VOL. XXL

No. 1

OCTOBER, 1916
TABLE

OF

Alma Mater -C___________________ 1
Principal’s Letter to the Alumni— 2
Transfer of the School to the State 3
Meetings of the County Alumni
: ', ; Associations ---------------------- ' 4
Class Reunions Next Commencem’t_ 4
School N e w s ________--------------- jig? 5
Normal Literary-. Society - — jk r i-lil
■'■Philo. S u ciety \ ^ ^ W -sf---.--,-^ i.—14
:■Y : W. C. A.
Y. M. C,. A. (no report' presented)-1:15
Thé Press Club - - ——__ _.15

CONTENTS
Class o f 1886 Reunion
—-V'gti— 16
Piano Department j -------- ¿--—s----- 18
Commercial Department _______ 18
Alumni Personals___ '_______
19
The Class of 1916____ -J-— -------- 24
Cupid’s Colhmn------- ------ ----------—26
Stork C olum n____„___________ - _27
Obituary | i____ _______ •___ ______ 28
Dr. Lehman Takes Stand on Mil.
__ —
29
itary Training
Mind in Anim als______________ - —30
Notes on the Reading o f Poetry,v_33
.Thumb Nail Sketches by Students_40

Cumberland V alley State Normal School
Shippensburg, Pennsylvania

First-Class Students
Conduct Their Corre­
spondence on
.m

Porto Rico
Stationery

R. A M . S P E C IA L L IN E S

RO BERTS & M ECK, Harrisburg, Pa.

Photographs at Laughlin’s Studio
Alway* Give Entire Satisfaction

.F ltflS fllllG FOR ÄMÄTEURS
2 4 EAST KING STREET

FRAMING AND POST CARDS

J.

J.

S T R O H
Candies, Fruits^ Cakes; also

m

N o t i o n s and D ry Goods
STUDENTS

SERVED

WITH

BEST

W E R E N T H IG H G R A D E

CAPS AND GOW NS
A T C A P T IV A T IN G P R IC E S

CO TTRELL & LEONARD
W R IT E .FOR T E R M S

A LB A N Y , N. Y.

— —— — Don’t Forget---------------

RALLY DAY, JUNE 27th

The Normal School Herald
PUBLISHED OCTOBER, JAN U ARY, APRIL A N D JULY
SHIPPENSBURG, PA.

C. E. PANNING......... ........ I S f c
:....... Editor
CORA P. MACY......................... Assistant Editor
A D A V . HORTON, ’88..............Personal Editor
J. S. HEIGES, ’9 Ì . . . ............ Business Manager
Subscription price. 25 cents per year strictly in advance.

Single copies, 10 cents each.

Address all communications to THE NORMAL SCHOOL HERALD, Shippensburg, Pa.
Alumni and former members o f the school will favor us by sending any items that they
think would be interesting for publication.
Entered as Second Class Matter at the Post Office, Shippensburg, Pa.

VOL. X X I.

OCTOBER,

1916

No. 1.

ALMA MATER
In the dear old Cumberland Valley
’Neath the glowing sky,
Proudly stands our Alma Mater,
On the hill top high.
Chorus:—
Swell the chorus ever louder!
We’ll be true to you.
Hail to thee, our Alma Mater,
Dear old “ red and blue” .
Near the waving golden com fields,
Just beyond the town,
Tower the ivy colored buildings
As the sun goes down.
When we leave our Alma Mater
We will praise her name,
Ever live to raise the standard
O f her glorious name.

I f a man read little, he had need have much cunning to seem
to seem to know that which he doth not.
Bacon.

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PRINCIPAL’S LETTER TO THE ALUMNI
Fellow Members o f the Alumni :
I am very mucb gratified to be able to report the continued
growth o f Normal. Last fall we opened with the largest fall term
registration in the history o f the school, but this year we opened with
forty-five students more than we had last fall. This number has been
further increased, until now, our registration is between fifty-five
and sixty in advance o f that o f last ■year. This increase is very
satisfactory to the school authorities, as it indicates that we are
meeting the needs o f the educational public. It also indicates that
the Alumni have been active in their support o f their Alma Mater.
Perhaps one o f the most pleasing features connected with our
growth is the fact that we have students from practically every part
o f the state. More counties are represented than ever before. The
school is no longer local in its patronage and influence.
We shall continue to emphasize preparation for social service,
as we believe that feature o f school work is just as important as a
knowledge o f books and methods o f teaching. Our faculty is co ­
operating in every way with superintendents, principals, boards o f di­
rectors and the public in general to make the influence o f the school
felt throughout our entire district. Our plans fo r the year aim at
still further growth along these lines.
During the vacation period we have been very busy improving
material conditions in the school. The chapel has been redecorated
and fitted with electric lights. This improvement adds much to the
beauty o f the chapel as well as to its servieeableness. The old model
school room has a new floor and has been furnished with a metal
ceiling. A partition has been run through the ro'om, thus giving us
two large and well equipped rooms. One o f these will be used for
the commefeial department and has been supplied with modem com­
mercial desks ; the other side o f the room will be used by the classes
in cooking. Large windows have been cut in the side wall, thus
making a light, airy room. A dining room has been provided for the
use o f the students in cooking. The rooms formerly used fo r the
cooking classes have been enlarged and furnished with electric
lights. The quarters thus secured will be used by the sewing classes.
The new model school has also been equipped with electric light
fixtures. A new stairway has been constructed on the boys’ side o f
the administration building. I ought also to add that the ornamental h
gateway to the “Eckels Memorial Field” will probably be finished 11
before this journal reaches its readers.
During the past year we assisted more than one hundred o f our
Alumni to good positions. The demand fo r trained teachers was

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never so great as it is now. I f any member o f the Alumni has failed
to secure a position we are unaware o f the fact, fo r we have tried in
every way to find graduates who are willing to take the positions fo r
which we were asked to provide teachers. It is gratifying to note
that boards o f directors have come to recognize that efficient teach- ^
ers cannot be secured for forty or even fifty dollars a month, and are
beginning to raise salaries.
I hope to meet very many o f you during the year at teachers’
institutes and other educational gatherings. Don’t forget to call at
the old school whenever you are in the Valley. I appreciate more
than I can tell the splendid service that you are doing fo r your Alma
Mater, not only in increasing its attendance but in enlarging its
sphere o f influence. I shall be glad to cooperate with you in every
way possible to help you in your work.
With best wishes for a successful year, I am,
Fraternally yours,
EZRA LEHMAN, ’ 89.

TRANSFER OF THE SCHOOL TO THE STATE
It is probable that the Cumberland Valley State Normal School
will he transferred to the state during the next month. This trans­
fer will involve no change whatever in the present management or
policy o f the school. The transfer is made solely in the interest o f
the school, as it has been found that there is a growing tendency
on the part o f the legislative and executive departments o f the
state government to require that institutions receiving state appro­
priations should be under state control.
Under the system that has prevailed among the normal schools,
the stockholders elected half the trustees and the superintendent
o f public instruction appointed the other half. Under state con­
trol the State Board o f Education will appoint nine trustees to
represent its interests.
By the close o f the year ten o f the thirteen normal schools
will be entirely state owned. It is but fair to say that the Cumber­
land Valley State Normal School becomes the property o f the state
under the most favorable conditions possible. Its attendance is
the largest in its history and its financial condition is the very best
possible.
The retiring board o f trustees have been most faithful in their
work and have striven earnestly to advance the interests o f the
school in every way possible. The new board o f trustees to be ap­
pointed by the state will undoubtedly be men o f the highest type
who will continue the excellent work done by the present board.

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MEETINGS OF THE COUNTY ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONS
The attention o f the officers o f the County Alumni Associations
is called to the fact that the fall meetings o f these organizations
should be o f more than usual interest. In pursuance o f the action o f
the general Alumni body, an executive committee will be organized,
•made up o f representatives selected by the various county and city
organizations. Every organization will he called upon to elect a rep­
resentative to this committee. It is to be hoped that the persons
chosen will he ones deeply interested in everything that pertains to
the Normal school, as the executive committee will have important
work to do.
The President o f each Alumni organization should see to it that
a meeting is called during institute week, or at some other time most
convenient to all concerned. Last year all o f the meetings were well
attended, and were most interesting to all the participants. The sec­
retary o f the various organizations should see to it that notice is sent
to every Alumnus and former student residing in the county or city
in which the meeting is held. Many o f our graduates are no longer
engaged in teaching but they are just as much interested in the
work o f the normal as they were when they were teachers. Don’t
fail to notify all such persons o f the meeting. The school will be
very glad to furnish a list o f these Alumni with their addresses to
the secretaries.

smsss

CLASS REUNIONS NEXT COMMENCEMENT
It may seem a fa r cry to the Commencement next June, hut the
time is none too long fo r the classes that will celebrate their ten
year reunions. Last Commencement every one o f the ten year
classes had fine representation here, and we hope that 1917 may
show, a still larger attendance o f Alumni at these reunions. The
forty year class ( ’76), had ten members present. What will the
class o f ’77 be able to do? With such active Alumni as Misses
Grayson, Quigley, Rebuck, White and Mrs. McClelland together
with Messrs. Bear and Treher— all living in Shippensburg— there
should be a fine reunion o f the 40 year class.
The class o f ’ 86 was here in large numbers last year. What will
the class o f ’ 87 do fo r its thirtieth year reunion? It is time to plan.
The classes o f ’ 95 and ’ 96 displayed considerable good natured
rivalry over their 20th' year reunions. As both classes mustered
about 60 Alumni at their banquets, honors were about even. What
•will the big class o f ’ 77 be able to show? The class o f ’ 97 contains

th e

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sch o o l

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&

as many live wires as any class in the Alumni Association. There
is a chance fo r this class to beat all records in the matter o f 20
year reunions. Will it be able to rise to the occasion? I f it wishes
to equal or surpass the records o f the classes o f ’95 and ’96 it is
time to hustle.
Of course we expect the class o f ’ 07 to be back m large num­
bers ’ 06 set the pace. Will 1907 equal or surpass its rival?
Don’t forget the day, TUESDAY, JUNE 27. Every member o f
the Alumni Association should plan to be present at the Alumni
Reunion. The Herald will be glad to assist in every way to make
the class reunions and the Alumni meeting o f 1917 the most sue
eessful in the history o f the school.

mms
SCHOOL NEWS
Normal school opened Monday, September 18, with a largely
increased enrollment. A few students who are not yet sixteen years
o f age were not able to enter until two weeks later. However,
comparatively few o f the students were affected by this ruling o f
Dr. Dixon.
The prospects fo r a successful year are very bright. More
than two hundred boarding students are registered fo r the term,
and the attendance o f day students likewise surpasses all previous
fall term registrations.
The changed appearance o f the Normal chapel immediately
attracted the attention o f returning students. The decorative
scheme is very artistic, and its subdued tints are very restful to the
eye. The new electric system o f lighting by indirect illumination is
far superior to the former gas chandelier.
Everything about the opening o f school was pleasant except
the weather. But as the rain was badly needed, no one objected to*
the downpour during the day. Students accompanied by their par­
ents came by auto during the forenoon, but the noon trams brought
the real crowds. The evening trains continued to swell the num­
ber By nightfall more than three-fourths o f the rooms were full.
The corridors were full o f the sounds o f greeting,— on the boys
side the derisive epithets o f friendship, on the girls’, the rubbery
squeak of osculation.
The work o f the school began on Tuesday, when the principal
welcomed the students,.new and old, to the first chapel service.

6

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The faculty and ■students were glad to welcome Miss Jones o f
the music department back to normal. Miss Jones’ work has borne
splendid results and her many friends rejoice to know that her
health is almost completely restored.
The only changes in the faculty since last year are in the loss
o f P rof. Campbell, o f the commercial department, and in the acqui­
sition o f Miss Snively.
On October 2 Miss Mary L. Snively, o f Greeneastle, joined the
teachers’ staff as an additional critic teacher in the Model school.
Miss Snively is a graduate o f the Normal, class o f ’ 09, and has re­
cently pursued a course in supervisory work at Teachers’ College,
Columbia University, N. Y. Miss Snively has a fine record as a
teacher and her addition to the faculty is a distinct gain.
Sept. 22-23. The school week was closed with a number o f
social events, whose purpose was to make the new students forget
any possible home-sickness/ and to acquaint the students with each
other. On Friday night the Y. W. C. A. gave a very enjoyable
"Little Girls’ Party” in the girls’ dormitory to the new girls. All
the participants dressed as little girls. Games were played appro­
priate to the supposed age o f the girls, and refreshments were
served. At the same time the Y. M. C. A. gave a reception to the
new boarding boys in the gymnasium. Short addresses were made
by the members o f the faculty present, and refreshments were serv­
ed— stag refreshments; a dog, a bun, a cream, and a coffee. After
this came the real business o f the evening, when the boys got in
touch— literally— 'with the other students. After an amusing, but
not dangerous, “ initiation” , the new boys were declared good fel­
lows, and worthy to be members o f the school.
On Saturday evening, the first regular school reception and
dance was held. As usual, games were provided in the parlors fo r
those who did not care to dance.
Sept. 25. The second week o f Normal opened with a new ac­
cession o f students, both boarding and day. Students who had been
kept out o f school by the sixteen year age limit might not, however,
report fo r work until the end o f the week.
Sept. 29. Dr. Lehman and Miss Harris addressed the W ay­
nesboro teachers’ institute.
Mrs. Eckels, o f Camden, N. J., wife o f the late Dr. G. M. D.
Eckels, was a welcome visitor to Normal.

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The reception tendered the new students by the Y. M. and Y.
W. C. A. was one o f the pleasantest events o f the opening weeks o f
the term. The students and the faculty were received by the cabi­
nets o f the two associations. All then adjourned to the large chapel
where the exercises were held. These consisted o f a series o f
sketches representing the work o f the Y. W. C. A. They were well
given and the humorous side o f association work was thoroughly
enjoyed. One o f the hits o f the evening was the song “ She Was
a Maid o f Japan” given by eight o f the girls in Japanese costume.
Following the literary and musical part o f the program came the
refreshments, and everybody did ample justice to the hospitality o f
the two associations. The halls were tastefully decorated with
school pennants, banners, etc. The faculty comimttee in charge o f
the affair were Mrs. Stewart, Prof. Heiges, Miss Stroh> Miss
Snively and Prof. Low.
October 2. Miss Snively began her work as assistant, critic
teacher in the Model school. She will be a distinct addition to the
faculty as she has had splendid preparation for her work and is
an experienced teacher.
The Model school opened with a very large attendance. It was
impossible to admit all who applied fo r admission. This was espec­
ially true o f the lower grades. The work was well organized and
started without any loss o f time.
October 5. Miss Stroh o f the department o f reading and pub­
lic speaking, returned to her home in Sunbury to attend the wedding
o f her brother.
October 7. The football game with Conway Hall was won by
the Carlisle school by a score o f 46-0. The game was not as one­
sided as the score might indicate. Considering the fact that Nor­
mal team was greatly outweighed by their opponents and that the
majority o f the normal players had never participated in a game o f
football before, the work o f the team was very creditable. Prof.
Harbison believes that the team will steadily improve.
Dr. Lehman accompanied by Mrs. Lehman and the children
motored to Harrisburg on a business trip.
The literary societies have kept pace with the growth o f the
school. Last year the Philo society outgrew its quarters and was
given the large chapel fo r a meeting place. This year the Normal
society is too large fo r its room and has been given the chapel o f
the Model school room for a; meeting place.

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Students continue to register.
advance o f last year at this time.

HERALD

The attendance is exactly 52 in

October 14.— The Normal school football team was badly
crippled through the absence o f three o f its best players, but it put
up a remarkably good game against the Gettysburg College Re­
serves. The college men outweighed the Normal boys from 15 to
20 pounds to the man, but the Normal boys fought gamely to the
end. Though Gettysburg won 25-0,’ the game was a creditable one
fo r Normal.
October 15.— The Y. W. C. A. held initiation services. Nearly
fifty young, women joined the association. This meeting was held in
the chapel o f the Model school building, where the serviecs will
regularly be held.
Mrs. Wylie Stewart has reorganized the Eight Weeks’ Club, an
organization o f girls devoted to social service. The Life o f Christ
will be Studied by this organization during the year.
October 17.— The Rev. Frank S. Fry, o f the Grace Reformed
church, gave the students an opportunity to see the slides represent­
ing all kinds o f vegetable and animal life appropriate to a Harvest
Home Thanksgiving. The exhibition was much enjoyed and ap­
preciated by the student body.
Work began on the new sewer line which will run almost the
whole length o f the campus.
October 18.— Reverend Dr. Strock, a member o f the East Penn­
sylvania Synod, who has been in charge o f a large school fo r boys
in India, addressed the students in the evening. He gave an inter­
esting and helpful account o f the work o f the missionary schools
in India.
October 19.— At 3:15 the first o f the recitals by Miss Stroh’s
senior Class in public speaking was given in the school chapel. It
consisted o f recitations by Misses Bream and Cooke, an essay deal­
ing with the work o f the Minnesengers by Miss Stevens, and a de­
bate on the question o f giving the Japanese rights with other fo r­
eign born citizens. The question was discussed affirmatively by
Messrs. Carbaugh and Welsh, and negatively by Messrs. Cocklin
and Lefevre. Mr. Hare delivered an oration and Misses Spangler
and Hamil and Messrs. Gardner and Wink presented an Indian play.
All the performers showed that they had been well and carefully
trained by Miss Stroh.

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October 21.— The teachers and directors o f Letterkenny, Lurgan and Southampton townships held a local institute at Normal,
where they were the guests o f the school at luncheon. It is to be
regretted that the attendance was not better, only a little over fifty
per cent, o f those invited being present. The following program was
rendered:
FORENOON SESSION, 9:45
Devotional Exercises.
Music.
Address— Home Mistakes in the Teaching o f Arithmetic,
Prof. Heiges.
Music.
The Essentials o f Good Reading----------------------- Miss Stroh
Music.
A d d r e s s __________ - ........................................—

Supt. Smith

AFTERNOON SESSION, 1:30
Music.
Composition _______________________________ Prof. Fanning
The Need o f a Practical Knowledge o f Agriculture in the
S c h o o ls _____ ____________ ______ _______ ___________Graham
Music.
What the Public Has a Right to Demand o f the School
Teacher
------------------ ------------------------------------- — - P rof. Stewart
Music.
Address — - ______________I ....................Supt. Finafroek
Prof, and Mrs. Heiges, accompanied by Ralph and Jesse, Jr.,
motored to Carlisle to see the Diekinson-Ursinus football game.
They then went to Dillsburg where they visited Prof. Heiges’ mother.
Reverend and Mrs. Frantz, o f Catasauqua, accompanied by
two friends, paid a visit to Normal. Mr. Frantz’ daughter is a
member o f the Junior class. The visitors were much pleased with
the Normal and expressed themselves as greatly gratified by all that
they saw and heard.
The Normal football team was defeated by Mercersburg Re­
serves. The team played well and showed promise o f becoming a
well organized football machine when sufficient time has elapsed to
make them into a team.

10

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October 2 7 — In the afternoon the Autumn Arbor Day was cele­
brated. Afternoon classes were shortened to a half-hour each, and
at 2:30 exercises began in the school chapel, which was tastefully
decorated with leaves and branches.
Mr. Gilbert presided and
gave the opening address. A recitation was given by Miss Gault,
and Mr. Howe spoke on the educational value o f arbor day. A
number o f musical numbers were rendered after which the classes
marched in order to the campus, bearing their class banners, where
each class presented the institution with a tree to stand as a last­
ing memorial to the love and respect they bear to their school. Dr.
Lehman received the gifts in the name o f the school.
October 27. Dr. Lehman addressed the Harrisburg institute
on “ Helping Pupils to Study.”
October 28.— In the forenoon Dr. Lehman addressed the Har­
risburg institute on “ How to Measure Success in Teaching.”
In the afternoon, the Normal football team was defeated by
the Carlisle Indian second team by the score o f 34-0. Despite their
defeat, the boys put up a good game o f football fo r a team so in­
experienced.
In the evening was held the annual Hallowe’en social. It began
with a procession formed outside the school parlors, which marched
through the corridors to the gymnasium. It was a motley pro­
cession. Biblical patriarchs marched side by side with fiery devils
from the pit; negroes jostled East Side New York Hebrews; hoboes
touched arms with swarthy, white-robed Arabs; courtiers, farmers,
warriors, mesdames, milkmaids, clowns, mingled in fantastically
bright colors, red, green, purple, white, orange and blue. Prom
the group came the babble and squeak o f disguised voices and
carefree laughter, revelling in the impenetrability o f disguise.
It is recorded that a freshman was quite taken with the charms
o f one o f the elder members o f the faculty until the unmasking.
A prize had been offered fo r the best costume, but after a grand
march about the gymnasium floor, the judges found it necessary
to ask that two prizes be awarded, one to Miriam Homing, o f
Harrisburg, fo r the best costume (Lord Fauntleroy) and another to
Meryle Frankhouse, o f Walnut, Pa., fo r the most original costume
and the best acting. The gymnasium was decorated as usual with

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com , pumpkins, bitter-sweet, bats and skulls. Just above the
heads o f the dancers grinned suspended jack-o’ -lanterns. Toward
the close o f the dance, the harvest moon appeared at one end o f
the hall, and the remaining dances were danced by its light. The
program was varied from that o f other years by having the first
dance given in mask. Then followed the stunts, portraying the
ghosts o f famous men. Diogenes with his tub and lantern search­
ing in vain for an honest man, Socrates and Xantippe in a domestic
broil, represented antiquity. From modem times came the Katzenjammer twins and Hairbreadth Harry. An attractive Punch and
Judy show presented by puppets very cleverly designed by Misses
Irene and Alice Huber convulsed the spectators with laughter. The
Butterfly and Scarecrow dance was an entirely new feature and was
decidedly attractive. Interspersed with the stunts and dances were
a number o f very pretty lighting effects, obtained by wiring the
gymnasium especially fo r the occasion.
After the stunts, refreshments consisting o f cider; doughnuts,
sandwiches, ice cream, apples and peanuts were served. For those
who. did not care to dance, a number o f different entertainments
were provided. About the running track were a number o f ex­
hibits such as may be seen at a country fair, and the three rooms
on that floor were given up to the “ Passage o f Peril” , tastefully
decorated at the entrance with a few hundred human bones. On
the main floor was the “ California Earthquake,” constructed by the
boys o f the manual training department, and a fish pond whose
“ fish” might be taken to indicate future fate. The basement was
given over to fortune telling, toasting marshmaUows, and bobbing
fo r apples. Here too was the standing broad smile contest, won by
Dr Lehman with a smile o f four and one-half inches. Novelties
were provided for the dancers in the way o f unusual lighting and
serpentine fo r throwing. The music fo r the occasion was furnished
by the new Chambersburg orchestra. A few minutes before eleven
o’clock “ Home, Sweet Home” , by the orchestra indicated that the
Hallowe’en social was at an end.
The faculty committee in charge o f the social consisted o f
Messrs. Fanning and Graham and Misses A|lice Huber, Gates and
Dykeman.
Miss Harris and Prof. Stewart delivered addresses before the
local institute held in Shippensburg.

12

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October 30.— In the evening were exhibited the moving pictures
taken by the Mawson Geographical Expedition to the South Pole.
Comedy and tragedy were intermingled with scientific instruction.
Many o f the zoological forms shown in these pictures are not to be
fcmnd in any z°ological garden in the world. The entertainment
was well attended, and the treasury o f the school orchestra, under
whose auspices the entertainment was secured, was the fuller fo r
the occasion.
October 31.— The Faculty Culb held its first meeting o f the
season. The plays o f Sheridan were considered, “ The Critic” re­
ceiving the greater share o f attention. Refreshments were served.
The study program outlined fo r the work o f the Faculty Club this
year follow s:
November 14— Bulwer Lytton;
lieu, Money.
November 28— Ibsen:
Gynt.

Lady o f Lyons; Riche­

Biographical Sketch, Brandt, Peer

December 12— Ibsen: The Feast o f Solhang, The Vikings
o f Helgoland, The Pretenders, Emperor and Galilean.
January 4— Ibsen: Love’s Comedy, A Doll’s House, Ghosts.
January 16 Ibsen: The League o f Youth, Pillars o f So­
ciety, An Enemy o f the People, The Wild Duck.
Janury 30— Ibsen: Rosmerholm, The Lady from the Sea,
Hedda Gabler, Little Eyolf.
February 13— Ibsen: The Master Builder, John Gabriel
Borkman, When We Dead Awaken.
February 27— B jom son: The Newly Married Couple, A
Gauntlet, The Bankrupt, The King.
March 13— Maeterlinck: Monna Vana,
Mary Magdalene, Sister Beatrice.

The Blue Bird,

March 26— Hauptmann: Before Sunrise, The Weavers,
The Sunken Bell, Poor Heinrik.
April 10— Pinero: The Amazons, The Thunderbolt, The
Second Mrs. Tanqueray, His House in Order, Mid- .
Channel.

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' April 24— Shaw: Arms and the Man, Candida, Man and
Superman, Fanny’s First Play.
j j ay 8— Kennedy:

The Servant in the House, The Winter

Feast, The Terrible Meek.
May 22— Galsworthy:

The Pigeon, Strife, The Eldest

Son, Justice.
Nov. 3.— Dr. Lehman went to Tyrone to meet with a committee
made up o f normal school principals and college presidents to dis­
cuss the credits to be given to normal school students who enter
college.
Nov. 4.— The Normal school football team defeated Dickinson
Reserves by the score o f 13-0. Although it was raining heavily and
both field and ball were muddy and slippery, there was very littlefumbling by either team, and successful forward passes were a fea­
ture o f the game. The Normal line played well, holding the visitors
to no-gain downs time after time.
N0v. 6.— A number o f the students who are o f age went hometo help decide the fate o f the country and incidentally, to see the
folks, at home.
The fencing in o f Eckels’ Field is now quite complete, except
for the hanging o f the iron gate at the entrance.

NORMAL LITERARY SOCIETY
The new year fo r old Normal has opened with renewed interest
and energy. Every former member who has returned to us has felt
his or her responsibility, and they are using their influence not only
fo r the enlargement o f the membership, but also for the betterment
o f the society. We can truly say that this effort has not only in­
creased our numbers steadily, and in larger proportion but has ad­
ded new zest to the society work.
We are aiming to make our meetings not only entertaining but
educational as well; both in the training along intellectual lines;,
and the practice one will receive in speaking before an audience.
Our meetings have shown that we have some excellent talent
among both men and women, and that they are willing to use that
talent whenever possible, this is especially true o f debating and

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music. The increasing numbers in our glee club is both pleasing and
gratifying. Normal orchestra made its first appearance at our last
meeting. This number made an especially attractive one fo r our
program, and we hope to make it a permanent one.
I f our attendance continues as it has begun we will have to
seek a new ball; at our last meeting the ball was filled to the utmost
seating capacity, even though we did place chairs in the room there
were quite a number standing in the door ways and back part o f
the room. However, we do not measure our skill in numbers, but
in the work that goes to make our society better, bigger, and more
helpful.
To all former members o f Normal and to all persons who ex­
pect to attend our school we extend a hearty invitation as the doors
o f Normal are always open to you.
DOROTHY E. KIRK, ’17, Secretary.

PHILO SOCIETY
The old members o f Philo are hack to their places and are
working with renewed vigor. This is shown by the number o f new
members who have joined. At the last two meetings, forty persons
joined our society, and there are more who intend to join at our
next meeting. The meetings are still held in the chapel, as the Philo
society room is too small fo r the large attendance.
The Glee Club is larger than it has ever been, and, as the soci­
ety is furnishing it with new books, it can carry on its work more
effectively. A large Girls’ chorus has been organized, and the mem­
bers are preparing pieces which will make the meetings more inter­
esting and beneficial. Every member o f Philo is up and alert, doing
something to keep or raise the standard o f P h ilo.. Every meeting
excels the last one.
MARGARETTA GAULT, '17.

sssam
Y. W. C. A.
The year promises to be a very good one fo r the association.
We are aiming to make the work just as helpful as possible, and in
order to procure the responsibility o f the association as a whole we
have appointed committees, each o f which has a special work to do
and is responsible for that work. This brings every one into per­
sonal touch with the association and with the work o f it.
On Friday evening, September 22, the association held a “ little

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girl party” for the purpose o f welcoming the new girls and getting
acquainted with them. The entertainment consisted o f children’s
games which were in charge o f the social committee.
The three delegates who were sent to the Eagles Mere Con­
vention brought us many very good suggestions and ideas fo r the
carrying on o f the work, thereby showing that they had the wel­
fare o f the association in mind,
The annual social o f the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. was held
on Saturday, September 30. The entertainment consisted o f a
dramatization o f a Y. W. C. A. office, o f the work o f the Eight Weeks
club, and a Japanese fable in pantomime, at the conclusion o f which
there was a Japanese song and dance by girls. We owe the suc­
cess o f the entertainment to the lady members o f the committee,
who so kindly assisted us.
Gur president explained in her first talk to the association the
great work which all the associations everywhere are trying to do
and we hope with the help o f One who helps all, to do what we can
in this great work.
DOROTHY E. KIRK, ’17, Secretary.

sæasæs
Y. M. C. A.
No report presented.

THE PRESS CLUB
The motto o f the Press Club i s : “ For the Good o f the School.”
The Press Club has begun its work with renewed interest and a
determination to do its best. New members are being received into
the club at each meeting. We ’have members representing nearly
every paper in the territory from which there are students enrolled
in the school, and many papers are represented in communities
from which there are no students.
The Press Club has been assured by the principal o f the school
that a large per cent o f the increased enrollment came here because
they were first interested in this school by the work o f the Press
KATHARINE M. HOOP, ’17.

msssa
Mother— Don’t you know, darling, that we are commanded to
love our neighbors?
Little One— Yes, an’ I s’pose that’s ’cause we can get along
with most everybody else.

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CLASS OF 1886 REUNION
June 27, 1916, found twenty o f the class o f 1886 wending their
way back to their Alma Mater. Thirty years before thirty-five
happy, hopeful, brave girls and boys had left those dear walls
thinking they were fully equipped to make the world better and to
get the most out o f life, physically, mentally, and morally.
Four have finished their work and gone to their reward.
Now
after a lapse o f thirty years twenty o f those— shall I say girls and
boys, fo r that is what they still are in spirit, return to live over
again, fo r a few happy hours, those joyous ‘d ays o f long ago; and
to listen to the story o f life’s mission as filled by each.
We were met on the campus by our good President, J. S. Moul,
who had labored so faithfully to bring about this happy reunion,
and the efficient committee, Sallie H. Musser, Anna J. Peebles
Florence Hale Donnelly, Martha L. Faust Barr, Carrie Lee Hale"
and Nellie Walters Rebuek.
After being tagged we visited the Art Room. The exhibits
were fine, and with pride fo r our Alma Mater we rejoiced in the
progress that had been made.
Later we wended our way to the Town Hall, to enjoy a sump­
tuous banquet, in short, just what you would expect from such a
committee. We thought it best to attend to business before par­
taking o f the viands prepared for us.
The following officers were elected by acclamation: President,
J. S. Moul; vice president, J. B. Kennedy; treasurer, H. E. Shafer*
secretary, Rose Kinter Typer.
Miss Musser read an article on Miss Anna Winger. Her death
on September 1, 1889, was the first break in our circle. She labor­
ed diligently to fulfill life’s mission fo r the few short years allotted
her.
Our beloved secretary was called to her reward April 5, 1910.
Her life was an inspiration to all who came in contact with her.
D. B. Myers passed away after one week o f illness.
George Ployer, after having spent a useful life as a teacher
and merchant, was called to his reward. He was an elder in the
Presbyterian church at Carlisle at the time o f his death.
The president named the following as a committee on resolu­
tions: Sara Musser, Nell Walters Rebuck, and Carrie Lee Hale.
Two tables groaning under the weight o f all the delicacies o f
the season and out o f season were soon surrounded by ministers,
doctors, lawyers, politicians, merchants, railroaders, teachers and
home-makers. After justice had been done to all the courses, our
toastmaster, J. P. Witherow, who had been training for his position

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lay eating toast for breakfast fo r years, revived our memories with
some happy incidents in Prof. Dutton’s room. Rev. Kerr responded
ably to a “ Retrospect o f the Past Thirty Years.” We are indebted
to him and to his sister for a look at the faculty, class, and janitor,
as they were thirty years ago. He entertained us with some o f the
notes o f long ago.
Our president responded to “ The C. y . S. N. S.” He asked us
to work hand in hand with our Alma Mater. Dr. Laughlin responded
to “ Preparedness.” Be prepared for anything. Dr. Walter respond­
ed to “ The Ladies o f the Class.” He did justice to his subject, and
spoke feelingly o f the two vacant chairs.
With beaming countenances we wended our way to the pho­
tographers, so that in future years we could see how we looked on
this important day.
Arriving at the school after the parade was over, we assem­
bled in Prof. McCreary’s room. Reverend Kerr conducted a brief
devotional service. H e read the 119th Psalm and led in prayer.
After this the Class Ode was sung, led by Jamie at the piano.
The class poem was read by the secretary. We all listened at­
tentively to the prophecies o f thirty years ago, by our good prophet,
Nell Walters Rebuck] but unlike the prophecies o f old, many o f
them were not fulfilled.
The roll was called by the president-. Letters were read from
absent members whose thoughts and hearts were with u s : Myra L.
Peters, Tressa Pressel, Jay Cox, Laura Staley, Mattie Thompson
Shelley, Clem Chestnut, D. L. Fiekes, I. 0 . Fry, William Watson,
and J. E. Witherspoon.
Short addresses were made by H. E. Shafer, Dr. Walters, J. B.
Kennedy, A- B. Myers, Reverend Kerr, and Dr. Laughlin and Nell
Walters Rebuck.
Our president favored us with a beautiful selection on the
violin, accompanied by the piano, “ Happy Day.”
Vermont Foreman Wagner gave us two very entertaining read­
ings. Our president asked us to guess something that concerned
the boarding students on moonlight evenings; then he proceeded to
play “ Where Is My Boy To-night.-”
Prof. Heiges had hoped to be with us on this happy reunion,
but he was called to a better reunion, where he awaits us all.
This reunion was enjoyed so much that we decided to repeat
it in five years. We then adjourned to the porch to talk over old
times, and after a pleasant luncheon in the dining room, we bade
-adieu to the good old times and friends until we should meet again.
ROSE KINTER TYPER, Sec.

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PIANO DEPARTMENT
The usual large number o f students have enrolled fo r the fall
term in the piano department. It is to be regretted that compara­
tively few dormitory girls have the time to devote to piano playing.
It is a matter o f comment that the majority o f those who take part
in the concerts and the society reunions are students from town.
Concerts are to be given each term this year, the first o f the series
being early in November.
To make the work o f the department more efficient, it has been
decided to grade all piano students and to give them their marks
each term. These marks will go on permanent record at the school.
The system o f grading will follow the one used at Peabody
Conservatory Preparatory Department. The four grades will come
under the heads o f Elementary, Intermediate, Junior and Advanced.
This system will enable students to receive definite credit fo r the
work accomplished here.
The Harmony Class which was organized last year fo r the
benefit o f the piano students will continue its work this fall.
The
class meets on Tuesday evenings at four o’clock. An elementary
text book will be studied. All piano students are invited to attend
these classes, fo r which no extra charge is made.
The orchestra has commenced its weekly practices. Although
we miss the members o f last year’s senior class, we have gained
several new members. The membership at the present time is as
follow s: first violin, Misses Hege and Steele, Mr. Snader; second
violin, Mr. Samuel Shearer; flute, Miss Small; mandolin, Mr. Bolan;
trombones, Messrs. Taylor and Kurtz; ’cello, Miss Gates; piano,
Mr. Richard Horton. New members are welcome at all times.
MISS MATTHEWS, MISS GATES.

COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT
The work o f the commercial department is well under headway
in its newly equipped quarters, and both departments, commercial
and stenographic, have a goodly number. Satisfactory work is be­
ing done in both.
Many o f the regular Normal students are taking advantage o f
the commercial work, and upon graduation will specialize in one or
both o f these lines. Many already are preparing some commercial
work with the regular courses.
During the spring term and the summer course, special work
will be given to graduates and others wishing to specialize along
commercial lines. •
MAURICE LOW.

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ALUMNI PERSONALS
’ 75. Mr. Eugene A. Burnett o f Mechanicsburg is Democratic
nominee fo r the Legislature.
’ 79. Miss Nannie E. McCormick is living at 2442 Virginia Ave.,
Knoxville, Tenn.
’ 84.

Mrs. Elizabeth White is living at Wenatchee, Washington.

Box 564.
’ 89. Mrs. Edward W. Fairley (Mary Long) who was living in
Canada now lives at 1367 E. Grand feoulevard, Detroit, Mich.
’ 89. Mrs. Maud Cressler Gibb is living at Miles City, Mont.
’ 89. Mrs. Annie Schwartz Diehl is living at Orrtanna, Pa.
’ 90. Mrs. Lulu Buhrman Barlow is living at Rutherford, N. J.
’ 92. Dr. J. C. DeVenney is a practicing physician in Harrisburg.
His address is 1115 N. 2nd street.
’ 92. Mrs. Nettie Dunahugh will have primary work in the Hag­
erstown schools during the coming year.
’ 92. Mrs. Bertie Cressler Miller lives at Freeman Ave., Kansas
City, Kansas.
’ 93.

Mrs. Jennie Hefflebower Myers is living at Newville R. R.

’ 93. Dr. John H. Hoffman is practicing at New Holland, Pa.
’ 94. Prof. H. H. Shenk who has been Dean o f Lebanon Valley
College for a number o f years is now employed in the State Library
at Harrisburg.
’ 95. Mrs. Ella Light Brumbaugh lives at 1408 Elm St., R ock­
ford, 111., where she and her husband are in business.
’ 96. On Thursday evening, September 21, at the Wagner Free
Institute o f Science, Montgomery avenue and 17th St., Phila., Mrs.
Arthur R. Riff (Lou Martin) gave an illustrated lecture on “ The
Customs o f the Taos Indians o f New Mexico.”
’ 96. Mr. J. Frank Peters is located at 22 S. Baltimore Ave.,
Ventnor, N. J.
’ 96. Mr. E. Harvey Hartz is practicing law at 600-1 New York
Life Building, Kansas City, Mo. He writes that he was sorry not
to be able to attend his class reunion this year.

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’97. Mrs. Mary D. McCullough Shurtleff is taking work at the
West Virginia University this year.
’97. Miss Rhoda V. Peregoy has not been teaching fo r several
years. She is at present manager o f a store in Waynesboro.
’97. Dr. William H. Baish writes that he was graduated from
the Baltimore College o f Dental Surgery, the oldest and first dental
college in the world. He was for a time resident dentist in Johns
Hopkins Hospital. He is now practicing dentistry in Baltimore. His
address is Commonwealth Bank Building, Baltimore, Md.
’ 98. Mr. W. A. DeLap is employed in the railway mail service
and lives at 237 N. 18th St., Phila., Pa.
’98. Mrs. Nettie Grove still keeps in touch with normal by writ­
ing us occasionally. She sends best wishes for normal. Her ad­
dress is 105 York St., Hanover, Pa.
’ 98. Miss Bertha D. Eby is teaching at Oberlin, Pa.
’ 98. Mr. George R. Ruth is living at 301 East 64th St., N.Y. City.
|S|99. Miss Elva Fleming is teaching in Pittsburg, Pa.
dress is 821 Union Ave., N. S. Pittsburg.

Her ad­

’99. Miss Edna L. Haverstiek is a student at Valparaiso Uni­
versity this year. She is working for the B. S. Degree in Home
Economies.
’ 99. Mr. J. H. Chubb is living at 236 N. 14th St., Harrisburg, Pa.
’ 00. We take the following from a Waynesboro paper:

County Girl Will Teach in Porto Rico
Miss Ida Newcomer, daughter o f Mr. and Mrs. J. N. Newcomer,
north o f Waynesboro, left Waynesboro yesterday to sail from New
York City at 12 o’clock today on the steamer Brazos fo r Porto Rico.
Miss Newcomer goes to Porto Rico to teach in one o f the schools
established there by the U. S. government. Miss Newcomer, who
spent a brief time with her parents before going to Porto Rico, was
engaged in educational work in New York last year.
’ 01. Miss Liliah Zug is living at 1711 Market St., Harrisburg,Pa.
’ 01. Lieut. E. I. Cook is stationed at Nogales, Colifornia, with
Co. I., 2nd California Infantry.

P

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’ 02. Prof. W. S. Fickes is Division Supt. o f Schools at Iba, in
the Philippines. Prof. Fickes sends us his Herald subscription and
best wishes to normal friends.
’ 02.

Prof. James R. Foote is Associate County Supt. o f M c­

Kean county.
’ 03. Miss Florence Fogelsanger who has been a student at U. P.
fo r the past two years has been awarded the Bennett Fellowship.
She will finish resident work this year fo r the Doctor’s Degree. The
Bennett Fellowship is the highest honor given to women in U. P. and
we congratulate Miss Fogelsanger on her good fortune.
’ 03. Prof. L. D. Crunkleton who taught last year at New Cum­
berland goes this year as principal o f the schools o f Edwardsville,Pa.
’ 04. Miss Pearl Speck who taught the past nine years at Rosemont^ Pa., is attending U. P. (School o f Education) this year.
’ 04. Mr. W. Mark Ruth is in the railway mail service.
living at Newburg, Pa.

He is

’04. Mr. D. Leslie Stamy is Prof, o f Mathematics, School o f
Technology, University o f Ga. His address is 78 W. North St., At­
lanta Ga.
’ 05.

Miss Clara Johnson is teaching in Chambersburg, Pa.

’ 05. Mrs. Kathryn Goshom Minium is living at Lemoyne, Pa.
’ 06.

Mrs. Mary McClellan Line is living at 302 W. Penn St.,

Butler, Pa. .
’ 06. Mrs. Blanche Books Alberti lives at Springfield, Colo.
’07. Mrs. Alma Walter Gordon is living at Astoria, Long Island,
where her husband is employed on “ Hell Gate Bridge.”
’ 07. Mr. ChaA H. Johnson is in business in Rochester, N. Y.
His address is 217 Spring street.
’ 07. Mrs. Nora Fishes Dohner writes from Salem, N. J .: “ We
are living at 111 St., 7th St., Salem. We like it here very much as
the people are very congenial. This is an old Quaker town I sup­
pose the oldest in South Jersey,, and a very pretty place, situated on
the Salem River a branch o f the Delaware, and near Philadelphia.
Wishing you success in raising money for the Field Fund and with
best wishes for Old Normal I am, sincerely.”

22

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’ 07. Mr. P.
lege, Lordsburg,
signed to take a
California. Mr.
next June.

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J. Wiebe who has taught German in Lordsburg Col­
Calif., has been reelected fo r this year but has re­
post graduate course in the University o f Southern
Wiebe expects to be at Normal to his tenth reunion

’ 07. Mr. Chas. D. Tritt writes us from Mohall, N. Dak., “Am
out here in North Dak. and.am enjoying myself fine with a bunch o f
about 75 pupils in an open country consolidated school with but one
assistant. This is the only kind o f a country school at least fo r this
country. Wish you could come and visit us at work. Best wishes
to Normal.”
’ 07. Mr. George H. Richwine will attend Eastern College at
Manassas, Ya., this year. He expects to get his A. B. degree next
summer.
’ 08. Prof. M. A. Hess is taking work in Latin in the Graduate
School U. P.
#
’ 08.
cipal.

Mr. Alvin Weaver goes to Lilly, Cambria county as prin­

’ 08. Dr. R. W. Pearson recently took an examination before a
board o f examiners at El Paso, Texas, in which he passed success­
fully. He is now First Lieutenant U. S. A. This is a big promotion
both in rank and salary, and we offer congratulations to Lieut. Pear­
son on his good fortune.
’ 08. Miss Lydia M. Underwood is teaching at Media, Pa.
address is 323 W. State Street.
’ 08.

Her

We clip the following from a local paper :

Dr. Good Appointed
Dr. John L. Good, son o f Dr. J. F. Good, o f New Cumberland,
has been made a first lieutenant in the medical corps, Pennsylvania
National Guard, his appointment, dated September 12, having been
announced by Adjutant General Stewart Wednesday morning.
Dr. Good was a resident physician at the Harrisburg Hospital
last year, taking that position after graduating from the MedicoChirurgical College, Philadelphia. He is now on the staff o f the
Philadelphia Municipal Hospital, where infantile paralysis cases are
being treated.

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He was graduated from Shippensburg Normal school, spent a
year in Gettysburg and a term in the St. Louis University before
taking up the study o f medicine.
’ 09. Mr. Jacob Hollinger who is a graduate o f Gettysburg
College took a special course this summer at U. P. and has been
elected to a position on the faculty o f Juniata College, Huntingdon,
for the present year.
’10.

Miss Helen J. Scott will teach in Allegheny county this

year.
’10. On August 6th a farewell supper was given Miss Lillian
Kendig o f Mowersville. We take the following account o f it from a
Franklin county paper :
“ The farewell missionary supper in honor o f Miss Lillian Ken­
dig, who soon expects to enter upon her new field o f labor in Santa
Cruz, New Mexico, was a most enjoyable occasion. Missionary
stunts were played and a fine supper served. A contribution o f
$15.50 was given to Miss Kendig fo r her work in New Mexico. Ad­
dresses were given by Rev. Sparrow and the outgoing missionary.
‘ God Be With You ’ Till We Meet Again’ was sung. Great credit is
due to the ladies o f the W. M. A. who planned the affair.
’10. Miss Ruth Shive and Miss Martha McCullough ’15 spent
the summer at the Seashore Branch o f the Widener Memorial school
at Longport, N. J. Their work was with thé children. They report
a very pleasant summer. Miss Shive will teach near Shippensburg
this year.
’10. Mr. Ralph B. Beard was one o f the Bucknell debaters
against Lafayette this spring. He is attending his second year at
Bucknell.
’l l . Prof. H. J. MeCleaf writes us that he opened on Sept. 29
with 65 pupils enrolled. He is teaching Latin and Science in the
High School o f which he is principal.
’l l .

Mr. Frank B. Hege goes tb Riddlesburg this year.

’12. Mr. Abram C. Stamy is principal o f one o f the buildings
in Middletown, Pa.
’12. Miss Clara Shafer is not teaching this year but is spending
the winter at her home at Mt. Alto, Pa.
’ 13.

Miss Mary Witmer is teaching at Mt. Alto.

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’13. Miss Josephine Eves will teach in the Mechanicsburg
schools again this year.
’13. Miss Anna M. Haldeman will teach this year at Millerstown.
’13. Mr. Raymond Stouffer has been elected principal o f the
Funkstown, Md., schools for the coming year.
’13. Mr. Ralph Lischy spent the summer working for the Scran­
ton Correspondence School. It is not likely he will return to teach­
ing as he likes the work he is now doing very much and has been
quite successful in it. His address is Box 196, Cumberland, Md.
’ 13. Mr. Chas. McGee has been elected principal o f the Rouzerville schools.
’13. Miss Katie B. Steele will teach at Centerville this year.
’13. Miss Joy Houston will teach in Butler again this year.
’14. Prof. C. S. Rice who has been principal o f the schools o f
Academia for two years, goes this year as principal at New Cum­
berland.
’15. Mr. Edgar Grove will be a student this year at Ursinus.
’15. Mr. Clark Skelly goes into the Waynesboro schools' this
year. He has been principal at Oakville fo r two years.
’15.
year.

Miss Marion Diehl will teach 6th grade in Millersburg this

’15. Mr. J. Claude Screiver is attending Gettysburg College this
year.

THE CLASS OF 1916
Where the remainder o f thé class will teach who were not lo­
cated when the July Herald was issued.
The following members o f the class o f ’16 will teach in Guil­
ford township, Franklin county: Miss Hilda Ausmus, New Balti­
more; Miss Elva Myers, Lecompton; Miss Margaret Rahauser,
Harrison.
Miss Janet Cowling will teach in Adams county. Miss Vera
Tompkins and Mr. Jay Seavers will also teach in Adams county.
Miss Mary, Griffiths who was elected to a position in Franklin
county has resigned to accept a position at home, Williamstown

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Miss Cleo Haller will teach at her home, Williamstown.
Mr. Warren Maclay who had been elected to a school near his
home, Shippensburg, has resigned to accept the prinCipalship o f the
Dudley schools.
Miss Jean Johnston will not teach this winter.
Miss Maude Lupoid goes to Somerville, N. J.
Miss Gail McLaughlin and Mr. Byron Small will teach in Greene
township, Franklin county.
Mr. Clyde Barnhart will attend Medico-Chi during the coming
year.
Mr. Melvin Bughman is a student at Normal.
Mr. Robert Coyle goes as assistant principal to Everett, Pa.
Mr. Howard Etter will teach, near home, Mereersburg.
Mr. Harry Hardy will teach near Wilmore, Pa.
Mr. Ray Hess goes as assistant principal to Portage, Pa.
Mr. Bruce Lytle will teach at Churchtown, Pa.
Mr. Clyde Mellinger goes to Ursinus College.
Mr. Mark Sleichter will teach at Lisburn, Pa.
Mr. Harry Stamy will be assistant principal at Halifax, Pa.
Mr. Ezra Wenger goes to Adams county.
Miss Dorothy Schoch is attending Drexel and taking a course in
Domestic Science. Miss Christine Schoch is teaching near Hanover,
Pa.
Miss Marion L. Bell is teaching in Rhodesdale, Md.
Mr. Glenn Lehman goesas principal to Langdondale; Bedford Co.

m ssss
CUPID’S COLUMN
CRAIG— TOLAN. In the Bridge St. Presbyterian church, Catasauqua, Pa., August 24, 1916, Mr. Samuel Sharpe Craig to Miss Sue
Jane Tolan, ’ 08. They live at Barbertown, Ohio.
STULTZ— BRANDT. At Newport, Pa., July 20, 1916, Mr. W al­
ter Dallas Stultz to Miss Anna Gilfilen Brandt, ’ 09. They live at
Holidaysburg, Pa.

2«

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STEWART— WYLIE. At Middle Spring, Pa., July 21, 1916, by
the bride’s father, Rev. S. S. Wylie, Prof. J. K. Stewart to Miss
Harriet Anne Wylie, ’93. They reside at the Normal where both will
continue to teach.
CHARLES— ROUNSLEY. At Millerstown, Pa.,August 18,1916,
Mr. J. Otis Charles, ’12, to Miss Helen M. Rounsley. They reside at
Millerstown, where Prof. Charles is principal o f the schools.
EOWLERr—SMITH. At Waynesboro, Pa., August 15,1916, Mr.
Guy Fowler to Miss Maisie Frances Smith, ’13. They reside at
Burlock, Md.
GRIFFITH— DOHNER. At Shippensburg, Pa., August 15,1916,
by Rev. J. H. Dohner, father o f the bride, Mr. Austin H. Griffith to
Miss Rhoda Althea Dohner, ’12. They reside in Johnstown, Pa.y
where Mr. Griffith is engaged in the mercantile business.
COBLE—KARPER. At Carlisle, Pa., August 24, by Rev. G. M.
Diffenderfer, Mr. Aaron H. Coble, ’l l , to Miss Ethel Karper. They
reside at Chambersburg, Pa. R. R. 6. Mr. Coble will teach near his
home this year.
FAUST— CRAIG.
At Lancaster, Pa., September 1, 1916, by
Rev. Alleman, Mr. William Faust to Miss Kathleen Craig, ’l l . They
reside in Waynesboro, Pa., where Mr. Faust is employed by the Lan­
dis Tool Company.
McPHERSON— CLOUSER. At New Bloomfield, Pa., August 16,
1916, by Rev. Warren Conrad, Mr. Robert Eton McPherson, ’ 04, to
Miss Margaret Pearl Clouser. They reside in New Bloomfield, where
Prof. McPherson is one o f the teachers in the Carson Long Institute.
HOLLINGER— MEHRING. At Philadelphia, Pa., August 24,
1916, Mr. Jacob E. Hollinger, ’09, to Miss Mary Mehring, ’09. They
will reside at Huntingdon, Pa., where Mr. Hollinger is a member o f
the faculty o f Juniata College.
GOYT— BERRY. At Green Leaf Cottage, the summer home o f
Dr. Berry and sisters, August 8, 1916, by Rev. Henry W. Snyder,
Mr. Hugh Andrews Goyt to Miss Alta Metzger Berry, ’ 07. They live
at 734 Park Ave., Weehauken, N. J. Mr. Goyt is in the employ o f
the Remington Arms Co., o f Hoboken, N. J.
MORRIS— McQUISTON. At Saltsburg, Pa., August 9, 1916,'
Dr. John Russell Morris to Miss Virginia Osborne McQuiston, ’01.
They reside at 1918 West St., Wilmington, Del.

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SNYDER— HUMMEL. At Baltimore, Md., November 6, 1915,
Mr. Harry W. Snyder to Miss H. Nelda Hummel, ’15. They reside
at 40 North Felton St., Philadelphia, Pa. Prof. Snyder is physical
director in one o f the Philadelphia High schools.
AUSHERMAN— O’BRIEN. At Fairfield, Iowa, August 16, 1916,
Mr. Jacob W. Ausherman, ’ 95, to Miss Isabel Helena O’Brien. They
reside at Springer, N. Mexico, where Mr. Ausherman is in the real
estate business.
GARLING— MacDANNALD. At Mt. Joy, Pa., September 19,
1916, by Dr. I. A. MacDannald, father o f the bride, Mr. Harold Scott
Garling to Miss Mary Seaboume MacDannald, ’12. They will re­
side in Philadelphia.
SCHWARTZ— WINTER. At York, Pa., Oct. 11, 1916, Mr. P.
A. Schwartz, ’ 05, to Miss Ruth Sophia Winter. They will be at home
after November 1, at 508 West Princess St., York, Pa.
PIPER— BRANDT. At Huntsdale, Pa., October 4, by Rev. A.
M. Gluck, Jr., J. R. Piper, ’ 02, to Miss Edna Mary Brandt. They re­
side in Newville, Pa., where Dr. Piper is a dentist.
. CROZIER— JOHNSTON. At. Woodbury, PaJOctober, 1916, Mr.
R. W. Crozier to Miss Elsie G. Johnston, ’13. They reside near
Altoona, Pa.
In the July Herald the Personal Editor made a mistake in stat­
ing that Miss Lorma Kerr was married to Mr. Crozier. The lady
was Miss Johnston and not Miss Kerr. The Personal Editor begs
pardon for the error.
8888

STORK COLUMN
MAGILL. At Center, Pa., July 8, 1916, to Rev. and Mrs. Hugh
R. Magill, a daughter. Mrs. Magill was Miss Marion L. Flickinger,’ 97.
SAUDER. At Waynesboro, R. R. 2, December, 1915, to Mr. and
Mrs. J. B. Sauder, a daughter. Mrs. Sauder was Miss Mary Foltz, ’04.
NYCUM. At Piqua, Ohio, September 10, 1916, to Mr. and Mrs.
J. M. Nycum, a daughter. Mrs. Nycum "was Miss Ella Miller, ’ 97.
Mr. Nycum was also a graduate o f ’ 97.
GIPE. At Penbrook, Pa., August, 1916, to Mr. and Mrs. Gipe, a
son. Mrs. Gipe was Miss Blanche Bamer, ’10.
TALLEY. At 1910 Jefferson St., Wilmington, Del., to Mr. and
Mrs. J. M. Talley a daughter. Mrs. Talley was Miss Stella Weigle,’ ’l l .

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OBITUARY
Grace Louise Byers, ’13, died October 7, 1916. We are indebted
to a Waynesboro paper for the following:
MISS GRACE L. BYERS, AGED 20 YEARS
Miss Grace Louise Byers, teacher in the fourth grade o f Wash­
ington township schools at Rouzerville, died Saturday evening at.
6:15 o’clock,.at her home on East Main street, from diabetes como,
aged 20 years, 11 months and 7 days.
She had taught only three days o f the term, Wednesday even­
ing she became ill and, Thursday, remained at home. Saturday
morning her condition grew worse and at 10 o’clock she lapsed into
a state o f unconsciousness from which she never rallied.
Miss Byers was born in Taneytown, Carroll county, Md. When
she was six months old her parents moved to Gettysburg and from
there to Fairfield, where they engaged in farming.
While living at Fairfield she attended the township schools and
later the Fairfield high school from which she was graduated. Later
she attended the Shippensburg Normal school and was graduated
from there with the class o f 1913.
For a year she taught in the Loysville orphan school. She alsotaught a year in the Freedom township schools, Adams county. At
the close o f the last year she was appointed teacher at Rouzerville
by the Washington township school board.
She was a member o f the Lutheran church, Fairfield, and or­
ganist o f the Sunday school and Christian Endeavor Society. She*
attended Sunday school here one week, entering the class taught by
W. L. Minick, Esq. She had many friends and was a bright, cheer­
ful and attractive young woman.
She was engaged to be married to A. R. Musselman, Fairfield.
The wedding was to have taken place next spring.
Surviving are her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Geo. G. Byers.
Mamie M. Border, ’l l , died September 29, 1916. We take thefollowing from an Adams county paper:
Hampton last Friday morning, Sept. 29, lost one o f its most
beloved citizens in the death o f Miss Mamie M. Border, who had
been a teacher in the public schools o f Reading township for five
successive terms; was an active member in the Lutheran church and.

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a teacher o f a class in the Sunday school. She was a graduate o f
the Shippensburg State Normal School in the class o f ’l l , and rend­
ered excellent service in school work, and has been one o f the lead­
ing factors in social and church work o f the town, fo r which she
was admirably fitted by reason o f her noble character, scholarly at­
tainments and cultured training. She had been on the sick list about
six weeks suffering from complications which developed into gastritis
and caused her death. She was aged 26 years, 7 months and 6
days, and leaves her parents, Mr. and Mrs. David Border, o f Hamp­
ton, one brother Elsworth, o f Round Hill, and one sister, Mrs. Albert
Myers o f Hanover. The funeral was held Monday afternoon, ser­
vices being conducted in the Lutheran church by her pastor Rev.
Nicolls, assisted by Rev. Paul Glatfelter. The services were very
largely attended by friends and relatives. Interment in the Hampton
cemetery. The floral tributes were numerous and beautiful. The
pallbearers were Robert and Nevin Decker, John Slaybaugh, Lloyd
Hartman, Daniel,Hartzel and John Thomas. Undertaker Fisher had
charge o f the .funeral arrangements.
As a mark o f respect the school board o f the township had all
the schools closed Monday afternoon. The Board, teachers and
many scholars o f the district, together with County Supt. Roth and
Asst. Supt. Rice were in attendance at the funeral.

DR. LEHMAN TAKES STAND ON MILITARY TRAINING
The following is an extract from a letter written by Dr. Leh­
man in answer to inquiry from Representative John R. K. Scott, o f
Philadelphia, to determine the views o f the Pennsylvania educators
regarding the question, o f the introduction o f military training in
the public schools: .
tpi'I do not believe that it is the province o f the public schools
to concern themselves with a matter that does not and ought not to
belong to the adolescent period o f a young man’ s life. I f military
training is to have a place in the education o f a boy, it seems to me
that it belongs to a much later period than the years he* spends in
the public schools. During these years the child is easily influenced
by his environment and I do not believe it is wise to have his mind
dwell upon the possibilities o f a military life rather than those o f
the skilled workman and professional man^ I am opposed to it also
because it would add very materially to the work o f the public

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schools. I am opposed to military instruction in the schools be­
cause experience has shown that it does not accomplish the purpose
designed. I might add that I am opposed to it also because it was
tried out in this school some years ago. The instruction was in
charge o f a man who had been in the regular army and was peculiarly
qualified to give such instruction. After the novelty had worn off,
it was one o f the most unpopular courses in the school. It failed
to give the results claimed fo r it as a means o f physical develop­
ment, and it certainly possessed none o f the vaunted merits claimed
fo r it along technical lines. For the reasons indicated, I am de­
cidedly opposed to the introduction o f military training in the public
school system.”

MIND IN ANIMALS
In this composition, some o f the qualities o f the mind or soul
o f man will be shown to also exist in the lower animals. They will
be taken up in order o f their importance. First we must know
what mind is.
According to psychologists, mind is that which
knows, feels, and wills.

/

Reason is the most important quality o f the mind, so it will
be taken up first. All the lower animals have instincts. This is
conceded by everyone. But all people do not think that all a.nimn.lg
have reason. They get instinct and reason confounded. There is a
great difference between instinct and reason. Instinct is an inborn
tendency while reason is an exercise o f the will. Instinct does not
require thought while reason does.
All animals have the power o f reasoning, although in a less
degree than man, the highest animal. It is by our great superiority
o f our reason that we keep our supremacy over the lower animals.
When reason in an animal conquers instinct we may say the ani­
mal has become civilized. This is shown in the case o f a welltrained dog and cat. When food was placed before the cat in the
presence o f the dog, the dog would not approach until the cat was
through eating. Then he would go and eat. In this case, the in­
stinct in the dog said ‘chase the cat away’, while reason, which
conquers said, ‘wait until the cat is through eating.’
Any animal can be so trained to subject its instincts to its
reason. Besides having reason, animals have the power o f transmitting their ideas to a companion although this companion may be
a human being.
That animals have the power o f transmitting
thought is shown by any type o f bird or animal. The cry o f warn-

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ing from a blue jay or similar bird has often eost the hunter a
chance o f a shot at a squirrel or a rabbit.
The power o f transmitting ideas or thoughts may be called
language. This language is divided into two divisions— sound lan­
guage and gesture language. Sound language may be illustrated
by the bark o f the dog. There is a bark o f joy or welcome, a bark
when he is hunting, a hark o f pain or terror and a bark o f anger
when his temper is aroused by an injury or supposed injury to his
master. It is also true that the dog knows when his m ister is in
immediate need o f help. One day last summer a large hog came
up suddenly to my little brother. He was naturally very much
frightened and screamed. His dog was with him and he at once
fairly flew upon the hog and chased him away. In this ease the
dog understood the sound language made by my brother well enough.
The horse neighs differently when he is hungry than he does when
he wishes to he brought in from pasture. This illustrates sound
language as does the purr and mew o f the cat.
Gesture language is shown by the action o f the dog which<
scratches on the door to be let in. A horse paws with his frontfeet when he wishes to be fed. The cat always brushes against
you when she wishes to be petted.
Reason is shown developed to a great degree in the trained
animals we see at the circus. The mice, squirrels, lions, foxes, rab­
bits, sheep, and the like also show that they possess reason as is
shown in the way they do certain things, such as stealing chickens,
avoiding traps, breaking through fences and the like.
The animals that have the most highly developed reason are
the monkey and apes. Many o f them when civilized, can eat at a
table with a knife and fork, and in short, have the same table
manners o f a well bred human being.
I have now shown that the lower animals have reason. They
also have memory. This is easily shown, as we all know that a
dog will always remember a friend who has helped them in any
way. This is also true o f the early American Indian, fie never
forgot a friend or an enemy. We also know, I do at least, that a
cow will remember where she broke through the fence once bfeore.
Humor is also found in some animals. I had a dog which liked
to play hide and seek very much. He would hunt us by our scent,
and, when he had found us he would hark joyously. When the
horse in the pasture will not let you approach to bridle him. He is
amusing himself, but not us. Kittens often tangle up a ball o f
yam in their play. This is humor on the part o f the eat. There

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are also many other examples such as the squirrel, mouse, monkey,
ape, etc., in which humor is shown.
Anger is shown in the large wild animals as well as the smaller
tame ones when they are not willing to be disturbed. It may be
shown by a scratch, bite, kick, or whatever the case may be.
Pride is found in the leader o f a flock or herd o f cows, sheep,
or horses or other animals that travel in bands. The lead cow
will not permit any other cow to leave the pasture or enter it before
she does. The largest and strongest ram usually leads the flock o f
sheep. Each leader is very proud and will lead until a successor
comes along who is larger or stronger than he.
Jealousy and revenge is shown by an instance where a tame
brown mouse killed a tame white mouse, o f which he was jealous.
Our dog does not permit any one o f the family to pet another dog.
I f we do not let him thrash the other dog on the spot he seems in­
sulted and goes home. He soon returns, however, if the other dog
Is not near us.
Tyranny in spoiled dogs is about the same as in men. They
>do just as they please and try to make every one else do as they
wish them to do.
Animals also possess a conscience or moral responsibility.
They know the difference between right and wrong and when they
have done wrong they show it by their looks. A sheep trilling dog
will not look you in the eyes but will try to avoid doing so in every
possible manner. On the other hand a good dog will look you in
the eyes and make you the best possible companion. When a
good dog does wrong he is penitent and will not be happy until his
master forgives him.
Many animals have love and sympathy towards man. An
animal’s devotion to his master proves this. Pets have been known
to grieve to death after the death o f their master. Some animals,
such as cats, will always return home although taken away a con­
siderable distance from home. A good horse sympathizes with his
master by rubbing him with his nose when his master is sick or
hurt. Many horses, when their rider has fallen, will return to their
rider and wait until he has again mounted.
Now I have shown that animals have the power o f reason,
speech, memory, humor, anger, pride, jealousy, revenge, tyranny,
conscience, love and sympathy., All these qualities o f the mind are
found in human beings although in a mueh greater degree. This
greater degree o f the mind is what makes us the superior o f the
brutelicreation.
ROBERT D. MACLAY, ’17.

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NOTES ON THE READING OF POETRY
Too many o f us, it is to be feared, look upon the poetry o f the
world as we used to look upon soap. We recognize that as an
agent o f purity, o f cleanliness, o f sweetness and beauty, it is as
effective between the ears as soap is behind them. But we dread
its use; as in the days o f old, we put off and put off from day to
day, and from week to week; we promise ourselves that sometime
we WILL read Paradise Lost; that sometime we WILL attempt
Shakespeare; but some time is not-time; darkness settles between
the ears as once it did behind them; others see it, but we do not;
but we still take a chance, and when we think we are in danger o f
being found out, we turn up our spiritual coat collars by pretending
an acquaintance where we have none.
All this is because we fail to realize that poetry is like that
wonderful soap which was sold by Rebeeca o f Sunnybrook Farm,
which might be eaten by an infant with relish and profit. We over­
look the relish; we are inclined to look upon poetry as the oatmeal
and fried mush o f the literary table— chief nourishers in life’s feast,
perhaps, but hard to take— when we ought to regard it with the
thesame eagerness and appreciation as we did that wonderful choc­
olate cake which mother used to make— one slice enough for a meal,
and chief o f all gastronomic delights. This dislike fo r poetry, as
such, however it may coem about, is too bad; fo r no housewifely
mother, slaving for hours in a hot and uncomfortable kitchen over
a child’s birthday cake, was ever more eager to give pleasure than
the poet. It is the aim o f all the arts, o f which poetry is perhaps
the greatest, precisely to give that type o f disinterested pleasure
which is aroused by the contemplation o f the beautiful. In failing
to give attention to this work in which he has put so much care fo r
our pleasure, we are not only depriving the poet o f the appreciation
he deserves, but we are depriving ourselves o f a great delight. In
the country districts, especially, where the access to the other arts
is to a greater or less degree cut off, all literature, and especially
poetry, has an enjoyment value which is too often overlooked. “ It’s
awful good,” mother used to say “ It’s got nutmeats in it, and—
here, just take a little piece o f this frosting, and see if you don’t
like it.” “ It’s awful good,” I say o f poetry. “ Here, see what this
little poem has in it, and see if you don’t like it.”
The poem which I have chosen to illustrate some o f the pleas­
ures which may be derived from the reading o f poetry— I speak now
in all seriousness-pis that flower o f the lyric o f the Victorian age,
the final message o f a life o f faith— Tennyson’s Crossing the Bar.
It is perhaps not too familiar to recall:

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Sunset and evening star,
And one clear call fo r m e!
And may there be no moaning o f the bar,
When I put out to sea,
But such a tide as moving seems asleep,
Too full fo r sound or foam,
When that which drew from out the boundless deep
Turns again home.
Twilight and evening bell,
And after that the dark!
And may there be no sadness o f farewell,
When I embark;
For though from out our bourne o f Time and Place
The flood may bear me far,
I hope to see my Pilot face to face
When I have crossed the bar.
Did you read the poem aloud? Did you frame the words with
your lips as your eyes passed over them, dwelling upon each sound
carefully and lovingly, making the most o f it, as o f the notes o f a
well-loved song? I f not, you have not yet read the poem; if you
are not in the habit o f reading poetry in this fashion, you are not
in the habit o f really reading poetry. For poetry is above all things
musieal. You may have poetry which contains little spiritual mean­
ing; you may have poetry whose'thought value is almost nothing;
you may even have real poetry which is not markedly picturesque;
but you may have poetry which does not appeal to that instinct fo r
beautiful and rhythmical expression which is the .occasion o f all
the arts. The printed words are no more than the printed score o f
a musical composition; the real poem is the poem read, just as the
real song is the song sung. Who except a master musician would
pretend to appreciate fully a musical selection merely by reading
the printed notes? Who, except a master reader, would pretend to
an appreciation o f the beauty o f poetry without first giving it a
hearing?
To read aloud does not mean to elocutionize or to rant, but to
read with an understanding and appreciation o f the meaning o f
each word, and with a care to notice the beauty o f changing vowel
sounds and recurring consonant sounds. It is childish to consider
these things, you think; the truth o f such a statement may be

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granted at once, fo r all appreciation, from which we derive the
greatest portion o f our enjoyment, is essentially childish; our sus­
pense as we hang upon the tones o f a violin; our love o f beauty o f
color in a picture; our worship; all are childish, fo r the kingdom o f
art, like the kingdom o f heaven, must be entered as a little child.
Approach this poem, then, with the purpose o f finding in it all its
music; read and re-read it until the whispering silence o f the first
line, o f the “ Sunset and evening star” , the clear flute-like tone o f
“ And one clear call fo r me,” the slow majestic line o f the second
stanza, with its suggestion o f vastness and eternity, the cadence o f
the first two lines o f the third stanza which falls as the evening
itself falls, and the triumphal march music o f the last four lines
have sung themselves into your heart. I f you have never before
stopped to consider the musical beauty o f the poem, you will be
surprised not only at the sheer beauty o f the poet’s creation, but
at the wonderful fitness o f the music o f the verse to the thought he
is expressing.
This, then, is one o f the things which we should always con­
sider in reading the work o f any poet whose work is o f real value—
the music o f the verse. I f we do this, we have taken the first step
toward the appreciation o f poetry.
Most poetry is not only musical but picturesque. Even the
poet whose aim is to present a great moral or spiritual truth does
so by means o f a concrete picture or story. It is the business o f
the reader who would read intelligently and with appreciation to try
to visualize the picture the poet is presenting until it is as vivid in
his own mind as it was in that o f the poet. Let us stop for just a
moment on the picture which Tennyson has presented to us here:
the lone traveler, at the end o f his long road; behind him, lying
purple in the gathering dusk the mountains o f achievement, up
whose eastward slopes he so eagerly and firmly climbed, and down
whose westward-reaching slopes he has so painfully and slowly
tottered; the white sands about him touched with bronze by the
light o f the setting sun; his bent figure outlined against the dull
turquoise o f the sea, as he falters toward the black hulk whieli lies
tugging at anchor, eager to be gone; and beyond him, the path o f
gold which the setting half-disk o f the sun makes across the whis­
pering waves; as he.creeps toward the shore, the sun slowly sinks
below the ocean’s rim; the grim hulk o f death lies black against a
blaze o f riotous color; which slowly fades; twilight creeps greyly
over the sea, until all the sky is black, with one faint touch o f color
in the west; the winds begin to come in cool from the sea, and the
waves to whisper louder around the shores o f the little harbor; but

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the black bark tugs to be away with the outgoing tide; the evening
bell rings from the ship; the voices o f friends are about the wan­
derer in the dusk, bidding him farewell and God speed, but not with
moans or sobs; he answers them with words o f trust and hope, and
takes his solitary place in the boat; slowly it fades from sight; only
the silent starry night with its one red gleam o f hope in the west,
remains. “ The calm majestic presence o f the. night, from which we
learn to bear what others have borne before.”
The last and greater factor in our appreciation o f literature,
and especially o f poetry, is the correct and complete apprehension
o f the author’s thought— o f the meaning o f the poem— o f the moral,
if you will insist upon using a disagreeable word. It is the catching
o f that deeper and mysteriously vital thing which is to these other
qualities o f literature as the soul is to the body. For if there is
any thing that, from the time o f the Hebrew prophet-poets to the
present, had added dignity and worth to what might else have been
a frivolous pursuit o f the merely pretty, it is the fact that the
great thinkers, the great seers, and the great prophets o f the world
have often used the poetic form fo r the embodiment o f their great
ideas.
The message— the meaning— o f this simple poem o f Tennyson’s
may be at first sight, and perhaps is obvious.
The poem is inspired
with faith and trust in the great Pilot o f the seas o f Eternity. But
here, as in any other work, we have failed to catch the full force
and beauty o f the thought if we have failed to consider it in the light
o f the racial, the historical, and the personal forces o f which it was
an outgrowth. For really great poetry is the expression o f a soul
so big that the man who produced it is worth our attention. Not
only so, but really great poetry is the expression o f the race by
which it was produced, and o f the great thought tendencies o f the
age in which it was produced. Let us see what were some o f the
forces out o f which the thought o f this poem grew.
Death, noble or ignoble, is strong in its emotional appeal to all
nations and races; this appeal has given rise to the ever-present
melodrama; but it is only the northern mind, bred in a land o f win­
ter mists'and fogs, o f sudden returning springs, encompassed by
the vast solemnity o f the sea, a racial mind forever weighed down
by the burden o f the mystery o f all this unintelligible world, in which
we find this peculiar strong melancholy delight in trying to send the
mind before and solve the problems o f the unknown. The mind o f
the northern races, if it may be occupied with action, fills up all the
time until the moment o f death full o f moving life; but if it has time-

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to think, it is greatly occupied with the thought o f what dreams
may come in that sleep o f death. The Teuton has little o f the gay
and dauntless spirit which is so well typified by Hugo’s Courfeyrac,who, happening to see a cat as he was dying, said— “ First, the
good God made rats. When he saw his work he said ‘Hello, here’s a
pretty mistake in creation!’ and so he made cats to balance the
universe.” The minds o f the men o f northern Europe are more
likely to face death as Hamlet faced it, with a speculation— “ The
rest is silence.” In the very topic which Tennyson has here chosen,
we may see, I think, an attitude and a tendency which is character­
istic o f his whole race. His poem is the voice o f the whole race,
rather than that o f a single man.
Let us see what were some o f the other forces at work in the
poet’s mind in the production o f his poem. Why did he choose the
sea as the symbol o f eternity. Because Englishmen have always
loved the sea, and have always looked upon it as the type o f the
Great Beyond. Tennyson knew what the first picture in all our
English literature is that o f a band o f warriors, carrying the body o f
their dead king down to the seaside, where
In the roadstead was rocking (ringed its stem was)
'Ic y and outbound, an aetheling’s craft.
And there they laid their lord beloved,
That breaker o f bracelets in the bark’s broad bosom,
Most mighty by the mast. Many the jewels,
And fair the fret-work fetched from far.
*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Beside him they set his standard all golden
High o’er his head; let heaving sea have him,
To the sea they sent him. Sad was their spirit,
And mourning their mind.
Tennyson knew that the people to whom he was writing, the
English people, had been from the very earliest time lovers o f the
sea. That in their very earliest literature they had spoken o f it
with many quaint and endearing epithets. That to the Englishman
the sea had been playground, protector, and power. That love o f the
sea marked all English thought and poetry right up to his own
time, when we find to mention but one among many, Byron with his
tremendous Apostrophe to the Ocean. What then are the thoughts'
which are called up in the poet’s mind by the thoughts o f putting
out to sea? Nothing but the most pleasant ones. He could not

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have picked a symbol more suitable for the expression o f faith and
trust than the one he has here chosen.
I f space permitted, we might be able to discover some o f the
other thoughts that were at the back o f the poet’s mmd in the
composition o f this work in his own earlier works; the noble pic­
ture, for instance, in the Morte D’Arthur, where the wounded king
sets out across the mere in the black veiled barge which is to bear
him to the island o f Avilon; or that other in Ulysses, where the an­
cient mariners, weak and old, but still, undaunted, set out m the
night and in the teeth o f the rising winds to seek the islands o f the
blessed; or the heart-broken sob o f that most precious o f his lyrics
“ Break, break, break.” But they must be passed with mere mention
that we may come to one other characteristic o f his thought that
makes it worthy o f our consideration.
.
This poem is not only a great expression o f faith, but it is a
great expression o f faith in an age o f doubt— in an age when the
strongest loss their grip on God, when Tennyson himself was shak­
en. It was the final word in a life which has passed from despair
„ through doubt to faith.
We should remember that this was the great age o f science—
the age when the doctrines o f evolution, the greatest scientific
synthesis in the world’s history since the discovery o f gravitation,
was first produced. It was an age when materialism was rampant,
and when death to most thinking men meant the absolute blotting
out o f all. It was an age in which Swinburne wrote o f death:
There moon or star shall waken,
Nor any change o f light,
Nor sound o f waters shaken,
Nor any sound or sight,
Nor wintry leaves nor vernal,
Nordays nor things diurnal,
Only the sleep eternal
In an eternal night.
It was the age in which Matthew Arnold wrote those despair­
ing lines o f Dover B each'
The Sea o f Faith
Was once, too, at the full, and round earth’s shore
Lay like the folds o f a bright girdle furled.
But now I only hear
It’s melancholy, long, withdrawing roar,
Retreating, to the breath
Of the night-wind, down the vast edges drear
And naked shingles o f the world.

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The world, says this characteristic author,
Hath really neither joy, nor love, nor light,
Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain-;
And we are here as on a darkling plain
Swept with confused alarms o f struggle and flight,
Where ignorant armies clash by night.
Even Tennyson, strong hearted poet o f faith as he was, iron
his faith as by the test o f fire.
Spring and Summer and Autumn and Winter, and all these old
revolutions o f earth;
All new-fangled revolutions o f Empire— change o f the tide—what is all o f it worth?
What is it all, if we all o f us end but in being our own corpsecoffins at last,
Swallowed in Vastness, lost in Silence, drowned in the depth»
o f a meaningless past?
What but a murmur o f gnats in the gloom, or a momenta
anger .of bees in their hive?
Again, in a tremendous image, he voices the weakness o f his

iaith:
I falter where I firmly trod,
And falling with my weight o f cares
Upon the great world’s altar-stairs
That slope through darkness up to God,
I stretch lame hands o f faith, and grope,
And gather dust and chaff, and call
To what I feel is Lord o f all,
And faintly trust the larger hope.
The little poem, Crossing the Bar, is the last and finest ex­
pression o f thé message o f faith which he gave to world, when he
had worked out his own salvation through the process o f all heal­
ing time. He requested that that poem be placed last in all author­
ized editions o f his work, as his final word concerning life and
death— a word which is great not only fo r its character, but fo r its
defiance o f the spirit o f the age in which it was produced, and as
indicating the final triumph o f the good in the life, o f its author.
I have taken this course not so much fo r the purpose o f point-

40

THE

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ing out the merits and beauties o f this particular poem, upon which
I have scarcely begun to touch, but rather as suggesting a method
by which in our reading and study we may and should approach
poetry for the greatest enjoyment and appreciation. We should
bear in mind three things: that great poetry is musical, that great
poetry is picturesque, and that great poetry is thoughtful. The
music o f poetry is best to be appreciated by intelligent and sym­
pathetic reading aloud; the picture by allowing the imagination to
dwell lovingly, on its details, and the thought by considering it in
relation to the life o f the author, o f his race, and o f his age.
Even
such a, f imple plan o f study as this, should, I hope, aid teachers in
graded and country schools toward a finer appreciation o f the lit­
erary masterpieces which it may be their good fortune to teach—
toward that true appreciation o f the really fine, which is at the basis
o f all really successful teaching o f literature.

%msa
THUMB NAIL SKETCHES
By Students

I—THE APPLE WOMAN
Among the many people, busily going about their business in
the great city, one who held my attention fo r some time was a little
old apple woman, searching fo r a good place to display her wares.
She was clothed in a rusty brown dress, long and completely cov­
ering her ankles. From under the frayed edges o f her dress ap­
peared two tiny feet, clad in heavy, dark-brown, low-heeled shoes,
well fitted for her daily occupation o f walking up and down the
streets or standing on some busy corner. On her head she wore a
pmn.11 dark bonnet o f no particular color, which was ornamented
with a large black ribbon, which covered the entire hat in the back
and on the left side. Eeveral curly locks o f gray hair had escaped
from beneath her bonnet and clung to her forehead as if they loved
to nestle there. Her large blue eyes which one could imagine to
have been bright, beautiful and twinkling in her girlhood, were now
dim and sorrowful, and her face was furrowed with deep lines o f
care. Over her slightly stooped shoulders, she wore a black cape,
heavily embroidered in a style o f long ago. Her hands were small
and wrinkled and told a tale o f long years o f hard work and
drudgery.

II—THE GIRL
She is slight and thin, with scanty gray hair.

I often wonder

THE

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41

if she does not envy the girls their youthfulness. I imagine she has
had a rather hard road to travel, but she has a delightful laugh,
and can find pleasure in many things.
She is the kind o f person to whom I would instinctively go
with my troubles. She is outspoken, but knows what she is talking
about.
I have wondered if she ever had any romance in her life. When
she hears the other girls raving sentimentally I faney she looks a
bit wistful. I wish she would tell me about her girlhood.

III— THE HUNTER
In the suburbs o f a well known town lives. an old man. His
house, perhaps sixteen feet square, has but one room. It is sup­
ported by four barrels, one under each comer. Under the house
sits the trusty dog, waiting his master’s return. Presently up the
road comes the old man. Two gray eyes glitter like steel over
cheeks nearly as white as the hair which flows down to his shoul­
ders. His nose is long and sharp. His clothes are thread-bare. On
his head is a white sailor hat. He wears an old blue sailor suit, o f
which he is very proud. He has no stockings and his shoes are al­
most worn out. He is carrying an old coffee pot which he has
probably fished up on his walk. He appears to be continually hunt­
ing something, but what that something is no one seems to know.
Many contend that he has much money hidden in his little home,
but others deny this, declaring that he has scarcely enough to keep
him alive. Notwithstanding this he seems happy and contented
with his lot in his life o f solitude.

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