Masters of Business Administra­
tion, Geology. Physics, Psychology, and Sociology.

MATHEMATICS COURSES
Math 101: Basic Mathematics —A basic skills course in arithmetic operations and introductory
algebra. Pass-No Credit only. (3 sem. hours)
Math 107: Looking at Mathematics — A cultural enrichment course which introduces topics from dif­
ferent branches of mathematics. (Not suitable for mathematics majors) (3 sem. hours)*
Math 110: Financial Mathematics — Methods of solving problems arising from the growth of money
through simple and compound interest. Savings accounts, loans, financing, mortgages, depreciation,
bonds, pensions and life insurance are included. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 114: Elementary Statistics — Introduction to statistics and elementary probability. (3 sem.
hours)*
Math 118: Elementary Geometry — A survey of Euclidean geometry for elementary majors and/or
general education. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 120: Intermediate Algebra — Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and simplification
of algebraic expressions. Exponents, radicals, equations and inequalities. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 121: Discrete Mathematics — Intended primarily for Computer Science majors but can be taken
by any student interested in the topics which include propositional calculus, set theoretic concepts,
relations and functions, mathematical induction, counting techniques, recursion, matrices. Prerequisite:
two years of high school algebra or Math 120. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 122: Matrices and Linear Programming — The algebra of matrices with applications in linear
programming. (3 sem. hours)
Math 123: Informal Applied Calculus — The course is compatible with the background and interests
of students not majoring in the physical sciences or mathematics. The theorem-proof approach of dif­
ferential and integral calculus is replaced with the explanation-example approach. Non-traditional
applications are stressed. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 125: Elementary Functions — A bridge between high school algebra and calculus involving
polynomial, trigonometric, logarithmic, and exponential functions. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 210: Elementary Mathematics—Sets, operations, relations, and theory of arithmetic. Required
for elementary majors with sophomore standing. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 214: Statistical Methods — Sampling techniques, multiple correlation and regression, analysis
of variance and covariance. non-parametric methods. Bayesian statistics. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 222: Introduction to Operations Research — Linear programming, transportation and assign­
ment problems, branch and bound algorithm, simulation. Prerequisite: Math 122 or Bus. Adm. 220 or
consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 225: Calculus I — Calculus ofone variable with emphasison polynomial and algebraic functions.
Limits, continuity, derivatives, extrema and integrals and investigated. Prerequisite: Math 120 or
equivalent. (4 sem. hours)*
Math 230: Calculus II — Techniques of integration, calculus of elementary transcendental functions;
vectors and polar coordinates. Prerequisites: Math 125 and 225. (4 sem. hours)*

150 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Math 231: Calculus III — Continuation of Calculus II. calculus of several variables, and infiniteseries.
Prerequisite: Math 230. (4 sem. hours)*
Math 235: Modern Concepts of Mathematics — Basic logic and set theory, and methods of proof
within axiomatic systems. Prerequisite: Math 225. (3 sem. hours)*
Math 301: Differential Equations I — First and second order differential equations, infinite series
solutions, Laplace transforms, existence and uniqueness theorems.
Prerequisite:
Math 230.
(3 sem. hours)*
Math 302: Differential Equations II — A continuation of the prerequisite. Math 301. ( 3 sem.
hours)
Math 303: Non-Euclidean Geometry — A metric approach of absolute. Euclidean, and nonEuclidean geometries. Prerequisite: Math 235. (3 sem. hours)
Math 304: Geometric Structures — Finite and infinite axiomatic systems, including Euclidean anc
projective geometries. Prerequisite: Math 235. (3 sem. hours)
Math 305: Modern Algebra I — An introduction to groups and rings.
(3 sem. hours)

Prerequisite: Math 235.

Math 307: Mathematical Statistics — Introductory probability, distribution of random variables, point
and interval estimation, tests of hypotheses, simple regression and correlation. Prerequisite: Math 230
or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Math 309: Linear Algebra — Vector spaces, linear transformations, matrices and determinants with
applications. Prerequisite: Math 230 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Math 313: Introductory Analysis—Rigorous approach to concepts of calculus. Prerequisite: Math
230. 235. (3 sem. hours)
Math 315: Numerical Mathematics — The mathematics of computation and approximation, inter­
polation. calculating the roots of equations, curve fitting linear systems, numerical differentiable and
integration and error analysis. Prerequisite: Math 230 and some competence in computer language.
(3 sem. hours)
Math 320: Theory of Numbers — A study of the properties of natural numbers and number theoretic
functions. Prerequisite: Math 235. (3 sem. hours)
Math 403: Elementary Topology — Topological properties of the real line. Prerequisite: Math 309.
313. (3 sem. hours)
Math 404: Modern Algebra II — Ring theory, assorted topics from applied and theoretical algebra.
Prerequisite: Math 305. (3 sem. hours)
Math 405: Intermediate Analysis I — Real numbers, n-dimensional spaces, series, derivatives,
integrals, transformations, uniform continuity and convergence. Prerequisite: Math 309. 313.
(3 sem. hours)
Math 406: Intermediate Analysis II — Selected topics extending the prerequisite: Math 405.
(3 sem. hours)
Math 407: Complex Variables — Complex numbers, analytic functions, complex integration, con­
vergence of sequences and series, and applications. Prerequisite: Math 313. (3 sem. hours)
Math 490: Independent Study — Supervised study in advanced area. Prerequisite: Four 300-level
mathematics courses, a 2.0 QPA in mathematics above Math 225. consent of instructor, and approval of
chairperson. (1-3 sem. hours)
Math 498: Selected Topics in Mathematics

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 151

Physics Department
Vincent Science Hall, Room 327

(412)794-7301

Physicists investigate the fundamental properties of matter and attempt to
create a consistent explanation of natural phenomena using such concepts as
mass, length, time, charge, force energy, momentum, fields, waves, etc. An
understanding of natural phenomena enables man to control nature and thus con­
tribute to the well being of humanity. Traditionally physics is composed of
mechanics, electricity, magnetism, optics, acoustics, atomic physics, and nuclear
physics. The curriculum is designed for the student desiring professional prepara­
tion for a career in engineering, technology or physics, although graduate educa­
tion is normally required of professional physicists. Career opportunities also
exist in geophysics, biophysics, space science, technological administration and
scientific journalism.
Because of the mathematical maturity required of physicists careful observa­
tion of prerequisites is necessary.

Bachelor of Arts Degree in Physics
Specialization: Physics
Required Courses
Physics (32 sem. hours)
Phys 21 1, 212, 213. 331. 361. 400
Mathematics
Math 225,230.231,301
Computer Science 161

Bachelor of Arts Degree in Physics
Specialization: Engineering
See Specialized Programs

Bachelor of Science Degree in Physics
Specialization: Physics
Required Courses
Physics (40 sem. hours)
Phys 21 1, 212, 213, 314. 315, 331, 361. 400
Mathematics
Math 225, 230. 231, 301
Computer Science 161

PHYSICS COURSES
Phys 101: Concepts of Science I — A descriptive and conceptual course in Physics designed for the
non-science major. Topics are selected from light, sound, motion, and astronomy to developa necessary
scientific attitude and background for today's society. Two lectures and one-two hour laboratory per
week. (3 sem. hours)*
Phys 102: Concepts of Science II — A descriptive and conceptual course in physics designed for the
non-science major to study energy systems. Topics are selected from heat, electricity, magnetism, the
structure of matter and modern areasof physics, such as lasers. X-rays, and nuclear energy. The purpose
of the course is to develop a positive scientific attitude and background for today's society. Lecturedemonstration format. No laboratory. (3 sem. hours)*
Phys 140: Engineering Graphics I — A beginning laboratory course in technological design and draw­
ing. Topics: lettering, scales, geometric construction, orthographic sketching, and auxiliary views.
(2 sem. hours)

152 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Phys 141: Engineering Graphics II — An advanced laboratory course in technological drawing and
implementation. Topics: Vectors, graphing, nomography. isometric pictorials, technical illustration,
computer graphics, and working drawings. Prerequisite: Phys 140. (1 sem. hour)
Phys 171: Popular Astronomy — This course is designed for the general student. Recent findings in
astronomy are discussed, i.e.. black holes, quasars, etc. Other topics of interest are the evolution of stars,
how to find the planets, stars and constellations, life elsewhere in the universe and UFOs: the scientist's
view of astrology. No math required. (3 sem. hours)*
Phys 201: Elements of Physics I — Introduction to physics considering mechanics, heat, techniques of
motion study and equilibrium study. Two lectures and two-hour lab. (3 sem. hours)*
Phys 202: Elements of Physics II — A course designed to meet the physics needs of students at a noncalculus level. Application of physical principles to the life sciences is stressed. Topics in optics, elec­
tricity. heat and radiation are emphasized. Two hours of lecture and one two-hour lab per week.
Prerequisite: Phys 201. Offered spring term only. (3 sem. hours)*
Phys 204: Environmental Biophysics — Introductory course covering the energy problem and alterna­
tive solutions; radiation and its effects on man: the eye and vision: the ear. hearing and noise pollution:
electrical power production alternatives and the environmental costs: some instruments used in bio­
physics and medicine. (3 sem. hours)*
Phys 211: General Physics I — Introduction to physics using calculus and including extensive problem
solving. Mechanics-Statics. Kinematics, kinetics, work-energy, rotational motion, impulse-momentum.
Corequisite: Math 225. Three lectures and one three-hour lab per week. (4 sem. hours)*
Phys 212: General Physics II — This is a calculus based course which follows General Physics I. It
develops the concepts of electric and magnetic fields. Topics covered are Gauss' Law. Ampere's Law.
Biot's Law. Faraday's Law. electric charges and their dynamics, capacitance, resistance inductance,
etc. Prerequisite or corequisite: Math 230. Phys 211. Three lectures and one three-hour lab per week.
Offered fall semester only. (4 sem. hours)*
Phys 213: General Physics III — Continuation of General Physics. Fluids, hydrostatics and hydro­
dynamics. heat transfer and measurements. Laws of Thermodynamics, vibrating bodies, wave motion,
light lenses and optical instruments, interference and diffraction, polarization. Two lectures and one
three-hour lab per week. Prerequisites: Phys 211. Offered spring term only. (3 sem. hours)*
Phys 260: Basic Circuitry and Electronics — An introductory course developing the practical laws of
electricity and magnetism that are necessary to understand the common electronic circuits used in
experimentation. The emphasis is placed on measurement and instrumentation techniques rather than
theory and design. Two one-hour lectures and a three-hour laboratory. (3 sem. hours)*
Phys 272: Physical Astronomy — The main theme of the course is stellar evolution and how the mod­
ern theory evolved. Other topics mentioned are the geometry of eclipses, the mechanics of space travel,
relativity and spacetime and the reading of star maps. Content is selected to meet the needsof the science
teacher. Opportunities are available to learn to use the planetarium. (3 sem. hours)*
Chem/Phys 301: Thermodynamics — Thermodynamics as applied to chemical and physical systems.
Prerequisites: Chem 108. Phys 212. Math 230. (3 sem. hours)
Phys 314: Engineering Mechanics I: Statics — Includes the application of equilibrium conditions to
fluids and structures, plane and space trusses, frames and machines, beams with concentrated and dis­
tributed loads, flexible cables. Prerequisites: Phys 212 and Math 230. Corequisite: Math 301.
(3 sem. hours)
Phys 315: Engineering Mechanics II: Dynamics — Integrates the subject content of kinematics and
kinetics which deal respectively with the description of motion of bodies and the causes for their motion.
Prerequisite: Math 301. (3 sem. hours)
Phys 320: Electronics — This is an electronics course for pre-engineering and other science majors. It
begins with a review of ac and dc circuits and covers transistor and other discrete solid state devices and
circuits. Included are power supplies and regulators, filtering, amplifiers, etc. Also included are linear
integrated circuits. Prerequisite: Gen. Phys. II or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Phys 330: Digital Circuits and Interfacing — This is an introductory course in digital circuits and
interfacing, it will start with the basic logic gates and progress fairly quickly to interfacing and controlling
circuits using the computer. The interfacing will mostly be parallel interfacing, although some serial
interfacing will be done. The interfacing technique will be general in nature even though interfacing will
be done using the Commodore64 computer. Prerequisite: CpSc 160 and a general knowledge of voltage
and current. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 153

Phys331: Methods of Theoretical Physics — Applications in physical science and engineering of the
following: vector analysis, complex variables. Fourier and Laplace transforms, linear algebra, and some
boundary value problems. Prerequisite: Phys 212. Corequisite: Math 301. Four lecture-discussion
meetings per week. (4 sem. hours)
Phys 361: Modern Physics--Introductory survey of modern physics. Atomic and nuclear structure:
wave and article aspects of both electromagnetic radiation and matter, radio-activity: fundamental par­
ticles and methods of determining the fundamental constants of atomic and nuclear physics. Three lec­
tures per week. Prerequisite: Phys 212 or consent of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Phys 400: Advanced Physics Synthesis—Provides student with a variety of experiences in advanced
physics involving both theoretical and experimental work. When the student enrolls in the course the first
time thesubject matter is drawn primarily from thermodynamics, kinetic theory, wave phenomena, elec­
tricity and magnetism and is unified by examining the energy methods common to these topics. The first
course provides an overall view of classical physics. On repeated enrollment the student in consultation
and with guidance by the instructor can develop on an individual basis to whatever level is necessary to
meet his/her needs. Four hours of lecture or laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Phys 211, 212. 213 or
permission of instructor. (4 sem. hours — may be repeated for a maximum credit of 12 hours.)
Phys 410: Electricity and Magnetism — Electric fields and potentials of charge distributions and
polarized materials, magnetic fields and vector potentials of current distributions and magnetized
materials: electric and magnetic energies: electric and magnetic energies, application of Maxwell's
equations. Prerequisite: Phys 212. 331. (4 sem. hours)
Phys 490: Independent Study—Investigation of the theoretical orexperimental area following a plan or
proposal initiated by the student and approved by the major advisor. (1-3 sem. hours)
Phys 498: Selected topics

Pre-Engineering
Cooperative Program
Information on the Pre-Engineering cooperative programs with Pennsylvania
State University and The University of Pittsburgh may be found in the Special
Programs section of this catalog.

154 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

SCHOOL OF SOCIAL AND
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
The School of Social and Behavioral Sciences acknowledges the significance
of the Liberal Arts tradition which specifies a curriculum that educates students
for a lifelong learning experience. The School is dedicated to creating a learning
environment which encourages and stimulates curiosity, self-awareness and a
sense of perpetual growth and development. The School is committed to respon­
sible academic planning involving both the Liberal Arts tradition and programs
devised for career preparation. It is our conviction that the Liberal Arts tradition
and career education are compatible and that we should not elect to pursue one to
the exclusion of the other. The curriculum of the School seeks to establish a com­
plementary relationship in which the two concepts will reinforce one another.

Business Administration
Accounting Department
Spotts World Culture Building. Room 312-0
(412)794-5191
Economics and Finance Department
Spotts World Culture Building, Room 312-0
(412)794-5191
Management and Maketing Department
Spotts World Culture Building, Room 314
(412)794-7324
Men and women who major in one of the various fields of Business Administra­
tion develop a solid foundation in the discipline and specialize in areas of their
choice. You may choose a major in Accounting, Economics, Finance, Inter­
national Business. Management and Marketing. These majors provide under­
standing and expertise in recording and analyzing financial transactions; structuring
and operating the economy, acquiring and utilizing funds; venturing into foreign
business operations; directing personnel in stores, offices and factories; and pro­
viding products and services to consumers. The Business Administration de­
partments offer computer simulations and experimental activities in the classroom,
strong and active student chapters of professional organizations, personal atten­
tion from and easy access to professors outside the classroom and field experien­
ces in the form of internships and the Small Business Institute program.
The marketplace offers a tremendous variety of occupations for women and
men with a strong business administration background, a broad liberal arts educa­
tion and a good record of extracurricular activities. Such career opportunities in
both large and small organizations (CPA, CMA, others), government adminis­
tration, personnel, manufacturing, forecasting, research and graduate school
(MBA, others).

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 155

Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
Required Core: (30 semester hours)
BusA 209. 210 or 213. 219. 220. 230. 250. 320. 340. 458. and
Econ 202
Plus Math 120 or equivalent (3 sem. hours)
Specialization: Accounting
Required Courses: (12 semester hours)
BusA 309. 310.313, and 314
Elective courses: (6 semester hours)
Select other Accounting courses.
Specialization: Economics
Required courses: (9 semester hours)
Econ 301. 302, and 412
Elective courses: (9 semester hours)
Select from 300 and 400 level courses (one course may also be
selected from BusA 319, 452, and 453)
Specialization: Finance
Required courses: (12 semester hours)
BusA 321. 323. 327, and 420
Elective courses: (6 semester hours)
Select from 300 and 400 level BusA and Econ courses
Specialization Management
Required Courses: (9 semester hours)
BusA 352
or
353. 354, 454
Elective courses: (9 semester hours)
Select from 300 and 400 level BusA and Econ courses
Specialization: Marketing
Required Courses: (12 semester hours)
BusA 332. 333.430 and 431
Elective courses (6 semester hours)
Select from 300 and 400 level BusA and Econ courses
Specialization: International Business
Required Courses: (15 semester hours)
Fren 303 and 454
or
Germ 303 and 454
or
Span 303 and 454
and
Econ 407 or 415
and
BusA 427 and 437
Elective Courses: (3 semester hours)
Fren, Germ, Span 305 or 306 or 307

156 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Bachelor of Arts in Economics or Accounting
Required courses:
Three semesters of modern language (0-9 semester hours)
Math 120 or equivalent (0-3 semester hours)
Specialization: Economics
Required courses: (18 semester hours)
Econ 201, 202, 301, 302, 412, and BusA219
Electives: (15 semester hours)
Econ 304, 305, 306, 307, 316, 360, 402, 407, 408, 415, 490, and
BusA 319
Other Electives: (6 semester hours)
Any 200, 300, or 400 level Econ or BusA courses
Specialization: Accounting (39 semester hours)
Required courses:
BusA 210, 219, 220, 309, 311, 313, 314, 320, 340, 411, 412, 413,
and
Econ 202
Recommended courses: (Free electives)
BusA 209, 216, 310, 319, 341, 414, 415, 419,
and
Econ 201
Bachelor of Science in Economics or Accounting
Required: (6 semester hours from any one of the following categories)
(1) Any two Mathematics courses above 120. Math 210, 303, and 304
are excluded.
(2) Any two Computer Science courses at the level of CpSc 160 or above.
Computer Science 283 is excluded.
(3) English 204 Composition and Rhetoric, English 205 Technical Writing
English 207 Advertising Writing.
(4) Philosophy 103 Introduction to Logic, Philosophy 301 Symoblic Logic
Math 120 or equilavent (0-3 semester hours)
Specialization: Economics
Required Courses: (18 semester hours)
Econ 201, 202, 301, 302, 412, and BusA 219
Electives: (15 semester hours)
Econ 304, 305, 306, 307, 316, 360. 402, 407, 408, 415, 490, and
BusA 319
Other Electives: (6 semester hours)
Any 200, 300, 04 400 level Econ or BusA courses
Specialization: Accounting (39 semester hours)
Required courses:
BusA 210, 219, 220, 309, 311, 313, 314, 320, 340, 411, 412, 413, 419,
and Econ 202
Recommended courses:
BusA 209, 216, 301, 312, 341,414, 415 and Econ 201
Minor: Business Administration
Required courses: (12 semester hours)
BusA 209, 230, 250, and Econ 202
Elective courses: (12 semester hours)
Selected from 200, 300, and 400 level BusA and Econ courses (At least 6
semester hours must be from 300 and 400 level courses)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 157

Minor: Economics
Required courses: (9 semester hours)
Econ 201, 202. and Econ 301 or 302
Elective courses: (12 semester hours)
Econ 301,302,304, 305, 306, 307,316, 360,402,407,408,412, and 415
All majors in the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA) and
the BS or BA in Economics or Accounting specialization must pass Econ 201,
Principles of Economics Macro, Bus A 209, Fundamentals of Accounting I,
(Econ 202—Principles of Economics Micro for economics majors) and BusA
219, Elementary Business and Economic Statistics with an average grade of
C equalling 2.0 or better in those three courses before being permitted to enroll
in any 300 or 400 level course in the Departments of Accounting, Economics
and Finance or Management, and Marketing.

ACCOUNTING COURSES
BusA 190: Selected Topics
BusA 209: Fundamental Accounting I — A study of the elementary principles of the accounting cycle.
The recording, classifying, summarizing and interpretation of monetary transactions of the business firm
ire emphasized. The student is introduced to financial statement reporting. Corequisite: Math 120 or
equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
BusA 210: Fundamental Accounting Prin. II — Elementary principles of financial
accounting with
emphasis on the theory of the accounting model, organization and use of accounting records, accounting
working papers, and the construction and interpretation of financial
statements. Prerequisite: BusA
209. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 213: Managerial Accounting — Principles of accounting reviewed: introduction to basic cost
accounting including cost, volume, profit relationships and cost behavior patterns. (For non-accounting
majors) Prerequisite: BusA 209 or 210. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 216: Principles of Personal Income Tax — Covers returns, filing status personal exemptions and
rates, income exclusions and inclusions, gains and losses, deductions, alternate tax methods and with­
holding of taxes. Prerequisite: BusA 209 or 210. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 309: Cost Accounting I — Control concepts and costing methods, includingsystems for manage­
ment control, manufacturing inventory valuation, standard variance analysis and budgeting. Prere­
quisite: BusA 210. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 310: Cost Accounting II — Long range budget preparation, capital investments, transfer pricing,
decision models in cost accounting and quantitative methods in cost analysis. Prerequisite: BusA 220 or
permission. 309. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 311: Federal Income Tax — Corporate, partnership, estate and trust taxation are covered along
with topics such as depletion, net operating losses and installment and deferred payment sale. Prere­
quisite: BusA 216 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 313: Intermediate Accounting I — Intermediate theoretical accounting principles emphasizing
A.P.B. and F.A.S.B. principles as applied to financial statement assets. Prerequisite: BusA 210.
(3 sem. hours)
BusA 314: Intermediate Accounting II — Continuation of BusA 313. Analysis of accounting for
labilities and stockholder's equity. Fund flow analysis and statement interpretations. Prerequisite:
BusA 313. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 390: Selected Topics
BusA 411: Auditing Theory and Practice — Objective examination of financial
statements with
emphasis on internal control, review and evaluation, sampling theory and application and procedural
testing. Prerequisite: BusA 3 14 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA412: Accounting Seminar— Analysisofcurrentaccountingtheory and practice. Preparation for
Certified Public Accountants examination. Prerequisite: BusA 314 or permission. (3 sem. hours)

158 — Undergraduate Degree Program

BusA 413: Advanced Accounting I — Advanced financial accounting theory and practice with
emphasis on consolidations and partnerships. Prerequisite: BusA 220 and 314. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 414: Advanced Accounting II — Continuation of BusA 413 with emphasis on fund and estate
accounting. Prerequisite: BusA 220 and 413 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 415: Accounting Theory — A study of advanced accounting theories of The American Account­
ing Association. Financial Accounting Standards Board, and The American Institute of C.P. A.'s. Will
also emphasize SEC regulations as they apply to accounting. Prerequisite: 314. 413 or permission.
(3 sem. hours)
BusA 416: Fund Accounting — Accounting theory and practice as it is applied to governmental and
other not-for-profit institutions. Prerequisite: BusA 210. (3 sem. hours)
BusA419: Auditing Systems—Continuation of BusA 41 1 with emphasis on computerized accounting
systems and auditing procedures. Prerequisite: BusA 411 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 450: Internship — Supervised placement and research in selected public and private agencies at
appropriate institutions. Prerequisite: application, permission. (1-2 sem. hours)
BusA 490: Independent Study — In-depth reading and/or research in an area of particular interest to
the student, done with the guidance of an individual faculty member. Prerequisite: 12 hours of BusA.
application, and permission. (1-3 sem. hours)

ECONOMICS COURSES
Econ 100: Consumer Economics — Practical money management including information about
careers, how to get a job. budgeting, credit, investments, insurance, housing, taxes, and other consumer
matters. Course does not count toward the Economics and Business major. (3 sem. hours)*
Econ 175: Environmental Economics — Economic causes and effects of pollution. Evaluation of
costs, benefits and risks of alternative solutions to the problem ofdamage and destruction of the environ­
ment Course does not count toward the Economics and Business major. (3 sem. hours)
Econ 190: Selected Topics
Econ 201: Principles of Econ I — Definition of economics; concepts and institutions; demand, supply
and the price system; national income; employment and fiscal policy; monetary policy; economic
stability and growth. Corequisite: Math 120 or equivalent. (3 sem. hours)*
Econ 202: Principles of Econ II — Economics of the firm; resource allocation: price and output deter­
mination: market structure: current economic problems: international economics. Prerequisite: Math
120 or equivalent. Econ 201 or permission. (3 sem. hours)*
Econ 301: Macroeconomic Analysis — Determination of national income and employment National
income accounts as measures of aggregate economic behavior. Analysis of income stability, unemploy­
ment. inflation and growth. Prerequisite: Econ 202. (3 sem. hours)
Econ 302: Microeconomic Analysis — Price theory including theories of demand, supply, production,
resource allocation, market structure, general equilibrium and risk analysis. Prerequisite: Econ 202.
(3 sem. hours)
Econ 303: Health Economics — The production and distribution of health services in the United
States. Principles of organization and finance are analyzed, with particular emphasis on the roles of
government, insurance and the non-profit traditions of the industry.
Prerequisite: Econ 202.
(3 sem. hours)
Econ 304: Money and Banking — Emphasis is upon monetary policy, how it is implemented, the
theories on which it is based, and the implication of this policy onour economy. Prerequisite: Econ 201.
(3 sem. hours)
Econ 305: Government and the Economy — A study of the economic effects of government regulation
of business. Economic and legal concepts of competition and monopoly. Prerequisite: Econ 202.
(3 sem. hours)*
Econ 306: Comparative Economic Systems — Analysis of resource allocation within capitalist,
socialist, communist and fascist systems with emphasis on the USSR. Prerequisite: Econ 202.
(3 sem. hours)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 159

Econ 307: Urban Economics
Analysis of the economic functions and problems of modern urban
areas including theoretical and practical proposed solutions. Prerequisite: Econ 202. (3 sem. hours)
Econ 316: Evolution of Economic Thought — This course provides a look at economics from an his­
torical perspective. Original works of many early economists will be examined. Ideal for anyone in­
terested in how our economics system has developed. Prerequisite: Econ 201. (3 sem. hours)
Econ 317: Managerial Economics — Covers the application of microeconomics to managerial deci­
sion making. Major topics include: Demand estimation, cost minimization, pricing and production
decisions, and planning under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Prerequisite: Econ 201. Math 120 or
above. (3 sem. hours)
Econ360: Labor Economics— An investigation of labor markets and the effect of institutional forces
on employment, wage determination, stability, and the availability of labor. Prerequisite: Econ 202.
(3 sem. hours)
Econ 390: Selected Topics
Econ 402: Public Finance — Nature, incidence and economic effects of taxation; government spend­
ing; public debt management; fiscal administration. Prerequisite; Econ 202. (3 sem. hours)*
Econ 407: International Economics and Finance - Alternative exchange rate systems, commercial
trade policies, balance of payments, adjustment mechanisms and the role of international financial
organizations. Prerequisite: Econ 202. (3 sem. hours)
Econ 408: Development Economics — Study of the growth process including institutional problems,
political, cultural and technological problems,development theories, planningand programming. Prere­
quisite: Econ 202. (3 sem. hours)*
Econ 412: Economics Seminar — Application of advanced economic theory for problem solving and
research. Topic selection will vary with instructor. Prerequisite: Econ 301. Econ 302. BusA 219. or
permission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
Econ 415: T rade Flow Analysis — Brings to bear the principles of comparative advantage, the factors
proportions theorem, and the regional theory of world trades on the analysis of trade flows and economic
growth. (3 sem. hours)
Econ 450: Internship
Econ 490: Independent Study — In-depth reading and/or research in an area of particular interest to
the student, done with the guidance of an individual faculty member. Prerequisite: 12 hours of Econ.
application and permission. (1-3 sem. hours)

FINANCE COURSES
BusA 190: Selected Topics
BusA 320: Managerial Finance — Capital budgeting, cost of capital, management of short and long
term assets, mergers and financial
reorganization. Prequisite: BusA 213 (3 sem. hours)
BusA 321: Investments — Introduction to security markets and their operation: investment alter­
natives: fundamentals of investment analysis. Prerequisite: BusA 320 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 322: Bank Financial Management — Principles of modern bank financial
management includ­
ing sources and uses of funds and the role of the bank in financial markets. Prerequisie: BusA 320 or per­
mission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 323: Financial Markets and Institutions — Introduction to financial
markets and institutions
and to their role in financing
business, consumers and government. Prerequisite: BusA 320 or permis­
sion. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 325: Real Estate — Introduction to Real Estate is designed to acquaint the student with the sub­
ject matter of the profession. The course includes topics of ownership, transfer, selling, leasing, advertis­
ing. real estate law. and management. Prerequisite: junior standing. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 327: Intermediate Managerial Finance — In-depth analysis of financial
management of busi­
ness firms with special emphasis on the management of working capital. Prerequisite: BusA 320.
(3 sem. hours)

160 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

BusA 390: Selected Topics
BusA 420: Finance Seminar — Capital budgeting, cost of capital, capital structure, working capital
management and long-term financing. Prerequisite: BusA 320 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 421: Portfolio Theory — Advanced treatment of investment concepts. In-depth analysis of
Modern Portfolio Theory. Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and its extensions, options, interest
options, future markets and precious metals. Prerequisite: BusA 321 (3 sem. hours)
BusA 427: Financing International Operations — International monetary systems, sources of funds,
import and export financing;
taxation of multinational corporations, foreign investment decisions; politi­
cal risk: risk of foreign exchange losses: management of working capital. Prerequisite: BusA 320.
(3 sem. hours)
BusA 450: Internship — Supervised placement and research in selected public and private agencies at
appropriate institutions. Prerequisite: application, permission. (1-12 sem. hours)
BusA 490: Independent Study — In-depth reading and/or research in an area of particular interest to
the student, done with the guidance of an individual faculty member. Prerequisite: 12 hours of major
courses, application, and permission. (1-3 sem. hours)

MANAGEMENT COURSES
BusA 103: Introduction to Business — An overview of the business world including an introduction to
such major business specialities as marketing, management, finance, accounting and statistics. Course
does not count toward Economics and Business major. (3 sem. hours)*
BusA 190: Selected Topics
BusA 219: Elementary Business and Economic Statistics — Statistical analysis including frequency
distributions, measures of central tendency and dispersion, probability, parameter estimation, hypothesis
testing, simple regression and correlation, time series and index numbers. Prerequisite: Math 120 or
equivalent. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 220: Quantitative Management — Business applications of analysis and control techniques
including forecasting, inventory, simulation, queuing, linear programming, transportation. PERT and
game theory. Prerequisite: BusA 219. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 250: Principles of Management — Decision-making in all types of organizational systems,
including planning, organizing, leading, motivating, controlling and conflict resolving activities. Prere­
quisites: Psyc 100 or 110. Math 120 or Equivalent, sophomore standing. (3 sem. hours)*
BusA 319: Intermediate Business and Economic Statistics — Multiple regression and correlation,
analysis of variance. Bayesian statistics and decision analysis. Includes model construction and
forecasting with computer application in business and economics. Prerequisite: BusA 219. (3 sem.
hours)
BusA 340: Legal Environment of Business I — Torts and crimes, contracts, agency, property and
commercial paper. Prerequisite: junior standing. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 341: Legal Environment of Business II- A study of the Uniform Partnership and Uniform Cor­
poration Act and other areas of business law not covered in Legal Environment of Business I. Prere­
quisite: junior standing (3 sem. hours)
BusA 352: Production Management — Techniques for generating a product or service including plan­
ning and control or work effort, scheduling, quality, inventory, facility and equipment. Prerequisite:
BusA 220 and 250. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 353: Development of Management Thought — Contemporary management as the result of an
evolutionary process-involving the thoughts and writings of many famous management theoreticians and
practitioners. Prerequisite: BusA 250 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 354: Personnel Management — The basic processes, principles and policies, as well as the tools,
techniques and methods which can be utilized in the management of personnel in any organization Pre­
requisite: BusA 250. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 390: Selected Topics

Undergraduate Degree Programs —161
BusA 450: Internship — Supervised placement and research in selected public and private agencies at
appropriate institutions. Prerequisite: application, permission. (1-12 sem. hours)
BusA 451: Labor Law — This course will cover the evolution of Labor Law in the United States. Special emphasis will be placed on recognition, representation, and unfair labor practices. Some attention
w ill be spent on anti-discrimination and unfair labor standards. Prerequisite: BusA 250 or permission of
instructor. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 452: M anagement- Labor Relations — Modern industrial relations from the perspective of both
management and labor, including development of large-scale business and organized labor. Prere­
quisite: BusA 250 or permission, junior standing. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 453: Collective Bargaining — The "negotiation game"; major issues in bargaining; public policy
implications, impasse resolution and strikes; legislation affecting collective bargaining. Prerequisite:
BusA 452 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 454: Management Seminar — The methods and theories pf management are brought together,
interrelated and discussed in terms of current administrative practice. Prerequisite: BusA 220 and 250.
(3 sem. hours)
BusA 458: Administrative Policy — An integrating course dealing with the formulation and implemen­
tation of organizational strategy and policy. Prerequisite: Business Administration senior or permis­
sion. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 459: Small Business Institute — Small Business Administration-sponsored field experience
where student consulting teams analyze actual problem situations of cooperating regional businesses.
BusA 490 Independent Study — In-depth reading and/or research in an area of particular interest to the
student, done with the guidance of an idividual faculty member. Prerequisite: 12 hours of major courses,
application, and permission. (1-3 sem. hours)

MARKETING COURSES
BusA 190: Selected Topics
BusA 302: Principles of Marketing — Principles of marketingincluding product pricing, place and pro­
motional strategies. Provides an analytical framework of marketing decision-making. Prerequisite:
Math 120 or equivalent, sophomore standing. (3 sem. hours)*
BusA 331: Marketing Channels — Principles, methods and problems relating to wholesaling, retailing
and physical distribution management. Prerequisite: BusA 230. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 332: Industrial Marketing— Analysis, from a management perspective of the internal and exter­
nal environments affecting the demand for industrial goods; marketing intelligence and control; market­
ing strategy for product, service, channel, price, and promotional components. Prerequisite: BusA 230
and 250. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 333: Marketing and the Consumer — An examination of the buying process with emphasis on
economic, social, cultural and psychological determinants of consumer choice. Prerequisite: BusA 230,
Psych 110. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 334: Advertising Management — Management of advertising including background, roles, plan­
ning. media strategy, message, testing, research, evaluation, and administration of advertising. Prere­
quisite: BusA 230. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 335: Retail Management — Analysis of decisions in the areas of store location and layout, retail
personnel management, merchandising policies and control, and marketing strategy. Prerequisites:
BusA 230 and 250 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 336: Sales Management — Provides a foundation in the fields of selling and prepares the student
for a future career in selling or sales management. Prerequisite: BusA 230 and 250 or permission.
(3 sem. hours)
BusA 390: Selected Topics
BusA 430: Marketing Research — Research methods applied to marketing problems. Marketing
research as a managerial tool in problem solving and decision making. Prerequisite: BusA 220, 230,
senior standing or permission. (3 sem. hours)

162 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Bus A 431: Marketing Seminar — Selected topics in marketing with emphasis on the analysis and solu­
tion of operational problems. Prerequisite: BusA 230 permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA437: International Marketing and Management — The managerial problems of firms engaged
in international business with emphasis on strategies for successful foreign market penetration. Prere­
quisite: Senior. BusA 230, 250 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
BusA 450: Internship — Supervised placement and research in selected public and private agencies at
appropriate institution. Prerequisite: application, permission. (1-12 sem. hours)
BusA 490: Independent Study — In-depth reading and/or research in an area of particular interest to
the student, done with the guidance of an individual faculty member. Prerequisite: 12 hours of major
courses, application, and permission. (1-3 sem. hours)

Geography and Environmental
Studies Department
Spotts World Culture Building, Room 107

(412)794-7310

Land use planning. Historic preservation. Regional development. Resource
management. Map compilation. Human Ecology. These are just a few of the
exciting topics that are covered in the Department of Geography and Environ­
mental Studies. The department's program can lead to an equally exciting diver­
sity of employment opportunities. Some of our recent graduates are: conducting
floodplain studies for a private consulting firm, administering land subdivision
regulations for a county planning commission, developing an energy plan for a
five-county region, designing a system of bikeways for a small city, doing store
location research for a large retail chain, heading the cartography department of
an engineering firm, working as an aerial photo analyst in the military, working for
a travel agency, teaching, and pursuinggraduate studies. You are urged to stop by
our offices for further information on our various programs and a tour of the
department's facilities.
Bachelor of Science degree in Environmental Studies
Specialization: Environmental Studies
Required coursework (48 semester hours)
Social & Behavioral Science Core (18 semester hours)
G&ES 135. Econ 175, Psyc 189, PolS 324. PkRc 340, Hist 445
Natural Science Core (select 9 semester hours)
Biol 105, Chem 105, Geol 141, Phys 204
Research Skills (select 3 semester hours from each group)
Group I: G&ES 199, G&ES 220, Geol 231
Group II: PolS 210, Psyc 221. SASW 317
Environmental Studies Electives (select 12 semester hours)
Biol 207, Biol 208, G&ES 150, G&ES 199, G&ES 235. G&ES 304
G&ES 331, G&ES 401, Geol 231. PolS 200. PkRc 440. PkRc 460
Required Course (3 semester hours)
G&ES 489

Undergraduate Degree Programs —163

Bachelor of Arts degree in Geography

Specialization: Urban and Rural Planning
Required coursework (40 semester hours)
G&ES 115, G&ES 135, G&ES 150, G&ES 199, G&ES 210, G&ES
220, G&ES 230, G&ES 235, G&ES 301, G&ES 304, G&ES 331,
G&ES 445, G&ES 489.
Specialization: Human Ecology
Required coursework (39 semester hours)
G&ES 135, G&ES 150, G&ES 199, G&ES 202, G&ES 220, G&ES
230, G&ES 235, G&ES 301, G&ES 331, G&ES 380, G&ES 410,
G&ES 485
Specialization: Liberal Arts Geography
Required coursework (37 semester hours)
Required courses (27 semester hours)
G&ES 101,G&ES 102, G&ES 115,G&ES 150, G&ES 199, G&ES
220, G&ES 230, G&ES 331, G&ES 444
Regional courses (select 6 semester hours)
G&ES 201, G&ES 202, G&ES 204, G&ES 303, G&ES 308, G&ES
309. G&ES 420
Elective G&ES courses (select an additional 6 semester hours)
Bachelor of Science degree in Secondary Education

Specialization: Social Studies with a Geography Emphasis
Required G&ES coursework (24 semester hours)
Required courses (12 semester hours)
G&ES 150, G&ES 230, G&ES 331, G&ES 444
Regional courses (select 12 semester hours)
G&ES 101, G&ES 102, G&ES 201, G&ES 202, G&ES 303, G&ES
308. G&ES 309, G&ES 420
Other certification requirements (30 semester hours)
An additional 6 semester hours each in Econ, Hist, PolS, and sociology/
anthropology
Minor in Geography

Required G&ES coursework (21 semester hours)
Group I (select 6 semester hours)
G&ES 150, G&ES 230, G&ES 331
Group II (select 3 semester hours)
G&ES 202, G&ES 301
Group HI (select 3 semester hours)
G&ES 199, G&ES 220, G&ES 410
Group IV (select 9 semester hours)
Any G&ES course at the 200 Level or above
GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES COURSES
G&ES 100: Discover Geography — An introductory course that surveys the field of geography and
demonstrates the relevance of basic geographic concepts and methodologies to the solving of practical
problems. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 101: Developed Nations — An introductory course that surveys thedeveloped world, stressing
the economic, social, political, and environmental characteristics of Anglo-America, Europe, the Soviet
Union, and Japan. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 102: Third World Nations — An introductory course that surveys the Third World, stressing
the economic, social, political, and environmental characteristics of Latin America. Africa, the Middle
East, and Asia. (3 sem. hours)*

164 — Undergraduate Degree Programs
G&ES 115: Map Reading and Interpretation — Provides basic map reading and interpretation skills
with an emphasis on map projections, earth grid systems, principles of map reading, interpretation, and
use of an atlas. (1 sem. hour)*
G&ES 135: Introduction to Environmental Problems — An introduction tosome of the more crucial
environmental problems and alternative solutions that are available. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 150: Physical Geography— An introduction to interrelationships among the physical elements
of the environment, including the study of weather, climates, vegetation, soils, and landforms.
(3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 201: Latin America — Consideration is given to physical, historical, cultural, political, and
economic patterns in Latin America. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 202: United States and Canada — Study of Anglo-America, considering the physical environ­
ment, resources, economic activity, population distribution, and interregional relationships. (3 sem.
hours)*
G&ES 204: The Soviet Union — Study of the Soviet Union and Soviet-bloc nations with emphasis on
economic, physical, political, and cultural aspects. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES/PubA 215: Rural and Urban Planning — An introduction to social and physical planning for
rural areas, towns, and cities. Cross-listed with Public Administration. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 220: General Methodsof Fieldwork— A survey of methodology commonly employed for field
research, including techniques offield observation, the use of field equipment, field mapping procedures,
and the identification and tabulation of primary field data. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 230: Cultural Geography — Deals with spatial aspects of cultural phenomena. The course
focuses on the origin, diffusion, and geographic organization of cultural groups and regions. (3 sem.
hours)*
G&ES 235: Conservation of Natural Resources — An examination of the earth's complex resource
base which places special emphasis on the geographic location of resources and on conservationpreservation practices. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 242: Geography of Religion — The distribution and arrangementof world religions, giving con­
sideration to the comparative influence of religion on the cultural landscape and on regional develop­
ment. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 244: Resources and Society — An examination of basic factors underlying the spatial alloca­
tion and development of resources. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 245: Population and Resources — Basic demographic principles and their relationship to
regional development. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 255: General Climatology — The systematic analysis of the earth's climates, including their
description, classification, and location. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 301: Geography of Rural Areas — Analyzes the structure and primary functional patterns of
rural areas, with an emphasison agricultural and industrial land use, problems of rural development, and
population shifts. (3 sem. hours)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 165

G&ES 303: Asia — A survey of the major regions of Asia emphasizing their physical, cultural, and
political characteristics. Several countries are selected for special emphasis. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 308: Europe — The evolution of nations, the cultural landscape, and the spatial-economic
organization of Europe. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 309: Africa — The politicaland economic evolution of new nations, the problems faced by these
nations in establishing political stability, the distribution of resources, and problems of economic
development. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 310: Urban Geography — The course is designed to provide insights into the nature of urban
places. Emphasis is placed on their internal spatial organization. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 315: Cartography 1 — Designed to develop basic skills in the drafting of maps, charts, and cartograms. Special emphasis is given to the cartographic compilation and representationof statistical data,
map design, construction, and interpretation. Prerequisite: G&ES 115. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 330: Political Geography — The effects of politics on geography and the effects of geographic
factors on politics. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 331: Economic Geography — Examines man's use and economic organization of the earth.
(3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 345: Population Analysis — A study of the techniques of population analysis with respect to
growth, distribution, fertility, migration, and other demographic characteristics. Prerequisite: Some
background in algebra or statistics. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 410: Remote Sensing — Covers the electromagnetic and thermal properties of earth objects,
principles and operations of sensors, and the practical applications of remote sensing. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 415: Cartography II — Advanced cartographic compilation and design techniques areexplored
using statistical data sources, aerial photographs and remote sensed data. Computer graphics and com­
puter assisted cartographic techniques are examined. Prerequisite: G&ES 315 or permission of instruc­
tor. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 420: Historical Geography of Anglo-America — A study of settlement patterns, land utiliza­
tion. andsequent occupance for selected periodssince 1500. A student is expected to have background in
geography and American history. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 431: Trade Flow Analysis — Brings to bearthe principles of comparative advantage, the factors
proportions theorem, and the regional theory of world trade on the analysis of trade flows and economic
growth. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 435: Preservation Planning — A study of the American preservation movement as it relates to
features of the cultural landscape. The origin and diffusion of building styles and the methods and prob­
lems associated with their preservation are emphasized. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 444: Philosophy of Geography — Acquaints the student with traditional and current geographic
literature and traces the development of geographic methodology in the United States during the twen­
tieth century. Prerequisite: junior standing and/or permission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES/PubA 445: Regional Planning — Deals with planning for the future of regions that are larger
than any single local government. Consideration is given to economic development, land use, transpor­
tation, and other regional planning concerns. Prerequisite: G&ES/PubA 215. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 485: Human Ecology — A proseminar which studies the cultural-ecological stagesof mankind,
emphasizing attitudes, values, beliefs, and traditions toward environmental issues. Prerequisite: per­
mission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)*
G&ES 489: Field Studies — A proseminar. field-oriented,
problem-solving course that stresses the
interactions between the forcesof nature and the self-conscious activities of man in western Pennsylvania.
Prerequisite: permission of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
G&ES 490: Independent Study — Special permission is required. (1-3 sem. hours)
G&ES 498: Selected Topics

166 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

History Department
Spotts World Culture Building, Room 212

(412)794-7317

History is a discipline which supports the liberal arts concentrations in the
humanities and the social and behavioral sciences. Its aim is to place man and his
achievements in the proper perspective of our own western heritage and the
heritage of other cultures. The concentration in history is designed to develop a
knowledge of the past with special emphasis on an understanding of contem­
porary problems. The key to historical scholarship consists of the exercise of
critical analysis in order to evaluate and discover the comparative significance of
men and events.
Social science majors with a concentration in history enter careers in business,
government agencies and education, or pursue graduate work in history, law and
other professional schools. For graduate work, a modern foreign language is
recommended.
Beginning courses are numbered 100 and 200. Courses numbered 300 and
400 have a prerequisite of three credits in history or permission of the instructor.
Bachelor of Arts: 33 credits
Bachelor of Science-Education: 30 credits
The following courses are required of both Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of
Science in Education majors.
Required courses: 12 semester hours
Two of the following:
Hist 121: Ancient and Medieval Civilizations
Hist 122: Twentieth Century World
Hist 123: Europe to 1815
Two of the following:
Hist 201: U.S. to 1825
Hist 202: U.S. to 1900
Hist 203: U.S. Since 1900
Distributional electives: 21 semester hours for Bachelor of Arts. 18 for Second­
ary Education Majors. 6 credits in each area (9 in one area for B.A.)
American History
Hist 211, 212, 215, 327, 351, 372, 401, 410, 445, 451, 452, 453, 455
Non-Western History
Hist 270, 280, 311, 341, 342, 351, 352, 362, 363, 371, 462, 471
European History
Hist 270, 322, 325, 331, 332, 341, 345, 420, 422, 424, 440
Minor in History: 18 semester hours required in one of the following tracks:
1. American History Track: 6 hours from 201. 202, 203; 9 hours from 211
212, 215, 327, 351, 352, 372, 401, 410, 420, 445, 451, 452, 453, 455
(6 hours must be 300 level or above); 3 hours free elective in history.
2. European History Track: 6 hours from 121, 122, 123; 9 hours from 270.
322,325,331,332,341,342,345,420,422,424,440; 3 hours free elective
in history.
3. Non-Western History Track: 6 hours of 121, 122; 9 hours from 270. 280.
311. 341, 351, 352, 362, 363, 371, 420, 462, 471 (6 hours must be 300
level or above); 3 hours free elective in history.
4. General History Track: 9 hours of 100 and 200 level courses; 9 hours of
electives 300 level or above.

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 167

HISTORY COURSES
Hist 121: Ancient and Medieval Civilization — Major civilizations of the Western world as they meet
ana interact with the East. Emphasis is upon cultural achievements and institutional development to
1650. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 122: Twentieth Century World — Contemporary history in the perspective of World War I and II.
the Great Depression and the challenge of totalitarianism to democracy-Lenin vs. Wilson: Mussolini.
Franco. Hitler and Tojo vs. Churchill and Roosevelt; Stalin and MaoTse-tung. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 123: Europe to 1815 — European peoples and nations from the Renaissance and Reformation to
the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 201: Colonial America to 1825 — The colonies, the American Revolution, the new nation and Jeffersonian democracy to the Jacksonian period, including some study of ethnic groups. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 202: United States. 1825-1900 — Jacksonian era to world power, including sectionalism,
manifest destiny. Civil War and Reconstruction and problems of industrialization. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 203: U.S. History Since 1900 — Social, economic and political history of the 20th century,
including World War I. and the twenties, the New Deal. World War II. postwar problems and the
American Negro's struggle for acceptance. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 211: Black America to 1876 — To investigate, discuss and debate the historical experience of
Black Americans from their origins in West Africa, through the Middle Passage and the Plantation, to the
15th Amendment and the Sell-Out of 1876. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 212: Black America Since 1876 — The historical experiences of Black Americans from the
coliapse of the Reconstruction and the emergence of Booker T. Washington, through the NAACP.
UNI A and the Harlem Renaissance, to the rise of the Nation of Islam. CORE.SCLC and the election of
1976. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 215: Outstanding Americans — A biographical approach to the study of American history. A
study is madeof the lives of those Americans who have made a contribution to society outside the politi­
cal arena. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 270: Warfare in the Twentieth Century — A survey of wars in this century with emphasis on
World Wars I and II. Technical innovation, military theory and strategy will be examined along with
their relationship to the nations involved. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 280: Egyptology — A study of the history and culture of Ancient Egypt from the Old Kingdom
through the New Kingdom. The methods and disciplines utilized in the study of an ancient culture will be
analyzed and evaluated. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 311: H istory and the B ible — The history of the eastern Mediterranean area from 1800 B.C.-100
A.D. with a study of the Old and New Testaments in order to evaluate their historical validity.
(3 sem. hours)*
Hist 322: Germany in the Twentieth Century — Germany's drive for recognition as a world power,
culminating in the horror of World War I. and failure of the Weimar Republic, the rise of Hitler and
Naziism. World War II and the division into East and West Germany. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 325: History of Women — An analysis of women from the earliest civilizations to the 20th century
through the examination of the lives of ordinary and outstanding women from different levels of the social
order. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 327: Indians of the United States — The history and culture of the seven major geographiccultural groups of Native Americans, including analysis of the clash of cultures with European civiliza­
tion. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 331: England to 1689 — Celts. Anglo-Saxons. Danes and Normans in the formation of a nation,
the medieval period, and the Tudor and Stuart Centuries. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 332: England Since 1689 — The rise to world dominion through sea power to the rivalry with Ger­
many. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 341: Russia to 1855 — A social, political and cultural history from ancient times to the death of
Nicholas I. (3 sem. hours)*

168 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Hist 342: Russia Since 1855 — Continuity and change in Russia from the reign of Alexander II through
the Soviet period. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 345: Nineteenth Century Europe — From the Congress of Vienna to the outbreak of World War
I, examining nationalism, liberalism, the response to industrialism, imperialism, the rise of the alliance
system, and the breakdown of nineteenth century order. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 351: Latin America to 1830 — Political, economic and social development of the Spanish and
Portugese colonies in America, culminating in the winning of national independence. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 352: Latin America Since 1830 — Various developing countries of Latin America, their internal
problems, international relations and historic evolution to the present. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 362: Africa North of the Zambezi — Language groups, migrations of peoples, external influences,
colonialism and the emergence of independent states. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 363: Southern Africa — The Republic of South Africa and the High Commission Territories of
Bechuanaland. Swaziland and Basutoland, including colonialism, imperialism, war and reconstruction
in the 19th and 20th centuries. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 371: History of Jews — A course surveying Jewish life and thought from early Roman times to the
present. Four thousand years of Jewish participation in most world civilizations are examined, and
religious, philosophical and literary contributions are analyzed. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 372: The American City — Growth, impact and significance of the city and town in American his­
tory. A study of ethnology, religion and education as factors in urban development with emphasis on
industrialization as it transformed society and thought. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 390: Selected Topics in History
Hist 401: Pennsylvania — The founding and growth of Pennsylvania to the present. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 410: Westward Movement — The westward movement in continental United States from dis­
covery to 1890. Special emphasis on the trans-Mississippi West. (3 sem.-hours)*
Hist 420: Women's Studies Synthesis — An in-depth investigation into specific topics of Women's
Studies through individual reading assignments and group discussions. Prerequisite: 3 hours in
Women's Studies or instructor approval. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 422: Greece and Rome — The major events in the evolution of classical civilization. (3 sem.
hours)*
Hist 424: The Middle Ages — Major political, social, economic, and intellectual events in the feudal
era of Western Europe. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 440: French Revolution and Napoleon — French political, social and economic affairs in the
18th century, the French Enlightenment, the Revolution and the Napoleonic period. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 445: Environmental Thought in the United States — American philosophical foundations of
environmental thought in American history with emphasis upon changing attitudes and evaluations of
successes and failures. (3 sem. hours)
Hist 450: History Internship — Supervised placement and research in selected public and private
agencies at appropriate institutions, (sem. hours arranged)
Hist 451: U.S. Foreign Relations to 1890 — Foreign relations from the beginning of our national his­
tory to the era of imperialism and the Spanish-American War. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 452: U.S. Foreign Relations Since 1890 — American foreign policy from the Spanish-American
War to the present. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 453: American Constitutional History and Law — Federal constitution by the Supreme Court,
including the growth of constitutional law and political, social, economic and technological changes.
May be used as a political science elective. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 455: Economic U.S. History — American economic development, with emphasis on change and
growth in commerce, industry, labor, finance and governmental participation. May be used as an
economics elective. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 169

Hist 462: The Contemporary Middle East — The economic, social, cultural and political aspects of
the Middle East in the perspective of the past. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 471: China and Japan — T ransformation of China and Japan in modern times, under the impact of
Europe. America and Russia. (3 sem. hours)*
Hist 490: Independent Study — For history majors or advanced students with a background in history.
Prerequisite: QPA of 2.75 in history, permission of department. (1-3 sem. hours)

Political Science Department
Spotts World Culture Building, Room 209

(412)794-7315

Central to all our lives is government and what it does. Political Science studies
the politics that surround government and the political behavior of citizens and
politicians. It tries to explain and understand the structure and operation of
governments, the policies that government adopts, and the major issues and
values of political life.
Political Science majors develop the analytic and practical skills that are
necessary to grasp the wide range of political problems and opportunities that
challenge society in the last decades of the 20th century. The concern for main­
taining aquality academic environment is combined with an emphasis on expand­
ing the future employment possibilities of political science majors. Political
science majors are prepared to: (1) enter occupations related to the field, (2) enter
graduate or law school, and (3) enter occupations in other fields such as education
or business and industry.
The members of the department assist students in developing a philosophy of
life and meaningful civil roles and in acquiring the skills that are basic to political,
social, and economic success. To prepare students for continuous civic involve­
ment. responsible citizenship in the academic community is encouraged through
participation in department, school and university affairs. Practical experience in
politics is provided through class activities and the internship program that
involves students in the work-a-day worlds of neighboring communities, Harrisburg, Washington. D.C., and other governments.
Requirements for the Major in Political Science. Majors in political science
must complete a minimum of 30 semester hours. Students are required to take
PolS 100,101,103, and 210, and at least two courses from each of the following
areas: (1) American politics, (2) International/Comparative politics, and (3)
Political Theory. Additional elective courses may be taken from within the politi­
cal science fields. The political science graduate receives a BA degree.
Education majors concentrating in political science must complete a minimum
of 36 semester hours just as the BA candidate. In addition, the education-political
science major must take at least two courses from each of the other disciplines in
the social sciences and complete 28 hours of professional education courses. The
education-political science graduate receives a B.S. Ed. degree.

170 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Political Science Minor in American Politics
The student whoelects to take the Political Science minor in American Politics
is required to take a number of courses as detailed below. The total number of
hours is 18.
Required courses, 12 hours
PolS 101, American National Government
PolS 321, The Presidency
PolS 323, The Courts
PolS 325, The Congress
Electives: select two (2) of the following. 6 hours minimum
PolS 200. State and Local Government
PolS 201, Interest Groups
PolS 224, Civil Liberties
PolS 260, Political Parties and Elections
PolS 403. Constitutional Law

Political Science Minor in International/Comparative Politics
The student who elects to take the Political Science minor in International/
Comparative Politics is required to take courses as detailed below. The total num­
ber of hours is 15.
Required courses, 12 semester hours
PolS 103, Elements of World Politics
PolS 200, Foreign Policy
PolS 320, International Politics
PolS 363, Comparative Politics
Electives: select one (1) of the following, 3 semester hours minimum
PolS 328, Politics of the Socialist World
PolS 425, International Organization and Law

POLITICAL SCIENCE COURSES
PolS 101: American National Government — A survey of American national politics, emphasis on
the constitution, parties, interest groups, elections, organization, and structure of government.
(3 sem. hours)*
PolS 103: Elements of World Politics — An overview of the politics of various governments;the nature
of relations among nations; a study of problems such as terrorism and multinationals as political actors.
(3 sem. hours)*
PolS 105: Political Systems and Idealogies — An introduction to classical and modern theories of
politics, government, and citizenship. (3 sem. hours)*
PolS 200: State and Local Government — Examines state levels of government; emphasis is on con­
stitutions. parties and interest groups, elections, organization and structure of government. (3 sem.
hours)*
PolS 201: Interest Group Politics — The study of formation, membership, status, tactics, and policies
of interest groups. (3 sem. hours)*
PolS 202: Politics of Law Enforcement — The study of the courts, police, offenders, and the com­
munity in terms of the criminal justice system. (3 sem. hours)*
PolS 224: Civil Liberties — An examination of the development, nature and content of individual civil
liberties in the United States. (3 sem. hours)*
PolS 228: Communist Politics — Communist political systems, their government, policies, social and
economic environment, and relations with other nations are examined. (3 sem. hours)
PolS 231: Japanese Politics and Culture — This course is designed to be a survey of Japanese politics,
society, and culture. It will cover such areas as arts, history, philosophy, but will focus on politics and
problems associated with all of these areas. (3 sem. hours)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 171

PolS 310: Research Methods — An examination of the foundations of systematic research, techniques
of data collection and methods of data analysis. Prerequisites: PolS 101. 103 and 105 or permission of
instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PolS321: The Presidency — The study and evaluation of executive leadership in modern governments:
the roles, functions and types of presidential leaders. Prerequisite: PolS 101 or permission of instructor.
(3 sem. hours)
PolS 323: The Courts — The examination of judicial structures, functions and organizations: emphasis
on judicial decision-making and policies.
Prerequisite: PolS 101 or permission of instructor.
<3 sem. hours)
PolS 324: Politics of Ecology — The study of political control of the environment: focus on the roles
played by individuals and groups. (3 sem. hours)
PolS 325: The Congress — The study of legislative structures, functions and organizations: focus on
legislative elections, committees, and decision-making. Prerequisite: PolS 101 or permission of instruc­
tor 13 sem. hours)
PolS 327: Public Opinion and Political Attitudes — An examination of the nature, origins, and struc­
tures of political attitudes. Prerequisites: 3 hours of political science or permission of instructor.
13 sem. hours)
PolS 341: Classical Political Thought — The examination and evaluation of political theorists to
approximately 1500: Plato. Aristotle. Augustine. Aquinas and others. Prerequisite: PolS 105 or per­
mission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PolS 343: Modern Political Thought — The examination and evaluation of political theories from
1500 to the present: Machiavelli. Rousseau. Locke. Marx. Dewey, and others. Prerequisite: PolS 105
or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PolS 345: Contemporary Political Thought —The study of contemporary political theory since Marx
and Mill. The course shall cover such theorists as Lenin. Marcuse. Freud. Arendt. Habermas. and
Niebuhr. and others. Prerequisite: PolS 105 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PolS 361: Foreign Policy — The study of selected instruments of foreign policy, how it is formulated
and implemented: focus on one country.
Prerequisite: PolS 103 or permission of instructor.
(3 sem. hours)*
PolS 363: Comparative Politics — Stress on descriptions and conceptions of the state and political
institutions in the non-western and western worlds; attention on policy-making, national issues, and sys­
tems. Prerequisite: PolS 103 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)*
PolS 365: International PoliticsThe in-depth analysis of the political relationships among nation-states.
Prequisite: PolS 103 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PolS 367: National and International Security: Problems and Issues — National security problems
combine aspects of American government, international relations, game theory, and logistical problems
derived from Research Development priorities, economics. The course introduces the major issues of
our t-me such as arms control, disarmament, the nature of war. the reality of decision-making and various
case studies. Prerequisite: PolS 103 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PolS 368: The Politics of Industrialized Nations — A study of the uniformities and differences among
mobilized modern political systems through the utilization of the development method of approach to
comparative politics. Prerequisite: PolS 103 or permission of instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PolS 369: The Politics of Industrializing Nations — A developmental approach to the comparative
study of the primary functions, structures and capabilities of various industrializing political systems
such as India. China. Mexico. Brazil, Tanzania. Prerequisite: PolS 103 or permission of instructor.
(3 sem. hours)
PolS 390: Selected Topics — The in-depth examination of a specific topic: nature of topic selected and
its treatment dependent on the instructor. (3 sem. hours)
PolS 403: Constitutional Law — The case study and analysis of the development and growth of con­
stitutions through judicial interpretation. (3 sem. hours)
425: International Organization and Law — The examination of the structure, scope and develop­
ment of international organizations: the analysis of the sources and development of international law.
(3 sem. hours)

172 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

PolS 450: Internship — Supervised placement and research in selected public and private agencies.
(3-12 sem. hours)

SPECIAL COURSES
PolS 490: Independent Study--ln-depth reading and research in an area of particular interest to thestu­
dent. with the guidance of an individual faculty member. (1-3 sem. hours)

Psychology Department
Strain Behavioral Science Building, Room 210

(412)794-7284

Psychology is a science of the behavior of living organisms with a scope of
interest which ranges from the amoeba to man. The discipline is experiencing
unprecedented growth and change. There is no more exciting nor more important
science than one which attempts to understand man himself.
In the Department of Psychology emphasis is placed upon student-faculty
interaction. Several courses are individualized with tutorial instruction rather
than lectures to large groups. Students are offered many opportunities to conduct,
under faculty supervision, empirical studies of behavior related to their interests
and career goals.
The department has established experimental laboratories for studying animal
and human learning, psychophysics, physiological processes and clinical behavior
modification. Students have access to the SRU Computer Center facilities for
training in computer applications in psychology. The department has developed
working relationships with a number of private and community agencies to pro­
vide research and training experiences for students.
The Psychology Department is oriented toward meeting three broad educational
needs: (1) preparation of students for occupations related to the field; (2) prepara­
tion of exceptional students for entry into graduate programs at universities: and
(3) preparation for other fields, such as medicine, law, social work and others.

Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology
Specialization: Psychology (30 semester hours)
Required courses:
Psyc 110, 111,221,225

Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology
Specialization: Psychology (36 semester hours)
Required courses:
Psyc 110, 1 11,221,225,450

Minor in Psychology

Required courses: (15 semester hours)
Psyc 110 and 12 semester hours of elective psychology courses, 6 hours
of which must be at the 300 or 400 level

PSYCHOLOGY COURSES
Psyc 100: Applied Psychology and Human Problems — Introduction to behavior problems and the
relationship of cognitive, social, ecological and cultural factors. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 110: Principles of Behavior — Psychology as a natural science covering the goals and principles
of a science of behavior. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 111: Basic Behavior Science — Basic rudiments of simple experimental design, descriptive statis­
tics, and correlation taught through direct experimentation. Prerequisite: Psyc 110 or concurrent regis­
tration or equivalent. (1 sem. hour)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 173

Psyc 189: Environmental Psychology — Man's interference with the environment, including over­
population. isolation, social institutions as environment, noise, housing, community design, behavioral
effects of pollutants and behavior genetics. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 190: Selected Topics in Psychology-! Lower Division)
Psyc 210: Psychology in Business and Industry — Introduction to the application of psychology to
business, industry and other organizational behavior. Subjects include employment, promotion prac­
tices. supervision, motivation, training and human factors. Prerequisite: 3 hours of psychology.
(3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 221: Research Methods and Statistical Applications I — Introduction to descriptive and
inferential statistics used in evaluation and reporting of behavioral research. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 225: Introduction to Experimental Psychology — Training in the design and performance of
behavioral experiments. Prerequisites: Psyc 110, 221. (4 sem. hours)
Psyc 230: Nutrition and Behavior — The course will examine the nutritional factors involved in
several emotional and mental disorders such as learning disabilities, hyperkinesis. autism, criminal
behavior, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, alcoholism, drug addiction and related behaviors (e.g.
anorexia nervosa). (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 240: Human Sexual Behavior — Examines personal socio-cultural factors in sexual functioning.
Motivational, developmental, personality and clinical implications are explored. Prerequisite: Psyc
100 or 110 or permission (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 300: Psychology of Women — A survey of empirical and theoretical psychological studies of
women. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 301: Motivation — Concepts, theories and findings
related to contemporary psychology of
motivation. Prerequisite: 6 hours of psychology. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 302: Psychology of Criminal Behavior — The study of how individual criminal behavior is
acquired, evoked, maintained and modified. Prerequisite: Psyc 100 or 110 or permission. (3 sem.
hours)*
Psyc 303: Learning — Classical and instrumental conditioning, verbal learning, problem solving, habit
formation and retention. Prerequisite: Psyc 221. 225. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 300: Introduction to Psychological Testing — Psychological tests including intelligence,
achievement, aptitude, interest and personality. Prerequisite: Psyc 221. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 310: Organization and Management — A survey of the major approaches to organization theory
•with emphasis on the application of psychological theories to behavior in organizational settings. Prere­
quisite: 3 hours of psychology or consent of the instructor. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 311: Physiological Psychology — Physiological components of behavior, including neuro­
anatomy and neuro-physiology, functional organization, neuro-chemical control and motivational/
emotional states. Prerequisite: PyscllO. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 313: Animal Behavior — An introduction to contemporary "comparative" animal psychology
with an emphasis on principles of ethology, phylogenetic/evolutionary concepts and social behavior of
infra-human organisms. Prerequisite: Psyc 100 or 110. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 321/621: Drugs and Behavior — Psychoactive drugs and their action on the human nervous sys­
tem: legal and socio-cultural aspects of drug abuse. Prerequisite: Psyc 100 or 110 or consent of instruc­
tor. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 333: Sensory Systems — Basic anatomy, physiology and role of sensory systems in perception
and sensation. Prerequisite: Psyc 110. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 338: Cognitive Psychology — A survey of theories and facts related to complex information pro­
cessing and conscious experience in humans. Topics covered will include attention, memory, problem
solving, symbolic processes and human consciousness. Prerequisite: Psyc 100 or 110. (3 sem.
hours)*
Psyc 344: Developmental Psychology — Human development from conception to senescence with
emphasis on the theoretical and practical implications. Prerequisite: Psyc 110. (3 sem. hours)*

174 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Psyc360: History of Psychology — Changes in approaches to understanding behavior as they appear
in the evolution of Western civilization. Prerequisite: Psyc 110. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 365: Psychology of Aging — Psycho-social, clinical and developmental aspects of aging,
implications ofoptimal developmental and effective management of problems confrontingthe aged. Pre­
requisite: 6 hours of psychology. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 376: Abnormal Behavior — Contemporary views of abnormal behavior, its implications and
treatment. Prerequisite: Psyc 100 or 110. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc377: Social Psychology — The psychological implications of man's social existence:a study of the
social forces affecting human behavior. Prerequisite: Psyc 100 or 110. (3 sem. hours)*
Psyc 378: Clinical Child Psychology — An overview of the clinical practice w ith children with a con­
centration on child therapies as they are part of the contemporary practice of psychology. (3 sem.
hours)
Psyc 390: Selected Topics in Psychology—! Upper Division)
Psyc408: Personality — Study of normal personality: structure, dynamics, change, measurement and
theories. Psychological knowledge from various sources is integrated in the search for an explanation of
human behavior. Prerequisite: 6 hours of psychology. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 410: Introduction to Clinical Psychology — Introduction to basic skills of clinical psychology.
Prerequisite: Psyc 306 and 376. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 415: Intellectual Assessment — Techniques of administrative, scoring and interpretation of
objective tests of intelligence. Prerequisite: Psyc 306. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 421: Research Methods and Statistical Applications I — Intermediate forms of statistical
analysis of behavioral research, their rationale, and computer applications are introduced. Prerequisite:
Psyc 221, and 225. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 449: Sem inar in Psychology — Advanced topics will be announced in the schedule. Prerequisite:
9 hours of psychology or permission. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc450: Psychology Internship — Supervised placement and research in selected public and private
agencies at appropriate institutions. Prerequisite: permission. (3-9 sem. hours)
Psyc 475: Behavior Modification — Application of learning and other psychological principles in
behavior therapy. Prerequisite: Psyc 100. 110 and 303, or permission. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 480: Behavior Management — Principles, methods and ethics of behavior management in com­
munity, industrial and/or congregate facilities. Prerequisite: Psyc 110 and 303. (3 sem. hours)
Psyc 490: Independent Study — Supervised project, historical, theoretical or experimental. Prere­
quisite: permission. (1-3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs —175

Public Administration Department —
Spotts World Culture Building. Room 214

(412)794-7717

Public Administration deals with the management of government agencies at
all levels of government, how the decisions of our elected and appointed officials
are made and carried out. and the impact that these decisions have on the public
and private sectors of the economy. The courses of study in Public Administra­
tion include: organizational theory, bureaucratic behavior, policy analysis,
budgetary processes, personnel administration, management and administrative
responsibilities, ethics, and the future of American public administration.
The Department offers a Bachelor of Science in Public Administration and a
minor in Public Administration. The B.S. in Public Administration is offered for
students who: (1) desire a thorough knowledge of the skills needed for successful
management of public and quasi-public programs and institutions: (2) believe
that an understanding of public administration and the issues and problems faced
by public institutions will be useful in their life and career plans: or (3) are in­
terested in pursuing a graduate program in public administration or public affairs.
While the rapid rate of growth in government employment is expected to slow
somewhat in the 1980's, there is continuing demand for well-educated, pro­
fessional managers at all levels of government, particularly in local government.
The minor in Public Administration is intended to be useful to those students in
various majors who anticipate that their careers will be in, or importantly affected
by. government agencies. It is also useful for students who expect to move into
managerial levels in the course of their careers.

Bachelor of Science Degree in Public Administration
Required courses: (48 semester hours)
I. Core Courses (18 semester hours)
PubA 150. 254. 280. 284. 352, 460. 450. or 490
II. Research Skills (9 semester hours)
CpSc 160. BusA 219. 220. PolS 210. Psyc 421. and PubA 351
III. Area Requirements (12 semester hours)
Three semester hours from PubA 252, 312, 354. 453
Three semester hours from PubA 346, 366. 390, 402
Six semester hours from PubA 300, 310, 348, 350. 360
IV. Major Electives (6 semester hours)
Six semester hours in other departments selected from a list of
related courses.

Minor in Public Administration
Required courses: (24 semester hours)
A. Core courses (12 hours)
PubA 150. 254, 280, 284
B. Research skills (3 hours)
Three semester hours from BusA 219, PolS
C. Area Requirements (9 hours)
Three semester hours from PubA 252, 354,
Three semester hours from PubA 346, 366,
Three semester hours from PubA 300, 310,

210. Psyc 221
453
390
348.360

176 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION COURSES
PubA 150: Introduction to Public Administration — The study of the organization and procedures of
administrative agencies. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA 205: Local Administration — An introduction to the sub-state administration of public service,
counties, municipalities, special districts, and local quasi-govemmental organizations. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA/G&ES 215: Rural and Urban Planning — An introduction to social and physical planning for
rural areas, towns, and cities. (3 sem. hours)
PubA 252: Administration Law — A study of the legal basis, powers, and procedures of the adminis­
trative agencies. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA 254: Introduction to Public Policy — The study and evaluation of the formulation, enactment,
and implementation of public policies. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA 280: Budgeting and Financial Management — Analysis of the theory and practice of public
budgeting in various jurisdictions, including incremental, performance, program and objectives budget­
ing. ZBB. applications and relationship to financial management and fiscal policy. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA 284: Personnel and Human Resources — An examination of techniques, practices and pro­
cedures in public personnel administration, with emphasis on state and local governments, in addition to
Federal government policies and practices. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA 300: Intergovernmental Relations — Study of federalism, its impact on administrative policy,
and the current forms of intergovernmental relations including grants-in-aid and revenue-sharing.
(3 sem. hours)
PubA 310: Organization Development — An introduction to the theories and methods of "planned
change" in public organizations. The course will focus on the relationships of organization purpose, the
human interaction process, and the organization culture. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA 312: Fund Accounting — Accountingtheory and practice as it applies to governmental and other
not-for-profit institutions. Prerequisite: BusA 209. (3 sem. hours)
PubA 346: Policy Analysis and Evaluation — An examination of the theoretical and practical issues
associated with the application of analytic and evaluative techniques to selected public policy problems
and programs. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA 348: Bureaucracy — Approaches to the study of the structure and functions of large scale social
organizations. Prerequisite: SASW 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA 350: Principles of Management — Decision-making in all types of reorganization aI systems,
including planning, organizing, leading, motivating, controlling, and conflict resolving activities. Prere­
quisite: Psyc 110, sophomore standing. (3 sem. hours)
PubA 351: Public Management Techniques — Analysis of management techniques applicable to
non-profit and governmental operations. Network analysis, queueing theory, trade-off analysis, deci­
sion trees and cost-benefit analysis are explained with application offered through case studies of public
programs. PolS 210 Research Methods or Econ 219 Elementary Business and Economic Statistics are
prerequisites. (3 sem. hours)
PubA 352: Theory of Public Administration — A study of the background of current administrative
models, of the functions served by rational execution of the laws, and of the political values and
motivations of bureaucracies. (3 sem. hours)
PubA 353: Development of Management Thought — Contemporary management as the result of an
evolutionary process involving the thoughts and writings of many famous theoreticians and practitioners.
(3 sem. hours)
PubA 354: Personnel Administration — The basic processes, principles and policies to be pursued, as
well as the tools, techniques, and methods which can be utilized in the management of personnel in any
organization. Prerequisite: PubA 350. (3 sem. hours)
PubA 360: Comparative Public Administration — An examination of non-American public adminis­
tration systems with particular emphasis on innovative structures and procedures and their possible
application to American problems. (3 sem. hours)

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 177

PubA 366: Selected Topics in Public Policy — An examination of the background, current issues,
major problems, and central actors involved in a particular area of public policy. (3 sem. hours)*
PubA 402: Public Finance — Nature, incidence, and economic effects of taxation: government spend­
ing: public debt management: fiscal administration. (3 sem. hours)
PubA/G&ES 445: Regional Planning — Deals with planning for the future of regions that are larger
than any single local government. Consideration is given to economic development, land use. transpor­
tation, and other regional planning concerns. Prerequisite: G&ES/PubA 215. (3 sem. hours)
PubA 450: Internship — Supervised field experience in a selected public agency or other organization
related to public administration. (3-12 sem. hours)
PubA 453: Collective Bargaining — The "negotiation game." major issues in bargaining: public policy
implications: impasse resolution and strikes: legislation affecting collective bargaining. Prerequisite:
Econ452 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
PubA 460: Seminar in Public Administration — Integrative, senior level seminar which applies
administrative and research skills to a practical problem in public administration. (3 sem. hours)
PubA 490: I ndependent Study — In-depth reading and/or research in an area of particular interest to
the student, done with the guidance of an individual faculty member. (1-3 sem. hours)
PubA 498: Selected Topics in Public Administration — The in-depth examination of a specifictopic:
the nature of the topic selected and its treatment depend on the instructor. (3 sem. hours)

/ 78 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

Sociology/Anthropology/
Social Work Department
Spotts World Culture Building, Room 004

(412)794-7325

Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work offers a variety of courses which explore
the social and cultural bases of human existence. Many of these courses deal with
the origin, behavior, interactions and products of human groups, as well as the
problems created in living in groups.
The department offers two degrees: the Bachelor of Science in Social Work
and the Bachelor of Arts in Sociology. The B.A. degree has three tracks: Applied
Sociology, General Sociology, and Anthropology.
The B.S. in Social Work is designed to prepare students for entry level positions
in public and private social work agencies. The Applied Sociology concentration
prepares graduates to work in organizations in planning, research, and policy
analysis positions. The General Sociology and Anthropology tracks offer broad
liberal arts preparation for a variety of careers as well as for graduate education.
The department also offers minors in sociology, anthropology and social work
for students who wish to gain an understanding of culture and society but do not
want to concentrate their studies in this department.
The Social Work Program has been approved for candidacy for accreditation
by the Council on Social Work Education.
Requirements for the major in Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work
Bachelor of Science degree in Social Work
Specialization: Social Work
Required courses:
SASW (44 semester hours)
SASW 201, 250, 251, 317, 318, 355, 356, 357, 407, 412, 450
Three semester hours from SASW 202, 321
Psychology (6 semester hours)
Psyc 110, 344
Biology (3 semester hours)
Biol 102
Electives (6 semester hours)
Any 300 or 400 level courses with advisor's approval
Bachelor of Arts degree in Sociology
Specialization: Applied Sociology
Required courses:
SASW (39-42 semester hours)
SASW 201, 202, 317, 318, 348, 401. 412, 415, 450
Three semester hours from SASW 304. 305
Specialization (9 semester hours)
Three courses in sociology or other subjects chosen in consultation
with advisor
Bachelor of Arts degree in Sociology
Specialization: General Sociology
Required courses:
SASW (30 semester hours)
SASW 201,202,317,318,412
12 semester hours from 300 and 400 level SASW courses

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 179

Bachelor of Arts degree in Sociology
Specialization: Anthropology
Required courses:
SASW (30 semester hours)
SASW201, 202. 310. 311. 317, 320, 401. 412
6 semester hours from 300 and 400 level SASW courses

SOCIOLOGY/ANTHROPOLOGY/SOCIAL WORK COURSES
S ASW 103: Contemporary Social Problems — An analysis of major social problems confronting
modem society. (Intended for freshmen and sophomores). (3 sem. hours)*
SASW' 104: Courtship and Marriage — Contemporary beliefs and behavior with respect to dating.
— arriage and related topics. (Intended for freshmen and sophomores) (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 105: Human Diversity — An orientation to living and working with diverse populations within
modem American society, including examination of the strengths and stresses associated with diver­
sities. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 201: Principles of Sociology — Basic concepts of social behavior, group structure and group
processes. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 202: Introduction to Anthropology — Human beings as cultural and biological entities.
Emphasis-primitive and peasant societies. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 250: Social Welfare Institutions — An introductory analysis of social welfare policies, issues,
and institutions. (3 sem. hours)
SASW 251: Introduction to Social Work — An orientation to the field of social work and social work
activ ities in the community. Includes agency lab. Prerequisites: SASW 201 or permission. (3 sem.
hours)
SASW 304: The Modern City — Sociological aspects of urban life. Includes metropolitan areas and
-—.all cities. Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 305: Rural Society — An examination of contemporary non-metropolitan life styles, popula­
tion factors and social structures. Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 310: Cultural Area Studies — Anthropology course dealing with sociocultural phenomena of
specific culture-areas. Topics to be announced. May be taken for 6 semester hours. Prerequisite: 202.
3 sem. hours)
SASW 311: Physical Anthropology and Archaeology — The physical dimensions of human beings.
Their place among the primates: physical evolution, genetics, variation and microevolution. Archaeoogical evidence for cultural evolution. Survey and excavation techniques and archaeological analysis.
Prerequisite: 202 or permission. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW317: Sociological Research and Statistical Analysis I — Introduction to basic statistical con­
cepts and research techniques used in social research. Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)
SAS W318: Sociological Research and Statistical Analysis II — Major methods and procedures used
in sociological research. Prerequisite: 317. (3 sem. hours)
SASW 319: Sociology of Education — Sociological analysis of education as asocial institution and a
social process. Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 320: Anthropology Methods— Data gathering techniques and evaluation of anthropological
phenomena from tribal, peasant and industrial societies. Alternative to SASW 318. Prerequisites: 202
and 317 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
— SASW 321: Minority Groups — An examination of the minority group concept with special
emphasis on women, the poor, behavioral and physical minorities. Prerequisite: 201 or 202.
(3 sem. hours)*
SASW 323: Deviant Behavior — The subject and nature of deviance with particular emphasis on its
relativity and its relationship to social control and social change. Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem.
hours)*

180 — Undergraduate Degree Programs

+ SASW 324: The Family — Comparative perspectives of the family as a universal social institution.
Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SAS W 325: Society, Culture, and Self — An examination of the relationship between personal charac­
teristics and social environment. Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 326: Population and Society — Sociological/anthropological analysis of selected population
trends, problems and controversies in the contemporary world-both literate and non-literate. Prere­
quisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 330: Collective Behavior — An analysis of social movements, publics, crowds, mobs and
similar social phenomena. Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 339: Sex Roles and Society — An examination of sex roles, what they are. how they develop
and how they are maintained. An examination of the effects of sex roles on education, occupation, the
policy and other institutions as well as the effects of role restrictions of personal relationships. Prere­
quisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 340: Class, Status and Power — Power in modern society. Theoretical and factual analysis of
stratification and mobility. Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 342: Sociology of Aging — Social changes which accompany aging. Emphasis placed upon
how social processes influence patterns of aging and social problems of older people. Prerequisite: 201
or 202. (3 sem. hours)
SASW 348: Bureaucracy — Approaches to the study of the structure and functions of large scale social
organization. Prerequisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 350: Sociology of Sport — Theory and research on sport and its functions as a social institution.
Prerequisite: 201 or permission. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 355: Principles of Social Work Practice — Principles and practice of interviewing processes as
applied to casework methods. Prerequisite: SASW 250, 251. or permission. (3 sem. hours)
SASW 356: Social Work Methods I — Expands knowledge and skills base to includesocial work prac­
tice with family and group systems. Prerequisite: SASW 355. or permission. (3 sem. hours)
SASW 357: Social Work Methods II — Expands knowledge and skills base to include social work
practice in communities and larger social systems. Prerequisite: SASW 356. or permission.
3 sem. hours)
SASW 390: Selected Topics — One-time offering of courses not found in formal curriculum. Prere­
quisite: 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)
+ SASW 401: Applied Sociology/Anthropology — Deals with the application of sociological (an­
thropological) concepts and techniques to the solution of societal and group problems. Prerequisite:
6 hours in SASW including 201 or 202. (3 sem. hours)
SASW 407: Social Welfare Issues — Problems and issues associated with local, state and national
legislation. Prerequisite: 357 or permission. (3 sem. hours)
SASW 409: Medical Sociology — An analysis of health services, public policy and institutional
relations. Prerequisite: 201 and 3 SASW hours. (3 sem. hours)*
SASW 412: Basic Sociological Theory — Historical and modern development of basic concepts of
sociology and cultural anthropology. Prerequisite: 201. 202. 317. 318 or permission. (3 sem.
hours)
SASW 415: Social Policy Analysis — Analysis of the formulation, implementation and evaluation of
organizational decision making relative to social issues. Prerequisite: 6 hours of SASW courses at 200
level and above, or permission. (3 sem hours)
SASW 423: Crime, Justice and Society — Crime and the social mechanismsdesigned to control it. vis­
a-vis offender and enforcer. Prerequisite: 201 and 3 SASW hours. (3 sem. hours)*
+SAS W 430: Religion and Society — Religious behavior as a component of culture and society. Prere­
quisite: 201 or 202 and 3 SASW hours. ( 3 sem. hours)*

Undergraduate Degree Programs — 181

SASW 450: SASW Internship — Supervised placement in selected professional agencies. Prere­
quisite: for Social Work — SASW 250. 251. 355 and permission. For Sociology - SASW 317.318.
— i 5 and permission. For Anthropology — SASW 202. 311 and permission. (.^-15 sem. hours)
SASW 460: Senior Synthesis — Senior level integration of conceptual and methodological IrameU orks and skills. Prerequisite: For Social Work — all required SASW courses at 200 and 300 level and
permission. For Sociology — SASW 317. 318. 412. (3 sem. hours)
SASW 490: Independent Study — A rigorous investigation of a subject area within the department.
Prerequisite: permission. (1-3 sem. hours)
-+- These courses are taught from either a sociological or anthropological viewpoint. The student should
creek with the instructor to determine the approach being taken in the current offering.

182 — Faculty and Administration

FACULTY AND
ADMINISTRATION
State System of Higher Education
Dr. James H. McCormick

Chancellor

Board of Governors
Mr. F. Eugene Dixon, Jr
Mrs. Anne D. Jackson
Mr. J. Edwards Smith
Governor Richard Thornburgh
Secretary of Education
Dr. Syed R Ali-Zaidi
Mr. Murray G. Dickman
Ms. Rebecca F. Gross
Dr. Joseph L. Haller
Mr. James A. Hughes
Dr. James L. Larson

Chairperson
Vice Chairperson
Vice Chairperson
Ex-Officio
Ex-Officio
Mr. Floyd M. Mains
Mrs. Eve Y. Murphy
Dr. Charles J. Potter
Ms. Laurie C. Reed - student
Mr. E. Mark Strategos - student

Council of Trustees
Mr. Jack R. Arthurs, Chairperson
Mr. H. Donald Moss, Vice Chairperson
Mr. Grady W. Cooper, Secretary
Mr. John Beck, Jr
Mr. James M. Campbell
Ms. Joan T. Chew
Mr. Nicholas DeRosa
Ms. Katherine Fox (Student Representative)
Ms. Sandra D. McKnight
Mr. James V. Perry
Dr. Charlotte H. Shapiro

Carlisle
Monroeville
Slippery Rock
Chicora
Pulaski
Butler
New Castle
Pittsburgh
Slippery Rock
Grove City
Pittsburgh

Faculty and Administration — 183

Administration
President (Interim)
Robert N. Aebersold, Ph.D.
Executive Assistant to the President
and Director of Public Relations
Robert C. Dawson, Ph.D.
Director of Affirmative Action/
Equal Opportunity
Ellen H. Perrin, Ph.D.
Director of Information Services
Kenneth L. Lyttle, A.B.J.
Vice President for Academic Affairs (Acting)
Charles A. Zuzak, Ph.D.
Assistant Vice President for Academic Affairs
Louis Razzano, M.Ed.
Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences (Acting) ... Roy T. Stewart, Ph.D.
Associate Dean, College of Arts and Sciences (Acting)
W.G. Sayre, Ph.D.
Dean of the College of Professional Studies
B. Wayne Walker, Ed.D.
Associate Dean, College of Professional Studies
Anne M. Griffiths, Ph.D.
Director of Athletics
William C. Lennox, M.Ed.
Director of Sports Promotion/Information
John R. Carpenter, M.A.
Dean of Graduate School and Special
Academic Programs
Dorothy A. Snozek, Ed.D.
Associate Dean, Special Academic Programs... Robert J. Watson, Ph.D.
Director of Records, Scheduling
and Registrar
Joseph C. Marks, M.A.
Director of Admissions
Eliott G. Baker, M.Ed.
Assistant Director of Admissions
David A. Collins, M.Ed.
Assistant Director of Admissions
Pamela J. Seibel, B.A.
Assistant Director of Admissions
Patricia D. Woodberry, B.S.
Director of University Enrichment Program
Champ R. Storch, D.Ed.
Vice President for Administrative
and Fiscal Affairs
Stephen T. Hulbert, D.Ed.
Vice President for Student Affairs
Alfred T. Matthews, Ph.D.

184 — Faculty and Administration

Faculty and Staff
Aebersold, Robert N., Interim President
Ohio Wesleyan University. B.A.: Ohio University, M.S.; University of
Maryland, Ph.D.
Adair, Mary R., Professor, Special Education
Wellesley College, B.A.; Pennsylvania State University, M.Ed.. Ph.D.
Akhtar, Mohammad, Professor, Psychology
Panjab University (Pakistan), B.A.; University of Karachi (Pakistan),
M.A.; University of Illinois. Ph.D.
Albers, Ursel K., Assistant Professor. Accounting
Hunter College. B.A.; Michigan State University. M.A.
Amende, Ernest, Assistant Professor, Aerospace Studies
Fayetteville State University. B.A.; Ball State University, M.A.
Anna, Henry J., Associate Professor. Public Administration
St. Francis College (PA), B.A.; University of Notre Dame, M.A.;
Syracuse University, Ph.D.
Annable, Patricia C., Professor. Modern Languages and Cultures
University of Toronto (Canada), B.A., M.A.; University of Illinois, Ph.D.
Archibald, Patricia A., Professor. Biology
Ball State University, B.S., M.A.; University of Texas. Ph.D.
Ault, E. Donald, Head Football Coach
West Liberty State College, B.S.; West Virginia University, M.S.
Auxter, David M., Professor, Physical Education
Springfield College. B.S., M.Ed.; Boston University, Ed.D.
Back, Andrew W., Associate Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Clarion University, B.S.Ed.; University of Pittsburgh, M.L.S.
Badgett, John L., Jr., Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Lamar State College, B.S., M.Ed.; Texas A and M University, Ph.D.
Bailey, Richard T., Instructor, Military Science
Banjak, Stephen J., Assistant Professor, Physical Education
University of Iowa, B.S.; University of Pittsburgh, M.Ed.
Barnett, William L., Associate Professor. Communication
Bellarmine College, B.A.; University of Alabama, M.A.; University of
Pittsburgh. Ph.D.
Baroutsis, A. Paul, Professor, Economics and Finance
Pennsylvania State University. B.S.. M.A.; Purdue University, Ph.D.

Faculty and Administration —185

Barr, Bonnie B., Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Grove City College. B.S.: Mount Holyoke College, M.A.; Cornell
University, Ph.D.
Bass, Eben E., Professor, English
University of Connecticut. B.A.. M.A.; University of Pittsburgh, Ph.D.
Bend, Emil, Professor, Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work
City College of New York. B.A.; University of Pittsburgh, Ph.D.
Bennett, Charles M., Professor, Counseling and Educational Psychology
Indiana University of Pennsylvania, B.S.; Westminster College, M.Ed.;
Western Reserve University, Ed.D.
Bentel, George W., Associate Professor. Music
Carnegie Mellon University, B.F.A. Music, B.F.A. Mus.Ed.; Duquesne
University. M.M.
Berner, Robert A., Professor, Special Eduation
Indiana University of Pennsylvania, B.S.; Duquesne University, M.Ed.;
University of Pittsburgh, Ed.D.
Betres, Matilda A., Assistant Professor, Administration/Supervision/Field
Services
Duquesne University, B.E.; University of Pittsburgh. M.E.
Bhatia, Kundan Lai, Associate Professor, Sociology/Anthropology/Social
Work
University of Rajasthan (India), B.A.; Agra University (India), M.A.;
Indiana University. Ph.D.
BischofC, Joan, Associate Professor. English
East Stroudsburg University, B.S.; Lehigh University, M.A.. Ph.D.
Bish, Charles A., Assistant Professor, Health Science
Edinboro University. B.S.; University of Minnesota, M.P.H.
Black, Paul F., Associate Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Slippery Rock University, B.S.Ed.; Duquesne University, M.A.;
University of Pittsburgh. Ph.D.
Blackstone, Barbara B., Assistant Professor, Communication
Allegheny College, A.B.; State University of Iowa. M.A.
Boliver, Bruce G., Assistant Professor. Parks and Recreation/Environmental
Education
Slippery Rock University. B.S., M.S.
Bost, Robert F., Jr., Instructor, Special Education
Slippery Rock University, B.S., M.Ed.
Boyer, Eugene L., Professor. Parks and Recreation/Environmental Education
Slippery Rock University. B.S.; University of Pittsburgh. M.Ed.
Boykin, Kathleen L., Professor, Modem Languages and Cultures
Miami University (Ohio), B.S.Ed.; University of Iowa. M.A.. Ph.D.

186 — Faculty and Administration

Brady, Wray G., Professor, Mathematics and Computer Science
Washington and Jefferson College, B.S., M.A.; University of Pittsburgh.
Ph.D.
Bragg, C. Milton, Associate Professor, Communication
State University of Iowa, B.A.; South Dakota State University, M.Ed.;
Ball State University, Ed.D.
Brannon, Frances J., Professor, Physical Education
Berea College, B.A.; University of Tennessee, M.S.; University of
Maryland, Ph.D.
Brennan, Mary Kate, Assistant Professor, Music
Indiana University of Pennsylvania, B.S. Mus. Ed.; Duquesne University,
M.M.Ed.
Brochetti, Charles L., Professor, Counseling and Educational Psychology
Clarion University, B.S.; University of Pittsburgh, M.Ed.
Brown, Bernice G., Assistant Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Chicago State University, B.S.Ed.; Atlanta University, M.A.
Brown, Leah M., Associate Professor, Library
University of Pennsylvania, B.A., University of Pittsburgh, M.L.S.
Brown, Lewis, H., Assistant Professor, Military Science
United States Military Academy, B.S.
Brunken, Glen W., Associate Professor, Art
Kansas City Art Institute, B.F.A.; Wichita State University, M.F.A.
Bruno, Paul J., Assistant Professor, Physical Education
University of Bridgeport, B.S.; Slippery Rock University, M.Ed.
Bruya, J. Robert, Professor, Art
East Washington State College, B.A.; University of Washington, M.F.A.
Buchert, Beverly J., Assistant Professor, Geography and Environmental
Studies
University of Missouri, B.S., M.A.; University of Kansas, Ph.D.
Buck, Robert E., Assistant Professor, Mathematics
Georgetown University, B.S.; University of Dayton, M.S.
Budd, Harry L., Associate Professor and Director of College Enrichment
Program
Philander Smith College, B.A.; University of Arkansas, M.A., Ph.D.
Buhler, Herbert J., Jr., Associate Professor, Counseling and Educational
Psychology
Adelphi College, B.A.; Boston University, M.A.
Burtch, John L., Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
State University of New York at Cortland, B.S.Ed.; State University of
New York at Oswego, M.S.Ed.; Syracuse University, Ph.D.

Faculty and Administration — 187

Bushnell, Kent O., Professor. Geology
University of Connecticut, B.A.; Yale University, M.S., Ph.D.
Campagna, Victor P.,Instructor, Physical Education
Lock Haven University, B.S.; Slippery Rock University. M.Ed.
Carpenter, John R., Assistant Professor, Director of Sports Promotion/
Information
Geneva College. B.S.: Slippery Rock University, M.A.
Cavill, Wilma J., Assistant Professor, Health Science
Slippery Rock University, B.S.; Westminster College, M.S.Ed.
Changnon, Michael J., Associate Professor, Art
Ohio University, B.F.A., M.F.A.
Chapman, William F., Associate Professor, Geology
University of New Hampshire, B.A.; University of Michigan. M.S.. Ph.D.
Chase, Craig C., Professor. Parks and Recreation/Environmental Education
State University of New York at Albany, B.A.; Colgate University, M.A.;
Southern Illinois University. Ph.D.
Chen, S. Andrew, Professor. Counseling and Educational Psychology
Taiwan Normal University, B.Ed; University of Oregon, M.Ed.; Teacher's
College, Columbia University, M.A.; University of Pittsburgh, Ph.D.
Chesin, Gerald A., Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
State University of New York at Fredonia, B.S.; Syracuse University,
M.A.; Yeshiva University, M.S., Ed.D.
dinger, C. Douglas, Professor, Physical Education
Slippery Rock University, B.S.; Arizona State University, M.N.S.
Cloyd, William L., Associate Professor of Military Science
University of Wyoming. B.S.; Webster College, M.A.
Cobb, Larry R., Professor, Public Administration
West Virginia University, B.A.; Southern Illinois University, M.A.. Ph.D.
Cobb, Thorn L., Assistant Professor, Physical Education
Illinois State University, B.S., M.S.
Cohen, Sylvan H., Professor, Political Science
Ohio University, B.A.; University of Pittsburgh, M.P.A.; Kent State
University, Ph.D.
Combs, Clyde M., Jr., Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Morehead State University, B.S.; University of Mississippi, M.S., M.Ed.,
D.Ed.
Como, Louis, Associate Professor, Library
Pennsylvania State University, B.A.; University of Pittsburgh, M.L.S.
Condravy, Joan C., Assistant Professor, Academic Support Services
Gettysburg College, B.A., Shippensburg University, M.S.

188 — Faculty and Administration

Cooke, Dean A., Professor. Curriculum and Instruction
State University of New York at Potsdam. B.S.. M.S.; Cornell University.
Ph.D.
Crayne, J. Robert, Professor, Art
University of Illinois, B.F.A., M.F.A.
Cristofoletti, Richard R., Assistant Professor, Modern Languages & Cultures
Centenary College, B.A.; University of North Carolina. M.A.
Crook, Norris C., Associate Professor. Counseling and Educational
Psychology
University of Omaha. B.S.Ed.,; Western Reserve University, M.A.;
University of Wisconsin. Ph.D.
Culp, David B., Assistant Professor, Economics and Finance
Southern Illinois University, B.A.; Central Michigan University. M.A.
Curry, Elizabeth R., Professor, English
Northwestern University, B.A.; University of Wisconsin. Ph.D.
Curry, Stephen J., Professor, English
Columbia University. A.B.; University of Illinois, M.A.; University of
Wisconsin, Ph.D.
Cutler, William, Instructor of Military Science
Dackow, Sandra K., Assistant Professor, Music
Eastman School of Music of the University of Rochester. B.S.. M.M.
Dally, James C., Jr., Assistant Professor. Administration/Supervision/Field
Services
Slippery Rock University. B.S.; Pennsylvania State University. M.Ed.
Davis, E.H. Hunter, Associate Professor, English
University of Pennsylvania, B.A.. M.A., Ph.D.
Davis, Robert A., Associate Professor, Geography/Environmental Studies
Lock Haven University. B.S.; University of Florida, M.A.
Dayton, Douglas K., Professor of Aerospace Studies
State University College at Buffalo. B.S.Ed.; State University College at
Fredonia. M.S.Ed.
Deardorff, John H., Assistant Professor. Library
Mankato State College, B.A., B.S.; University of Minnesota. M.A.
Detlefsen, Michael E., Professor. Mathematics
University of Oregon. B.A.; State University of Iowa, M.S., Ph.D.
Dinger, Jack C., Professor, Special Education
Pennsylvania State University, B.S., M.S., Ed.D.

Faculty and Administration — Ili9

DiSpirito, Robert G., Professor, Parks and Recreation/Environmental
Education
_ ,
.
University of Rhode Island, B.S.; Teachers College, Columbia University,
M.A.
Domanski, Robert R., Assistant Professor, Accounting
University of South Florida, B.A., M.Ac.
Dresden, Carlton F., Professor, Chemistry
Wisconsin State College, B.S.; University of Wisconsin. M.S.. Ph.D.
Dreyer, Diana D., Instructor, English
Illinois State Normal University. B.S.; Indiana University of Pennsylvania.
M.A.
Driftmier, Keith D., Instructor, Physical Education
Doane College. B.A.: Slippery Rock University, M.Ed.
Dryden, Gilbert L., Professor, Biology
University of Missouri, A.B., M.A.. Ph.D.
Egan, Joseph J., Professor, English
St. Francis College. B.A.; University of Notre Dame, M.A., Ph.D.
Egan, Mary Joan Girlinghouse, Associate Professor English
University of Alabama, B.A.; Catholic University of America. M.A., Ph.D.
Egli, James W., Associate Professor. Physical Education
East Stroudsburg University, B.S.; University of Pennsylvania, M.Ed.
Erdman, Kimball S„ Professor. Biology
.
p, n
Brigham Young University, B.A., M.S.; Iowa State University, P .
Fair, Dennis T.. Professor, Special Education
Slippery Rock University. B.S.; University of Pittsburgh, M.Ed., Ph.D.
par)s Robert J.. Professor, Administration/Supervision/Field Services
Geneva College. B.S.Ed.; University of Pittsburgh. M.Ed., Ph.D.
Fearday, James H„ Associate Professor. Physics
Rose Polytechnic Institute, B.S.; Ohio University, Ph.D.
Fellner, Hans G., Professor, Physics
John Carroll University. B.S.. M.S.; Kent State University. Ph.D.
Force, George T„ Associate Professor. Political Science
West Virginia University, B.A.; Southern Illinois University, M.A., Ph.D.
Fox. Lawrence W., Associate Professor, Psychology
Allegheny College, B.A.; Ohio University. M.A.
Freeman, Richard J., Associate Professor. Administration/Supervision/
Field Services
Houghton College. B.A.; Cornell University, M.A.

190 — Faculty and Administration

Freydberg, Bernard D., Associate Professor, Philosophy
University of Rochester, B.A.; Duquesne University, M.A.. Ph.D.
Gabrys, M. Rebecca, Assistant Professor, Special Education
Slippery Rock University, B.S.; University of Pittsburgh, M.Ed.
Gaither, Thomas W., Professor, Biology
Claflin College, B.S.; Atlanta University, M.S.; University of Iowa, Ph.D.
Garfield, Mary A., Assistant Professor, Communication
University of Minnesota, B.A., M.A.
Gibbons, Susan E., Assistant Professor. Nursing
University of Pittsburgh, B.S.N.; University of Minnesota, M.P.H.
Gibson, Mark A., Instructor, Health Science and Athletic Trainer
Slippery Rock University, B.S.; Southern Illinois University, M.S.
Glinsky, Stephen P., Jr., Professor, Modern Languages and Cultures
Mary knoll Seminary, B.A.; Ohio State University, M.A., Ph.D.
Glowaty, Andrew W.,Instructor, Music
Northern Illinois University, B.M.; University of Michigan. M.M.
Grabner, Elise M., Assistant Professor, Mathematics
Ohio University, B.S., M.S., Ph.D.
Grabner, Gary C., Assistant Professor, Mathematics
Ohio University, B.S., M.S.. Ph.D.
Graziano, Richard P., Assistant Professor of Aerospace Studies
Duquesne University, B.A., M.B.A.
Griffiths, Anne M., Professor & Associate Dean, College of Professional
Studies
East Stroudsburg University, B.S., M.Ed.; University of Iowa, Ph.D.
Grochmal, Helen M., Assistant Professor, Library
Wilkes College, B.A., Pennsylvania State University, M.A., Rutgers
University, M.L.S.
Grotewold, Andreas P., Professor, Geography and Environmental Studies
University of Heidelberg (Germany), Diploma; Clark University, M.A.;
University of Chicago, Ph.D.
Hadden, Wilbert G., Instructor, Academic Support Services
Slippery Rock University. B.S., M.A.
Haller, John T., Jr., Assistant Professor, Accounting
Indiana State University, B.S., M.S.
Hamilton, Jean B., Associate Professor, Physical Education
Concord State College, B.S.; West Virginia University, M.S.
Hammond, Barry R., Associate Professor, Political Science
Dickinson College, A.B.; University of Pittsburgh. M.A.

Faculty and Administration —191

Hammond, Deborah S., Assistant Professor, Sociology/Anthropology/
Social Work
Dickinson College, A.B., University of Pittsburgh. M.S.W.
Hannon, Thomas J., Associate Professor. Geography and Environmental
Mansfield University. B.S.; Pennsylvania State University. M.S.; University
of Pittsburgh, Ph.D.
Harris, Kenneth, Associate Professor, Theatre
Bates College, A.B.; University of Iowa. M.A., Ph.D.
Hart, Alden W., Associate Professor. English
Yale University, B.A.; University of Oregon, Ph.D.
Hart, Robert G., Professor. Biology
Duquesne University. B.S.. M.S.; University of Illinois. Ph.D.
Haverstick, Martha J., Professor. Physical Education
Pennsylvania State College, B.S.; University of Wisconsin. M.S.; Boston
University, Ed.D.
Hawkes, Diantha L., Assistant Professor, Parks and Recreation/
Environmental Education
University of Maine. B.S.; University of Illinois, M.S.
Haymon, Francene E., Associate Professor, Student Counseling Center
Shaw University, B.A.: University of Pittsburgh. M.Ed., Ph.D.
Herman, Susan W., Instructor, Physical Education
Lock Haven University, B.S.; Slippery Rock University. M.Ed.
Herman, William L., Professor, Physical Education
Illinois State University. B.S., M.S.; Colorado State College, Ed.D.
Hicks, John A., Professor, Administration/Supervision/Field Services
Slippery Rock University. B.S.; John Carroll University, M.A.;
Pennsylvania State University, Ph.D.
Highland, George J., Professor, Physics
City College of New York. B.S.; Pennsylvania State University, Ph.D.
Hinds, Robert W., Professor, Geology
Brigham Young University, B.S.; Louisiana State University, M.S.;
Columbia University, Ph.D.
Hirstein, James J., Assistant Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Illinois State University. B.S., M.S.; University of Georgia, Ed.D.
Hoffman, Frank M., Professor, Biology
Grove City College B.S.; Syracuse University, M.S.; Pennsylvania State
University, Ph.D.
Hoiden, Calvin E., Associate Professor. Music
Duquesne University. B.S.Mus.Ed., M.M.; University of Pittsburgh. Ph.D.

192 — Faculty and Administration

Holtan, Orley I., Professor, Theatre
St. Olaf College. B.A.; University of North Dakota, M.A.; University of
Minnesota, Ph.D.
Hotchkiss, William P., Jr., Associate Professor. Physical Education
Syracuse University, A.B., M.S.: Ohio State University, Ph.D.
Hou, Roger H., Associate Professor, Mathematics
Chung Chi College (Hong Kong). B.A.; Indiana University, Ph.D.
Houston, Nancy P., Instructor, Economics and Finance
Grove City College, B.A.; Youngstown State University, M.S.
Hudak, Janice M., Assistant Professor, Physical Education
East Stroudsburg University. B.S.; Colorado State College, M.A.
Hughes, James C., Professor, Geography and Environmental Studies
Northwestern University, B.A.; University of Kansas, M.A., Ph.D.
Hulbert, Stephen T., Vice President for Administrative and Fiscal Affairs
Worcester State College. B.S.Ed.; University of Massachusetts, M.Ed.;
State University of New York at Albany, Ed.D.
Hulick, Frank W., Assistant Professor, Computer Science
Clarion University. B.S.
Hunkler, Richard F., Professor, Computer Science
Texas A and M University, B.A., M.S., Ph.D.
Hurlbut, Ruth B., Assistant Professor, Administration/Supervision/Field
Services
Cornell College, B.A.; Indiana University, M.S.
Hutchins, Robert R., Professor, Chemistry
Kansas State College, B.S.; University of Missouri. Ph.D.
Jain, Narpat S., Associate Professor, Computer Science
Panjab University, B.Sc,, M.Sc.; University of Denver, M.S.; Colorado
State University, M.S., Ph.D.
Johnson, Stanley B., Assistant Professor, Parks and Recreation/
Environmental Education
Pennsylvania State University, B.S., M.F.
Joshi, Sharadchandra W., Associate Professor, Computer Science
University of Poons (India), M.S.; Pennsylvania State University, Ph.D.
Karnes, John P., Professor, Chemistry
Central Methodist College, A.B.; University of Missouri, M.S., Ph.D.
Karwand, Elwood C., Assistant Professor, Communication
Hamline University, B.A.; University of Minnesota. M.A.
Kasnevich, M. Janice, Assistant Professor. Physical Education
Slippery Rock University, B.S.; University of Pittsburgh. M.Ed.

Faculty and Administration —193

Kearney, Brian J., Professor. Physics
Gannon College. B.A.: Pennsylvania State University. M.Ed.. D.Ed.
Keith, Bradley F., Professor. Physical Education
University of Kansas, B.S.; University of Northern Colorado. M.A., Ed.D.
Kelly, Donald S.. Professor. History
Slippery Rock University. B.S.; Indiana University. M.A.; Ball State
University. Ph.D.
Kelly, Frances E., Instructor. Art
Pennsylvania State University. B.F.A., M.F.A.
Kelly, Michael J., Professor. English
Willamette University. B.A.: University of Massachusetts. M.A., Ph.D.
Kelly, Priscilla T., Instructor. English
Willamette University. B.A.. University of Massachusetts. M.A.
Kemmerer, Ann H., Associate Professor. Academic Support Services
Pennsylvania State University. B.S.: University of Louisville. M.Ed.
Kendziorski, Stanley J. Associate Professor. Health Science
Central Michigan University. B.S.. M.A.
Kennedy, Philip J., Associate Professor. Accounting
St. Francis College. B.S.: Duquesne University. M.S.
Kirby, Carol B., Instructor. Modern Languages & Cultures
University of Akron. B.A.: University of Wisconsin-Madison. M.A.:
University of Kentucky. Ph.D.
Kirk, William E., Professor. Psychology
Marietta College, B.S.; Ohio University. M.S., Ph.D.
Knaub. Maribeth J., Assistant Professor. Music
Lawrence University. A.B.: Peabody Conservatory of Music. M.M.
Kneupper, Theodore L., Professor, Philosophy
St. Mary's University. B.A.; University of Louvain (Belgium). Ph.D.
Knierim. Helen A., Professor. Physical Education
Illinois State University. B.S.Ed.: University of Iowa. M.A., Ph.D.
Knoll. Patricia R., Associate Professor: Curriculum and Instruction
University of Pittsburgh. B.S.. M.Ed., Ph.D.
Koehler. Patricia M., Associate Professor. Special Education
Slippery Rock University. B.S.: University of Pittsburgh. M.Ed.. Ph.D.
Kokus. Martin T., Assistant Professor. Physics
University of Pittsburgh. B.S.: University of Virginia. M.S.

194 — Faculty and Administration

Kopper, Edward A., Jr., Professor, English
St. Joseph's College, B.A.; Temple University, M.A. Ph.D.
Kotani, Akiko, Associate Professor, Art
University of Hawaii, B.F.A.; Texler School of Art, M.F.A.
Krishnakumar, Parameswar, Associate Professor, Management and Marketing
University of Florida, M.B.A., Ph.D.
Kuhr, Manuel I., Professor, Communication
Temple University, B.A., M.A.; University of Missouri, Ph.D.
La Doux, Paulette, Assisant Professor, Counseling & Educational Psychology
University of Kentucky, B.A.; St. John's University, Ph.D.
Lambert, Thomas K., Associate Professor, Physical Education
West Chester University, B.S., Springfield College, M.S.
Lamson, Roger B., Assistant Professor, Library
Hartwick College, B.A.; University of Denver, M.A.
Landrum, John H., Professor, Counseling and Educational Psychology
Catholic University, A.B., M.A.; University of Denver, Ed.D.
Larsen, Allan W., Professor, Philosophy
Brooklyn College, B.A.; University of Delaware, M.A.; Duquesne
University, Ph.D.
Lawson, George M., Assistant Professor, Communication
University of New Mexico, B.A.; Brigham Young University, M.A.
Leffingwell, Robert D., Assistant Professor, Communication
Westminster College, B.A.; Pennsylvania State University, M.A.; Ohio
State University, Ph.D.
Lennox, William C., Assistant Professor. Physical Education and Director
of Athletics
Slippery Rock University, B.S. M.Ed.
Lenz, Henry, Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Ohio State University, B.A.; University of Colorado, M.A.; Ohio State
University, Ph.D.
Leo, Ruth E., Assistant Professor, Nursing
Simmons College, B.S.N.; University of Minnesota, M.N.Ed.
Lewis, Beverly J., Assistant Professor, Administration/Supervision/Field
Services
Slippery Rock University, B.S., M.Ed.
Liedel-Rice, Ann, Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Siena Heights College, Ph.B.; Ball State University, M.A., Ed.D.

Faculty and Administration — 195

Lin, Thomas T., Assistant Professor, Computer Science
Chinese Culture University. B.S.; Northwestern University. M.S.
Lindgren, William F., Professor, Mathematics
South Dakota School of Mines and Technology. B.S.. M.S.; Southern
Illinois University, Ph.D.
Lindsay, Jennifer E., Assistant Professor. Physical Education
Dunfermline College of Physical Education (Scotland), Diploma; Slippery
Rock University. B.S., M.S.
Lisciandro, Joseph A., Assistant Professor, Accounting
Slippery Rock University, B.A.; Clarion University. M.B.A.
Livingston, Fred J., Assistant Professor. Special Education
Youngstown University. B.A.; Eastern Michigan University. M.B.A.
Lorentz, Royce A., Associate Professor, Management and Marketing
Southern Illinois University. B.S., M.S.
Love, Robert M., Associate Professor, Library
Oberlin College. B.A.; Western Reserve University. M.S.L.S.
Lowing, Lawrence F., Jr., Professor, Health Science
Baldwin-Wallace College. A.B.; Indiana University. M.S.. H.S.D.
Lowry, Kenneth M., Assistant Professor. Health Science
Slippery Rock University. B.S.; University of Oregon. M.S.
Macoskey, Robert A., Professor. Philosophy
University of Puget Sound. B.A.. Berkeley Baptist Divinty School, B.D.;
University of Edinburgh (Scotland). Ph.D.
Mamoozadeh, G. Abbas, Assistant Professor. Economics and Finance
Kent State University. B.B.A., M.A.
Manfredi, Francis A., Assistant Professor. Special Education
California University. B.S.: West Virginia University. M.A.
Mani, S. B., Professor, Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work
Delhi University (India), B.Sc. M.Sc.; Cornell University. M.A.; Syracuse
University, Ph.D.
Marks, Joseph C., Associate Professor and Registrar
Denison University, B.A.; Ohio State University. M.A.
Martin, Richard T., Assistant Professor. Political Science
Ohio State University, B.A.. Kent State University. M.A.. Ph.D.
Martin, William E., Assistant Professor, Geography and Environmental
Studies
University of Missouri. A.B., M.A.
Matambanadzo, Michael A., Assistant Professor, History
Fordham University, B.A.. M.A.

196 — Faculty and Administration

Mathieu, Robert J., Assistant Professor, Geography and Environmental
Studies
University of Maine. B.S.; University of Georgia, M.A., Ph.D.
Matteson, Carol J., Assistant Professor. Management and Marketing
Slippery Rock University. B.S.: University of Oregon, M.S.
Matthews, Alfred T., Vice President for Student Affairs
Northern Colorado University, B.A., M.A.; Indiana University, Ph.D.
Maxwell. Richard D„ Associate Professor. Physical Education
Ohio State University, B.S.Ed.: University of North Carolina, M.A.Ed.
McAllister, Homer Y., Associate Professor, Biology
Nebraska State College, B.S.: State University of South Dakota, A.M.
McCandless, Richard I., Assistant Professor, Health Science, and
University Athletic Trainer
Slippery Rock University, B.S., M.S.
McClure, Clair W., Professor. Mathematics
Thiel College, B.S.; Ohio State University, M.A., Ph.D.
McCollum. Robert H„ Associate Professor. Parks and Recreation/
Environmental Education
Slippery Rock University, B.S., M.A.; Dallas Theological Seminary. M.A.
University of Oregon. M.S., D.Ed.
McFarland, James P., Associate Professor, Parks and Recreation/
Environmental Education
Adams College, B.A.. M.A.; University of Alabama, Ed.D.
Mcllvaine, Robert M., Professor. English
Davis and Elkins, B.A.: University of Pennsylvania. M.A.; Temple
University, Ph.D.
McKay, Mary Agnes, Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Indiana University of Pennsylvania. B.S.Ed.; University of Pittsburgh,
M.Ed.. Ph.D.
McKeag, Joanne L., Professor, Physical Education
Slippery Rock University. B.S.; University of Pittsburgh. M.Ed: Purdue
University, Ph.D.
McQuiston, James F., Instructor, Music
East Carolina University, B.M.; Michigan State University. M.M.
Medve, Richard J., Professor. Biology
California University, B.S.; Kent State University, M.A.; Ohio State
University, Ph.D.
Megnin, Donald F., Professor, Political Science
Syracuse University, A.B., A.M.: Boston University, S.T.B.; Syracuse
University, Ph.D.

Faculty and Administration -197

Mennell, James E., Associate Professor, History
University of Illinois, B.A.; DePaul University, M.A.: Iowa State
University. Ph.D.
Mensah, Vincent, Assistant Professor, Economics and Finance
University of Ghana. B.S.: Cranfield Institute of Technology. M.B.A.;
Wayne State University, Ph.D.
Michel, Kenneth E., Professor, Biology
Northern Illinois University, B.S..M.S.Ed.; University of Minnesota, Ph.D.
Mihalik, George J., Assistant Professor, Health Science
Slippery Rock University, B.S.. M.Ed.
Miller, Raymond E., Professor, Physics
Pennsylvania State University. B.S.; Westminster College, M.S.;
Pennsylvania State University, D.Ed.
Minnick, Francine P., Associate Professor, Administration/SuSupervision/
Field Services
Indiana University, B.S.; University of Nebraska, M.Ed.; University of
Illinois. Ed.D.
Mohler, J. David, Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Franklin and Marshall College. A.B.; Duke University. A.M., Ed.D.
Morar, Sylvia M., Instructor. Special Education
Youngstown State University. B.S.Ed.; Slippery Rock University, M.Ed.
Morrison, William S., Professor. Biology
Washington and Jefferson College, B.A.: West Virginia University. M.A.;
University of Pittsburgh. Ph.D.
Mueller, Charles F., Professor, Biology
Indiana University of Pennsylvania. B.S.; Ohio University, M.S.; Montana
State College. Ph.D.
Mullen, Sue B., Instructor, English
College of Wooster. B.A.: Slippery Rock University. M.A.
Mullen, Thomas H., Associate Professor, English
University of California at Los Angeles, B.A.; California State (Los
Angeles), M.A.
Murray, Joyce L., Assistant Professor, Health Science
East Stroudsburg University, B.S.; University of Wyoming, M.Ed.
Myers, Richard K., Professor, Special Education
Pennsylvania State University, B.S.. M.S.; University of Pittsburgh, Ed.D.
Myers-Tillotson, Karin R., Associate Professor, Administration/Supervision/
Field Services
California University, B.S.Ed..; University of Pittsburgh, M.Ed.;
University of Illinois. Ph.D.

198 — Faculty and Administration

Myford, James C., Associate Professor, Art
Edinboro University, B.S.; Indiana University of Pennsylvania, M.Ed.,
M.A.
Neely, William F., Associate Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Indiana University of Pennsylvania, B.S.; University of Pittsburgh, M.S.
Neff, J. Eugene, Assistant Professor, Library
McPherson College, A.B.; Indiana University, M.A.
Ney, Diana F., Associate Professor, Nursing
University of Pittsburgh, B.S.N., M.Litt., Ph.D.
Nichols, John A., Professor, History
Geneva College, B.A.; Fairleigh Dickinson University, M.A.; Kent State
University, Ph.D.
Normand, Joseph J., Instructor, Communication
Duquesne University, B.A.; Pennsylvania State University, M.A.
O'Bannon, Chester T., Professor, Music
Kansas City University, B.A.; Catholic University of America, M.M.;
University of Missouri at Kansas City, D.M.A.
Oberlin, Roger L., Assistant Professor, Physical Education
Hillsdale College, BA.A; State University of New York at Buffalo, M.Ed.
O'Malley, Jerome F., Professor, English
Boston College, B.A., M.A.; Duquesne University, Ph.D.
Oman, William H., Associate Professor, Philosophy
St. Mary's College, B.A.; Fordham University, M.A., Ph.D.
Ondrusko, Monica G., Associate Professor, Special Education
Duquesne University, B.S.Ed., M.Ed.
Pagano, Anthony V., Professor, Mathematics
Arizona State University, B.A., M.A.; Pennsylvania State University,
D.Ed.
Papanikolaou, Nicholas E., Professor, Chemistry
St. Anselm's College, B.A.; University of New Hampshire, Ph.D.
Parascenzo, Leona C., Associate Professor, Nursing
Georgetown University, B.S.N.; Boston University, M.S.N.
Paul, Mary Alice, Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Kent State University, B.S.Ed., M.E.; University of Iowa, Ph.D.
Pechar, Gary S., Professor, Physical Education
State University of New York at Cortland, B.S.; Pennsylvania State
University, M.S.; New York University, Ph.D.
Pennell, James R., Associate Professor, Health Science
West Chester University, B.S.; Southern Illinois University, M.S.;
University of Arkansas, Ed.D.

Faculty and Administration — 199

Peritz, Rene, Professor. Political Science
Temple University. B.A.: University of Pennsylvania, M.A., Ph.D.
Perrin, Ellen H., Associate Professor. Director of Affirmative Action and
Equal Opportunity
Duquesne University. B.S.: University of Pittsburgh. M.Ed., Ph.D.
Policicchio, Armand, Instructor, Academic Support Services
St. Vincent College. B.A.; Seton Hall University, M.A.
Polk, William C., Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
WestChester University, B.S.; Columbia University. M.A.: Pennsylvania
State University, D.Ed.
Porter, Charles M., Professor. Counseling and Educational Psychology
North Texas State University. B.A.. M.Ed., Ed.D.
Powell, Fred B.,Assistant Professor, Physical Education
Lock Haven University. B.S.; Indiana State University, M.A.
Powell, Roberta B., Professor. Physical Education
University of New Mexico. B.A.; Wichita State University. M.Ed.;
University of Utah. Ph.D.
Powell, Walter V., Associate Professor, Political Science
University of Connecticut. B.A., M.A.; Western New England College. J.D.
Price, George W., Professor. Library
Brigham Young University. B.A.; Indiana University. M.S.. Ph.D.
Pugliese, Frank A., Associate Professor. Biology
Indiana University of Pennsylvania. B.S.Ed.; St. Bonaventure University,
Ph.D.
Quast, W. Garry, Professor. Curriculum and Instruction
Blackburn College, B.A.; Rutgers University. M.A., Ed.D.
Razzano, Louis, Professor and Assistant Vice President for Academic
Affairs
California University, B.S.; University of Pittsburgh. M.Ed.. M.L.S.
Rice, Charles D., Professor. Curriculum and Instruction
Clarion University, B.S.; Indiana University of Pennsylvania, M.Ed.;
University of Pittsburgh. Ph.D.
Richey-Walton, Kathleen, Instructor. Physical Education
Ashland College, B.S.
Riggs, Joseph H., Professor. Communication
Alderson-Broaddus College, B.A.; West Virginia University. M.A.;
University of Illinois, Ph.D.

200 — Faculty and Administration

Rizza, Carolyn C., Associate Professor, Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work
Duke University, B.A.; University of North Carolina. M.S.W.; Duke
University. M.A.. Ph.D.
Rizza, Paul F., Professor. Geography and Environmental Studies
Central Connecticut State College. B.S.. M.S.; University of Georgia. Ph.D.
Roberts, James N., Professor. Administration/Supervision/Field Services
Central Michigan University, B.S.; Wayne State University, M.Ed., Ed.D.
Rooney, David J., Men's Head Basketball Coach
West Chester University. B.S., M.S.
Rose, F. Duane, Assistant Professor. History
Northern Illinois State Teachers College. B.S.Ed.; University of Illinois.
M.A.
Rose, Wallace A., Associate Professor. Physical Education
Springfield College. B.S.; University of Tennessee, M.A.
Ross, Michael D., Professor. Computer Science
Western Washington State College. B.A.; University of Illinois. M.S..
Ph.D.
Rotge, Larry R., Assistant Professor, History
Ball State University, B.S.. M.A., Ph.D.
Rusnak, Alan W., Associate Professor and Director of the Counseling Center
University of Miami. B.A.: University of Florida, Ph.D.
Russell, Bruce W., Assistant Professor, Communication
Slippery Rock University. B.S.Ed.; Clarion University. M.S.
Russell, C. Joseph, Associate Professor, Physical Education
East Stroudsburg University. B.S.. M.S.; University of Oregon. Ph.D.
Sack, Lucy A., Assistant Professor. Physical Eucation
Slippery Rock University. B.S.. M.Ed.
Sagan, Cyril E., Associate Professor. Chemistry
University of Pittsburgh, B.A., M.Ed.; Wayne State University, M.S.;
Cornell University, Ph.D.
Sample, John A., Associate Professor. Psychology
University of Pittsburgh. B.S., M.S.. Ph.D.
Sayre, Robert L., Associate Professor, Psychology
West Virginia University, A.B.; Marshall University. M.A.
Sayre, W. G., Professor, Chemistry
Case Institute of Technology. B.Sc.; University of Michigan, M.Sc.. Ph.D.
Scarnati, Blase S., Associate Professor, Music
Indiana University of Pennsylvania. B.S.Mus.Ed.; Duquesne University.
M.Mus.Ed.

Faculty and Administration — 201

Schmittlein, Albert E., Professor. English
University of Pittsburgh, A.B.; Columbia University. M.A.; University of
Pittsburgh. Ph.D.
Scott, M. Jane, Assistant Professor. Library
Miami (Ohio) University, B.S.; Columbia University, M.S.
Selman, H. Marc, Professor, Political Science
West Virginia University, A.B., M.A.. Ph.D.
Semelbauer, Jack L., Associate Professor, Art
West Michigan University, B.S.; Michigan State University, M.A.: Kent
State University. M.F.A.
Settlemire, Clara C., Professor. History
Cedar Crest College, B.A.; Lancaster Theological Seminary. B.D.: Drew
University, Ph.D.
Sharma, Mohan Lai, Professor, English
Punjab University (India), B.A.. M.A.; Ohio State University. Ph.D.
Shaw, David O., Professor. Psychology
Arkansas Polytechnic College. B.A.; University of Houston. Ph.D.
Shellgren, Murray A., Professor. Biology
University of Pittsburgh. B.S., M.S.
Shiner, J. William, Professor. Parks and Recreation/Environmental
Education
Virginia Polytechnic Institution. B.S.; University of Florida. M.S.F.;
University of New York College of Forestry at Syracuse. Ph.D.
Shingler, Pamela J.W., Instructor. Communication
University of Georgia, A.B.J.
Shiring, Mark A., Assistant Professor. Curriculum and Instruction
Clarion University. B.S.; Pennsylvania State University, M.Ed.
Shrader, Emily P., Assistant Professor. Administration/Supervision/Field
Services
University of Pittsburgh. B.A.; Duquesne University, M.Ed.
Shrader, Robert D., Associate Professor. Physical Education
Peru State College. B.A.; Northern Colorado University. M.A.
Shultz, Charles H., Professor. Geology
Franklin and Marshall College, B.S.; Ohio State University. Ph.D.
Shuttleworth, Sue A., Assistant Professor. Music
Morehead State University. B.M.E.; Florida State University. M.M.
Sigmund, William R., Assistant Professor. Biology
Kent State University. B.A.; Indiana University. Ph.D.

202 — Faculty and Administration

Sims, Edward R., Professor, Music
Indiana University of Pennsylvania, B.S.Mus.Ed.; Pennsylvania State
University, M.Ed.; University of Michigan. Ed.D.
Sisaye, Seleshi, Assisant Professor, Management and Marketing
Addis Ababa University, B.A.; University of Illinois, M.A.; University of
Pittsburgh, M.B.A.; State University of New York, M.L.S.; Cornell
University. Ph.D.
Sledd, Hassell B., Professor, English
University of North Carolina. A.B., M.A.; Boston University, Ph.D.
Smith, Herbert L., Professor. Chemistry
University of Pittsburgh, B.S., M.Litt., Ph.D.
Smith, William H., Associate Professor, English
University of Pittsburgh, A.B., M.A., Ph.D.
Snozek, Dorothy A., Professor and Dean of the Graduate School and
Special Academic Programs
California University, B.S.Ed.; Ohio University, M.S.Ed.; West Virginia
University, Ed.D.
Solomon, Nanette K., Associate Professor. Music
Yale College, B.A.; Yale School of Music, M.M.
Sozan, Michael, Associate Professor, Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work
Union College, B.A.; Syracuse University. M.A., Ph.D.
Spadine, Lynn M., Instructor, Physical Education
State University of New York, B.S.E.; M.S.
Stackman, R. Robert, Professor, History
Indiana University, B.S., M.A.; Michigan State University, Ph.D.
Stauffer, Donald T., Professor, Special Education
Western Michigan University, B.S., M.A.; University of Arizona, Ed.D.
Steele, Terry S., Assistant Professor. Music
Wichita State University, B.M.E.; North Texas State University. M.M.
Stepanian, Laurie A., Assistant Professor, Theatre
Pennsylvania State University, B.A.; Texas Tech University, M.A.
Stewart, Dale, Instructor, Parks and Recreation/Environmental Education
Pennsylvania State University, B.S.; Slippery Rock University, M.S.
Stewart, Roy T., Jr., Professor and Acting Dean. College of Arts and Sciences
Bradley University, B.S., M.A.; University of Illinois, Ph.D.
Storch, Champ R., Professor, Academic Support Services
Moravian College, A.B.; Pennsylvania State University. M.Ed., Ed.D.

Faculty and Administration — 203

Storey, Cheryl, Assistant Professor, Aerospace Studies
Park College. B.S.
Stowe, Michael L., Assistant Professor, Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work
Pfeiffer College, A.B.; University of Carolina, M.S.W.
Strickland, James K., Assistant Professor, English
LeMoyne College, B.A.; Kent State University, M.A.
Stromp, Lalanda M., Assistant Professor. Parks and Recreation/
Environmental Education
Kent State University. B.S.; Indiana University. M.S.
Stroumbakis, Constantine N., Professor. Curriculum and Instruction
Paedogogical Academy of Heraclion (Greece), Diploma; University of
Athens (Greece), Diploma in Elementary Education; University of
Pennsylvania, M.S.Ed., Ed.D.
Szucs, Ferenc K., Professor, Geology
University of Bologna (Italy), M.S., Sc.D.
Tanaka, Fujio J., Assistant Professor, Management and Marketing
Fukuoka University, B.A., M.B.A.; New School for Social Research M.A.,
Ph.D.
Tannery, Frederick J., Assistant Professor, Economics and Finance
Pennsylvania State University, B.S., University of Pittsburgh. Ph.D.
Taylor, David C., Professor. Chemistry
Bowdoin College. A.B.; Wesleyan University, M.A.; University of
Connecticut, Ph.D.
Taylor, William R., Professor, Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work
Asbury College. A.B.; Purdue University, M.S.. Ph.D.
Taylor-Mayer, Rhoda E., Professor, Biology
Asbury College. A.B.; Purdue University, M.S., Ph.D.
Thompson, F. Lois, Associate Professor, Health Science
Oregon State University, B.S.; University of Pittsburgh, M.P.H.
Thompson, Martin L., Associate Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Clarion University, B.S.: Pennsylvania State University. M.Ed.; University
of Pittsburgh. M.L.S.
Tichy, Charles, Associate Professor, Modern Languages and Cultures
Arizona State University. B.A., M.A.; Ohio State University, M.A.
Tompkins, Donald S., Associate Professor, Management and Marketing
Brooklyn College, B.A.; Ohio State University, M.A.. Ph.D.
Treccase, Frank,Associate Professor, Modern Languages and Cultures
Youngstown State University, A.B.; University of Pittsburgh. M.A.. Ph.D.

204 — Faculty and Administration

Tvrdik, Genevieve M., Associate Professor, Biology
Grinnell College, B.A.; University of Minnesota (Minneapolis), M.A.;
University of California (Berkeley), Ph.D.
Unterwagner, James, Professor, Sociology/Anthropology/Social Work
Marshall University, B.S., M.A.; University of Pittsburgh, Ph.D.
Upton, Lawrence A., Professor, Counseling and Educational Psychology
Syracuse University, A.B.. M.S.; University of New York at Buffalo,
Ed.D., Ph.D.
Valencia, Jesus M., Assistant Professor, Economics and Finance
University of Pittsburgh, B. A., M.A.
Vaughan, Wayland E., Assistant Professor. Management and Marketing
Brown University, B.A.. Rutgers University, M.B.A.
Voltz, Hubert C., Associate Professor. Mathematics
Slippery Rock University, B.S.; Bowling Green State University, M.A.
Voss, Donald, Professor, Psychology
Calvin College, A.B.; Evangelical Seminary. M.Div.; Northern Illinois
University, M.S.; Michigan State University. Ph.D.; Akron University
School of Law. J.D.
Wakefield, Gary C., Instructor, Parks and Recreation/Environmental
Education
Pennsylvania State University, B.S., M.S.
Walker, B. Wayne, Professor and Dean, College of Professional Studies
Texas Christian University, B.S.; North Texas State University, M.Ed.,
Ed.D.
Wallace, Raymond V., Associate Professor, Theatre
Kansas State College, B.S.E., B.A., M.S.; Kent State University, Ph.D.
Walsh, Edward J., Professor, English
Clarion University, B.S.; University of Pittsburgh, M.Litt.
Walsh, Frances H., Assistant Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Clarion University, B.S.; University of Pittsburgh, M.L.S.
Walters, Timothy L., Professor, Communication
Ohio University, A.B.; Bail State University, M.A.; University of Illinois
Ph.D.
Walwik, Theodore J., Professor, Communication
Butler University, B.A.; Ohio University, M.A.. Ph.D.
Ward, Albert N„ Jr., Professor, Geology
Tulsa University. B.S.. M.S.; Colorado University, Ph.D.
Watson, Donald W., Associate Professor, Geology
Tufts University. B.S.; Washington State University, M.S.; University of
Michigan. Ph.D.

Faculty and Administration — 205

Watson, Robert J., Associate Professor and Associate Dean of Graduate and
Special Academic Programs
Slippery Rock University. B.S.; The Johns Hopkins University. M.Ed.:
University of Pittsburgh. Ph.D.
Whaley, Russell F., Professor. Health Science
State University of New York at Cortland. B.S.; University of Michigan,
M.P.H.; University of Wisconsin, Ph.D.
Wilhelm, Ruth I., Associate Professor, Curriculum and Instruction
Misericordia College, A.B.: Duquesne University, M.Ed.; Syracuse
University, M.S.L.S.
Williams, Barbara M., Assistant Professor. English
Akron University, B.A.; Kent State University, M.A., Ph.D.
Williams, Carolyn, Assistant Professor, Physical Education
Bouve-Boston Tufts College, B.S.; University of Texas, M.Ed.
Williams, William F., Instructor, English
Youngstown State University, B.A., M.A.
Wood, Richard J., Associate Professor, Library
University of Pittsburgh. B.S., M.L.S., Ph.D.
Wukich, Richard M., Professor, Art
Edinboro University. B.S.; New York State College of Ceramics, M.F.A.
WykofT, Donald H., Professor, Counseling and Educational Psychology
Indiana University of Pennsylvania. B.S.: West Virginia University M A
Ed.D.
Zebroski, James T., Assistant Professor, English
Ohio State University. B.S.. M.A., Ph.D.
Zimmerman, Patricia A., Professor, Physical Education
East Stroudsburg University, B.S.; University of Illinois, M.S.; University
of Iowa, Ph.D.
Zinni, Hannah C., Professor. Modern Languages and Cultures
Oberlin College. B.A.: Northwestern University, M.A., Ph.D.
Zuzak, Charles A., Professor and Acting Vice President of Academic Affairs
University of Notre Dame, B.A., M.A.; University of Maryland. Ph.D.

206 — Faculty and Administration

Adjunct Faculty
MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
Abernathy, Ernest A., M.D., Pathologist and Medical Director
School of Medical Technology, Washington Hospital, Washington, PA
Asbury, Cheryl D., MS(CLS), Program Director
School of Medical Technology, Washington Hospital, Washington, PA
Butcher, Suzanne R., M.D., Pathologist and Medical Director
School of Medical Technology, Trumbull Memorial Hospital, Warren, OH
Craig, Virginia D., MT(ASCP), Program Director
School of Medical Technology, Western Pennsylvania Hospital,
Pittsburgh, PA
Fogleman, Janice M., MT(ASCP), Program Director
School of Medical Technology, Harrisburg Hospital, Harrisburg, PA
Jurgens, Kenneth H., M.D., Pathologist and Medical Director
School of Medical Technology, St. Vincent Health Center, Erie, PA
Kwee, Him G., M.D., Pathologist and Medical Director
School of Medical Technology, Harrisburg Hospital, Harrisburg, PA
Lamas, Carlos, M.D., Pathologist and Medical Director
School of Medical Technology, Western Pennsylvania Hospital,
Pittsburgh, PA
Lawton, Sue W., MT(ASCP), Program Director
School of Medical Technology, St. Vincent Health Center, Erie, PA
Noel, Joseph R., MT(ASCP), Program Director
School of Medical Technology, Altoona Hospital, Altoona, PA
Obermiyer, James K-, MT(ASCP), Program Director
School of Medical Technology, Trumbull Memorial Hospital, Warren, OH
Sneff, Eugene M., M.D., Pathologist and Medical Director
School of Medical Technology, Altoona Hospital, Altoona, PA
Stavrides, Alexander P., M.D., Medical Director
Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
CYTOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
Franko, Kathryn N., CT(ASCP), Program Director
School of Cytotechnology, St. Elizabeth Hospital Medical Center,
Youngstown, OH
Taylor, Bernard, M.D., Medical Director
School of Cytotechnology, St. Elizabeth Hospital Medical Center,
Youngstown, OH

Faculty and Administration — 207

Student Affairs Staff
Matthews, Alfred T., Vice President for Student Affairs
Northern Colorado University, B.A., M.A.; Indiana University, Ph.D.
Carte, Kathleen E., Coordinator of Resident Education/Student Activities
Advisor
State University College at Potsdam, B.A.. Bowling Green State
University, M.A.
Collins, Don L., Coordinator of Resident Education/Student Activities
Advisor
James Madison University, B.S., M.Ed.
Ekas, Dale L., Financial Aid Director
Indiana University of Pennsylvania, B.S.. M.S.
Gagliardo, E.S., Director of Residence Life
Slippery Rock University. B.S.Ed.; Westminster College, M.Ed.;
University of Pittsburgh, Ph.D.
Hulbert, Rebecca, Greek Affairs Advisor
Keuka College. B.S.; University of Massachusetts, M.Ed.
James, Philip A., Coordinator of Resident Education/Director of Orientation
University of Central Florida. B.A.; Florida State University, M.S.
Johnston, Judith M.,Coordinator of Resident Education/Student Activities
Advisor
Edinboro University, B.A., M.A.
Latronica, Carol A., Coordinator of Resident Education/Student Activities
Advisor
University of Notre Dame, B.A.; Niagara University, M.S. and M.S.Ed.
Lennox, Sally J., Director of Alumni Affairs
Slippery Rock University, B.S.Ed.
Schmieler, Claire,Nurse Administrator
St. Francis School of Nursing in Pittsburgh, R.N.
Smith, Deborah A., Assistant Director of University Union/Student
Activities
Boston University. B.S.; Indiana University, M.S.
Viau, Paul H., Coordinator of Resident Education/Student Activities
Advisor
University of Rhode Island,B.A.; Alfred University. M.S.
Yantis, Joanne G., Director of College Union/Student Activities
Robert Morris College, Illinois, Associate; Southern Illinois University,
B.A., M.A.
Yartz, Lillian, Housemother

208 — Faculty and Administration

Professors Emeriti
Dr. Miriam Barker
Mr. Dwight Baker
Mrs. Jean Baker
Mr. Milton E. Carless
Dr. Charles Cunkle
Dr. Robert Duncan
Mr. Joseph Frazier
Dr. Narciso L. Gamberoni
Mrs. Martha Gault
Dr. Harvey Goehring
Dr. R. Nelson Hale
Dr. Charles Halt
Miss Lois Harne
Mr. Kenneth Harris
Mr. Harold Helmrich
Ms. Veroncia Kollar
Mrs. Alma Ladd
Dr. Wesley Laing
Mr. Carl Laughner
Dr. Ruth Lister
Dr. J. William McKay
Dr. Rosa M. Pallas
Mrs. Mary Alice Potter
Mr. James Renn
Ms. Shu-Shen Sah
Mr. Charles Shaw
Mrs. Fanetta Shaw
Dr. Mary Shinaberry
Miss Charlotte Siegrist
Mr. Robert Smiley
Mr. Clair Swope
Dr. Ralph A. Waldron
Dr. Marie Wheaton
Dr. Harold Wieand
Dr. Edgar Wells
Mr. Asa Wiley
Dr. William H. R. Willkens

•

Elementary Education
Music
Music
Communication
Mathematics
History
History
Secondary Education
Art
Secondary Education
Student Teaching
Social Studies
Dean of Women
English
Library
Student Teaching
Modern Languages
HistorySpeech and Theatre
Secondary Education
Secondary Education
Spanish
Library
'. Student Teaching
Mathematics
History
Elementary Education
Elementary Education
Library
Placement
Music
Science
Physical Education
Economics
Philosophy
Secondary Education
Student Teaching

Faculty and Administration — 209

£ 2 o
•3" "5* 3
"O »o o

n rt «
"I

*»

o
2,

» 70 >
© o a
on 3
r ** s.
"73 G S
> 5. o"
< 3
n- rt
<*>

8|
C/i

z
0
3
52
T
u
•5' UJ
c
•o
0
5"
5. U
r*
•<
!•' > •o o
o
X Z
(a
(0
0 A 5
o y
6J fi>
F N) (0s 3
N'
*
0)
5
>
I*
o'
3

|