THE
EDINBORO
QUARTERLY
THE CATALOG
1920-1021

Vol.7

April, 1920

Ho. 2

THE EDINBORO QUARTERLY

OF THE

State Normal School

ANNUAL CATALOG NUMBER

EDINBORO, PENNSYLVANIA
1920-21

Published by the Edinboro State Normal School in January. April, July and
October.
Entered as second-class matter, December ii, 1913, at the postoffice at Edinboro
Pennsylvania, under the Act of August 24, 1912

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE

The Normal School Calendar, 1920-21
The Board

of

The Officers

....

3

Trustees...................................................................

4

of

Administration

.

.

.'

.

.

The Faculty...................................................................

4
5

Historical Sketch....................................................................................... 6
Requirements
Courses

of

for

Admission.......................................................... 8

Study:

The Four Curricula............................................................................lO
Electives............................................................................................... 13
Departments:
Education

........

English and Foreign Language

.

.

.

14
.

19

Mathematics........................................................................... 24
Science..................................................................................... 25
Social Studies

.

.

.

.

.

,

.

.

27

Arts...............................................................................................29
Health Education

.......

32

'Special Normal Art Course........................................................ 34
The High School Departmen'I'
Expenses

.

.

.

.

.

38

. •...............................................................................................41

General Information
Summary

.

of

Class Rolls

.

43

Enrolment..................................................................46
.

.

.

.

46

THE CALENDAR

3

NORMAL AND RECITATION HALLS

CALENDAR, 1920-21
First Semester Begins................................. Tuesday, September 7
First Quarter ends...........................................Friday, November 12
Thanksgiving Recess. .. .Thursday, Nov. 25 to Sunday, Nov. 28
Christmas Recess........ Thursday, M., Dec. 23 to Monday, Jan. 3
Celebration of Founders’ Day.................. Wednesday, January 26
First Semester ends...........................................Friday, January 28
Second Semester begins.................................. Monday, January 31
Holiday, Washington’s Birthday................ Tuesday, February 22
Third Quarter ends.......... .................. .Thursday, M., March 31
Easter Recess........ Thursday, M., March 31 to Monday, April ii
Holiday, Memorial Day........................................ Monday, May 30
Second Semester work ends............................ Friday, M., June 17
Baccalaureate Sermon............................................ Sunday, June 19
Alumni Day................................................................. Tuesday, June21
Commencement....................
Wednesday, June 22
Summer Term begins............................................ Monday, June 27
Summer Term ends...................................................... Friday,August5

4

EDINBORO CATALOG

BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Term expires first Monday of July, 1919.*
Turner Washington Shacklett. .................
F. A. Loveland.....................

Erie
Carry

F. P. Miller, Vice-President....................................................Meadville
Term expires first Monday of July, 1920.
G. C. Hill, President.................................. ..........................North East
Dallas W. ArmstrongJ................................................................Franklin
H. E. McConnell.................................

Mercer

Term expires first Monday of July, 1921.
Miss Ella Skiff.............................................................................. Edinboro
Miss C. Elizabeth Battles........................................................... Girard

J. S. CARMicHAELf.............................................................. Franklin
• Continued in service by request of the Department of Public Instruction,
t Resigned.

OFFICERS OF ADMINISTRATION
Frank E Baker, A. M., Principal.
Clarence C. Crawford, Ph.B., Vice-Principal.
H. Sackett, A.M., Dean of Men.
Ina a. Fogg, A.B., Dean of Women.
Katherine Howland, Registrar.
Earl P. Campbell, Treasurer.
Annie L. Wilson, Librarian.
Harriet L. Chapman, Secretary to the Principal.

Mrs. M.

a. Lockard,

Matron and Nurse.

FACULTY

THE FACULTY
]''rank E. Baker, A.M., Principal; Education.
Clarence C. ' Crawford, Ph.B., Vice-Principal; Mathematics.
Mary ElizabetiI Powell, Drawing.

H. Sackett, A.M., Dean of Men, History and Mathematics.
Wallace J. Snyder, Sc.B., Science.
David Miller Stancliff ; Geography, Geology, Astronomy and
Penmanship. ,
Fr.\nces Burchfield; Critic Teacher, Third and Fourth Grades.
Maude Howard; Critic Teacher, Fifth and Sixth Grades.
Ellene M. Sullivan ; Public Speaking and Dramatics.
Ada Evelyn Jones, Supervisor; Primary and Reading Methods.
Carrie Ethel Baker, A.B., English.
Cyrene Hays Dayton, Music.
Florence Dorothy Goodrich ; Critic Teacher, Seventh and
Eighth Grades.
Rose Hanson Stancliff; Critic Teacher, First and Second
Grades.
B. Regis Harrison, Physical .Training.
Eleanor K. Mauser, Physical .Training.
Dorothy Ruth Cooper; Critic Teacher, Rural Training School.
Ina a. Fogg, A. B., Dean of Women; Foreign Languages.
Delia A. Rightmire, B.S., Domestic Science.

6

EDINBORO CATALOG
HISTORICAL SKETCH
The Old Era

There was enough of the spirit of sacrifice and pioneer daring in
the establishment of the Edinhoro Academy in 1857 and in tihe acquir­
ing of a State Normal Scho'ol charter in 1861, to make the early history
of the Edinhoro State Normal School of more than passing Interest.
The establishment and development of a school under the adverse con-

NEW DINING HALL

ditions of a thinly populated district, and in spite of the handicap of
poor transportation facilities, constitutes a very real tribute to the
ability and energy of the trustee boards and the teaching staffs of the
earlier years. The whole story constitutes an historic background
that is wholesomely American in its challenge to the present day offi­
cials, faculty, and students.
The New Era
No one can disparage the purpose or the results of the period
from 1861 to 1914. In that time the school was, however, a hybrid in­
stitution. Under the provisions of the Normal School Act of 1857, it
was possible to organize a school on a half private and half state-owned
basis. Under such a regime the Edinhoro Normal existed until full

HISTORICAL SKETCH
state ownership came about in 1914, by the purchase of all privately
owned stock by state authorities. In this new era that has come to
pass there Is a new and even greater promise of usefulness to old
Edinboro Normal. Freed from local control, which, no matter how
good, always has the attendant dangera of a too provincial govern­
ment, the institution has rapidly acquired a new appreciation of Its
mission to its patrons and its part in the educational affairs of the
commonwealth.
Full state ownership has already meant a great deal to Edinboro.
The immediate outlook in both material and spiritual progress is in­
deed heartening.
The Plant
The campus consists of a twenty-eight acre plot on the south border
of the Boro of Edinboro. There are eight substantial and commodi­
ous buildings. There is every facility in the way of chapel, library,
dormitories, laboratories, recitation rooms, and modern gymnasium.
Wholesome conditions for working, playing, and resting are all of
equal concern to the authorities. The buildings in the order of their
age are Old Academy Hall, Helps’ Dormitory, Normal Hall, Recitation
Hall, Haven Hall, The Gymnasium, and Reeder Hall. An extensive
addition to Haven Hall, the girls’ dormitory, has recently been com­
pleted. It gives the school, in addition to the most beautiful school
dining room in the state, a new kitchen with all modern equipment, a
canning kitchen, a laundry, and storerooms.
During the year 1917-’18 the State spent $61,000 in additions and
improvements to the plant. These improvements include, in addition
to those mentioned above, new laboratories in Physics, Chemistry and
Agriculture, a modern vacuum steam heating system and new quarters
for the help.
The Board of Trustees has adopted a program involving the ex­
penditure of three hundred and fifty thousand dollars to develop and
improve the plant. This program includes the completion of the new
wing of Haven Hall, the installation of a freight elevator and a cold
storage plant, the introduction of hot and cold water in all the rooms
of the old part of Haven Hall, a rear veranda and fire towers tor
Reeder Hall, a new one story training school, and new toilets, rest
rooms and luncheon rooms in Normal Hall.
During the present summer the chapel stage will be reconstructed
and enlarged, the chapel will be redecorated, and a new pipe organ
purchased by the alumni will be installed.
Purpose
The purpose of the Edinboro State Normal School is the training
of teachers. In this single aim all other departments have been set
aside. It is a school of specialization in the profession of greatest

8

EDINBORO CATALOG

promise for the young people of this generation. To young men as
well as to young women, the Bdinhoro State Normal School strives
to give the vision and equipment for the task of shaping the destiny
of the republic, which last is a statement as true as it may seem trite.

MUSIC STUDIO

REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION
Adopted" March 23, 1920.
1. Candidates of approved secondary schools who can present evi­
dence of having completed fifteen units of high school work will be
admitted as regular students to the state Normal Schools.
2. A unit shall consist of not less than thirty-six weeks of work
requiring at least four periods a week of not less than forty minutes a
period or its time equivalent. Subjects not requiring out-of-class
preparation or study shall require double time in estimating the units.
3. Credentials of all students entering the state normal schools
shall be received and evaluated by the normal schools and submitted
to the State Department of Public Instruction for approval. Blanks
for this purpose should be secured from the normal school on or be­
fore August 1, as they have to be filled out in detail, signed by the
high school principal or other responsible official, and received and
approved as stated above before the student can be officially enrolled.

COURSES OF STUDY

9

4. Adequate knowledge of the subject matter in the elementary
subjects will be presupposed on the part of all students admitted to
the normal schools.
5. Required units for admission:
English .....................3 unitg
Mathematics ............. 1 unit
Science ....................... 1 unit
Social Studies .........1 unit, after September 1923, 2 units
Elective ..................... 9 units, after September 1923, 8 units
Total .................. 15 units
6. The holders of permanent and professional certificates will be
given one unit credit toward admission as regular students to the
normal schools for each subject of high school grade written on the
certificate.
7. Advanced credit will be given for equivalent courses in ap­
proved teacher-training institutions, but no student may obtain a nor­
mal school certificate without a minimum residence of one year.
8. For the present the normal schools shall, when neces.sary, con­
duct a secondary department of first class high school grade for those
students who do not have similar high school faoilitie.s available in
their home communities.

CORRIDOR IN HAVEN HALL

EDINBORO CATALOG

10

THE FOUR CURRICULA
TABLE I
Groups I

Semester

I.

Kindergarten-—Grade 3

Introduction to Teaching..
English Fundamentals..
English Composition. . .
Nature Study..................
Art ......................................
Handwriting ..................
Personal and School Hygiene .............................
Health Education .........
Elective .............................

n.

2
3
3

2

Psychology and Child Study
Kindergarten Theory..
Oral Expression..............
English Composition. . .
Teaching of Number..
Teaching of Geography
Teaching of History ...
Industrial Arts................
Health Habits..................
Health Education .........
Elective .............................

3
2
2
2
2
I

3
19V2
3
2
2
2
2
I

I

I

4

2

I

History and Principles of
Education ...................
Children’s Literature and
Story Telling ............
Citizenship ......................
Industrial Arts...............
Music..................................
Health Education .........
Elective ...........................
Semester Total....
Total ................

4*
3
2
3
2
2

3'*‘
3
2
2
2
1

3

2
lV2
3

Semester Total................ 26

19%

Psychology and Child Study
Oral Expression......................
English Composition..............
Teaching of Arithmetic....
Teaching of Geography....
Teaching of History..............
Health Education ..................
Elective .................. i................

2
2

3
20%

24

10
3
3
I

20^4

22
4

4

3
2
4
4
3
6

2
2
2
2

26
98

Grades 4-6

Introduction to Teaching..
English Fundamentals...........
English Composition..............
Nature Study...........................
Art ..............................................
Handwriting ...........................
Personal and School Hygiene ......................................
Health Education ..................
Elective .....................................

I

3
3

Student Teaching.........
10
School Efficiency..............
3
Teaching of Primary Readmg ..................................
3
Health Education.........
3
Elective .............................
3
Semester Total. ...

Ty

3t
3
2
2
2
I

26

II
II.

4*
3
2
3
4
2

Semester Total....

Semester Total. ...

III.

and

Semester Total................ 22
Student Teaching..................
School Efficiency.......................
Teaching of Oral and Written Composition..................
Sewing ........................................
Health Education....................
Elective .....................................

3

Semester Total................ 23

20}4

3
20%

History and Principles of
Education ........................ ..
Juvenile
Literature
and
Silent Reading ..................
Citizenship ...............................
Music...........................................
Prevocational Education...
Health Education..................

6
80

* Number of sixty-minute periods a week,
t Number of semester hours of credit.

I

Semester Total................ 25
Total ........................ 96

81

CURRICULA

II

THE FOUR CURRICULA
TABLE II
Groups III
Semester

I.

III.

Grades 7-9

Introduction to Teaching..
English Eundamentals...........
English Composition..............
Nature Study...........................
Art ...............................................
Handwriting ...........................
Personal and School Hygiene .......................................
Health Education.....................
Elective ......................................
Semester Total..............

II.

and

IV.
4*
3
2
3
4
2

3t
3
2
2
2
I

2
3
3

2

26

3
19%

Semester Total,,..
Student Teaching.........
School Efficiency..............
Health Education.........
6

Semester Total....
History and Principles of
Education ...................
Juvenile
Literature
and
Silent Reading ............
Citizenship ......................
Music..................................
Health Education.........
Elective..............................
Semester Total.... ... 25
Total ............... •••95

* Number of sixty-minute periods a week,
t Number of semester hours of credit.

Rural

Introduction to Teaching..
English Fundamentals...........
English Composition..............
Nature Study...........................
Art ...............................................
Handwriting ...........................
Personal and School Hygiene .......................................
Health Education.....................
Elective ......................................

4*
3
2
3
4
2

3t
3
2
2
2
1

2
3
3

2

Semester Total................ 26

I Psychology and Child Study

Psychology and Adolesence 3.3
Oral Expression....................... 2
2
English Composition.............. 2
2
Teaching of Mathematics.. 3
3
Teaching of Geography.,.. 3
3
Teaching of History.............. 3
3
Health Education..................
3
Elective .....................................
3
3

...

IV

Oral Expression.......................
English Composition..............
Teaching of Arithmetic....
Teaching of Geography....
Teaching of History..............
Health Education ...............
Elective ......................................

3
2
2
3
3
3
3
3

20J4

Semester Total................ 22

10
3
lV2
6

Student Teaching.................. 10
Primary Methods............:..
3
Teaching of Oral and Silent

20V2

2
2
2
9
Vz

20

3
3

Semester Total................ 22
History and Principles of
Education .............................
Rural School Problems..,.
Agriculture ..............................
Citizenship ...............................
Rural Sociology .....................
Music...........................................
Health Education.....................
Elective .......................................

4

81

Health Education...................
Elective ......................................

4
3
3
2
2
4
3
3

Semester Total................. 24
Total........................... 94

3
19%
3
2
2
3
3
3
3

20}4
10
3
in
3
20%
4
3
3
2
2
2
3
20%
81

12

EDINBORO CATALOG
COURSES OF STUDY IN THE
PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOLS
The Four Curricula
Adopted March 23, 1920.

The four curricula that are offered to students have been organized
upon the principle that teaching in the elementary schools can be clas­
sified into sufficiently definite types to require specialization. Each
curriculum prepares for a specific type of teaching position.
The two years’ work of the normal school is divided into four
semesters. The work of the first semester is the same for all students.
A large purpose of the work of the first semester is to . acquaint
students with the requirements for successful teaching in the differ­
ent grades so that they may be able to decide intelligently in what
grade or grades they prefer to teach. The course entitled “Introduc­
tion to Teaching”, which includes observation and participation in
the training school, is especially designed to aid students in a wise
selection of a curriculum.
At the end of the first semester students are asked to select one of
the four curricula for the purpose of specializing in a specific field of
teaching. The work of each curriculum must be completed in its en­
tirety. Students may be granted the privilege of changing from one
curriculum to another only on condition that the prescribed courses
of any curriculum so selected be completed before a certificate of
graduation is granted.

13

ELECTIVES
ELECTIVES

All electives are taught from the professional point of view and
arp of college grade of work.
All electives are to he chosen with special reference to the group
m ZTae .-.h« I. preparing to ...ch o»d w.td Ih.
«!
the principal of the school.
School will offer during the year 1920The Edinboro State Normal
21 the following electives;
Semester
Hours

Education—•
53* Educational Psychology ............
54 Modern Tendencies in Education

English and Foreign Language
51.1 Contemporary English Poets .................
52.1 Modern English Novelists ............. ,•••■•
51.2, 52.2 Latin: Cicero’s Orations .................
51.3', 52.3 LatiniVirgil’s Aeneid .....................
51.4 Latin;Cicero and Livy ............................
52.4 Latin;Horace .......................;....... .............
51.5,
51.6,
51.7,
51.8,
51.9,

52.5 Elementary French;First Year..
52.6 Elementary French;Second Year
51.8 Intermediate French ...................
52.8 Elementary Spanish;First Year .
52.9 Elementary Spanish-.Second Year

Mathematics—
51 Intermediate Algebra ............. ................
52 Advanced Algebra ....................................
Science—
51.1 Chemistry; Qualitative Analysis ---' 51.2 Advanced Geography ...............................
52.2 General Geology .......................................
Social Studies—
51 History of the United States to 1840 ...
52 History of the United States since 1840
53
54

Sociology .....................................................

Economics ...............................................

Arts—
51

Cookery

.......................................................

52 Art .............................................................
* Number of course, for explanation see page 14.

3
3
6
6
3
3
6

6
6
6

6

3
3

3
3

3
3
3
3

2

2

14

EDINBORO CATALOG
DETAIL OF THE COURSES OF STUDY
The State Course

of

Study

The state course of study is used as the basis for the courses in
the teaching of the elementary school subjects.
Classification

and

Numbering

of

Courses

All courses are classified in seven departments. All courses num­
bered below 10 are common to all groups. A decimal indicates that
two or more courses of the same department occur in the same semes­
ter. A single digit or the last of two digits indicates the semester in
which the course occurs. The first of two digits indicates the group
in which the course occurs.
The electives are numbered in the 50’s. The right digit indicates
the semester. Electives offered in semesters 1 and 2 may be taken in
semesters 3 and 4 respectively, but not vice versa.

EDUCATION
Education I—Introduction to Teaching.
All groups, 1st semester. 4 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
The primary purpose of this course is to aid students in selecting
a specific curriculum at the end of the first semester, and to imbue
them with a strong professional spirit and high standards of profes­
sional ethics. It includes consideration of the different types of teach­
ing service, the general aims of the public schools and, more spe­
cifically, the work to be accomplished hy the primary, intermediate,
junior high and rural schools respectively, a brief sketch of the char­
acteristics of children in these different types of schools and the
ctualifications required of teachers to meet the needs of children at the
different age levels in these different types of schools. The broad
social aims of each type of school and its relation to the state are
emphasized.
The instruction in this course is closely correlated with frequent
visits of observation and participation in the training school.

Education 2—Psychology and Child Study.
All groups, 2nd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This is an elementary course in psychology combining the impor­
tant topics of both general and educational psychology, and forming
the basis of the specific courses in educational theory and practice.
The chief topics considered are: (a) instinctive tendencies; (b)
habit-formation; (c) memory, association (including localization of
functions), and economy of learning; (d) the affective life; (e) the
thought processes; (f) the extent and causes of individual differences
among children, and the use of intelligence tests in determining
them; (g) the treatment of exceptional children. About one-third of

EDUCATION

15

the course is given to the study of the characteristics of children at
the different levels of growth. One laboratory period each week is
given to the observation of children. While this course is practically
identical in all curricula, there is differentiation in the observation of
children and in the laboratory experiments, each group emphasizing
the characteristics of children at the age level of its particular
curriculum.

Education 12—Kindergarten Theory.
Group I, 2nd semester.

2 periods, 2 hours’ credit.

PRACTICE TEACHING IN GRADE I

This course deals primarily with kindergarten aims, purposes,
technique, and equipment. Special attention is given to modern ten­
dencies in kindergarten practice, and particularly to the relation of
the kindergarten to the primary grades. Observation and participa­
tion in the training school is a prominent feature of the course.

Education 13—School Efficiency.
Group I, 3rd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course correlates closely with the student teaching, deriving
a large part of its meaning from the teaching experience of the stu­
dent. The instruction is shaped by the aim and purposes of the kin­
dergarten and grades one, two and three, and includes such topics as’
class-room routine, the organization of the daily study and recitation
program, hygienic standards for and care of class-rooms; the making
and keeping of records; and is followed by the analysis and study of
such class-room technique as; the significance of the play spirit in
the primary grades; the management of primary grades; the use of
seat work; the value of dramatic expression; types of class-room ex­
ercises applicable in the primary grades; and the project and prob­

i6

EDINBORO CATALOG

lem method as applicable to children of this age; and the practical
application of educational tests and scales.

Education 23—School Efflciency.
Group II, 3rd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course correlates closely with the student teaching, deriving
a large part of its meaning from the teaching experience of the stu­
dent. The instruction is colored and shaped by the purposes and nature
of the work in the intermediate grades and includes class-room
routine, the daily study and recitation program, hygienic standards lor
and care of class-rooms, the making and keeping of records, and is
followed by the analysis and study of such class-room technique as:
methods of lesson assignment; types of class-room exercises; efficient
methods of study; types of questioning; the value and uses of intelli­
gence and educational tests; and the project and problem method as
applicable to the fourth, filth and sixth grades. The problem of disci­
pline in these grades receives attention.

Education 33—School Efficiency.
Group III, 3rd semester. 3 periods, 3 hou.rs’ credit.
This course deals with the principles of instruction common to the
teaching of all subjects in the seventh, eighth and ninth grades and
is closely correlated with student teaching. Consideration will be
given to such topics as types of lessons, the recitation, the assignment,
the question, the project and problem method, the socialized recita­
tion, lesson plans, supervised and independent study, the use of edu­
cational tests and scales, problems in discipline, economy in class­
room management. A considerable part of the time of this course is
devoted to a discussion of educational guidance problems. The course
analyzes the processes and problems of the important types of human
occupations, the aptitudes and training required for each, the finan­
cial rewards, the hazards, the opportunities and avenues for advance­
ment in each field. As far as possible typical occupations are studied
at first hand including occupations of agriculture, manufacture, trans­
portation, exchange, public service, professional service, domestic and
personal service, and clerical occupations. The pertinent printed
matter in books, pamphlets and magazines is examined and organized.

Education 43—Primary Methods.
Group IV, 3rd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This is a composite course including the best modern primary
methods in number, geography, history, and handwork. It is de­
voted to a consideration of environmental materials in geography and
the development of correct geographical concepts; to the aims and pur­
poses of history in the primary grades and the materials available
for these grades, with emphasis on the selection of materials for pa­
triotic and other special days; to the best methods of inculcating in
children simple health habits; and to the best available means of seat
work through paper cutting, weaving, clay modeling, etc.

EDUCATION

17

Education 4—History and Principles of Education.
All groups, 4th semester. 4 periods, 4 hours’ credit.
This is an integrating course and aims to bring together and in­
terpret the details of educational theory and practice represented by
the preliminary courses, and to leave with the student a unified body
of educational doctrine. The course begins with a brief review of the
origin and development of present day practices and tendencies in
public school education, the large emphasis being placed on those move­
ments that have originated, or at least- have come into prominence,
since the time of Rousseau. The discussion of such topics as: the
aims and purposes of education; the development of various concep­
tions of educational values; and the history and present status of
such educational movements as: vocational education; the treatment
of backward children; scientific measurements; the junior high
school; the doctrine of interest; formal discipline; the transfer of
learning; project and problem teaching; and the socialized recitation.
Education 44—Rural School Problems.
Group IV, 4th semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
The aim of this course is similar to that of the course in School
Efficiency in Groups I, II and III, and includes In addition the defects
of the one-room rural school treated constructively, not destructively;
the advantages of consolidation; the organization of the rural school;
the daily study and recitation program reducing the number of classes
by combining grades, alternating grades^ correlation, etc.; vitalizing
the course of study; club work; community center work; heating and
ventilation; play and recreation; and beautifying the school grounds.
The discipline of the rural school is discussed.
Education 3—^Student Teaching.
All groups, 3rd semester, 10 periods, 10 hours’ credit.
The Training School—The training school is the pivotal point of
all the work of the normal school. It functions as a laboratory lor
every department of the school and articulates with peculiar intimacy,
with the Department of Education.
Observation and Participation—Although student teaching is con­
fined to the senior year, junior students are given frequent oppor­
tunities for participation in the work of the training school, and ob­
servation of expert teaching in the training school is a feature of all
the courses in education and of many other courses throughout the
curricula. One critic teacher is assigned to each two class rooms and
demonstration lessons are taught from time to time in exemplifica­
tion of the various phases of good educational practice.
'Distribution of Time—A minimum of two consecutive sixty-minute
periods per day for one semester is given to student teaching. Where
two student teachers are assigned to the same class in the training
school the assignments are so adjusted that each student teacher has
a definite problem. The distribution of teaching time is designed to
give progressively to the student an increasing class responsibility.

i8

EDINBORO CATALOG

Lesson Plans—^Plan forms are used upon which all lessons taught
by student teachers are planned. Critic teachers hold daily confer­
ences with the student teachers under their charge and approve all
lesson plans of student teachers before the lessons are taught.
Student Teachers—Every student teacher confines his teaching to
the grades of the group which he has elected. Student teachers elect­
ing group I and group II have practice experience in all the subjects
of the curriculum and, if possible, in all the grades of the group.
Student teachers electing group III confine their practice teaching
largely to the subjects in which the student has elected to specialize
and, if possible, have practice teaching in all the grades of the group.
Student teachers electing group IV confine their practice teaching
largely to the rural one-room ungraded school and have opportunity
for contact with the community problems. All assignments for stu­
dent teachers contemplate the completion of a unit problem.
Training Classes—Training classes aim to have not less than
twenty nor more than thirty pupils; that is, enough pupils to set
up a normal social situation and yet not so many as to tax unduly
the limited skill of the teacher.
The Pupils—The pupils in the training school by reason of the
careful planning of each lesson and the close supervision of expert
teachers, as well as through the use of abundant and elaborate equip­
ment of the normal school, are most favorably situated to secure the
best possible education.

Education 53—Educational Psychologj'.
Elective, 3rd semester only. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course is intended to give students a more thorough grasp of
the mental make-up of public school children, and Includes, in this
connection, the use of intelligence tests as a means of determining
mental age.
The latter part of the course is devoted to the psychology of the
learning processes and to the psychology of the common school sub­
jects.

Education 54—Modern Tendencies in Education.
Elective, 4th semester only. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course takes up, in the light of modern educational philosophy
and science, such topics as: scientific curriculum making, the adapta­
tion of the curriculum to present day needs, the junior high school,
the guidance function of the school, and the treatment of abnormal and
supernormal children.

LANGUAGES

19

ENGLISH AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES
English 1—English Fundamentals.
All groups, 1st semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
The purpose of this course is to acquaint the student with the
source of material in English and the forms of correct expression.
A definite standard of written and spoken Engiish must be ac­
quired and maintained by all students. Further work in English
without extra credit will be required of all who fail to reach and
maintain this standard.

GYMNASIUM DRILL

A few periods of instruction are given in the method of classifying
and cataloguing books and in the -use of reference books, readers’
guides, etc.
About a third of the time of the course is devoted to a thorough re­
view in the basic principles of English grammar and special attention
is paid to the structure of sentences and the syntax of their various
parts. The course includes a brief history of the language and the
principles underlying its development.
About a sixth of the time of the course is devoted to a study of
words including pronunciation, diacritical marking, and basic princi­
ples in etymology.
English 1.1, 2.1—English Composition.
All groups, 1st and 2nd semesters. 2 periods, 2 hours’ credit each
semester.

20

EDINBORO CATALOG

This course includes a thorough study of the forms of English prose
composition together with much practice in writing. The four types
of English prose; narration, description, exposition, and argumenta­
tion are carefully studied and analyzed with reference to form, content
and technique. Special attention is given to the essay and the short
story as media of prose expression and students are required to write
frequent themes illustrative of the various prose forms discussed.
These are made the subject of class criticism and discussion. The
teacher in charge of the class meets the students from time to time
for personal consultation.
English 2—Oral Expression.
• All groups, 2nd semester. 2 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
This course is designed primarily to insure (1) a good teaching
voice and (2) effective address with facility and ease in oral expression.
English 13—The Teaching of Primary Reading.
Group I, 3rd semester. 3 periods, ,3 hours’ credit.
The primary aim of this course is to enable the student to acquire
skill in the teaching of reading to beginners including the develop­
ment of skill in the use of phonics. The course includes a comparison
of the principal methods of teaching reading and the historical de.velopment of various methods of teaching reading are traced. Con­
sideration is given to the psychological processes involved in reading.
The student acquires familiarity with the means of measuring ef­
ficiency in reading. This course is accompanied with observations of
primary reading classes as well as the actual teaching of reading.
EngUsh 23—The Teaching of Oral and Written Composition.
Group II, 3rd semester. 2 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
The aim of this course is to ascertain how to secure free self ex­
pression from the pupil in oral and written composition. Special
stress is placed upon oral composition, as speech functions more
largely than written composition in life. The prospective teacher is
made to realize the necessity of assisting the pupil to form clear per­
cepts and images as a basis for clear expression. The acquisition of a
vocabulary by the pupil and his manner of applying it in the expres­
sion of his thought is carefully studied. Easy and natural transition
fr.om oral to written composition is the end sought in the teaching of
composition. The use of standard measurements and tests in oral
and written composition is taught in connection with this course.
English 43—The Teaching of Oral and Silent Beading.
Group IV, 3rd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
The aim of this course is to enable the student to acquire skill in
the teaching of reading to beginners and the handling of the technique
of silent reading with older pupils. Attention is given to the develop­
ment of skill in the use of phonics. Consideration is given to the
psychological processes involved in reading. The student acquires

ENGLISH

21

familiarity witli the means of measuring efficiency in oral and silent
reading. The course includes a comparison of the principal methods
of teaching reading and is accompanied with observations of oral and
silent reading classes as well as the actual teaching of such classes.

English 14—Children’s Literature and Story Telling.
Group I, 4th semester. 3 periods, 2. hours’ credit.
This course involves the collection and study of literature in verse
and prose suited to children of this age. The selections are studied
lor the purpose of finding the elements contained therein that are likely
to appeal strongly to children. The study of folk tales and fairy stories
is included in this course.
The course in story telling covers the principles involved in telling
stories to children. It involves also the application of the principles
of child psychology and voice training to the telling of stories.

English 24—Juvenile Literature and Silent Keadlng.
Group II, 4th semester. 3 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
This course is planned to give a foundation for teaching literature
and silent reading to pupils of the intermediate grades.
It aims to give an adequate knowledge of those literary types
that are most suitable for children of this age.

Magazines and current literature are studied and selections made
from these sources as well as from standard authors.
A study is made of the difficulties that children meet in their effort
to comprehend thought from the printed page. Students are made
familiar with the scientific measurements'of silent reading.

English 34—Juvenile Literature and Silent Eeading.
Group III, 4th semester. 3 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
'
This course aims to make an intensive study of the literature suit­
able for pupils of the grammar grades and junior high school.
Emphasis is placed upon the ethical situations developed in the
reading of pupils of this age. The course also aims to .give students
control over the technique of teaching silent reading. Students become
familiar with the standard measurements of silent reading.

English 51.1—^Contemporary English Poets.
Elective, 1st or 3rd semesters. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course treats the works of the leading poets now living and
writing in England, including any who may have recently died, but
belong to the same group. The course is intended to give one literary
appreciation and insight into the ideals and activities of; present-day
Englishmen.

English 52.1^-Modern English Novelists.
Elective, 2nd or 4th semesters. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course is designed to give the student familiarity with the
modern novel as written in English. Some fundamental principles of
novel Btructive are presented. The leading works of various novelists
are studied, beginning with the year 1800 and extending to the present.

22

EDINBORO CATALOG
Latin 61.2, 52.2—Cicero :Orations.

Elective, 1st and 2nd or 3rd and 4th semesters, for students having
credit for two years’ Latin. 5 short periods, 3 hours’ credit each
semester.
The course includes the translation of six orations of Cicero, a study
of the political and social situation of his day, and the writing of
Latin prose after the model of'the text.

Latin 51.3, 52.3—TirgllrAeneid.
Elective, 1st and 2nd or 3rd and 4th semesters, for students having
credit for three years’ Latin. 5 short periods, 3 hours’ credit each
semester.
The course includes the translation of the first six books of the
Aeneid, a study of the content and significance of the poem, and a study
of the meter.

Latin 5L4—^Llvy and Cicero.
Elective, 1st or 3rd semester, for students having credit for four
years’ Latin. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
The chief work of the course is the translation of selected portions
of Livy’s historical writings and the translation of Cicero’s De Amicitia
and De Senectute. An effort is made to cultivate the ability to read
Latin easily and at sight, to secure grace in translation, an appreciation
of the literary worth of the authors, and a clear understanding of the
life and times in which they wrote.

LANGUAGES

23

Latin 52.4—Horace.
Elective, 2nd or 4th semester, for students having credit for four
years’ Latin and Latin 51.4. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
Selected Odes, Satires, and Epistles of Horace are translated, a
study is made of their structure and literary worth, their historical
background and social significance are considered, and famous English
translations of them are criticised.

French 51.6, 52.5—Elementai-y French, First Year.
Elective, 1st and 2nd or 3rd and 4th semesters. 5 short periods, 3
hours’ credit each semester.
The leading principles of French grammar are presented with
much drill to fix them; from 100 to 150 pages of easy graduated texts
are read with practice in turning into French easy variations of the
reading; dictation is given and conversation, with regard both to
pronunciation and to fluency, is practiced.

French 51.6, 52.6—Elementary French, Second Year.
Elective, 1st and 2nd or 3rd and 4th semesters, for students having
credit for First Year French. 5 short periods, 3 hours’ credit each
semester.
From 250 to 400 pages of French stories, plays,, historical and
biographical matter are read; oral and written abstracts of the read­
ing are required; dictation, conversation, and drill in grammar are
continued.

French 51.7, 52.7—Intermediate French.
Elective, 1st and 2nd or 3rd and 4th semesters, for students having
credit for two years’ French. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit each semester.
The translation comprises the reading of from 400 to 600 pages of
French of ordinary difficulty, a portion of which is in the dramatic
form. The course furnishes practice in speaking and writing French.
It consists of dictation, composition, reading and talks in French and
aims to enable the student to understand French when spoken and to
give him a thorough training in the use of the idioms-of the language.

Spanish 51.8, 52.8—Elementary Spanish, First Year.
Elective, 1st and 2nd or 3rd and 4th semesters. 5 short periods, 3
hours’ credit each semester.
The first year is devoted to the mastery of essentials of Spanish
grammar and the acquirement of a varied vocabulary on everyday
matters. Spanish is used as much as possible in the classroom. Con­
stant practice in composition and in dictation is given. From 100 to
150 pages of easy texts, illustrative of Spanish life and customs, are
read and furnish a basis for simple conversation.

Spanish 51.9, 52.9—Elementary Spanish, Second Year.
Elective, 1st and 2nd or 3rd and 4th semesters, for students having
credit for one year’s Spanish. 5 short periods, 3 hours’ credit each
semester.

24

EDINBORO CATALOG

From 260 to 400 pages of Spanish stories, plays, historical and
biographical matter are read; oral and written abstracts of the read­
ing are required; dictation, conversation^ and drill in grammar with
applications in composition are continued.

MATHEMATICS
Mathematics 12—The Teaching of Tiumber.
Group I, 2nd semester. 2 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
This course covers intensively the work in arithmetic of the first
three grades. Parallel with this, is a careful consideration of the ap­
proved methods of developing number concepts, of providing measure­
ments and other forms of application, of correlating the number work
with the work of other subjects, of conducting drill on number “facts”,
etc. The methods are Illustrated by the observation of actual work
with children, by demonstration lessons, and by the study and use of
simple apparatus and materials, visual aids, etc. A sketch of the his­
torical development of methods of teaching primary arithmetic is a
feature of the course.

Mathematics 22—The Teaching of Arithmetic.
Group II, 2nd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course aims to develop a systematic presentation of the facts
and principles of arithmetic with special emphasis upon the topics
that are most significant in the work of the intermediate grades. The
treatment illustrates at every step the most effective methods of teach­
ing arithmetic. Attention is given to the results of the recent experi­
ments in the psychological processes involved in the teaching of arith­
metic and to the measurement of efficiency in this subject by the
standard tests and scales. Observation of the teaching of arithmetic in
the intermediate grades is an essential part of the course.

Mathematics 82—The Teaching of Mathematics.
Group III, 2nd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course includes important topics in the teaching of arithmetic
in the seventh and eight grades and in the junior high school. Em­
phasis is placed upon the commercial and industrial applications of
arithmetic, with much practice in the making and solution of prob­
lems. Attention is given to the teaching of a course in composite
mathematics in the junior high school. The use of standard measure­
ments is given consideration. Observation of the teaching of mathe­
matics in these grades is a requirement of the course.

Mathematics 42—^The Teaching of Arithmetic.
Group IV, 2nd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course alms to present a systematic study of the topics in
arithmetic that are found in the course of study of the rural school.
A special effort is made to have students understand how to use the
resources of the country in supplying opportunities for the application

SCIENCE

25

of arithmetic. Attention is given to the psychology of arithmetic and
to the standard measurements in this subject. Observation is an es­
sential part of the course.

Mathematics 51—Intermediate Algebra.
Elective, 1st or 3rd semester, for students having credit for Ele­
mentary Algebra. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course begins with a review of quadratics and includes ratio
and proportion, the theory of exponents, evolution, theory of quad­
ratics, graphical interpretation of quadratics, binominal theorem for
fractional and negative exponents, arithmetic and geometric progres­
sions.

Mathematics 62—Advanced Algebra.
Elective, 2nd or 4th semester, for students having credit for Mathe­
matics 51. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course includes undetermined co-efficients, permutations and
combinations, determinants of the second, third, and fourth orders,
general theory of equations, and the solution of higher numerical equa­
tions.

SCIENCE
Science 1—Nature Study.
All groups, 1st semester. 3 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
The word nature study is used in a broad sense to cover all phases
of elementary science adapted to all groups. This course aims to give
the student a definite body of knowledge of common forms of environ­
mental materials and to supply the principles that yirill guide him in
selecting and using environmental materials wherever he may be
located. The course includes as wide a range of observation as possible
of materials which the prospective teacher may be called upon to use
in his work. Field trips are supplemented by laboratory study. For
teachers of the upper grades a differentiation is made in favor of
materials that supply the basis for further scientific study especially
in the field of biology.

Science 12—The Teaching of Geography.
Group I, 2nd semester. 1 period, 1 hour’s credit.
The emphasis in this course is upon the use of environmental ma­
terials for the purpose of developing in ths minds of the children cor­
rect geographical concepts as to directions, location, and geographical
forms. Students have practice in choosing materials for study, as
well as demonstrations of the materials and methods employed by
others. An attempt is made to furnish instructions that will enable the
student later to adapt his knowledge to the environment in which he
is teaching. A part of the time is devoted to laboratory and field work.

Science 22, 32, 42—The Teaching of Geography.
This is a general course in geography given from the standpoint of
man’s reaction to his environment and aims to coordinate fundamental

26

EDINBORO CATALOG

principles of geography. The course is developed from the viewpoint
of causal relations rather than the mere enumeration of facts and
principles. As far as time permits some study is made of regional
geography as a type of further application. Students get training in
the organization and the presentation of geographic data through the
use of the project and problem method; in the preparation and the use
of maps, graphs, diagrams, and other illustrative material; and in the
problems and methods involved in teaching field geography. Students
are made familiar with the use of standard educational measurements

BABCOCK MILK TEST

in geography. The observation of classes in the teaching of geography
is a necessary part of the course. Such differentiation in the applica­
tion of the above principles and methods is made for the different
groups as the course of study in geography requires.

Science 44—Agriculture.
Group IV, 4th semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
A large purpose of this course is to give to the teachers of rural
schools an insight into and a sympathy with the basic industry of the
rural population and to appreciate the larger aspects of this industry
as related to our national welfare. The rural teacher is instructed
how to relate a knowledge of agriculture to the experiences of rural
children with a view to motivating the teaching of the common
branches. Opportunity is offered for participation in agricultural pro­
jects so that teachers can Initiate and supervise projects with their
pupils. Through this course teachers come in touch with the leaders

SOCIAL STUDIES

27

of agricultural improvement and learn of the available sources of in­
formation on agricultural subjects.

Scieiie 51.1—'ChemistryrQualitative Analysis.
Elective, 1st or 3rd semester, for students having credit for Ele­
mentary Chemistry. 6 periods in laboratory, 3 hours’ credit.
This course will include blowpipe methods for testing various ele­
ments; the group system of separating the elements with a practical
application of the same in the detection of at least forty unknowns;
and the analysis of a number of commercial preparations. Each stu­
dent will report individually and be questioned on the methods of de­
termination. The problem method of teaching is utilized fully and the
habit of accurate observation developed.

Science 51.2—Advanced Greography.
Elective, 1st or 3rd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This advanced course in geography consists of (1) study of intro­
ductory geography with a careful working out of the astronomical,
climatic, and physiographic data; (2) an intensive study of the gen­
eral geography of North America using the problem method.

Science 52—^Greneral Geology.
Elective, 2nd or 4th semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
Some knowledge of zoology is desirable in the second half of this
subject. It is intended to make this course practical. Field and
laboratory work are required. Including identification and classification
of rocks, minerals and fossils in the large school collection. Each stu­
dent is required to have a working collection of rocks and minerals.
Library reading upon various topics of geology is done.

SOCIAL STUDIES
Social Studies 12—The Teaching of History.
Group I, 2nd semester. 1 period, 1 hour’s credit.
This course begins with the consideration of the aims and pur­
poses of history in the-primary grades. The course is devoted mainly
to a study and practice in oral presentation and dramatization; and a
consideration of the organization of material for special days, festi­
vals, and patriotic exercises. Particular advantage is taken of the
results of the work of Dewey in expressing historical movements
through industrial arts. This course gives attention to work in civics
with a view to having students teach children the fundamental civic
virtues and afford a basis of social experience for the interpretation
of new social situations as they arise. Emphasis is given to the teach­
ing of significant civic virtues through stories, poems, songs, drama­
tization and various pupil activities.

Social Studies 22^Tlie Teaching of History.
Group II, 2nd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course includes a study of such history as will equip students

28

EDINBORO CATALOG

to teach the history of the intermediate grades as recommended by the
state course of study. Observation of teaching in these grades is a
feature of the course.
Attention is given to teaching civics in the intermediate grades
The course for the fourth and fifth grades centers around the idea
of community cooperation emphasizing those who furnish us food,
clothing, shelter, medical aid, light, transportation, protection, etc.
The work for the sixth grade centers around the idea of industrial
cooperation with emphasis upon vocational opportunities, study of com­
munity service through occupations, and the qualifications required
for each occupation.

Social Studies 32—The Teaching of History.
Group III, 2nd semester. 3 . periods, 3 hours’ credit.
A course primarily for those specializing in social studies. An in­
tensive course in the teaching of American history with emphasis on
the European background. The difference between secondary and pri­
mary source material is shown and the student gets acquainted with
available source materials as well as acquires a knowledge of the prin-.
ciple text and reference books. The value and danger of historical
parallels is shown as well as the importance of relating the study of
history to current events. Students are taught to test historical data
and to interpret historical facts.
The teaching of community civics follows bulletin No. 23, 1915,
of the United States Bureau of Education. The larger responsibilities
of citizenship and of patriotism as revealed by the World War are pre­
sented and the student gets acquainted with the many books in these
fields available for children as well as the proper reference material
for the teacher.

Social Studies 42—The Teachlug of History.
Group IV, 2nd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This is a composite course in the teaching of history and civics
using as a basis the report of the Committee of Eight of the Amer­
ican Historical Association and bulletin No. 23, 1915, of the United
States Bureau of Education entitled “The Teaching 6f Community
Civics”. Special emphasis is laid upon the opportunities for citizen­
ship in rural communities and upon the ultimate dependence which
all civilization has upon the products of the soil. This course aims to
develop resourcefulness in the student in the use of available text and
reference books.

Social Studies 4—Citizenship.
All groups, 4th semester. 2 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
This course aims to define clearly the meaning of democracy and to
discuss the fundamental problems in a democratic sociak system; to
point out the community relationships as expressed in family, church,
school, industry and state to the development of democracy; to em­
phasize the responsibilities of the individual citizen in his vocation.

arts

in his political actlvites, in his use of leisure, and in the many
aspects of social intercourse to the life of democracy; and to make
clear the responsibilities of teachers and of public education.

Social Studies 44—Bnral Sociology.
Group IV, 4th Semester. 2 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
The primary aim of this course is the inculcation in the minds
of the students of a love for and just appreciation of the importance
of a healthy country life, and includes consideration of such topics as:
defects of present day country life, treated constructively; the lack
of rural pride and rural cooperation; land tenantry; migration from
the country to the city and its causes; cooperative buying and selling;
the need for scientific agriculture; the country home; the country
church; good roads; and the country school as an agent in intellectualizing, socializing, and spiritualizing country life.

Social Studies 51—American History to 1840.
Elective^ 1st or 3rd semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course is mainly narrative, emphasizing those features which
are generally regarded as most important. Its purpose is both to
broaden the resources of prospective teachers of American history, and
to supply a foundation for intensive study of special periods of Amer­
ican development. The work is based on a text book and collateral
reading.

Social Studies 52—American History, 1840-1920.
Elective, 2nd or 4th semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
This course treats a later period of American history than the one
preceding, but is otherwise similar in content and purpose.

Social Studies 53—Sociology.
Elective, 3rd semester only. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
The course in Sociology is designed to give the student a knowl­
edge of the evolution of social institutions, an acquaintance with pres­
ent day social problems, and some guiding principles toward their
solution.

Social Studies 54—Economics.
Elective, 4th semester only. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
A study of the general principles of political economy, including
factors and methods of production, systems of distribution kinds of
income, wealth, value, money, etc. A course designed to aid those who
must teach the rudiments in simpler form, and to be introductory to
detailed study of special subjects in economics. A text book is used.

ARTS
Arts 1—Art.
All groups, 1st semester. 4 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
The aim of this course is to enable students to teach the public
school course of study in drawing, including the representation of

EDINBORO CATALOG
coihmon objects, the elementary principles of design, lettering, com­
position, and color harmony in their application to dress, home,
school, and community interests; to give students facility and confi­
dence in their ability to draw and illustrate on the blackboard a wide
range of school subjects; to develop appreciation of art and ability to
teach pupils the appreciation of art including the study of pictures.
Such differentiation is made in this course for the different groups as
the course of study requires including the teaching of the elements
of mechanical drawing for the upper grades.

STUDENTS’ ROOM IN HAVEN HALL

Arts 1.1—Handwriting.
All groups, 1st semester. 4 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
At the beginning of this course the handwriting of students is
measured by one of the handwriting scales and if they fall below the
standard set for teachers they are put in special classes for practice.
The time of this course is devoted largely to methods of teaching
writing and to developing skill in blackboard writing. Students are
instructed in the results of the recent investigations in the psychology
of writing. Through measuring their own handwriting and the hand­
writing of children, students become acquainted with the use of hand­
writing scales.

Arts 12—Industrial Arts.
Group I, 2nd semester. 4 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
This course aims to instruct students in the use of various ma­
terials that will enable them to work out simple problems as they arise
out of the daily necessities of food, clothing and shelter. Students
learn to appreciate the problems that are within the interests of chil­

ARTS

31

dren and how such problems may be graded according to the child’s
control of technique. The course includes clay modeling, paper and
cardboard construction and simple problems in wood and textiles.
Students observe demonstrations of this work in the training school
and participate in such work.

Arts 23—Sewing.
Group II, 3rd semester. 2 periods, 1 hour’s credit.
The aim of this course is to enable students to teach simple stitches
to pupils of the fourth, fifth and sixth grades and to handle projects
in the making of various articles for personal and household use.

Arts 14—Industrial Arts.
Group I, 4th semester. 4 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
This course gives continued attention to the use of handwork as
an illustrative factor in the teaching of nature study, geography, his­
tory, literature, arithmetic, and the industrial activities of life.
Emphasis is given to technique and the organization of such forms of
handwork as may be used successfully in the regular class room. The
course includes work in paper and cardboard, bookmaking, basketry,
textiles, pottery, and wood. Students observe demonstration of this
work in the training school and participate in such work.

Arts 4—Music.
All groups, 4th semester. 4 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
This course presupposes a knowledge of the elements of music.
The purpose of this course is to fit students to teach music in the
public schools. The salient features of this course are: a treatment
of the child voice, a study of the tonal and rhythmic problems of each
grade, ear training, melody writing, sight reading, and part singing,
a study of the song material adapted to each grade, the use of the
phonograph to develop musical appreciation, and the development of
musical programs. Students are taught how to apply the standard
musical tests to discover musical talent. Observation and practice
teaching are a requirement of the course.

Arts 24—Prevocational Education.
Group II, 4th semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
The aim of this course is to enable students to develop for the
pupils of the fourth, fifth and sixth grades an elementary knowledge
of the industries concerned with the fundamental needs of clothing,
food and shelter. The construction of a house is the objective of the
course. It includes the making of paper furniture, the stenciling of
patterns and the weaving of fabrics on small hand looms, simple car­
pentry work necessary for the erection of a one-story house and its
partition into rooms, problems of distribution of size and space, con­
venience of access, and discussion of the question of lighting, heat­
ing, and ventilation, and the industries of carpentry, plastering,
plumbing, brick laying, stone masonry, etc. Students are taught to

/

EDINBORO CATALOG
motivate the handwork of this course through thgir ability to discuss
industrial processes, through excursions with their pupils to industrial
plants or observation of workmen engaged in industry, together with
the description and examination of materials.

Arts 61—CookeryElective, 1st or 3rd semester. 4 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
The aim of this course is to cover in a general way elementary
principles of cooking, and table setting and service.

BOYS’VARSITY, 1920

Elementary principles of cooking include classification of foods,
making of simple dishes to illustrate the food principles, and the ar­
rangement of balanced menus.
Table setting and the serving of simple meals is part of the work

of this course.

Arts 62.

Elective, 2nd or 4th semester, 4 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
The details of this elective in art will be announced in the fall.

HEALTH EDUCATION
Health 1.1—Personal and School Hygiene.
All groups, 1st semester. 2 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
Peesonal Hygiene—The aim of this course is to secure in the stu­

HEALTH EDUCATION

33

dents settled habits in the care of the body which will lead to stronger,
healthier and more efficient lives. The course aims to have students
understand the hygiene of posture, nutrition, clothing, exercise, fatigue,
rest and sleep; the causes of ill health and disease together with their
control and prevention. Only those facts of physiology and anatomy
which have special significance for hygiene are considered. The in­
structor will hold personal conferences with students as a part of the
course. The aim of this course is to equip the student with the
knowledge of school and child hygiene necessary for a teacher.
School Hygiene—The following topics are included: normal
growth and its standards; the ill effects of malnutrition, bad air, lack
of exercise, excessive exercise, lack of proper rest, defective vision,
defective hearing, adenoids, diseased tonsils; remedies for various de­
fects and the best methods of treating them from the school stand­
point; hygiene of program making; school sanitation including school
furniture, ventilation, heating, lighting, water supply, toilets, etc.;
Regulations of state and local boards of health; the problem of nutri­
tion as applied to school children with laboratory exercises in food
values and food preparation. Observation of good hygienic school
conditions and of good hygiene teaching is an important feature of
this course.

Health 12—Health Habits.
Group I, 2nd semester. 1 period, 1 hour’s credit.
This course deals with the best methods of inculcating in the child
proper habits of health, and includes methods of teaching cleanliness,
value of bathing, care of the teeth, proper diet, tooth brush drills,
proper clothing, protection of the eyes, importance of fresh air and
sunlight, protection against contagious diseases, causes of fatigue, and
the value of rest and recreation.

Health 1.2—Health Education.
All groups, 1st and 2nd semesters. 3 periods, li^ hours’ credit
each semester.
Two hours each semester—Physical Education—floor work; appar­
atus; marching; rhythmic work, inciuding clubs, wands, and folk
dancing; games; athletics including track and field events, tennis,
hockey, hiking, skating, etc. Corrective work including proper exer­
cises for students unable to take regular gymnasium work.
One hour each semester—a graded course in health education in­
cluding physical exercises and games arranged to meet the needs of
children at various stages of development through the grades. Dis­
cussion of the different theories of play, and the management and
equipment of playgrounds. First aid in emergencies is included.

Health 3, 4—Health Education.
All groups, 3rd and 4th semester. 3 periods, 114 hours’ credit
each semester.
Two hours each semester—Physical Education—floor work; appar­

34

EDINBORO CATALOG

atus; marching; rhythmic work, including clubs, wands, and folk
dancing; games; athletics, including track and field events, tennis,
hockey, skating, etc. Corrective work including proper exercises for
students unable to take regular gymnasium work.
One hour each semester—the graded course in health education
for children continued. Demonstration lessons and student teaching.
Athletic activities for use on playground. Physical examination of
school children.
Social Hygiene—a part of the time of this course is devoted to a
discussion of problems of heredity, environment, sex hygiene and
eugenics.

APPARATUS WORK

THREE YEAR COURSE IN NORMAL ART
Purpose

The purpose of this course is to train students for drawing and art
supervisors and teachers of the schools of western Pennsylvania.
Requirements

fob

Admission

In addition to the requirements for admission to the regular normal
courses (see page 8), a special examination to determine aptness in
drawing will be required.
Numbering

of

Courses

Courses beginning with the digit 4 are given especially for Normal
Art students. Descriptions of other courses required of these students
will be found under the respective departments of the regular Normal
curricula. Por the general scheme of numbering courses, see page 14.

NORMAL ART

35

NORMAL ART CURRICULUM
Name

Semester

of

|

Course

English I—English Fundamentals

......................... |

Arts I—Art* ....................................................................
Normal Art 41. i—Charcoal ....................................... 1
Normal Art 41.2—Pencil .............................................
Health 1.2—Health Education ..................................

I.

II.

Hours

REQUIRED

Hours’

|
!
I

CREDIT

3
4
6
6
3

3
2

6
6

i8^

Semester Total ....................................................

22

English 2—Oral E7:pression .......................................
Arts 12—Handwork ........................... ...........................
Normal Art 42.1—Watercolor ..................................
Normal Art 42.2—-Pen and Ink ......................
Health 1.2—Health Education ..................................

2
4
6
6
3

1
i
1

Semester Total ....................................................
1.1—English Composition .........................
i—Nature Study .........................................
Art 43.1—Pencil Sketching .....................
Art 43.2—Bookbinding and Construe-

2
3
2

Normal Art 43.3—Design ........................................
Normal Art 43.4—Oils .............................................
1 Health 3—Health Education ........... ........................

s
5
3

Semester Total ....................................................

22

English
Science
Normal
Normal
III.

English 2.1—English Composition .........................
Education 2—Psychology and Child Study.........
Normal Art 44.1—Modeling .................................. . •
Normal Aft 44.2— Mechanical
and
Machine
Drawing ..............................................................
Normal Art 44.3—Efficiency in Art Teaching..
Health 4—Health Education ....................................

IV.

Semester Total ....................................................

V.

■

Normal Art 45.1—Practice Teaching ............
Normal Art 45.2—Figure Drawing .......................
Semester Total ....................................................

2
2

5

2

2

3

3

4

2

6

6

3
3
21

3^
I

17^4

10

10

9

9

19

19

■ Education 4—History and Principles of Educa-

VI.

Normal Art . 46.1—Curriculum in Art................
Normal Art 46.2—History of Art ....................
Normal Art 46.3—Applied Design .........................
Semester Total ..................................................
Total ......................................................

Required of all regular Normal students.

4

4

10

10

I

3

i8

123

I

2

17

107

36

EDINBORO CATALOG
DETAIL OF COURSES IN NORMAL ART
Normal Art 41.1—Charcoal.

Normal Art group, 1st semester. 6 periods, 6 hours’ credit.
With charcoal as a medium fundamental principles of drawing, as
light and shade and perspective, are taught. Studies are made from
still life and from casts representing historic ornament, animals, and
the human figure and parts thereof.

new art room

Normal Art 41.2—Pencil.
Normal Art group, 1st semester. 6 periods, 6 hours’ credit.
A study is made of the accented line by drawings of still life and
groups of common objects. Articles of furniture are drawn. Flower
drawing is part of this course.

Normal Art 42.1—Watercolor.
Normal Art group, 2nd semester. 6 periods, 6 hours’ credit.
The work of this course begins with the fiat wash. Twelve copies
of landscape are made with special attention to skies, clouds, fore­
grounds, and trees. The relative merits of the wet method and the
dry method are demonstrated. Flower drawing is taught by the
build-up” method. Two certificate sheets of still life are made.

NORMAL ART

37

Normal Art 42.2—^Pen and Ink.
Normal Art group, 2nd semester. 6 periods, 6 hours’ credit.
An important aim of this course is to teach the value of line. To
this end drawings of a wide range of subjects are made, including
geometric solids, hats, reproductions of headings and tail pieces’ book
plates, and a sheet of common symbols.

Normal Art 43.1—^Pencil Sketching.
Normal Art group, 3rd semester. 2 periods, 1 hour’s credit.
This course may be described as pencil painting. Copies of twelve
plates are made. Ten original sketches of trees and ten of houses are
required.

Normal Art 43.2—^Bookbinding and Construction.
Normal Art group, 3rd semester. 2 periods, 1 hour’s credit.
The mechanical details of bookbinding and construction and ele­
mentary principles of structural design are studied and practiced in
this course.

Normal Art 43.3^—Design.
Normal Art group, 3rd semester. 5 periods, 5 hours’ credit.
This is a course in the theory and practice of design. Among the
topics studied are the theory of color, the value of line, mass with
reference to balance, harmony, and rhythm, historic ornament, and
modern design. A portfolio of examples is made. The work includes
monogram, stencil, block printing, poster making, advertising, and
costume design.

Normal Art 43.4—Oils.
Normal Art group, 3rd semester. 5 periods, 5 hours’ credit.
Studies are made of still life and landscape in oils. Three or four
certificate sheets and twenty poche art sketches are required.

Normal Art 44.1—Modeling.
Normal Art group, 4th semester. 4 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
Historic ornament in modeling, as the rosette and acanthus, is
studied. Modeling is practiced both in round and in relief, and casts
are made of the human hand, foot, and face.

Normal Art 44.2—^Mechanical and Machine Drawing.
Normal Art group, 4th semester. 6 periods, 6 hours’ credit.
The subjects treated include lettering, lines and cross sections,
theory and practice of projection and development, screw threads,
copies of blue prints, blue prints from objects, house construction from
blue prints, and an original design of a bungalow.

Normal Art 44.3—Efficiency in Art Teaching.
Normal Art group, 4th semester. 3 periods, 3 hours’ credit.
In addition to the fundamental matters that condition efficiency in
all teaching, this course treats the problems peculiar to the art super­
visor. The relationship within the school system of the work in art

38

EDINBORO catalog

is considered. The ordering, care, and distribution of supplies is
treated in connection with a consideration of the comparative merits
of the firms that handle artists’ supplies. The time schedule for art
is studied. Special attention is given to the problem of instructing
the teachers who work under the supervisor.

Normal Art 45.1—Student Teaching of Art.
Normal Art group, 5th semester. 10 periods, 10 hours’ credit.
Two consecutive sixty-minute periods a day, five days weekly, for
one semester are given to student teaching. Plan forms are used upon
which all lessons taught by students are planned. Students intending
to be art supervisors are given as wide a range of teaching as possible.

Normal Art 45.3—Figure Drawing.
Normal Art group, 5th semester. 9 periods, 9 hours’ credit.
Drawing of the figure from the draped model is done in sanguine,
oils, and designers’ colors. The principles of composition are practiced
in charcoal.

Normal Art 46.1—Curriculum in Art.
Normal Art group, 6th semester. 10 periods, 10 hours’ credit.
This course trains the student to make a complete plan of work in
art for an entire school system, grade by grade. These outlines must
be adapted to rural or city schools of a given size, correlated with
other school subjects, timed to fit the school year, and every lesson
must be illustrated and fully developed. Supplies and material for one
year’s use must be listed with the outline.

Normal Art 46.3—History of Art.
Normal Art Group, 6th semester. 1 period, 1 hour’s credit.
The development of an appreciation of pictures is an aim of this
course. The characteristics of the different schools of art are consid­
ered and a study is made of American art.

Normal Art 46.8—AppUed Design.
Normal Art group, 6th semester. 3 periods, 2 hours’ credit.
The student is given training in the tasteful application of design
to a wide range of objects, including jewelry, leather, basketry, and
bookbinding.

THE HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Who May Attend
Paragraph “8” of the requirements for admission to Pennsylvania
State Normal Schools, adopted March 23, 1920, reads as follows; “For
the present the normal schools shall, when necessary, conduct a sec­
ondary department of first class high school grade for those students
who do not have similar high school facilities available in their home
communities.’’

HIGH SCHOOL

39

Under this rule no student under twenty-one years o£ age, resid­
ing in a community having first class high school facilities can be admittet} to the high school department. Students residing In com­
munities offering less than a standard high school course will be
admitted for the completion of the required fifteen units.
Requirements

for

Graduation

Graduation from the high school department will be based on the
completion of fifteen Carnegie units. The Carnegie unit represents
the equivalent of one hundred and twenty sixty-minute hours of class
work requiring outside preparation.
Classification

and

Numbering

of

High School Courses

All courses are classified under six departments ap follows: (1)
English, (2) Mathematics, (3) Science, (4) Social Studies, (5) Foreign
Languages, (6) Arts.
All courses are numbered above 100. The left digit is the number
of the department. The second digit, if 1 or 2, indicates the semester;
if 0, it indicates that the course continues throughout the year. The
right digit and any digit connected by a dash Indicate the year or
years in which the course is reqtiired or may be elected. The decimal
is used to differentiate two or more courses of the same department
required or elective in the same year.
The High School Course

of

Study

The fifteen units, seven required and eight elective, are to be se­
lected from the following:

40

EDINBORO CATALOG
Units

1.

2.

3-

4-

5.

6.

1
2
3
4
5
6

English ...........................................................................
111 English Composition ■.............................
121 English Classics ........................... ...........
112 English Classics ......................................
122 English Composition .............................
113 English Composition ..........................
123 English Classics ......................................
114 English Classics .......................................
124 English Composition ...........................
Mathematics ................................................
201 Algebra ..........................................................
202-3 Plane Geometry ....................................
213-4 Solid Geometry .......................
Science ......................................................
301-2 General Science ....................................
303. Physics ..........................................................
304 Chemistry ....................................................
Social Studies.........................................................
401 Ancient History .......................................
402-3 Medieval and Modern History___
414 American History ........................... ..
424 Problems of Democracy .................... ..
Foreign Languages .........................................
Sor-3 First Year Latin ....................................
502-4 Caesar.........................................................
503.1 Cicerol .............................................
504.1 -^irgil2 ........................................................
503.2 LKiementary French, First Years..
504.2 Elementary French, Second Year4
503.3 Elementary Spanish, First Years..
504.3 Elementary Spanish, Second Years
Arts .....................................................................
603-4.1 Freehand Drawing .................... ..
603-4.2 Mechanical Drawing .........................
603-4.3 Manual Training . ..............................
603-4.4 Cookery .....................................

Identical
Identical
Identical
Identical
Identical
Identical

with
with
with
with
with
with

Latin 5 1.2, 52.2, for description see p. 22.
Latin 5 ^•3. 52.3, for description see p. 22.
French 5i-S» 52.5, for description see p. 23.
French 51.6, 52.6, for description see p. 23.
Spanish 51.8, 52.8, for description see p. 23.
Spanish 5i-9> 52.9, for description see p. 23.

required
3

Units*

credit

%

V2
V2

2

Ye
Y2
o

o

%
Y2
V2

EXPENSE

41

EXPENSES
EXPENSES IN ALL DEPARTMENTS
Scliool
First
Second Summer Less than
semester
Year
Semester Semester
Term
40 Weeks 20 WeekS|20 Weeks 6 Weeks or term
per week
NORMAL,

ART, AND

HIGH

Room, Board and Laundry................ J $280.00
I
80.00
Semester and Summer Term Fee2.. 1
20.00
1
Laboratory
Agriculture 3..................................
Chemistry4 ....................................... 1
6.00
Cooking ......................................... 1
10.00

SCHOOL DEPARTMENTS

$140.00
40.00
10.00

$140.00
40.00
10.00

$ 42.00
12.00
10.00

$

7-50
2.00

$

$

1.25
2.50
.50

3-00
5-00

MUSIC DEPARTMENT

One 30-minute lesson weekly.
Two 30-minute lessons weekly
Piano practice (i hour a day)

• i $ 40.00
•1
75-00
.|
16.00

$ 20.00
37-50
8.00

$ 20.00
37-50
8.00

6.00
12.00
3.00

The tuition is free to students who are seventeen years of age or over and
who declare their intention to teach in the State of Pennsylvania for two years.
2 The semester and term fee includes enrolment, athletic, and entertainment fees.
3 In addition, breakage of material is charged at actual cost.

All expenses for the semester are due at the time of registration.
The semester lee is required of all students in the normal, art, and
preparatory departments, hut is not required of students taking private
lessons only. Payment of this lee entitles students to free admission
to all athletic contests, to all numbers of the entertainment course,
and to all other lectures and entertainments given by the school
authorities.
An extra charge of 50 cents per week will be made to students who
room alone. Electric lamps will he replaced in students’ rooms during
the term only at the expense of the occupants. Dormitory students
are required to furnish their towels, napkins-, toilet articles, and bed
comforts.
Deductions
No deductions will be made from the term rates in any depart­
ment of the school for students who are absent during all or part of
the last three weeks of the term, nor for those who enter any time
during the first two weeks of the term.
No deductions will be made for a period of time less than two weeks
and for a greater period of time only for sickness, certified to by the
attending physician, or for an equally good reason, and in no case
will the refund be more than fifty per cent of the regular charge for
the period of absence.

42

EDINBORO CATALOG
Laundry

Laundry work, including ironing, not to exceed twelve plain pieces
a week, will be done by the school. Extra pieces will be charged at
reasonable rates. Great care is exercised in the handling of students’
laundry, but the school will not be responsible for loss or damage.

TRACK MEET-HURDLES

Regulations
Each student will be held accountable for any damage to his room.
It is understood that by the resolution of the board of trustees
adopting this schedule of rates, all former resolutions, special regula­
tions, and privileges whatsoever are revoked, and that, after Septem­
ber 1, 1920, the rates herein given shall be the registrar’s only guide
and authority in arranging rates and assessing bills for any and all
patrons of the Edinboro State Normal School.
The Alumni Loan Fund
The Alumni Loan Fund was started by the class of 1915. Each
succeeding class has added to the fund until it amounts to nearly
$500.00. It is administered by a board consisting of the president
and the chairman of the finance committee of the board of trustees
and the principal. The principal acts as the secretary-treasurer and
the agent of the board.
Loans, without interest, not to exceed $100.00 a year, are made to
students under the conditions laid down in the by-laws by which the
fund is administered. All applications for loans and all inquiries
should be made to Principal Frank E. Baker, Edinboro, Pa.

INFORMATION
GENERAL INFORMATION
What Edinboro Means
Without considering the aim of the state, the Edinboro State Nor­
mal School means several things for the boys and girls of the twelfth
district.
It means that a piant has been established for them at a cost of
over $400,000 of the people’s money.
It means that this plant is maintained in the matters of heat, light,
and care, at the expense of the commonwealth.
It means that the entire force of instructors is paid by the state.
It means that the cost to the student is only for board and personal
expenses.
It means that education which would cost five or six hundred dol­
lars a year elsewhere is furnished at a cost of three hundred dollars
here.
It means, in practical result, that the state lends money for the
education of its young; that the loan is to be paid, not in cash, but in
two years’ teaching service, and that that service, besides discharging
the debt, brings the one who renders it a reasonable wage.
Advantages
Edinboro offers the advantages of a school atmosphere charged
with the spirit of good work, of honest thinking, and of plain dealing.
This spirit is manifested in every department of school life, in the
care of the grounds an buildings, as weil as in classes in psychology
and mathematics. As a state school, everything is done to better the
training of those who are to undertake the state’s most important work.

To Edinboro
Edinboro is reached by the lines of the Northwestern Pennsyl­
vania Railway Company, which connects at Erie with the Lake Shore,
Nickle Plate, Bessemer, Philadelphia and Erie, and the Erie and Pitts­
burgh Railroads; at Cambridge Springs with the Erie; at Harmonsburg with the Bessemer; and at Linesville with the Erie and Pitts­
burgh, and the Bessemer. In Erie, baggage checks shouid be delivered
to the Brie Transfer Company, which will transfer baggage to the
station of the Northwestern Pennsyivania Railway Company. All
baggage should be checked “Normal School.”
At Edinboro
On reaching Edinboro, students should go immediately to the prin­
cipal’s office in Normai Hall to register. One-half of the term’s ex­
penses is payable on registration; the balance becomes due at the mid­

44

EDINBORO CATALOG

die of the term. Books may be purchased or rented at the book room.
A deposit of the price of the books is required when the books are tak­
en. This deposit, minus rental, is refunded on the return of the books.
Rooms
Rooms in Reeder Hall and Haven Hall should be reserved, as there
may not be enough to accommodate all who apply. Reservations
should be made as early as possible. Students may room and board
with private families in the town, with the consent of the principal.

matron’s:room_in haven hall

In case the dormitories cannot accommodate all who apply for
rooms, permission will be given to room with private families and
board in the school dining hall.
There is on file at the office a list of all householders who have
accommodations for students. Some landlords have specially fitted
rooms for those students, who, because their homes are near enough
to permit a week-end visit, wish to board themselves. While the prac­
tice is not as common as it was a few years ago, for some students
it is both economical and pleasant.

ACTIVITIES
Church

and

Religion

As a state school, religious denominationalism is barred. There
are in Edinboro four prosperous congregations, which students are urg­
ed to join in public worship. The Presbyterians, the Adventists, the
Baptists and the Methodists are represented. The Catholic boys and
girls usually attend the services at Cambridge Springs. Among the
students there are various religiou,? organizations that are prosperous
and effective in the students’ lives.
Rules
The state law lays down a heavy course of study. The chief rule
of the institution is the study hour. This means that while recitations
are in session, from 8:30 a. m. to 4:00 p. m., and during evening study
period, from 7:00 to 10:00, all students are to devote themselves
to the work of the school. In the fulfillment of this law rests the whole
matter of discipline. A student who comes to do the work and applies
himself to the best of his ability has little time to spend on other
matters.
A Co-educational School
As a school for boys and girls little is to be said, except that in
every way possible is the best spirit of education fostered. The matter
of boys and girls on the same campus is not looked upon as a neces.sary evil, but as a wholesome situation lor just the type of educational
work that a normal school must do.
Entertainment Course
The school has nearly completed arrangements for an artists’
course, to be given during the year, which will include artists of
the highest rank. Pietro Yon will give a recital at the time of the
organ dedication. May Peterson has been engaged to sing in the
fall. John Barnes Wells and Edwin Whitney will give recitals later
in the year.
Student Activities
For a detailed account of life on the campus and of student organ­
izations, write for a copy of the booklet Edinboro Life.

46

EDINBORO CATALOG
SUMMARY OF ENROLMENT
Boys

Graduates
..

8

.. 18
.. 16
Music Students
—
Summer Term
—

Total .................................
Deduct those counted twice.
Total enrolment for the year___

Girls
30
14
60
14
9
23
10

Total
1
36
22
73
32
25
31
11

—

—

160
146

231
160

—

—

306’
9

391
9

297

382

CLASS ROLLS
Graduate

Hopkins, J. Harold

Edinboro

Seniors, Regular Normal Course
GIRLS

Baird, Marian Autumn..........................
Battles, Irene Lillian...............................
Carpenter, A. Lucile................................
Bnglert, Margaret Aurelia.......................
Evans, Margery...........................................
Evans, Mary Lewis...................................
Gigliotti, Louise........................ .................
Gillespie, Joyce Imogens........................
Gillette, Elizabeth G.................................
Hurlburt, Cecils Elizabeth......................
Hutchinson, Alzina Ardis.......... ..............
Jeffords, Grace Reeder..............................
Jenkins, Lydia Ruth.................................
Jenkins, Mildred Levera.........................
Lockard, Gladys Victoria........................
Mathews, Doratha May............................
Meyer, Vera Catherine.........................

................................ Edinboro
.....................................Girard
............ Townville, R. D. 1
.......... 326 E. 3rd St, Erie
...................Edinboro, R. D.
................... Edinboro, R. D.
........ 2905 Poplar St., Erie.
............................... Edinboro

............. .............Townville
......................... Sugar Grove
Cambridge Springs, R. D.
. . ...........Edinboro, R. D. 5
• • • ..........................Edinboro
............................... Edinboro
..................
Edinboro
...................... Harmonsburg
...................... Erie, R. D. 7

ENROLMENT
Miller, Ina Mae................
Miller, Nellie E................
Phifer, Margaret ............
Pittaway, Ethel Roberta
Rubner, Florence Velma.
Scullen, Gertrude Lucile.
Shriver, Isla Gherlng.. ..
Strobel, Rose Matilda...
Swaney, Leora Lillian...
Thelin, Emma Johanna..
Whipple, Mable Esther. .
Wood, Julia Anne............
Wygle, Harriet Leona. ..

47

..............834 E. 29th St., Erie
................ Guys Mills, R. D. 1
..................................... Edinboro
.......................... North Girard
......................................Edinboro
............... Saegertown, R. D. 3
......................................Diamond
................ Edinboro, R. D. 4
.................. Edinboro, R. D. 2
1931 Penna. Ave. E., Warren
......................................Edinboro
................... Franklin, R. D. 5
................. Linesville, R. D. 2
BOYS

Bonney, Milton Samuel..........................
Cochran, Alfred Leon.............................
Dundon, Roscoe Charles......................
Hotchkiss, Norton.....................................
Warner, Charles Levi..............................
Webster, Clark Beverly........................
Seniors, High School

and

.. . .Wattsburg, R. D. 1
........................... Edinboro
............................Edinboro
Conneautville, R. D. 5
........ Edinboro, R. D. 1
............................Edinboro
College Preparatory

GIRLS

Clow, Ethyl ................
Crandall, Florence .. .
Cunningham, Grace...
Edgerton, Esther ....
Fellows, Lois................
Howland, Meryl ........
Kline, Esther L..........
Leacock, Rose Aileen.
Lewis, Florence............
McCommons, Ruth ..
Proud, Lucile Miriene
Pulling, Cucile............
Pulling, Ruth ............
Shrader, Jennette........

..................................Edinboro
..................................Edinboro
............... Edinboro, R. D. 4
................................. Edinboro
............... Edinboro, R. D. 5
................................. Edinboro
................................. Edinboro
............... Edinboro, R. D. 1
Cambridge Springs, R. D.
..................
.Edinboro
.........................
Edinboro
.................................Edinboro
..........................
Edinboro
............... Edinboro, R. D. 1
BOYS

Allen, Marlin ....................
Blystone, Alba......................
Bonner, Stanley Burton..'
Culbertson, Thomas ........
Gardner, Kenneth Clinton
Henry, Arthur Glenn........

..................................... Edinboro
Cambridge Springs, R. D. 2
..................................... Edinboro
....................
Edinboro
..................................... Edinboro
.................. Edinboro, R. D. 4

EDINBORO CATALOG
Kellogg, Elmer Okley.................................... Cambridge Springs, R. D. 6
Reynolds, L. Lee................................................................................Edinboro
Juniors, Regular Normal Course
GIRLS

Bailey, Leona Donna..................
Bauscbard, Lucille Elizabeth.. .
Birchard, Eva B............................
Blystone, Ellen Janette............
Blystone, Madolene....................
Craig, Marian Irene....................
Crawford, Grace L......................
Croweli, VeEtta.............................
Darrow, Arlene ........................
Findley, Marion Catherine....
Firth, Alice Brown.....................
Folwell, Sarah Helen................
Foster, Leah Lenore..................
Foulk, Gladys Frances..............
Gleeten, Donna Evelyn............
Gleeten, Nina Leita....................
Halfast, Helen Louise................
Hall, Ellen ...................................
Herrick, Vivian Angelina........
Hersperger, Mary Margaret...
Hinckley, Eva Lucile................
Hood, Iva Belle............................
Howard, Grace Nellie................
Johnston, Estella Belle............
Joslin, Evelyn Leona..................
Klingensmith, Olive Addie....
Larkin, Catherine Lucy............
Larkin, Frances Monica..........
Line, Dorothy May......................
Longwill, Gladys..........................
McCormick, Regina Sara..........
McCracken, Mabel M................
McKay, Nancy Catherine..........
McMinn, Ruth Elizabeth............
Mitchell, Louise Evelyn............
Mitchell, Mary Isabel................
Mohring, Helen Marie................
Murphy, Mary Irene................
Patterson, Elizabeth Calpurnia
Pratt, Ernestyne Marguerite..
Pulling, Edith Pamalia............

................... 1053 E. 5th St, Erie
.................. 646 W. 10th St, Erie
...Cambridge Springs, R. D. 4
...Cambridge Springs, R. D. 2
.......................Venango, R. D. 1
...................... Transfer, R. D. 52
..406 E. Walnut St, Titusville
.............................. Corry, R. D. 2
......................................... Edinboro
.............. 707 Lincoln Ave., Erie
..................................Sugar Grove
................. Pleasantville, R. D. 1
........ 139 N. 13th St.. Franklin
........................ Atlantic, R. D. 52
......................................... Edinboro
.......................Edinboro, R. D. 6
.........................Edinboro, R. D. 2
............................... Corry, R. D. 8
......................................... Edinboro
.............. .347 W. 18th St, Erie
...................................... Bear Lake
.......... ............Meadville, R. D. 4
................................ Erie, R. D. 3
............ 533 Fruit Ave., Farrell
............................. Albion, R. D. 2
............................ Atlantic, R. D.
..................... 522 E. 4th St, Erie
.................. 522 E. 4th St, Erie
....................... Meadville, R. D. 2
.............. 623 Park Ave., Farrell
................ 1345 W. 10th St. Brie
..................................... Sharpsville
.............. Espyville Sta., R. D. 1
.................................Harmonsburg
..................... Cochranton, R. D. 5
............................
.Cooperstown
.................................North Girard
........ ;.1040 W. 4th St., Erie
............................... Utica, R. D. 1
1105 N. Main St., Tulsa, Okla.
....................... Edinboro, R. D. 2

ENROLMENT
Range, Florence Luclle........
Russell, Vera Irene..................
Schreiner, Mary Elizabeth...
Sedgwick, Mildred Lucile...,
Shollenberger, Ruth Minerva
Sikes, lone V.,......................
Simpson, Bertha Mary............
Spencer, Mildred Rebecca....
Stritzinger, Nell E....................
Swift, Freda Katherine........
TeWinkle, Bertha....................
Thompson^ Josephine Edith.
Tobin, Ellen..............................
Tyndall, Edith Autumn..........
Tyndall, Maribelle Etta..........
White, Sarah Mildred..............
Wilson, Kathleen Alsobrook..
Winans, Marie Iva..................
Winton, March Mildred..........

49
....Union City, R. D. 3
.............. Oil City, R. D. 2
...425 W. 11th St., Erie
.............. Edinboro, R. D.
.... Greenville, R. D. 46
..................................Girard
...................Utica, R. D. 1
................. Corry, R. D. 5
.. .325 W. 20th St, Erie
............................. Edinboro
.................. Clymer, N. Y.
104 S. Erie St., Mercer
............................. Edinboro
....Union City, R. D. 3
---- Union City, R. D. 3
.... Saegertown, R. D. 3
...203 East St., Warren
.......................... .Townville
........ Townville, R. D. 4

BOYS

Carter, Durward Wyatt....
Carter, Rolla Bryan............
Buncombe, Francis Lew...
Eaton, Alonzo Guy..............
Hollenbeck, Donald..............
^ Landers, Merritt Mark....
Leacock, Clinton Thomas..
Mallory, Royce Ryan..........
Nason, Merle B....................
Skelton, Floyd E..................
Timmons, Joseph Benjamin
Washburn, Merle Steven...
Whipple, Carl E....................

Union City, R. D. 3
........ Albion, R. D. 1
,. . .Waterford, R. D.
................ Edinboro
..Edinboro, R. D. 2
. Cambridge Springs
..................... Edinboro
..................... Edinboro
..................... Edinboro
..................... Edinboro
........Edinboro, R. D.
..Edinboro, R. D. 4
..................... Edinboro

Juniors, High School

and

College Preparatory

GIRLS

Beil by, Helen MacAlpine........................
Black, Elizabeth.........................................
Flynn, Doris............ ..................................
Gifford, Adaline .......................................
Hanson, Virene Ruth.. •........................
Hotchkiss, Leanor Effa...........................
Jenness, Rebecca........................................
Jervis, Florence Mae...............................
McLallen, Ethel Naomi..........................

.. .Oil City, R. D. 2
.Cambridge Springs
..Edinboro, R. D. 3
..................... Edinboro
..................... Edinboro
..................... Edinboro
Cranesville, R. D. 1
.....................Edinboro
.. .Waterford, R. D.

50

EDINBORO CATALOG

Miller, Bernice Marguerite...
Payne, Opal Lovina..................
Peel, Katherine B......................
Powell, Marian ......................
Sanders, Margaret P.................

.............. Spartansburg, R. D. 1
___Cambridge Springs, R. D.
... Cambridge Springs, R. D. 5
BOYS

Barnett, Joseph..........................
Bloomquist, Vincent L.............
Flynn, Carl ...............................
Gardner, Marion........................
Greiner, Irvin J..........................
LeSuer, Walter..........................
Lutz, Earl Lawrence..............
McCommons, Wallace ............
Millspaw, Carl..........................
Mook Milo M..............................
Pulling, Miles W......................
Reeder, John .............................
Reno, Norman............................
Reynolds, Lynn .................. ...
Snyder, Sylvester James........
Swanson, David ......................
Washburn, Wayne................ ....
Weaver, Charles M., Jr............

.........................................Edinboro

Sophomores, Regular Normal Course

and

College Preparatory

GIRLS

Buseck, Erma L................
Calabrese, Elvira Marie.
Dale, Melba Naomi..........
Flynn, Dorothy Marie...
Harned, Thelma Lovina
Jones, Dorothy Mildred.,
Lindberg, Lydia Emelia.
Nason, Bernice Esther.
Roberts, Josephine Edna

.............................Erie, R. D. 2
.............. 531 Huron St., Erie
•.............132 E. 10th St, Erie
.......... 803 Sassafras St, Erie
Cambridge Springs, R. D. 2
.............. Mill Village, R. D. 1
.......................... Corry, R. D. 5
.....................................Edinboro
................ Union City, R. D. 6
BOYS

Amy, Willard Irwin.................................
Autate, Oscar Joseph...........................
Bertram, Nelson Drake..........................
Brown, Paul DeWitt.................................
Brown, Shirley Addison.............. .....
Chresafls, John...........................................

,

,

........... ..................^

.Cambridge Springs
.................... Edinboro
.. Cambridge Springs
Union City, R. D. 3
.Cambridge Springs
. .Y. M. C. A., Erie

ENROLMENT

51

.........................................Waterford, R. D.
.............................803 Sassafras St., Erie
....................................229 Peach St., Erie
........................................................Edinboro
..........................................................McKean
...............................................Spartansburg
.........................;................Edinboro, R. D.
..................................................
Edinboro
345 S. Niagara St, Tonawanda, N. Y.
............................................... Erie, R. D. 4

Fish, Floyd Charles..........
Flynn, Francis Edward..
Kenyon, John Walton....
Lendzion, Frank Thomas
Long, Lloyd Almond....
Morris, Glenn B................
Sherwood, Leslie Vincant,
Tarbell, Jesse J................
Troutman, Leroy B..........
Wolfe, Marshall Charles.

Teachers’ Course
GIRLS

.................... Conneaut Lake
..............................Jamestown
......................Corry, R. D. 7
...............Edinboro, R. D. 4
..............................Centerville
.............. ...... Venus, R. D. 1
.......................... .Youngsville
..................... Girard, R. D. 3
............... Stoneboro, R. D. 1
........................Corry, R. D. 3
..................... Corry, R. D. 3
............ Shinglehouse, R. D.
............................. Union City
.......... North East, R. D. 3
............ Cambridge Springs
608 Prospect St, Warren
............... Edinboro, R. D. 5
.......... Union City, R. D. 2
........................... Pleasantville
.56 Bridge St.„ Union City

Anderson, Mrs. Emma............
Artman, Esther Matilda........
Baccus, Allene........................ •
Blystone, Alice Genevieve....
Buckley, Frances ....................
Detrich, Helen Melverta........
Driscoll, Helen Frances........
Fiesler, Alice M........................
Lackey, Marguerite..................
McCray, Elenora Belva......
McCray, Nellie Mae................
Newton, Mrs. Eva....................
Parkin, Rachel Marie...% ...
Post, Iva......................................
Powell, Mrs. Leona Humes..
Selander, Ellen Emella..........
Sherwood, Elizabeth Malvine
Tyndall, Zelah Mary................
Voorus, Blanche .... ?..........
Warren, Mattie Eliza..............
ROTS

Allen, Milton Dan....................................
Burch, Frank LaVerne............................
Cochran, Carl ...........................................
Coon, Carmon D......................................
Dllley, John Thomas..............................
Lawrence, Charles ...................................
Ryan, William J.......................................
Wellmon, Durward V..............................

.. .Waterford, R. D. 1
,. 1044 W. 8th St., Erie
..................... Cochranton
..................... Saegertown
................
Hadley
......................... Edinboro
1137 W. 20th St., Erie
... Centerville, R. D. 4

Music 'Students

Butterfield, Linda Catherine
Culbertson, Lena ..................

713 Va W. 7th St., Erie
........................ Edinboro

52

EDINBORO CATALOG

Elwinger, Dorothy Ellen
Harned, Lillian Belle....
Hawkins, Glenda ............
Lewis, Dorothy..................
Minium, Velma E..............
Nelson, William ..............
Philp, Prances L..............
Ryan, Marion Ethel........
Skelton, Helen Wade....

..................................... Edinboro
Cambridge Springs, R. D. 2
..................................... Edinboro
.................. Edinboro, R. D. 4
..................................... Edinboro
..................................... Edinboro
..................................... Edinboro
................................. Waterford
..................................... Edinboro

Summer Term Enrolment
GIRLS

Anderson, Lola Maude........
Anderson, Mildred ..............
Bacon, Elizabeth Alice........
Barney, Mrs. Prances E....
Bash, Marian Irene................
Beach, Helen Gertrude........
Beggs, Mary Elizabeth..........
Bell, Lena Mae........................
Blanden, Elaine Matllle....
Blystone, Bertha Louise. .. .
Bonham, Gertrude................
Bradford, Edith Ida............
Brown, Helen .......................
Bruner, Bernice Bonnybelle
Buckley, Prances ..................
Calabrese, Elvira Marie ...
Calkins, Edna Salome ........
Cauvel, Pireda Willard ....
Chestnut, Leona Anne........
Cooper, Lepha Catherine ...
Corey, C. Vivian .................;
Coulter, Mary Theresa ....
Covert, Nola Elizabeth . ...
Crooks, Katherine................
Crowe, Blanche Elizabeth ..
Crowl, Mrs. Nina Durham .
Cummings, Ethel Louise ..
Darling, Ruth Ethel ............
Davis, Ruth Anderson ........
DeWalt, Prances Willard ..
Dimmick, Marian Louise...
Donaldson, Esther Marian .
Donnell, Mildred Marion ...
Dunn, Dorothy Catherine ..

................... Meadville
■................Meadville
................... Meadville
................. Wattsburg
................. Greenville
......................... Butler
............ Sandy Lake
............... Cochranton
................... Edinboro
................... Edinboro
............... Cochranton
.................Centerville
................. Linesville
................... Titusville
............... Centerville
............................. Erie
...............North East
................... Diamond
................. Greenville
............ Sugar Grove
........................... Kane
............ Pleasantville
............... Grove City
—...............Corydon
Cambridge Springs
.Cambridge Springs
............................. Erie
...............North East
................... Pranklin
..................... Oil City
......................... Corry
................. Linesville
................Waterford
............... Cochranton

ENROLMENT
Dunn, Ruby Susanne ............
Eckert, Marian ......................
Bdkin, Lester Oliver ..........
Bnterliiie, Anna ......................
Evans, Mary Lewis................
Flatt, Ethel ........................ ..
Fordyce, Helen Elizabeth ..
Forsberg, Eva Carolyn ........
Frost, Cora Maude ................
Gallagher, Helen Blanche....
Hall, Georgia Aileen ..............
Hamilton, Veronica ..............
Hancox, Rhenda Leona ....
Hanna, Adelina Clarissa ...
Harrison, Ethel Marie ..........
Harrison, Irene Rosamond ..
Harrison, Madge Irene..........
Hegg, Dorothy Myrtle ..........
Henton, Dorothy Ada ............
Hillyer, Allie Maria ..............
Hinckley, Lulu Gene ............
Hood, Iva .................................
Hood, Mrs. Jeannette W. ...
Hosick, Elizabeth Morrison .
Hull, Helen Margaret ..........
Jennings, Florence Elizabeth
Johnson, Anna Amelia ........
Johnson, Edith Christine . ..
Johnson, Emily Elvira ........
Joslin, Blanche Adele ............
Keep, Marie Louise ..............
Lang, Freda Marie ................
Leonhart, Rose Vera ............
Lewis, Lovilla ........................
Loveland, Mildred I................
McClimans, Hazel E................
McCracken, Elsie Mae ..........
McCracken, Minnie ..............
McCray, Elenora Belva........
McCray, Nellie Mae ............
McCutcheon, Emma T.............
McCutcheon, Nell..................
McGarr Ella Maude ............
Marks, Hilda Elizabeth ....
Matter, Dorothy Margaret ..
Maul, Mary Rebecca ............
Middleton, Marjorie Marietta

53
...............Cochranton
..................Meadville
........................... Brie
...............Jamestown
................... Edlnboro
........ ............Corydon
................. Meadville
....................... Russell
... . Jackson Center
............ Sandy Lake
................. Linesvllle
................... Meadville
................. Titusville
................. ..Oil City
.................Stoneboro
................... Edlnboro
................. Greenville
....................... Russell
............... Centerville
.... Conneaut, Ohio
.............. Bear Lake
................... Meadville
Cambridge Springs
............... Grove City
................. Waterford
............ Sandy Lake
.......... Spring Creek
.......... Spring Creek
..... .Conneautville
............... Sprlngboro
........................... Elgin
-----West Middlesex
............... Saegertown
.......... .... .Greenville
.........Clymer, N. Y.
................. Greenville
....................... Hadley
....................... Hadley
...................... .Corry
........................... Corry
.................... Oil City
..................... Oil City
....... Sandy Lake
...... Conneautville
................. Greenville
........ - . Cooperstown
...............Union City

54

EDINBORO CATALOG

Miller, Edith Mary ..................................................................................... Corry
Miller, Mildred Mae ................................................................................... Corry
Mosier, Inez Alberta ......................................................................... Saegertown
Nelson, Lizzie C............................................................................ • •. .Union City
Nichols, Lucinda H................................................................
Centerville
North, Helen A.....................................................^.............................Jamestown
North, Mabel ................ ................................................................. • • Jamestown
Northrop, Clara Florence ............................................................Spartansburg
Olson, Thyra Lena C....................................................................................Kane
Osborne, Mrs. RoseElizabeth ................................................................Atlantic
Owens, Ruth Pearl .......................................................................................Erie
Pattan, Nelle Julia ...............................
Meadville
Pearce, Genevieve Mae ...........................................................Jackson Center
Pieper, Matilda .............................................................
Erie
Perkins, Helen Amanda ................................................... •.......... Mill Village
Peterson, Katheryne ............................................................................ Meadville
Peterson, Mamie Dorothea ..................................................................... ■ .Kane
Pierce, Eleanor Elizabeth .................................................................Bear Lake
Potter, Letah Laura ............................................................
Harborcreek
Ralston, Helen Marie ........................................................................Jamestown
Randall, Genevieve Belle ...............................................• •..................Russell
Reagle, Margie Alice ............................................................................ Sheakley
Reither, Ruth Evelyn ........................
Stoneboro
Reynolds, Ora Florence ..............................
Rouseville
Ruland, Cora........................................................................ E. Conneaut, Ohio
Rushlander, Arlene Marie ...............................................................Guys Mills
Shenk, Edna Mae............ ••.......................................................................... Erie
Shollenberger, Ruth Minerva ..........................................................Greenville
Shorts, Kathleen ............................................................................................ Polk
Skellie, Maude Orlnda .............................................................Sherman, N. Y.
Smith, Lurena A.................................................................................... Smethport
Smith, Rebecca Lulu ............................................................................Franklin
Stanley, Alice Waneta ....................................................................... S. Oil City
Stevens, Emma Gertrude ............................................................Conneautville
Stevenson, Florence Lillian ............................................................-.Greenville
Strauch, Theresa Mary ..................................................................................Erie
Stritzinger, Nell Ellen ..................................................................................Erie
Talcott, Mary Elizabeth ........................................................
Waterford
Thorne, Myrtle Helen .............................. ....................................Sandy Lake
Tlllotson, Ruth Adelaide ............................................................................ Corry
Tome, Florence Birdie ...................................................................Mill Village
Toppari, Tekla Eliza ............................................................... Conneaut, Ohio
Troutner, Esther Geraldine.............. ..............................Cambridge Springs
Turner, Gertrude ...................................................................................... Sharon
Turtchell, Ceres Viola ........................................................
Edinboro
Vogel, Hattie Melissa ..................................................................... North East
Walford, Lyda ..............................
Springboro

ENROLMENT
Walters, Florence Mary
Weis, Esther Marie........
Whitaker, Jessie Gladine
Wilcox, Velma L. ............
Williams, Ruth Odela
Wilson, Mrs. Carrie B. .
Wilson, Joyce Aurelia .
Wise, Ethel Lucile..........
Wolfe, Ruth Louise ....

55
Cambridge Springs
^........ North Girard
....................... Albion
...................... Crosby
...........................Kane
..........Titusville
...............Coraopolis
...............Jamestown
______ Pleasantville

BOYS

Allen, John B.........................
Bair, Andrew K. Levern . .
Bentley, George Augustus
Buchanan, Hugh H..............
Fileger, Fred Whitcomb ..
Graham, J. C...........................
Haner, Alpho William ....
Harvey, Maxwell Berdett .
Hedglin, Hosack H..............
Porter, John Paul ..............
See, Laurance William ...
Steelsmith, Warren Arthur
Wells, Frederic Edwin ...
Wiltsie, Claude L..................
Students

Burchfield, Helen ........
Ryan, Leita Pearl ....
Ryan, Marian Ethel . ..
Sedgwick, Mildred ....
Showman, Winoma ....
Skelton, Helen Wade ..
Washburn, Madeleine ..
Wykoff, Gladys Ellouise

...............Waterford
....................... Kane
..................... Albion
...Hastings, Neb.
.......... North East
------- .Guys Mills
..................... Hadley
.. .Plerpont, Ohio
..................... Mercer
.......... Sandy Lake
............ Hartstown
............ Hartstown
............ Springboro
Jamestown, N. Y.
in

Music Only

................... Edinboro
................. Waterford
................. Waterford
................... Edinboro
................... Edinboro
................... Edinboro
...................Edinboro
Cambridge Springs