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Contents
Subject

Page

Admission of Students.................................................................. ................. .. 13, 14
Algebra....................................................................................................
.35
Arithmetic.......... ...............................................
-35
Attendance.............. . .................................................................... ■■■■■................. 48
Athletics......................................................... ................. .................. ............. , . • 44
Botany............................................................... ........................................ • • ,
■ ^32
Calendar ............
4
Chapel ...................................................................................... .. ■ • •.................... .40
Chemistry...........................................................................
Christian Association.....................................................................................
40
Committees of the Board of Trustees........................... ...................... ;............. 8
Correspondence........................................
49
Courses of Study. ........................................................................: . . ............... .. 17, 22
Diploma..........................
48
Discipline............................................... . . ■ ........................... .. .............................. 46
Drawing.. ..................................................................
. .............. ............. ..
.27
Elocution............. .. ■
. 1. . . . .
.. . .’..................................... . . .28
English................................
30
Examinations......................... ..
. ................ .. . ■ ..............................................20
Expenses........... ...........................,.......................................... .............................
Faculty.
........................... . • . .......................................v • ■ 10
Geography,........................................ .................................................; . ............... 34
Geology......................................... ................................... .... ■•................•...................34
Geometry..^......... ..............................................
35
History.............................................. • ■ ■ '............................. ■......... ........................ 34
Hygiene............ ......................................;...... . ....................... . ....................... 32
Laboratories................ !. . .............................................................................
.44
Latin..................................... ..,........................................................................... ...........31
Lecture Course. . . ........................................................
Library........ ............................................................................ •........................... ..
.42
Literary Societies..........................................................................
46
Museum............................................................... ■'.............................................. ..
42
Music.................................... ..............................................................................
26, 27
Northwestern State Normal School............................. .. .......;.................. 12
Object of the School...............
12
Officers...................................................
8
Pedagogy.......................................................... .............................
. . ....... .24
Physics...............
31
Physiology...................................................
32
Psychology......................... ............................. ............................................... -. . . . 24
State Board of Examiners............................... ................................................ . . 6
State Department of Public Instruction.
6
Students of the School................... ........................ ................. .... .51
Students’ Band.....................................
44
Suggestions to Prospective Students..........................
48
Text-Books............................................................. ■ ■ • ................. ..........................
Trigonometry............................................................................................ .•...............35
Trustees........... .......................................................................
7
Visitors.......................................................................................
46
Zoology. . . .'.................................. ......................... .. . : .......................................32

NORMAL HALL— ONE MORNING AFTER CHAPEL

Calendar for 1910-1911
- Tuesday, Sept. 6

Normal School Year begins
Thanksgiving Day

-

Fall Term ends

-

-

'

‘

-

"

"

Thursday, Nov. 24
Saturday, Dec. 17

HOLIDAY RECESS.
(Saturday, Dec. 17 to Monday, Jan. 2.)
Winter Term begins

-

-

-

Washington’s Birthday

-

-

"

'

Tuesday, Jan. 3
Wednesday, Feb. 22
Saturday, March 25

Winter Term ends
SPRING RECESS.
Spring Term begins
Decoration Day
State Examinations
Baccalaureate Sermon
Meeting of Alumni
Commencement Exercises

Tuesday, March 28
Wednesday, May 31
Week of June 19-24
Sunday, June 25
Tuesday, June 27
Wednesday, June 28

1

s

I

CONNEAUTTEE LAKE

..■j

5

\

State Department of Public Instruction
Superintendent of Public Instruction
Deputy Superintendents
High School Inspectors

NATHAN C. SCHAEFFER
/ ARCHIBOLD D. GLENN
\ REED B. TEITRICK
/ W. S. HERTZOG
\ e. D. KOCH

TWELFTH NORMAL SCHOOL DISTRICT.
Counties of Lawrence, Mercer, Venango, Crawford, and Erie.

^^w^ppp

State Board of Examiners for 1910
D. KOCH
.
Department of Public Instruction
M. PHILIPS, Principal
West Chester
G. LEWELLYN, Superintendent
Fayette County
. S. DEFFENBAUGH, Superintendent
Connellsville
B. ZIEGLER, Superintendent
Conshohocken
. N. EHRHART, Superintendent
Mahanoy City
. E. TOBlAS, Superintendent
- Clearfield County
E. HEETER, Superintendent
Clarion County

6

Trustees of the
Northwestern State Normal School
Erie

♦CASSIUS L. BAKER (1912)t

President.
Erie

CHARLES G. BREVILLIER (1913)

Secretary.
- Edinboro

DAVID H. WALKER (1911)
HARRY E. CULBERTSON, (1911)
NEWTON D. HAWKINS (1911)
♦JOHNSON WRIGHT (1911)

-

Edinboro
Edinboro
Edinboro

' -

♦HOMER B. ENSIGN (1911)

. Corydon

♦JAMES D. ROBERTS (1911)

Meadville

GEORGE TAYLOR (1912)

Edinboro

OLIVER P. REEDER (1912)

Edinboro

ANDREW A. CULBERTSON (1912)

-

Erie

♦HARRISON P. GILLETT (1912)

Erie

♦RICHARD H. ARBUCKLE (1912)

Erie

♦CLINTON D. HIGBY (1913)

Erie

♦DARWIN S. HARTER (1913)

Edinboro

♦IGNATIUS S. LAVERY (1913)

Edinboro

NED H. GOODELL (1913)

Edinboro

OREN A. AMIDON (1913)

Edinboro

The regular meetings of the Board of Trustees are held at the Normal
School on the first Saturday of each month at 2 o’clock p. m.
♦Appointed by the State.
fThe year his term expires.

7

Standing Committees
of the Board of Trustees
Instruction and Discipline.
CASSIUS L. BAKER (ex-officio)
CLINTON D. HIGBY
NED H. GOODELL

Grounds and Buildings.
OLIVER P. REEDER
DAVID H. WALKER
ANDREW A. CULBERTSON.

Library and Apparatus.
JAMES D, ROBERTS

HARRY E. CULBERTSON
HOMER B. ENSIGN.

Audit and Finance.
GEORGE TAYLOR

DARWIN R. HARTER
RICHARD H. ARBUCKLE

Household.
IGNATIUS S. LAVERY
JOHNSON WRIGHT
CHARLES G. BREVILLIER.

Supplies.
OREN A. AMIDON

HARRISON P. GILLETT
NEWTON D. HAWKINS

Other Officers
of the Grounds, Buildings, and School
Treasurer
Steward
Matron
Registrar

-

-

-

-

-

-

VERNON B. BILLINGS
CHARLES W. DUNDON

MRS. MARY HOTCHKISS
------- LAURA L. FRANCIS

SCIENCE HALL

HAVEN HALL

GYMNASIUM

REEDER HALL

J

9

Faculty*
JOHN F. BIGLER, A. B., A. M., Principal
- Meadville Street
History, Ethics, History of Education.
LEROY W. SACKETT, A. M., Ph. D. Meadville Street
Psychology, Methods, Superintendent of Model School.
WALTER J.

SNYDERj Sc. B. Physics, Chemistry, Zoology

Reeder Hall

HERMON SACKETT, A. B.
----Latin, French, Higher Mathematics.

Reeder Hall

ELIZABETH M-. ROBERTS, A. B.
Reeder Hall
Latin, German, Ancient and Mediaeval History.
IRA C. EAKIN, A. B.
'
Reeder Hall
■Logic, English Grammar, Physical Geography, Supervisor of Manual
Arts.
EMMA S. MOWREY, B. S.
English Language and Literature

Haven Hall

ORA M. THOMPSON, B. Pd.
- ^ - Normal Street
History, Mathematics, Civil Government.
IRA B. PEAVY, M. Pd.
Meadville Street
■ Arithmetic, Algebra, Bookkeeping, Orthography,
Botany, Custodian of Bookroom.
KATHERINE E. GRIFFIN
Reading and Elocution
MARY E. POWELL, M. E.
Penmanship, Dra-wing, Painting.

Haven Hall
-

Haven Hall

ELIZABETH F. AYERS
----Reeder Hall
Supervisor of Physical Training, Physiology and Hygiene.
EDWIN A. GOWEN Supervisor of Music, Piano, Organ, Voice.

Reeder Hall

OLIVIA J. THOMAS, A. B.
Assistant in Music, Piano, Voice.

Haven Hall

KAIRA M. STURGEON
----Haven Hall
Critic Teacher, Supervisor of Primary Teaching.
ANNIE L. WILSON, M. E

-

Librarian.

-

*A number of Teachers are added during the year.
10

Erie Street

JOHN F. BIGLER, A. M„ Principal

11

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Northwestern State Normal School
The Northwestern State Normal School is located at Edinboro, a pleasant town of 750 people. Electric cars running be­
tween Erie and Cambridge Springs pass through Edinboro. The
ride to the School is only twenty minutes from Cambridge Springs,
and one hour from Erie. Cars run every hour.
Just north of Edinboro, touching the borough limits, is
the beautiful Conneauttee Lake, a sheet of pure water fully a
mile long and over half a mile wide. The grounds of the Normal
School are in the southern part of the borough, five minutes
walk from the lake. Edinboro has churches of most of the lead­
ing denominations, thrifty business places, good streets, welllaid walks, neat and substantial homes, and is surrounded with
fine farms. The people of the borough are cultured, and con­
duct a good borough government. The climate is pleasant in
winter, and the flowers and trees make it beautiful in summer.
The water supply is pure and abundant.
In 1855 the people of Edinboro and vicinity established an
academy. It was liberally supported with both money and
students, and on January 23, 1861, the academy was made the
second normal school organized under the law of the State. By
reason of its location, it is called the Northwestern State Normal
School.
When the Normal School was organized, the grounds were
small, and there were only three buildings. Now there are ten
buildings, most of which are fine, large structures, and the
grounds have been extended until there are thirty-one acres, in­
cluding the athletic fields. Recently a beautiful hall for young
women, a large and well-equipped gymnasium, and an up-todate hall for young men have been built. The grounds are
planted with trees, shrubs, and flowers, and are well-kept.
OBJECT OF THE SCHOOL.
The purpose of the State in maintaining normal schools is
to aid in “the professional training of young men and women as
teachers for the common schools of the State.” By common
schools is meant the elementary schools and the high schools
12

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

maintained at public expense, and open to all. The principals
of the normal schools, with the co-operation and approval of
the department of public instruction of the State, determine
and adopt the course of study for the normal schools. Students
who take the course of study and the training given in normal
schools, and agree to teach in the common schools of the State for
two years, may receive aid from the State in preparing to teach.
This aid, while it depends upon the appropriation made biennially,
now equals the full tuition.
The State normal school is a professional school. The aim
of the school is to make the normal student as far as possible an
educator. The first requisite in the discharge of this function
is to inspire the student with the spirit of the true teacher.
The second requisite is that the normal student shall be
carefully led through the educational study of the subjects which
are taught in the public schools. In this way he learns how to
use each subject in the teaching process, and thereby learns the
method of teaching. The normal school is made professional,
not by the exclusion of these subjects from its course, but by
the inclusion of the educational study of them.
The third requisite is that the school shall lead the normal
student after the educational study of the subjects of the common
school curriculum through the broader study of man—-body and
mind, followed by a careful analysis of the art of teaching, school
organization, school government, school laws, and the history of
education.
The fourth requisite is that the normal student shall be led
to make a practical study of children. This work he does under
intelligent guidance in the model school.

REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION.
Young men and young women have equal opportunity as
students of the Northwestern State Normal School. The stu­
dent body is composed chiefly of those who are preparing to
teach in the common schools of the State. They are usually at
least seventeen years of age when they enter. This is the age at
which the State begins to aid them in preparing for teaching.
Younger persons may enter, and not infrequently persons of
13

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

mature age attend the Normal School for the purpose of adding
to their fitness to teach.
Parents who wish to send their children to the Normal School
while they are still doing work in the grades may do so, and they
will be enrolled in the model-school department, and here re­
ceive instruction and training under the direction of Professor
Leroy W; Sackett, who recently completed his study of teaching,
combined with large previous experience, in Clark University,
Worcester, Massachusetts, under Dr.. G. Stanley Hall.
Candidates for admission to the first year of the course of
study should have a fair knowledge of Reading, Writing, Spell­
ing, English Grammar, Geography, United States History, Civil
Government, Physiology and Hygiene, and the elements of
Algebra to quadratics. Unless creditable certificates are offered,
the candidate will be tested as to his knowledge in these subjects.
The Normal School exercises the right to know that all studehts
who graduate from the School, and are thus licensed to teach
in the common schools of the State, are capable of teaching
all the'subjects taught in these schools. If a student is de­
ficient in any of them, the work intrusted to the Normal School
by the State requires that the deficiency be made good; and the
welfare of the young teacher requires also that this be done.
ADVANCED STANDING.
It is the policy of the Northwestern State Normal School to
give its students credit for all the work which they have done on
the subjects of the course of study, and to correct any fault or
deficiency that may occur in their preparation for teaching.
A candidate for admission to the work of the junior year, or
the first year of the new course of study, may enter upon ex­
amination given by the faculty, or upon accepted certificate.
If admission is desired to the work of any year beyond the junior
year, or the first year of the new course of study, it may be ob­
tained by presenting a recommendation for the higher standing
from the State board of examiners who hold examinations
annually in June at the Normal School, or by presenting certi­
ficates from approved high schools, or other institutions of learn­
ing. Candidates who have received the equivalent of a good
high-school education, and those who have received part of
14

CORRIDOR IN HAVEN HALL

ei

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

such preparation, will be given credit for the work they have
done. Proper evidence of the work done should be presented
to the Principal on applying for advanced admission.
A candidate who enters the Normal School on certificate
will be conditioned in any subject of the course of study taken
in which he is found to be deficient. Opportunity, however,
will be given him to make up the deficiency.
Preparedness for teaching, and not alone time spent in the
school, is the essence of the requirement for graduation from the
Normal School.
Any graduate of a four years’ course in a college approved
by the University Council, who desires to procure a normal
school diploma, may be graduated after spending one year at
the Normal School in the study of subjects pertaining to teaching
and in special training in the model school.

16

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Courses of Study
REGULAR COURSE.
Adopted November 8, 1900.

PRELIMINARY REQUIREMENTS.
Physiology, Political Geography, Spelling, and Writing, completed;
Algebra through radicals; Drawing one term; Arithmetic, English Gram­
mar, and Reading, as in ordinary text-books.
JUNIOR YEAR.*
Pedagogics: School Management.
Language: English Grammar, Reading,

Orthography,

Latin to

CcBsar.
Mathematics: Arithmetic, Algebra.
Natural Science: Physiology.
Historical Science: Geography, United States History, Civil Govern­
ment of Pennsylvania and the United States.
Arts: Pennmanship—an approved system with a fair handwriting.
Drawing—daily lessons for twenty weeks. Vocal Music—elementary
principles and daily exercises for ten weeks. Bookkeeping—single entry
with knowledge of common business forms.
Physical Culture.
MIDDLE YEAR.
Pedagogics: Psychology, Methods of Teaching.
Language: Rhetoric and Composition, Elocution, three books of
Caesar.
Mathematics: Plane Geometry.
Natural Science: Elements of Chemistry, Zoology, and Botany.
Historical Science: General History.
Arts: Manual Training.
Physical Culture.
*Candidates for admission to the work of the junior year may enter
upon examinations given by the faculty, also upon accepted certificates.
17

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL

SENIOR YEAR.
Pedagogics:

History of Education, Methods of Teaching, Practice

of Teaching in Model School (twenty weeks, forty-five minutes daily).
Language: Literature and Classics, three orations of Cicero, three
books of Virgil, review of English Grammar.
Mathematics: Solid Geometry, Plane Trigonometry, Surveying, and
review of Arithmetic.
Natural Science:
Physical Culture.

Physics, Geology.

SUBSTITUTIONS*
Junior Year: German or French for Latin.
Middle Year: German or French for Latin or Chemistry.
Senior Year: English History, Ethics, Logic, German, or French,
for Latin; German or French for Solid Geometry or Trigonometry and
Surveying. .
*These substitutions will be permitted to be made by candidates for
advanced admission. Students who do the work in the Normal School
are strongly urged to take the regular course.

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

AT WORK IN THE LIBRARY

19

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL,

RULES FOR EXAMINATION AND ADMISSION IN REGULAR
COURSE.
Candidates for admission to middle year or to senior year
are admitted by examination, given by the State board of
examiners at the Normal School in June.
Admission to the middle year is by examination in the
subjects of the junior year, except Arithmetic and English Gram­
mar*. Candidates who have not prepared in the Normal School
are admitted by examination, given by the faculty and the State
board of examiners, in the subjects of the junior year, except
Arithmetic, English Grammar*, and in either Plane Geometry
or Latin, including the first book of C*sar, and they must add
School Management to the required subjects for the middle year.
Admission to the senior year is by examination in the sub­
jects of the middle year, except Methods. Candidates who have
not prepared in the Normal School are admitted by examination,
given by the faculty and the State board of examiners, in the
subjects preceding the work of the senior year, except Arithmetic
and English Grammar*, and they must add the prior professional
subjects to the work of the senior year.
A candidate who gains a recommendation for admission
from the State board of examiners may have the standing cer­
tified to another normal school and enter there, if he desires.
Failure to get recommendation for admission in one normal
school is failure in all for that year.
Candidates for graduation may be examined in subjects
in addition to the course, and have them placed on their cer­
tificates. Subjects may be added after graduation.
Attendance of at least one year is required to graduate.
*Arithmetic and English Grammar are reviewed in the senior year,
and are always included in the examination for graduation.

20

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Northwestern

state

NORivtAL

ScNooL

New Course of Study
Adopted April 21, 1910.
(Students entering the Normal School may take this Course).

FIRST YEAR.
„ , .
^

^

Number of
45-minute Periods.

Reading and Public Speaking.............................................................................. 50
Orthography..................................
40
Arithmetic.. ................................................................................................................ 100
Physical Geography......................'............................................... ........................ 50
English Grammar..............................................................................
.160
Algebra....................................................
160
Latin .....................
160
Ancient and Mediaeval History....................................................................... .. . 100
Physical Training..................................................................................................... 80
Manual Training or Domestic Science............................................................... 50
Vocal Music...................................................
50
School Management and School Law................................................................ .160
SECOND YEAR.
English and Modern European History............ ................................................ 100
Rhetoric, Composition, and Classics.................................................................. 160
Plane Geometry...........................
160
Caesar..................................................................................................................
160
Zoology........................................................................................................................ 50
Bookkeeping...................
50
Botany............................
100
Drawing. . .....................................................................................................................100
Manual Training or Domestic Science............................................................... 50
Physical Training.................
80
General Method....................
160
THIRD YEAR.
Geography. .....................................................................
80
United States History and Civil Government....................
80
American and English Literature........................................................................100
Cicero, German, or French*.................................................................................. 160
*History of Art and History of Sciences may be substituted with
permission of Principal.
22

Northwestern

Subjects.
Physiology, Hygiene, and School Sanitation...
Solid Geometry and Trigonometry*...................
Physics.. ...............................................................
Psychology and Observation of Teaching........
Physical Training......................................................
Method in His*ory and Geography.....................

state normal school

Number of
45-minute Periods.
•

...................... 80
........................... 160
.............................160
........................... 160
........................... 80
........................... 100

FOURTH YEAR.
Number of
45-minute Periods

Subjects.
Arithmetic—Review...........................................
English Grammar—Review..............................
Chemistry.................................................................
Nature Study and Agriculture...........................
Virgil, German, or French.f................................
Elocution—Public Speaking...............................
History of Education............................................
Method in Arithmetic and English Grammar
Drawing........ ............................................................
Manual Training or Domestic Science........... ..
Physical Training...................................................
Teaching in Model School....................................

........................... 50
........................... 50
• •.......................160
........................... 100
........................... 160
........................... 50
........................... 100
........................... 50
........................... 50
........................... 50
........................... 80
........................... 160
♦Geology and Astronomy may be substituted with permission of
Principal.
fWith advice of Principal, Ethics, Logic, and Sociology or Philos­
ophy of Education and Surveying may be substituted.
Candidates for advanced standing may make the substitutions- but
students taking the work in the Normal School are strongly urged to
pursue the regular course.

2.3

northwestern state normal school.

Pedagogy and Teachers’ Training

The aim of the work in pedagogy and the training of teachers
is two-fold—to acquaint the student with the best historical and
experimental literature upon the subject with special reference
to various systems of teaching, which have been evolved in the
past and are now finding favor among educators, and to furnish
practical experience in the model school for those who have never
taught. The training is conducted under supervision, and is
made the occasion for helpful criticism by teachers and associate
students. It is also drawn on largely for illustrations in the
study of Methods.
Psychology forms the background for all work in Pedagogy
and Training, and should logically precede it. Special emphasis
is placed on the psychology of the child-mind and the laws of
its development. The new science of School Hygiene, not only as
to sanitary equipment, danger of contagion, care of the eyes, etc.,
but also the hygiene of the curriculum, of methods, and of other
more psychological factors, is treated as fully as time permits.
How to deal with slow, dull, and incorrigible children is made
a special topic with special methods. Such subjects as school
organization, school discipline, school management, etc., are
each treated in one or more special lessons with collateral read­
ings and discussions. The various agencies for child welfare are
passed in review, to see how the teacher can co-operate with
them and how they may be of service to schools. A special hour
is set apart for private consultation with students on individual
problems and difficulties. This will be found most helpful to
students, and will illustrate somewhat the Batavia system of
class individual instruction.
The idea that knowledge of a subject is all that is necessary
for teaching is no longer practicable. Likewise, the custom of
basing methods on logical sequence alone is questionable. The
needs of the child, from the standpoint of the child, are the final
appeal in all teaching.
24

A CLASS IN MUSIC

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

GENERAL METHOD.
The aim in Method is to instruct the student in the general
principles underlying education and effective teaching. It forms
the basis of the instruction in the courses in special methods, for
it fixes the rules which determine the value, position, arrange­
ment, and treatment of the various subjects studied.
This work has to do with the meaning, necessity, and aims
of education; with apperception, attention, interest, memory,
judgment, reason, and habit in education; with the periods of
child development; with the means, ideals, and methods of
instruction; with physical education; and with the hygiene of
instruction.
HISTORY OF EDUCATION.
The study of this subject gives the student a clear view of
the general trend and progress of education. It helps him to
reason from cause to effect, to find the significant principles
in educational systems, to make some acquaintance with educa­
tional reformers, and to appreciate in a measure the forces that
are operative in our own education era.

SUPERVISOR’S COURSE IN MUSIC.
This course in music is one especially adapted to school
work. It requires two years to complete the course. Students
who have studied music before entering the Normal School will
be allowed credit for the work they have done. One year at
least must be spent in the Normal School.
The regular work of the course embraces one year’s study
of piano. Voice Culture and Singing continue through the course.
The work includes the study of Notation, Sight Reading, Ear
Training, Harmony, History of Music, Musical Form, Chorus
Practice, Method in Music, Psychology, Training in the Model
School, History of Education.
To those students who have talent for this kind of work, the
supervisor’s course in music offers excellent opportunity for
advancement. The professional studies in the department of
pedagogy combine favorably with the work in music, and de­
26

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

velop a broader ability in the student for the work of teaching
music in public schools.
ADVANCED WORK IN MUSIC.
The department of music affords special opportunity for
advanced work in music. A complete course in music may be
taken. This may include all of the work usually embraced in
such course, with such special work as the particular student
may desire, ether instrumental or vocal.

SUPERVISOR’S COURSE IN DRAWING.
The following special course is offered those who wish to
prepare for the work of supervisor of drawing:
FIRST YEAR.
Exercises in Ink and Brush Work
Freehand Drawing
Constructive Drawing.
Perspective Drawing.
Blackboard Drawing.
Historic Ornament.
Theory of Design.
Water-Color Painting.
Methods of Drawing.
Theory of Color.
Training in Model School.
History of Art.
Psychology of the Content, Grammar, and Technique of Drawing.
SECOND YEAR.
Geometrical Drawing.
RaiBa Work, Basketry, Sewing.
Theory of Design.
Time Sketches in Pencil and
Charcoal.
Psychology of Form—Its Place in
Education.

Constructive Drawing.
Clay Modeling.
Water-Color Painting.
Graded Illustrative Work.
History of Art.
Details of Supervision.
Training in Model School.

VOCAL EXPRESSION.
The department of expression aims to develop imagination,
sympathy, concentration, and continuity of thought; to develop
the student’s love and appreciation of literature; to present
proper methods of dealing with the vocal interpretation of various
forms of literature; to teach the student how to give practical,
27

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

oral, and written expression to his own constructive thinking;
to acquire for the student correct and cultured speech; to free
all avenues of expression, so that thought and feeling may speak
through them directly and convincingly.
For the young men special emphasis is placed on extem­
poraneous speaking, to secure directness in presentation, cor­
rectness and fluency in speech, and good carriage of the body.
They are also taught the principles of debating and public
speaking.

SPECIAL COURSE IN ELOCUTION.
FIRST YEAR.
Physical Culture—Exercises for health, strength, and beauty. Proper
standing, sitting, walking, etc. Responsive drill. Pantomime.
Voice Culture—Physiological study of the instrument of voice;
correct breathing; exercises to develop freedom, resonance, range, purity,
and radiation.
Expression—Volumes I and II, Evolution of Expression; ana­
lytical and interpretive study of selections in these volumes; biographies.
Shakespeare—Literary and interpretive study of “As You Like It.”
Gesture—Study of gesture in its relation to expression. Exercises
to develop freedom of body; the principles of affirmation and negation;
modes of motion; planes of gesture, etc.; critical study of the hand and
foot.
SECOND YEAR.
Physical culture—Continuation of first year’s work; aesthetic drills;
Emerson system of physical culture; pantomime; responsive drill.
Voice culture—^Work along atmospheric lines; animation, smooth­
ness, simplicity; review physiology of voice; exercises for musical qual­
ity of the speaking voice.
Shakespeare—Literary and interpretive study of “Hamlet” and
“Merchant of Venice.”
Expression—Volumes II and IV, Evolution of Expression; recitals.
Impersonation—Theory and philosophy of the subject; examples
and practice.
Gesture—Continuation of first year’s work; practical application
of the same.
Dramatic Art—Rules of stage management; play rehearsals; make
up.
Oratory—Public speaking, impromptu and prepared addresses;
debate.
28

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

northwestern state normal school.

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE.
Language as a mode of expression of thought—language
of action and conventional language, sign, oral, and written—is
studied from the teacher’s standpoint; the spoken word, its
elementary sounds, syllabification, and accent, with their bear­
ing upon correct pronunciation; the written word, the relation
between sound and symbol, and their bearing upon correct spell­
ing; etymology, briefly as a key to the meaning of new words;
elementary composition, oral and written, with reference to
choice of words, letter-writing, social forms, and general con­
struction.
The student is led to a course of individual reading with
careful study of selected works, discussion of themes, practice
in writing and speaking, leading to the development of literary
sense and the power of literary expression. In the study of the
history of the language simple types of narrative, emotional, and
reflective poems are used. More elaborate poetry is studied. In
the study of prose, the writings of Bacon, Addison, Lamb, Ir­
ving, De Quincey, Ruskin, and Emerson are included.
The prime object in the study of language and literature is
to know the language and literature, to be able to use the language
in its fullest and most beautiful sense, and to develop the ability
and taste to know what is good literature, and to enjoy it.
The study of Literature includes the following course in
reading and study;
Junior Year.—The Sir Roger de Coverley Papers in The
Spectator; Goldsmith’s The Vicar of Wakefield; Lowell’s The
Vif?ion of Sir Launfal; Coleridge’s The Ancient Mariner; and
Franklin’s Autobiography.
Middle Year.—Scott’s Ivanhoe; George Eliot’s Silas Marner;
Irving’s Life of Goldsmith; Shakespeare’s As You Like It; and
Tennyson’s Gareth and Lynette, Lancelot and Elaine.
Senior Year.—Burke’s Speech on Conciliation with America;
Webster’s First Bunker Hill Oration; Scott’s Lady of the Lake;
Macaulay’s Life of Johnson; Milton’s Lycidas, Comus, L’Allegro,
II Penseroso;■ Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice; and Tenny­
son’s Idylls of the King.
30

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

LATIN.
This subject is studied mainly for the purpose of increasing
the power of expression in English by careful and accurate
translation; also by constant study of etymology and derivation
to gain a knowledge of the meaning of English words derived
from Latin. A greater linguistic resource can be acquired by
studying two languages than by studying one, and as Latin
answers all of the demands for a good language to study with
English, it keeps its place as a part of the work of the student
in language study.
PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY.
Students first take up the qualitative study of the elements
of these .subjects to become acquainted with the underlying
principles. They learn to interpret common phenomena—^the
production of dew, fog, clouds, rain, frost and snow, ocean and
atmospheric currents, land and sea breezes, floating of ice, tides,
rainbow, twilight, eclipses, echoes, lightning; and to under­
stand common instruments, machines, and processes—pumps,
siphon, waterworks, barometer, thermometer, heating of build­
ings, production of artificial cold, use of double walls and win­
dows, musical instruments, steam and gas engines, microscope,
electric bell, telegraph, telephone, electric lighting, wireless
telegraphy, flying machine. Following the qualitative work
and its usefulness and value as an instrument of education,
quantitative work is taken up—general measurements and in the
mechanics of solids and gases, graphical expression of results,
solution of problems and practice in the preparation of and
presentation of subjects, followed by the study jof important
principles in acoustics, optics, heat, magnetism, and electricity;
solution of problems; laying out of subjects; preparation of
apparatus and teaching by students; collateral reading and
acquaintance with best books on physics.
The work in chemistry is begun by the laboratory study of
air, fire, water; of alkalis, acids, salts; of common metals and
alloys. This is followed by the study of common minerals,
rocks, and soils, with application to agriculture. Constant cor­
relation with elementary chemistry, geography, and nature
31

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

study is had. The uses of mineral bodies in manufacturing and
building, and for decorative purposes; of minerals, rocks, and
soils in their relation to plants, animals, and man are studied.
Laboratory exercises are given, to teach the method of deter­
mining the physical and chemical properties of mineral sub­
stances, to learn how to organize chemical facts for a practical
purpose, and to gain breadth of chemical knowledge and mastery
of laboratory technique.
BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY.
This work includes the study of seed distribution and germ­
ination, plant growth and habits, the influence of adaptibility in
competition, cohesion and adnation in production of seeds, the
common trees, lichens, mosses, and ferns, the land birds of the
vicinity, the metamorphosis of insects, and lessons on domestic
animals. Plants from the simple to the more complex types are
studied; also the power of adaptibility of each type, experiments
in growth, digestion and plant propagation, and analysis of
plants, followed by microscopic study of types in each division
of flowerless plants, tracing the advance in vegetative and
reproductive structure.
The types of animals are studied; variations of each type
in its adaptation to environment; plans of development and
general classification. Students may pursue the study to in­
clude field and laboratory study of the life of animals, which
may be recorded and illustrated, with practice in preparing
mounts for microscopic study.
PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE.
The following lines of work are pursued:
The study of the human body as a whole, for its external
and structural parts, its general plan, and its building materials.
Laboratory work, for a knowledge of tissues, scructures, and
processes.
The various systems of the body—the essential facts of
anatomy, the functions of the various systems and organs, the
fundamental laws of health, with special attention to the di­
gestive and nervous systems.
Effect of alcohol and narcotics.
32

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Foods and food values.
The principles of sanitary science—ventilation and heating;
plumbing and drainage; water and milk supply; bacteria in
relation to disease; contagion and infectious diseases; school
hygiene.
GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY.
What the earth is and how changes are wrought, and the
agencies producing changes in the crust of the earth, are taken
up. The theories of the structure of the earth are studied, with
emphasis on local geology. Each student studies rocks and
soils, make collections, and classifies them.
In geography the following subjects are studied:
The earth as a planet, the underlying principles of astro­
nomical geography, including the effects of the earth’s rotation
and revolution.
■ The atmosphere—laws of climate, the ocean as a modifier
of continents and climate, and a great commercial highway,
the evolution of topographic forms and the uses which man
makes of them, the people in their industrial and institutional
life, important facts of locational geography, with study of
reference books, pictures, maps, charts, and instruments.

HISTORY.
A brief study is made of English institutions which have
shaped our history, of the conditions of the Old World which led
to the settlement of America.
In the study of American history the great periods of de­
velopment are recognized and made the basis of the work.
Political and industrial conditions and sociological influences
are taken into account in determining the problem to be worked
out. The great crises, the influence of leaders, the relations of
the environment to the activities of the people, and the final
result at the time and its bearing on the future, are considered.
The chief purpose being to understand the great movements in
history, and to apply what is learned to the understanding of
the social problems of to-day, to emphasize the value of civic
service on the part of each individual.

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

In the study of General History, the larger aim is to learn
the principles of historical development, as derived from the
development of human society in the Oriental, Classic, and
Teutonic nations.
ARITHMETIC AND ALGEBRA.
The utility of Arithmetic demands that it be well taught.
It is one of the two common branches that is continued through
the course of study and made one of the subjects in the final
examinations. The principles of the subject are clearly taught
and accuracy and skill are attained in the computations. The
best methods of producing these results in scholars of the com­
mon schools, and the great need of making this branch of study
always accurate and available, are impressed upon those pre­
paring to teach. Students are taught the applications of arith­
metic .
The practical value of algebra is emphasized in solving
problems from arithmetic, geography, physics, and other sub­
jects in the course of study . Algebra is considered as an ex­
tension of arithmetic, and also as preliminary study to higher
mathematics.
GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY.
The definitions of forms are clearly established. Geometric
forms in nature and architecture are observed. Syllogistic
reasoning is explained and applied. Typical propositions are
used to illustrate. The axiom is studied in all its bearings.
The principles of the subject are carefully explained and demon­
strated. Upon this basis observational, inventional, and demon­
strative geometry is considered, with special attention to the
correlation of arithmetic, algebra, and geometry. Geometry is
applied to practical life with reference to facts and principles
used in the industries.
The principles of Trigonometry are applied to finding dis­
tance, and areas.
TEXT BOOKS.
The Normal School has a bookroom. Students may pur­
chase the text-books used in the school at a little above the whole­
35

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

sale price, or rent them at a small cost. It is better for students
to own the more important text-books, for after they have
studied them the books will have a special value to them.
The following list includes the text-books used in the school,
but changes are made whenever other books will better serve
the purpose of the school:
Arithmetic—Durrell and Robbins, Dubbs, Hamilton, Went­
worth. Algebra—Durrell and Robbins, Wentworth, Milne; As­
tronomy—Young; Bookkeeping—Saddler and Rowe; Botany—
Andrew; Chemistry of Soils—McBride; Civil Government—
Higby; Drawing—Prang: English Grammar; Reed and Kellogg;
Ethics—Peabody; French—Chardenal; Geography—Tarr and
McMurray, Maury; Geology—Brigham; German—Kayser and
Monteser; Geometry—Wentworth, Durrell; United States His­
tory—Montgomery; English History—Manchester; General
History—Myers; History of English Literature—Halleck; His­
tory of Education—Seeley; Latin—Pearson, Allen and Greenough; Logic—Hill-Jevons; Methods of Instruction—Garlick;
Physics—Hoadley; Physiology—Culler; Psychology—Halleck,
Dexter and Garlick; Reading—Emerson’s Expression; Rhetoric
—Lockwood and Emerson, Brooks and Hubbard; Trigonometry
and Surveying—Wentworth; Vocal Music—Educational Music
Course; Zoology—^Herrick.
The following text-books will be used the coming year in
the department of Pedagogy and Teachers’ Training:
The Educative Process—Bagley; Class room Management—
Bagley; Principles of Education—Thorndike: Social Education
—Scott; School Hygiene—Shaw; Fundamentals of Child Study
—Kirkpatrick; Youth: Its Education, Regimen and Hygiene—
Hall; Essays on Educational Reformers—Quick; History of
Education—Monroe.

36

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

CUP WON IN CONTEST BETWEEN LITERARY SOCIETIES

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

EXPENSES
School
Year
Of Student Living in the School;
41 Weeks
Tuition, Board, Furnished room, Heat,
Light, and Enrollment Fee’*' (not including
laundry)......................................................... $222 00
After deducting State Aidt...........................160 •'>0
Of student not Living in the School:
Tuition and Enrollment Fee......................... 67 50
After deducting State Aid ................ ...............
(At present Model
Of Student in Model School.
Of Special StudentJn Music:
._____
Full Course..
........... .. . . •....................... t .$75 00
Class Lessons, Two in a Class:
Two Lessons per week, Instrumental or
Vocal......................
45 00
One Lesson per week, Instrumental or
Vocal.............................
28 50
Private Lessons:
Two Lessons per week, Instrumental or
Vocal............................................................... 54 00
One Lesson per week. Instrumental or
Vocal............................................................... . • 36 00
Lessons in Harmony and Counterpoint
(2 per week) .................................................. H 50
Solfeggio. Sight Reading, History of
Music, etc. (1 lesson a week) each........... 4 50
Rent of Piano (1 period, 40 min. a day) . . 6 00
Rent of Piano (2 periods a day)............... 9
00
Rent of Piano (3 periods a day).....................12 00
Public School Music.......................................... 30
00
Of Special Student in Art or Elocution:
Two lessons per week....................................... 41 00
One lesson per week.......................................... 22
00
Supervisor’s Course in Drawing.................... 27
00

Spring
p
Winter
Fall
Term
Term
Term
Week
15 Weeks 12 Weeks 14 Weeks
$80 00
57 50

$66 50
48 50

$75 50
54 50

$5 75
4 25

24 50

20 00
2 00

23 00

1 50

2 00

$26 00

$24 00

$25 00

$2 50

16 00

14 00

15 00

1 25

10 50

8 50

9 50

19 00

17 00

18 00

1 50

13 00

11 00

12 00

1 00

4 00

3 50

4 00

30

1 50

1 50

1
2
3
4

50
00
00
00

15
15

1 25
80

2 00

School Students are admitted free.)

2 00

2 00

3 00
4 00
11 00

3 00
4 00
9 00

10 00

14 00
7 50
10 00

13 00
7 00
8 00

14 00
7 50
9 00

*An enrollment fee of $2.00 a term is charged students, which pays for the Lecture
Course. Students for a half term or less pay half the term enrollment fee; for more
than a half term, the full term enrollment fee.
fFor each student over seventeen years of age who shall sign an agreement binding
himself to teach in the common schools of the State two full annual terms, there shall be
paid $1.50 a week in full payment of tuition, provided that during the time allowance is
drawn he shall receive instruction in the science and art of teaching. Only students tak­
ing the regular course of study, and such other students as are preparing to teach, are
eligible to State aid. This aid, while it depends on the appropriation made biennially,
now equals the tuition in the regular course.

Payment of tuition, board, etc., is required to be made
each term in advance (one-half the term expense may be paid on
entering, and the other half at middle of term, if desired).
Students pay for books, stationery, sheet music, and ma­
terials used in the laboratory. These articles are furnished by
the school at a little above the wholesale price.
No deduction will be made for absence, except table board,
if a student is absent two weeks or more from satisfactory cause.
No deduction will be made to students entering within the first
week, or leaving within the last two weeks, of the term.
38

N O R T H W E S T E R N STA TE NORM AL SCHOOL.

B

NOR'THWESTERN

state normal school.

EXERCISES IN CHAPEL.
The students of the school meet each morning and take
part in religious exercises. These exercises are of the broadest
nature and are wholly non-sectarian. The singing is under
the direction of the Supervisor of the department of music.
Special attention is given at these meetings to the teaching
of moral and social duties. Crowded as school courses are now,
with so much to learn, the teacher is pressed for time. He can
not give attention in class-room to the bearing which knowledge
has on life, or to the teaching of lessons in righteousness.
With all this press for time, we should not let morality
stand as a mere article in the educational creed; it should be
made a working principle in educational practice. The moral
and ethical side of life is a matter of education. Horace Mann,
in his teaching, insisted that education is the only force that
can elevate character.
It is not well to permit a decadence of moral fiber. Students
should be taught to know what is right, and to have the will
to do it. The exercises in chapel in which the whole school
take part, are particularly helpful in this regard. The busy
class-room deals with the intellectual content of the curriculum;
but the exercises in chapel, the work of the societies of the school,
and the religious meetings of the students, help to keep the life
of the school up to the ideal of Doctor Arnold of Rugby, who
taught that the highest ethical results come from active moral
thoughtfulness and devotion to duty.
CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION.
. The normal school is conducted in the belief that Christian
faith is a Light that illumines the way to the highest culture,
and it uses the means which foster a Christian life in its students.
The school is non-sectarian in its management and instruction.
The students are expected to attend the church which they
would attend if they were at home, and to attend the religious
exercises of the school.
The students have religious organizations—the young men,
the Yotmg Men’s Christian Association, and the young women,
the Young Women’s Christian Association. There is also a
40

northwestern state normal school.

STUDENT BOARD OF THE Y.

41

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Young People’s Missionary Society, and the Students’ Prayer
Meeting is held every Sunday evening at six o’clock.

LECTURE COURSE.
A course of lectures and entertainments suited to the work
of the school is given the students each year. Men and women
of ability present to them on these occasions high ideals of life.
It is best perhaps to travel, to visit places of interest, and to see
great men and women in their home surroundings; but the
next best thing—and something that students may all have the
benefit of—is to bring learned men and women, and represen­
tations of things and places of interest, to the students, so that
they may see them and hear them, and thus widen their knowledge
of the true and beautiful things of the world.
The enrollment fee, which students pay on entering the
normal school, -is used to defray the expense of maintaining the
lecture course. By so doing, all the students of the school have
the pleasure and advantage of this instruction.
LIBRARY.
The library of the Normal School contains 12,000 volumes.
The books have been chosen with much care. They are chiefly
educational. The books are catalogued, and the librarian who
is present in the library during the entire day, assists students
in the choice of books, and in finding any date that they may
need in the preparation of their lessons.
The large room is well-lighted, and is provided with con­
veniences for study, and students are permitted to use the room
for that purpose.
MUSEUM.
The museum contains the Ennis collection, and a large
number of interesting specimens which have been added from
time to time. A collection of marine invertebrates from the
Smithsonian Institution has been recently received.
42

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

LABORATORIES.
The school is supplied with apparatus suited to the study
of physics, chemistry, geology, and mineralogy, and globes, maps
and other apparatus for geographical study. The industrial
laboratory is furnished with manual training benches, tools, and
special apparatus. The drawing rooms have tables for drawing
and fine examples of casts and models for teaching the various
departments of manual arts.
STUDENTS’ BAND.
Among the young men who attend the Normal School there
are many who play some instrument, and also a number who
have musical talent, but who have never improved it any. These
conditions have given the school a Students’ Band. It owns
its own instruments, and its creditable reputation extends even
beyond the school.
Young men who attend the Normal School may join this
band, and take part in the study and practice of music which it
conducts. A member of the faculty is director, and the band
always takes part in the musical exercises of the school. Very
often it plays on public occasions in the town, and at places
within convenient distance from the school.
ATHLETIC RECREATION.
The large grounds of the Normal School furnish excellent
facilities for out-door sports—^baseball, football, tennis, and
track athletics. These sports are conducted by the students,
under the direction of a committee of the faculty. Student
teams of baseball and basketball vie with each other for supre­
macy, and on proper occasions contest with other schools.
The young ladies have their tennis courts, and basketball
teams, and take a lively interest in the athletic exercises of the
school.
In the work of the gymnasium the whole field of gymnastics
suited to school work is covered. The director in this depart­
ment is particularly well fitted for the work, and is an accom­
plished athlete herself. The new gymnasium is finely equipped
with modem apparatus.
44

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

PHILO SOCIETY GROUP

45

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

LITERARY SOCIETIES.
The rhetorical and literary work of the school is greatly
encouraged by the four literary societies—the Potter, Philo,
Clionian, and Agonian. The membership of each society is
limited to fifty. This is as large a number of students as can be
in a society and gi ve to each member opportunity to do a proper
amount of work. As membership is gained by good standing in
the school, there is some strife and an honor in joining one of
these bodies. Practically every student becomes a member for
a year or more before graduating from the school.
All of the literary societies are managed by the student
members under the advice and with the assistance of the faculty.
They each have a private room, fitted up and furnished neatly,
in which they hold the meetings, except those open to the public.
These meetings are held in Normal Hall. The public exercises
of the societies reflect credit upon the students.
The work consists of the usual parliamentary training of
such bodies, reading of essays, conducting of debates, delivery
of declamations, and the staging of easy plays of literary value.
At the close of each year the four societies meet in a joint con­
test, consisting of orations, essays, and debates. The work of
the year is largely stimulated by this final effort, and much
creditable work is done.
VISITORS AND CORRESPONDENCE.
The Normal School is always open to the public. Parents
and friends of students, school directors, superintendents, teach­
ers, and any others who are interested in seeing the method and
work of the school, *are .cordially invited to come at thdr convience, and to introduce young persons of promise who may
desire to avail themselves of its advantages.
Superintendents and principals of schools may help young
people who have the aptitude and fitness for the work by en­
couraging them to attend the Normal School and make special
preparation for teaching.
DISCIPLINE.
The discipline of the school is as nearly voluntary as
possible. Students are expected to conduct themselves properly
46

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

A SOCIETY BASKET BALL TEAM

47

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

to do without compulsion what is expected of ladies and gentle­
men, and to refrain from improprieties.
REGULAR ATTENDANCE.
Regular and punctual attendance is required of every
member of the school. Such attendance is doubly helpful to
the student, it assures him most from his school work and forms
the habit of industry which promotes success in whatever he
undertakes.
Students must not make arrangements involving absence
from any school exercise, without previously obtaining permis­
sion. Students who are necessarily absent must make up the
work. Punctual return after any recess or vacation is necessary
in order to do the work required.
When a student finds it necessary to withdraw from the
school, he must return the books and other property of the
school and receive regular dismission.
NORMAL DIPLOMA.
A graduate in the regular course is given a certificate in
which are named the subjects in which he has been found qual­
ified. This certificate licenses him to teach in the common
schools of the State for two years without further examination.
After teaching the two years he may receive a certificate of
competency in the practice of teaching. This diploma licenses
him to teach in the common schools of the State for life.
SUGGESTIONS TO PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS.
Indecision keeps more young people from becoming suc­
cessful than obstacles do.
If you want an education, begin by doing well the work of
your home school, and then go to a higher institution of learning.
The Northwestern State Normal School invites you to become
one of its students. . It offers you a pleasant and accessible
location, fine buildings, large and beautiful grounds, a good
library, a new and fully equipped gymnasium, liberal courses
48

AGONIAN SOCIETY GROUP

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

of study, helpful instruction, a fine student body, board and
room at a very low cost, and the State will aid you in the matter
of tuition.
If you live in one of the Halls, which is required by the
school, unless you room outside the school by special arrange­
ment, you will have the benefit of the association of the larger
number of students, will become better acquainted with the
teachers, and will be able, to give all of your time to your studies.
Students, rooming in one of the Halls, furnish their own
table napkins, towels, sheets, and pillow cases. It is well to
bring the more important text-books that you used in school.
You will find it convenient to have them with you. The usual
reference books and tools for a student’s table will be found very
convenient.
It is best to enter at the opening of the school year, but
if you do not find it convenient to do so, begin at the opening of
any term. The school will admit you, however, whenever you
come.
When you reach the trolley line at either Cambridge Springs
or Erie, check your trunk to Normal School, Edinboro, and it
will be put off the car at the school. On arriving go to the
office of the school. There you will receive all instructions
needed.

50

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Students*
GRADUATES OF 1910.

Females.
...................... Kincaid,
... .Conneaut Lake,
....................... Girard,
. .............. Edinboro,
..................... Edinboro,
........................... Kane,
............. .. Union City,
.......................McKean,
........... ..
Franklin,
................... Meadville,
................... Greenville,
.Cambridge Springs,
........... Union City,
.................. Corydon,
............. Centerville,
........... Kennerdell,
..................... Edinboro,
............. Guys Mills,
.Cambridge Springs,
.............. Cochranton,
..............................Erie,
......................... Girard,
............................ Utica,
..................... Riceville,
. . ................. Franklin,
..................... Edinboro,
......... .Saegertown,
..............................Erie,
Cambridge Springs,
................... Meadville,
..................... Edinboro,
................ Kennerdell,
........... .. . Linesville,

Achenbach, Lucile.........
Adsit, Violet..................
Alden, Mabel................. ..
Austin, Velma...............
Amidon, Etbel..............
Bailey, Viola............. .. •
Baldwin, Choice...........
Baron, Gertrude.............
Bartruff, Jeanette....
Bentley, Edna B.........
Brown, Gertrude K. . .
Carrier, Editb................
Carroll, Ruby................
Casey, Mary..................
Castle, Pearl........
Cokain, Zella..............
Cunningham, Gertrude
Daniels, Mattie J........
Drake, DeEtta..............
Depew, Della...................
Dilley, Eva ...................
Drury, Mary. ................
Dunn, Lela......................
Edwards, Zoe................
Elliott, Edna. ........
Englehaupt, Georgia. .
English, Edna. ......
Feasler, Pearl.................
Freeman, Maude..........
Flick, Louise..................
Fox, Leah .......................
Galey, Lulu....................
Garwood, Iva................

Va.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.

*Any jjerson who desires a list of the alumni of the Normal School
will receive same by sending for a catalogue of 1909. The number has
become so great that it is impracticable to publish the names each year.
51

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL

Geer, May Anita. . . .
Ghering, Mabel.........
Goodrich, Florence. .
Goshom, Mary............
Hamed, Cecile.............
Hawkins, Susie...........
Hess, Henrietta...........
Hill, Mabel....................
Himebaugh, Laura.. .
Hinkson, Millie A. • •
Hinkson, Sadie...........
Howland, Hazel.........
Howland, Hazel..........
Isherwood, Ruth........
Kelley, Ethel...............
Kineston, Marian E. .
Kingsley, Anita...........
Kline, Emma...............
Klinestiver, Ruth. . . .
Leach, Ada...................
Lewis, Mary E........... .
McCreary, Ruth.........
McCoy, Viola...............
McCullough, Jeanette
McDaniel, Emma J..
McKinney, Claudine.
Miller, Edna.................
Mitchell, Maude..........
Mumford, Eva.............
Nelson, Kathr5?n.........
Neyland, Mary............
Nicklin, Clara..............
Pratt, Almena.............
Pratt, Mabel................
Perr, Edna...........
Peters, Mildred...........
Pettigrew, Ruby.........
Pond, Gladys............. ..
Purucker, Anna..........
Quick, Edna................
Ramsey, Fannie.........
Randall, Grace......... ..
Reed, Amelia...............
Reed, Sophia................
Rusterholtz, Mildred .
Ryan, Adella................
Sayre, Treva............

.....................Edinboro, Pa.
..................... Edinboro, Pa.
..................... Edinboro, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
...................Edinboro, Pa.
................ Saegertown, Pa.
......................... Girard, Pa.
................East Sandy, Pa.
................Centerville, Pa.
............. Union City, Pa.
............... Union City, Pa.
..................... Edinboro, Pa.
...................Edinboro, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
...................Cranberry, Pa.
....................... Carlton, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
...................Edinboro, Pa.
..................... Sheffield, Pa.
......... McMechen, W. Va.
...................Edinboro, Pa.
............................Erie, Pa.
..........................Kane, Pa.
........... Saegertown, Pa.
......... ..Mishawaka, Ind.
....................Franklin, Pa.
.................Cranberry, Pa.
................ Wattsburg, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
........................Oswayo, Pa.
.................... McKean, Pa'
.................... Oil City, Pa.
................Westfield, N. Y.
• ........................... Girard,Pa.
■ - Ten Mile Bottom, Pa.
..................Meadville, Pa.
................Guys Mills, Pa.
• . ..............Townville, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
......... Punxsutawney, Pa.
..........................Volant, Pa.
• ......................... Russell,Pa.
...................Edinboro, Pa.
. . ..............Edinboro, Pa.
..................... McKean, Pa.
........... Saegertown, Pa.
...................Townville, Pa.

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL

Schout, Rubetta. .
Schulte, Norma...
Scowden, Viola • ■.
Smith, Caroline. ..
Swift, Miriam. ...
Thompson, Maude.
Turner, Cleo............
Turner, Daisy.........
Tuttle Marie............
Wade, Eleanore. . .
Waid, Carrie............
Wallace, Mabel. . . •
Watson, Grace. . . .
Watson, Lura.........
Wentz, Cora. . . . . .
Werren, Mabel. . . ,
Widemire, Grace...
Willis, Belle.............
Woodcock, Esther.
Worster, LeVieve. .

.................Greenville, Pa.
• .............. Springboro, Pa.
..................... Franklin, Pa.
.................... Edinboro, Pa.
................... Edinboro, Pa. ................Marienville, Pa.
............................. Polk, Pa.
................... Linesville, Pa.
................... Edinboro, Pa.
................... Edinboro, Pa.
.................Centerville, Pa.
............................ Utica, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
..................... Franklin, Pa.
............................ Erie, Pa.
...................Pittsburg, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
................Guys Mills, Pa.
................... Edinboro, Pa.

Males.
. .Cochranton, Pa.
. . - Edinboro, Pa.
. . . .McKean, Pa.
• • .Clarendon, Pa.
• . . .Venango, Pa.
• . .Edinboro, Pa.
• . .Edinboro, Pa.
. . . .Atlantic, Pa.
. . - Edinboro, Pa.
. . .Edinboro, Pa.
. . .Edinboro, Pa.
Saegertown, Pa.
Saegertown, Pa.
...Pittsfield, Pa.
.Cochranton, Pa.
......... Albion, Pa.
. . . . .Albion, Pa.
. . .Edinboro, Pa.
..............Erie, Pa.
... Ripley, N. Y.
Lincolnville. Pa.
. .Wattsburg, Pa.
.Centerville, Pa.
.Cochranton, Pa.

Adamson, Ford..........
Arthurs, Dean...........
Baron, William E. .
Bathurst, Floyd ....
Butterfield, William.
Connell, William . . .
Cummings, Guy. . . •
Davis, Donald...........
Dundon, Louis..........
Englehaupt, Claude.
Hall, Mearl.................
Hawkins, Harry. • . .
Hawkins, Hayes. . . ■
Jones, Francis...........
McCobb, Gaylord . • .
McCommons, Arthur
McCommons, John. .
McIntosh, Merritt. . .
Marsh, Ward.............
Meabon, Willis............
Obert, Elmer..............
Peck, Rupert...............
Phillips, James.........
Pierce, Glenn C.........
63

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL

................... Edinboro, Pa.
.................... McKean, Pa.
...................Ohiopyle, Pa.
................... Edinboro, Pa.
...................Edinboro, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
......... Brockwayville. Pa.
...................Edinboro, Pa.

Randall, H. E. ■ . ■
Rusterholtz, John
Show, Opal......
Steadman, Lee . . .
Swift, Charles B . .
Thompson, Leslie.
Vandervort, John.
Whipple, Ray O. .

GRADUATES—DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC.

SUPERVISOR’S COURSE.
Edinboro, Pa,
. . .Girard, Pa
. .’. .Kane, Pa

Dundon, Louis.
Luther, Maude.
Malone, Maude
SPECIAL

COURSE.

Bryner, Leta V.—Piano............................................................Union City, Pa.
Betram, Emily—Piano............................................... Cambridge Springs, Pa.
Dundon, Helen—Piano................................................................... Edinboro, Pa.
Irwin, Effie M.—Piano. ............................................................... Cranberry, Pa.
Malone, Maude—Voice........................................................................... Kane, Pa.
Swift, Elda Theresa—Voice and Piano.....................................Cranesville, Pa.

GRADUATES—DEPARTMENT OF ELOCUTION.

............... Clarendon, Pa.
........... .. . Edinboro, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa.
.................Kennerdell, Pa.
...................Edinboro, Pa.
................... Edinboro, Pa.
............. Mishawaka, Ind.
......... , .Saegertown, Pa.
................ Centerville, Pa.
............... .Tidioute, Pa.
Cambridge Springs, Pa

Bathurst, Floyd W.............
Dwight, Reba.......................
Freeman Maude Ruth. ..
Galey, Lulu Belle................
Geer, Maye Anita................
Ghering, Mabel A................
McDaniel, Emma J.............
Mills, Anna Marian...........
Phillips, James W.............
Stoneburg, Myrtle Gayle
Torry, Florence Ermina. .
54

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

GRADUATES—BUSINESS DEPARTMENT.

Cambridge Springs, Pa.
....................Edinboro, Pa.
................... Edinboro, Pa.

Hamed, Lynn. .
Lewis, Mary.. . .
Pigott, Peter. •.
Swaney, Walter.
Walker, Georgia

....................Edinboro, Pa.
................... Edinboro, Pa.
BOOKKEEPING.

Figueras, Andres Ribas........................................... Lagua la Grande, Cuba
Smith, Duane. ................................................................Cambridge Springs, Pa.
Torry, Joseph...................................................................................... Edinboro, Pa.
SHORTHAND.
Harned, Floie......................... ........................................Cambridge Springs, Pa.
TYPEWRITING.
Edinboro, Pa.

Baldwin, Inez

POST GRADUATES OF 1910.

Anderson, Ruby
Arthurs, Pearl
Baldwin, Jessie
Blystone, Bertha
Braron, Anthony J.
Buck, Howard
Crandall, Ada
Dundon, Helen
Fitzgerald, Florence
Fitzgerald, Frances
Fry, Minnie
Hanson, Alice
Hayes, Wesley, G.
Hotchkiss, Louise
Hutchinson, Ralph
Maloney, Gladys

Mills, Anna
Myers, J. E.
Otto, Charles F.
Payne Jennie
Petitt, Charles N.
Shorts, Clyde
Smith, Lillian
Stoneburg, Myrtle
St. John, Cecile
Swift, Hazel
Timmons, John
Wade, Nettie
Walker, Mrs. C. H.
W aterman,' W ayne
Wilson, Annie
Woodward, Peter M.
55

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

MIDDLE YEAR CLASS OF 1910.

Females.
‘■\Alward, Ethel
Andrews, Lena
..^rmitage, Inez
^Armitage, Iva
y Austin, Myrtle
Baldwin, Hazel
y Bradbury, Essie
Brant, Bernice
•y Beightoi, Naome
yBenedict, Lucy,
y Benedict, Clara
y Benninghoff, Jane
% Britton, Martha
Jlomtrager, Hattie
Boughner, Ethel
Brown, Mary
>4 Buckley, Ethel
M Clapper, Lillian
\i Campbell, Hazel
Vi Chaffee, Dorothy
-y Crandall, Ada
vt Christie, Mary
y Consedine, Mabel
vj Coon, Jennie
^ Cowles, Olive
y Coughlin, Anna
y Cutshall, Bess
y Dahlkemper, Bertha.
Draper, Laura

^ Devore, Rena

Wrham, Hazel
■viDoubet, Emelie
>|Donor, Elizabeth
Dunn, Bess
Durfee, Cora
•4 Frame, Lillian
Fellows, Fannie
•^Fox, Helen
yGehring, Pearl
Gale, Bertha
y Graver, Elizabeth
G^r, Edna

Gregory, Bernice
Gr«BBV'*Bdtth
G Gillespie, Lenore
V Gossman, Regina
V Harpst, Alice
V Heckathorn, Mary
Henton, Fay
Henton, Fern

4 Hineman,

Lettie
yHill, Louvena
V Hollenbeck, Opal
w ar-dj»Blftnehe

vHoward, Maude
>4 Jackson, Cressie
■vi Jones, Blanche
Jones, Velva.
V Kavenny, Bernice
■y. Keck, Ella
y. King, Ethel
Kline, Okie
Lewis, Annie
V Lundburg, Alice
V McIntyre, Florence

\( Madden, Flora
Magnuson, Jennie
V< Mead, Nellie
V Metzger, Ruth

' I Nelson, Martha
Norman, Myrtle
'^Phillips, Edith
y Phillips, Ethel
Putnam, Bessie
■^Rifenburg, Irene

V Root, Hazel
Smallff^»eel

'i

Smallenberger, Dauphine
Saunders, Clara
Smith, Majoric

y Sloan,

Bertha
lyjSmoyer, Elizabeth
-9-orry, Florence '
\i Tucker, Katherine
VanDerlin, Alzada
56

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

WaBBon, Helea
’'*Wiard, Lillian

WildcTf Ainy

Willey, Leah
V Weibel, Florence
White, Gladys

Wilaiier, Anna

Males
^ Baker, Merritt
^ Baldwin, Lyle
^ Blair, Roy

George
'i Bradshaw, Guy
V Bradshaw, Raymond
'^au^lin, Ftwnk

Deamer, Joseph
Dearbemt-Ned
F.rant»;-18^illiam

Harbaugh, Earl
Haseltine, Hubert

.Hawrtaad, Vinc«it
Jiorfin, Glyde
Mallery, Wallace
N Millspaw, Willis
y Mitchell, Forest

•JMorley, Clarence
V Oakes, William

V

Obert, Harry
V Brest on, John
Phillips, Ray
'JPort, Bernard

^ Richey, Clyde
y Saunders, Lloyd
Steiger, Raymond
Thompson, Rexford
V Torry, Harry
Unger, Elmer
—IfeebrBfwiu
W'eaver, Harry

V Williams, Avary
\| Whitely, Floyd

JUNIOR CLASS OF 1910.
Females.
Austin, Myrtle
Baldwin, Eunice
Brant, Bernice
Bancroft, Grace
Babcock, Allien
Bradbury, Essie
Benedict, Clara
Benedict, Lucy
Benninghoff, Jane
Bemis, Fay
Britton, Martha
Bossard, Mary
Boughner, Ethel
Boyle, Annice
Brown, Lela
Burgess, Nettie
Bums, Mary

Callahan, Naida
Crawford, Catherine
Cook, Edith
Coon, Jennie
Crouch, Irene
Consedine, Mabel
Consedine, Ruby
Crossman, Mary
Cutshall, Bess
Davis, Ella Mae
Dawley, Flora
Draper, Laura
Devore, Rena
Doubet, Emelie
Dunn, Bess
Durfee, Cora
Durfee, Lillian
57

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Frame; Lillian
Frantz, Cora
Gamble, Helen
Gehr, Edna
Grant, Glennie
Gregory, Bernice
Gilbert, Mildred
Garver, Elizabeth
Griswold, Mearl
Grumling, Olive
Hall, Amanda
Harpst, Alice
Harvey, Myrtle
Harvey, Sarah
Hatch, Mamie
Hamilton, Ethel
Hamilton, Mildred
Hayes, Mildred
Hinckley, Hazel
Hostettler, Maude
Jackson, Cressie
Johnson, Alforetta
Kilbane, Zoe
Keck, Ella
Korb, Rosanna
Lewis, Annie
Lewis, Gladys
Lininger, Susie
McCutcheon, Nellie
MacDonald, Elsie
McClintock, Mary
McNulty, Catherine
McQueen, Mabel
McElhaney, Mabel
McDaniel, Flora
McGahen, Opal
McGill, Lulu
McCutcheon, Emm ?
Magnuson, Jennie
Metzger, Ruth
Mayhue, Cherity
Michael, Anna

Millspaw, Alice
Mills, Cecil
Mischler, Cora
Morgan, Verda
Morrison, Hattie
Morrison, Eleanor
Nichols, Espey
Orton, Bertha
Patterson, Clara
Perry, Jennie
Phillips, Edith
Phillips, Ethel
Porter, Jessie
Reed, Emeline
Richardson, Mary
Richardson, Ruth
Rickard, Alta
Rifenburg, Irene
Russell, Florence
Sadler, Millie
Shafer, Grace
Sammons, Edna
Sayre, Martha
Seley, Dorothy M.
Stephens, Nettie
Steyer, Carrie
Simmons, Mabel
Smith, Augusta
Smith, Majorie
Sullivan, Abbie
Sullivan, Mary
Thompson, Grace
Thompson, Mabel
Townsend, Alice
Tucker, Katherine
Wetterauer, Emma
Wilder, Amy
Willey, Leah
Woods, Alice
Wallace, Bertha
Weekley, Ella

Males.

Bradshaw, Raymond
Bradshaw, Guy
Beightol, David

Bell, Clarence
Bigler, Victor
Dearborn, Ned
58

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Firth, Allan
Haseltine, Hubert
Henderson, Brayton
Joslin, Clyde
Kough, Charles
Luther, Arthur
McBride, Edward
McIntosh, Charles
Millspaw, Willis
Miller, John
Negus, Marion
Parkin, Charles

Preston, John
Pigott, Joseph
Port, Bernard
Richey, Clyde
St. John, Nial
Steiger, Raymond
Smith, Knight
Snapp, Abram
Torry, Harry
Watson, George
Whittenberger, Claude

SPECIAL STUDENTS IN MUSIC.
Alward, Flossie
Achenbach, Lucille
Anderson, Ruby
Autate, Regina
Baker, Merritt W.
Bertram, Emily
Bloom, Esther
Bonner, Olive L.
Blystone, Bertha M.
Bryner, Leta V
Crandall, Leah M.
Cummings, Edith M
Dundon, Louis J.
Dundon, Helen
Fry, Minnie
Hamilton, C. Mildred
Hanson, Alice
Hamed, Floie
Hollenbeck, Opal
Hotchkiss, Louise
Irwin, Effie M.
Luther, Arthur A.
Luther, Maud A.
McClintock, Mary A.

McDaniel, Emma J.
McDonald, Elsie J.
McLallen, Ruth
Malone, Maud H.
Mead, Nellie G.
Otto, Charles F.
Payne, Jennie L.
Potter, Mrs. Homer B.
Powell, Elizabeth
Preston, Georgia
Rusterholtz, John H.
St. John, Cecile
Sanford, Frances M.
Saunders, Lloyd
Stanley, Gertrude
Smith, Lillian
Stoneburg, Myrtle
Stover, Grace
Swaney, J. Walter
Swift, Elda
Thompson, Avis
Todd, Hollis H.
Waterman, Wayne
Woodward, Mrs. P. M.

SPECIAL STUDENTS IN ELOCUTION.
Armitage, Inez G.
Baldwin, Jessie M.
Bartruff, Jeanette E.
Bathurst, Floyd W.
Brennan, Emma Lucy
Buck, Howard L.

Connell, William B.
Cummings, G. L.
Daniels, Mattie
Doing, Ethel
Dundon, Helen
Dwight, Reba
59

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Freeman, Maude
Fry, Minnie M.
Galey, Lulu B.
Geer, Maye A.
Ghering, Mabel A.
Harbaugh, Earl
Himebaugh, Laura
Jones, Francis E.
McDaniel, Emma J.
Nelson Kathryn
Obert, Harry O.
Otto, Charles F.

Phillips, James W.
Randall, Grace
Ryan, Adella
Swaney, M. Agnes
Stoneburg, Myrtle
Torry, Florence
Tuttle, Marie
Vandervort, John
Watson, Lura E.
Waterman, Wayne
Woodward, P. M.

SPECIAL STUDENTS IN PHYSICAL CULTURE.
Theory and Practice.
Beach, Ruth
Unger, Elmer E.

Practice.
Blair, Roy
Comstock, Ralph
Figueras, Andres Ribas
Harbaugh, Earl
Hayes, Burl

Kough, Charles
Mallery, Wallace
Oakes, William
Pigott, Joseph
Rusterholtz, Harry
Thompson, Leslie
Unger, Elmer E.
Waterman, Wayne
Whiteley, Floyd

SPECIAL STUDENTS IN ART.
Bloom, Ester
Bresee, Edna
Dundon, Helen
Fitzgerald, Florence
Goshen, Mary
Hotchkiss, Louise
Lawrence, Leonie

Malone, Maud H.
Maloney, Gladys
Shafer, Grace H.
Stoneburg, Myrtle
Port, Maurice
Todd, Hollis H.

STUDENTS IN BUSINESS DEPARTMENT.
Autate, Regina M.
Baldwin, Inez
Bloom, Esther
Burgess, Nettie
Campbell, Earl P.
Comstock, Ralph
Draper, Laura M.
Figueras, Andres Ribas
Galusha, Florence
Hamed, Floie
Harter, Manna

Harned, Lynn L.
Harrison, Regis
Harshaw, Eugene
Lewis, Mary E.
Maloney, Gladys
Mallery, Wallace
Pettigrew, Ruby
Pigot, Peter
Randall, H. E.
Smith, Duane
Smith, Knight

60

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Smullen, Robert
Stanford, Joe
Swaney, J. Walter

Torry, Joseph
Wade, Eleanore

STUDENTS IN PREPARATORY COURSE, TEACHERS’ COURSE, ETC.
Females.
Allaire, Elizabeth
Alward, Flossie
Allgeier, Mary
Autate, Regina
Baker, Hazel
Baldwin, Inez
Bates, Cora E.
Blass, Catherine
Beach, Ruth
Behr, Clara M.
Bertram, Emily
Brennan, Emma L.
Butterfield, Marguerite
Beatty, Ruth E.
Boblentz, Mazie
Bloom, Esther
Brown, Linnie
Carless, Ruth
Carrier, Clara I.
Card, Ruth
Cherry, Era
Cobb, Sarah
Connell, Elizabeth M.
Cotton, Beatrice B.
Crandall, Leah
Cummings, Edith
Cummings, Ida Mae
Dearborn, Ella
Deets, Elizabeth B.
Dwight, Reba
Doing, Ethel
Dunn, Lola M.
Evans, Myrtle
Falkenburg, Josephine
Fellows, Ruth I.
Finney, Ruth
Force, Lena B.
Ford, Ruth
Foster, Jennie M.
Fuller, Linn

Gable, Roka
Galusha, Florence
George, Pearl H.
Greenman, Belle
Guild, Margaret
Harrison, Margaret
Harned, Floie
Harter, Manna
Hartley, Emma
Harrington, Gladys
Hess, Florence A.
Hooker, Hazel
Hoskins, May
Hinkson, Verna
Huff, Alice L.
Hughes, Edna C.
Klakamp, Nellie C.
Ketcham, Elgie
Kinney, Edna
Korb, Lura
Lane, Alice L.
Lang, Ethel
Lawrence, Leonie
Leopold, Eva
Lesh, Hazel
Luce, Othel
Luther, Maud A.
McBride, Jennette
McCracken, Mary
McIntyre, Maude
McKinney, Evelyn
McLallen, Ruth
McLaughlin, F. Joanna
McLaughlin, Blanche
McNulty, Emma
Mahan, Mabel
Marsh, Lucile
Maine, Cora
Maurer, Mabel A.
Miller, Roberta
61

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Morgan, Kittie
Moyer, Laura B.
Murphy, Grace
Nelson, Frances
Northrop, Harriet
Oakes, Kema G.
Owens, Delia
Parker, Vemba
Prindle, Tillie
Perry, Hazel
Pierson, Minnie
Pryor, Lilly I.
Pechin, Emma B.
Peters, Aura May
Porter, Vera M.
Pryor, Daisy V.
Ralston, May
Riggle, Ola M.
Sanford, Flossie.
Shaffer, Elta
Sayre, Kathryn
Stainbrook, Mae
Stafford, Almira
Skelton, Marie
Sweet, Martha E.

Steadman, Vere
Stevenson, Joy
Smith, Lillis
Swift, EldaT.
Strubel, Edna
Stuck, Cora fi.
Traphagan, Hazel
Twayon, Lolah O.
Terrill, Olive R.
Thompson, G. Marie
Urch, Janie C.
Vandervort, Ethel
Vincent, Mae
Vallentine, Elda
Wade, Abbie G.
Waite, Hazel
Walrath, Eudora
Walters, Iva
Webster, Lois
Weber, Emma
Wiley, Mary
Williamson, Lena
Winans, Katie
Wilber, Margaret

Males.
Austin, James M.
Badders, James O.
Billings, Ralph
Bant a, Jacob L.
Campbell, Earl P.
Carpenter, George B.
Chisholm, John
Comstock, Ralph
Dillaman, Frank B
Dupont, Arthur
Frame, Andrew
Frantz, Elmer R.
Figueras, Andres Ribas
Gray, Floyd
Gleeton, Paul
Gillespie, Arzie
Gillespie, Marvin
Goodrich, Raymond .
Harned, Lynn
Harshaw, Eugene

Hayes, Burl
Hood, Harold G.
Hoover, Neva
Hopkins, Mark
Huth, Frederick
Humes, C. Wister
Kaveney, Ivan
Kilbane, Merritt
Kilbane, Chauncey
King, Fred
McCreary, Arhcie
McGahen, Victor
Madden, Francis
Marsh, Charles E.
Miles, Walter
Morgan, Ora
Olszewski, Bronislaus
Pieper, Lynn
Pigott, Peter
Port, Maurice
62

NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.

Potter, Melvin S.
Randall, Robert M.
Rubner, John
Rusterholtz, Harry L.
Stanford, Joe
Swaney, J. Walter
Shreve, Ivan
Service, Andrew
Smith, Duane

Smock, Thelston
Smullen, Robert
Taylor, Harry S.
Todd, Hollis H.
Torry, Joseph
Tucker, Joseph
Wells, Fred
White, Albert
Whiteley, George

STUDENTS OF MODEL SCHOOL.
Girls.
Arthurs, Rachel
Autate, Mary
Baldwin, Eunice
Bigler, Helen
Cunningham, Rosie
Howland, Irma
Hotchkiss, Edna
Howland, Ethel
Howland, Meryl
Lasher, Mollie
Lasher, Effie
Lasher, Sarah
Leberman, Emma
MarshLucile

Mallory, Irma
McClure, Ruth
Phifer, Margaret
Robertson, Muriel
Rennick, Grace
Rennick, Emma
Stover, Grace
Shattuck, Selma
Swift, Nina
Small, Mabel
Thompson, Avis
Unger, Mildred
Whipple, Mabel

Boys.
Autate, Oscar
Anderson, Russell
Baldwin, Oscar
Bigler, Victor
Billings, Ralph
Bigler, Emerson
Campbell, Donald
Deamer, Willie
Ghering, Boyd
Geer, Ney
Goodell, George S.
Gable, Ralph
Gleet en, Russell
Howland, Dwight
Kilbane, Kenneth
Lasher, George
Mallory, Royce
McKrell, Andrew

Phifer, Howard
Peavy, Victor
Perry, Reuben
Richardson, Orlo
Richardson, Louis
Smith, Hugh
Smith, Walter
Smith, Knight
Shafer, Harley
Shea, Clarence
Shaffner, Paul
Shattuck, Leo
Tarbell, Joseph
Tarbell, Winfield
Tarbell, Park
Tarbell, Jesse
Thompson, Harold
Whipple, Carl
63