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And see for yourself why so many people are proud to practical Civic to the join the CAR CARE COUPON in every model, from the Honda PA STATE INSPECTION (Pass or Fail) ONLY $9.99 Reg. $18.00 INDEPENDENCE TOYOTA family. C]EI]QEZ2EI]EiS AN INDEPENDENCE DEAL DOES MAKE A DIFFERENCE ^ tBLOOMSBURGO^ Rl. 11 SALES & SERVICE-PHONE 784-1414 3101 NEW BERWICK HWY., BLOOMSBURG, PA 784-1414 1-800-924-1214 Showroom Hours: 8 a.m. Monday-Friday Saturday to 8 p.m. 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. RL 1 1 Bloom-Berwick Hwy. 4 Miles North Of Berwick Bloomsburg 387-5050 1-800-310-6062 Sales Hours: Monday-Friday 8 a.m. 9 a.m. Saturday lerwick to 8 p.m. to 3 p.m. Formerly Kishbaugh Toyota Shickshinny 752-6794 1-800-689-9833 Sales Hours: 8:30 a.m. Monday-Friday Saturday 8:30 a.m. to 8 p.m. to 3 p.m. Editor-in-Chief Walter M. Brasch Contacting Spectrum magazine Editorial and our Business Office EDITORIAL Bakeless Center 106 Associate Editors Pat Castellanos Steve Kleinfelter Chief Copyeditor Lenore Olsen Bloomsburg University Bloomsburg, Pa. 17815 Phone:(717)389-4825 FAX: (717) 389-2094 Jake Baluta, VIckl Harrison, Jim Seip, Angela Swainbank, Tom Venesky Chief Photographer 20% Trade Books 10% Other Services of Interest IVIay Letters AND PRODUCTION and Submissions Dry Cleaning Video Rental FAX-Send and Receive and letters to \he editor from tiie community are welcome. Send them to the Editorial and Business Office. Spectrum Submission of articles, ideas, reserves the right to edit letters ART 30% Education Supplies & Art Supplies E-mail: brasch@planetx.bloonnu.edu III Editorial Assistants Jimmy Used Textbooks (does not apply to special orders) Assistant Editors Caroline Glassic Harry A. Kimmel know about DISCOUNTS? Did you ture UPS-Ship anywhere All letters. 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Certificate of Merit being the outstanding college magazine in the northeast Excellence for United States, Society of Professional Journalists (five times). Assistant Director Caroline Glassic year by Spectrum ttie Bloomsburg portion is REFUND-RETURN POLICY Press Association Robin Weidner Associate Director Tammy Benscoter publishied twice Program 1. You must have your 2. BooliOO of her was no standard WASP dress uniform; rather, they wore tan pants and any erly outfitted. Originally, there blouse. When form was a standard finally was Santiago WASP uni- put into place, it Blue, different from the men's khakis, and the current color of the Air Force uniform. They were issued old coveralls once belonged to the men. Often, they were too big or too small. WASPs were often misfor flying that taken for truck delivery people women and where only females trained, the 'women occupied barracks in the same "way not equipped for both men. At Avenger Field, male cadets would. In Dodge Kansas, the men and women facilities. City, shared Sabota remembers a blanket hanging in the middle of the barracks to separate the men tance from the women. WASPs paid for their to drivers or milk and refused admit- some officers' clubs because they were not in dresses as women were expected to be at that room and and and from Sweetwater. The male cadets were provided these items at no expense. According to Cochran's report, board, most of their uniforms, time. transportation Ferrying planes could be dangerous because the aircraft were often tagged unflyable. If there was something wrong with the plane a to Finances inexpensive cars and leases Jmiim±. £€UtrLhxuvt for S±a±e. noMl all new TUtane. (610) cars 566-0909 £ajc (610J 627-2121 Spectrum 5\esterN| ISIZZLIN Steaks Chicken SeaFood Fantastic Hot Food Salad Buffet and Dessert Bar Route 42 at Exit 1-80 34 784-7757 All red a red diagonal, or a red line, X would appear on the forms. The red X was the most serious. WASPs had to fly these planes to "get them Sabota seated on her plane. Fortunately would have Some WASPs even stationed in the aircraft. being able to see the ground beneath their feet. During a cross country solo flight, Sabota encountered some difficulty with her plane, the AT-6. She was over the Rocky Mountains when reported her propellor began to malfunction. "Here I am flying and looking over these darn mountains which are awfully sharp and awfully close, and my prop was not functioning properly. thing So I I pushed and pulled every- could push and pull," says Sabota. "I thought, 'I'm not going to jump, I don't like the looks of it, and besides my my suitcase, Spring 1997 turquoise jewelry is in and I'm not leaving it!'" the propellor began functioning just as she thought she way so they could be destroyed, or used for parts," explains Sabota. When there were "more reparable" problems, the women often flew without instruments, or with holes in the body of out of the Credit Cards she still to abandon the jewelry ^^-^PRESS ENTERPRISE gj^ HHe VClTYLINC \ 389-S777 24 HOURS A DAY • treasures. Sabota was one of the 57 who graduated out of the 100 women who entered WASP class 44-W-3. After graduation, Sabota was Dodge City, Kansas, for The Press Enterprise provides you with free, up-to-the-minute information 24 hours a day with CItylinE. B-26 co-pilot training, then sent to Laredo, Texas, for futher work with bombers. Here, Sabota towed targets for both the flexible gunnery school and for the B-29 electrical guns. She also tested the B-26s after they had gone through maintenance to make sure the problems were repaired tedious and the same for the the Extra every Saturday and other category selections within the Press properly. Sabota flew seven days a week, two four-hour flights a day. These flights were dangerous. "That was live ammunition they were using," says Sabota. These long shifts in the bomber were The men in Look complete directory in difficult. position, however, only flew one four-hour Enterprise daily. Call 389-5777 today! fun and FREE! It's fast, it's it's Sen'ing all your needs industrial contr.\ctors • homeo\\^:ers • • 1906 Montour Blvd. (Route Danville. PA 1 1 1 "821 Phone (717) 275-TOOL (8665) R\X (717) 275-8824 shift and It TVe Rem Most Even-thins men were fire their was the learning to fly at the same time. time for them to be guns first target for and firing. I tov^-ed the them to shoot at. Also, they w'ere stiU in the air cal Stretch every other day. ''The perfecting the electri- guns for the B-29, which I The towed targets for."" says Sabota. targets hung just 20 yards behind Sabotas aircraft. Another task Sabota performed vcas to check the men -^ho remrned from overseas to insure they knew the specific procedures used at Laredo, and that they w^ere safe operational flyers. Tattoo Studio While Sabota was co-piloting the remembers a male pilot -wfho wanted nothing to do with the B-26, she women • Clean Pfofessional Wofk 'Top of the Line Stenlization 20 Years Experience Ask for Buzzard 128 Mill St Danville, PA pilots. He didn't want Sabota to perform any of her typical duties during the flight. "I pulled the wheels up when he told me to and then turned and looked out the win- dow. I thought to myself, 'If you dont want me to fly or do anything. I won't do an\thingl"" As they continued to fly. the oil began to conmale pilot didnt know geal. The what ^as wrong. Sabota realized the problem, but said nothing, knowing he wouldn't listen. After an emergenc%' landing, she flight w as over. ^as thankful this Sabota and other pilots stand on top of a B-26 on their last day at Laredo. The next day, how^ever, she -was assigned to fly with him again. She reports that he had the same attitude as the previous day. After he inspected the plane, (he wouldn't let her do they took off. This looked out the winand saw gasoline spewing it) time, Sabota dow from the tank on the wing. They had to take another emergency' landing. "Those were two mistakes in that airplane that you do not make. We are lucky ^^e survived one mistake, but tu-o?" women Thirt\'-eight active duty while the gram ^'as in died during WASP existence. pro- Although they were serving the war effort, they were civilians and not given any recognition for dying for their country. After training at Sabota's flying Avenger Field, Lea Ola partner. McDonald, was stationed in El Paso, Texas. Upon returning from a three- week leave, she was assigned to fly a Helldixen She had plans to resign the following day in order to get married. She felt uneas\- about flying in this "diinger ship", according to an unfin- was -writing to Sabota. ished lener she Sirectram which led her to the and Germany. There, she worked in recreation centers as the administrative assistant program OSS Ftiilippines McDonald requested someone to fly with her, but the request was denied. When she was ready to land she hit wrong the flaps which caused the plane to dive. She called for help, but her throat mike malfunctioned, makto receive any from the ground. The Helldiver went down directly above the field and McDonald did not survive. McDonald's death occurred exactly one year after Sabota's husband was killed. ing impossible it moved money to collect said to send her home," The women had no Sabota. insurance or benefits. women the of the insurance were dropped when they policies began Many personal pilots' flying for the women program, leaving completely uninsured. WASPs had no rights to a military bur- The American flag could not be used on their coffins, and their families could not display the Gold Star ial. medal and an honorable service medal. Although WASPs are now tled to Veteran's benefits, enti- such as to GI housing, a military burial and a Moody, Georgia where she became grave marker, Sabota believes the center most important aspect of this is the recognition of the accomplishments and services the WASPs provided. There is still debate on the appropriateness of w^omen in com- director. a Sabota recreation she retired in then director In 1979- until 1987 she returned to the area and has lived instruction "My best friend was killed in a crash, and we [the other WASPs] had a victory in MiUville since. Today, almost 700 still alive, WASPs are and every two years they gather at reunions. In 1977, the WASP program recognition members finally they of the gained deserved President Carter signed a bill the when grant- them Veteran Status, 35 years after Worid War II ended. This classified the WASP program as equivaing lent to active military duty. It also allowed the eligible members to receive an official Honorable Discharge. Every WASP who was in good standing at the time the program was disbanded also received bat situations but today, 99 percent of Air Force positions are open to women. For the first time in U.S. history women, are trained and available for air combat. In the navy, women pilots and flight engineers are now based on carriers, flying the same missions WASPs as the men. did something that had never been done before, and they proved that they were capable of much more than was expected. WASPs proved they could handle the toughest planes of the time, and they are a testament that the sky the limit. is S symbolizing the death of a family member while serving their country. part of the mil- "We were never says Sabota. "We trained in same way as the men, and had the same rules as a military unit itary," the would. We military, took our orders from the but we took our pay from Tlic Costume SMof Fantasies by Rebecca the Civil Service." On December 20, 1944 WASPs were disbanded because the the war was coming to an end. Sabota was still working in Laredo at the time. "It was a shock," says Sabota. "Up until that moment we got the letter, we really would become until the end of had hopes that we military and stay the war." After disbanding, WASPs wanted a some of the to fly for China with group of Americans called the Flying Tigers, but President ordered that no women could leave country unless they worked with the armed forces or the Red the Cross. After her service Sabota chose to Spring 1997 with work with Designer Truman 55 East Main Street Bloomsburg, PA 17815 (717)-784-4436 WASP, the Red 13 Spiked Springs By Caroline Glassic In December 1974, a sampling of water flowing from several major was Roadside springs. conducted by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (now known as the Department of Environmental Passing motorists and neighbor- Protection). "In almost springs ing residents often enjoy this free [springs] flowing water -with a naivete that tible Mother Earth will bring them no harm. But five years ago, a local trickled down a concrete channel from which he sought refreshment. The spring water that spills down the hillside off Route 6l, near Tharptown, was contaminated with fecal coliform bacteria. Although too late for this man, a sign has been posted at the site by a nearby resident warning other unsuspect- bacterial all to cases, the be suscep- contamination," If less than 40 samples are collected per month, no more than sample can contain coliform bacteria. If 40 or more samples are collected per month, no more than 5% can contain coliform bacteria. According to Harry Wilson, president of Wilson Testing Laboratories, Shamokin, springs -which contain 1 according to Jeff Hoover, a compli- runoff surface water, like the spring ance described above, are especially sus- man died after ingesting the water that to were shown monthly. specialist Hoover with the DEP. said the most common type of bacteria found in the samplings total was "total coliform." coliform itself is Though not necessari- does indicate the likelihood of pathogenic bacteria," says Hoover. Consequently, public drinking water systems regulated by the DEP must monitor for coliform ly problematic, "it ceptible two kinds of and fecal to fecal streptococci "Although less, some bacteria are harm- and some are human survival, ogenic bacteria: coliform. essential for such forms of path- bacteria could potentially lead to life-threatening illnesses like typhoid, and cholera, giardisis," severe dysentery explains Wilson. m ing passers-by of the "unsafe drinking water." Many springs can be spotted throughout Pennsylvania. Chances are, these springs are also "spiked." Flowing surface and groundwater up contaminants, including bacnitrates and pesticides which can be carried below the ground and pick teria, deposited in the w^ater table from which spring water is discharged. Contaminants may make this Wapwallopen spring, lilte others in our area, much safer to lool< at than to drink from. Spectrum Surface water tends to draw in from se'wage, contaminants these systems" A manure and other wastes. According "Decaying Wilson, to vegetation would be the source of non-fecal coliform, and fecal coliform results from human and animal waste." The site where the spring water is discharged also contributes to the quality of the water. According to Bowling, hydrogeologist with the DEP, "Coliform bacteria w^ill most definitely appear in springs because of a lack of soil or rock above the "water table that could otherwise filter out some commonly down drift groundwater and through the into the water table." the filtering capabilities of the protect groundwater from to soil human contamination by above ground. more are unsafe contain to likely activities springs But, amounts of bacteria because they tap the highest level of groundwaGroundwater within 20 feet of ter. the surface is defined public of piped water for consumption, such system has if at connections or reg- least 15 service ularly serves human an average of 25 individuals daily at least 60 days at least At GREENWOOD FRIENDS SCHOOL, you'll find... ...a out of the year." uired to adhere to federal and setting maximum cal, many state law. rules limits for bacteriological and chemi- taste and Roadside springs have no color. ...cooperative learning in all levels. radioactive contaminants and physical contaminants that affect odor, and kindergarten. under This includes developmentally appropriate preschool Public v/ater systems are req- Preschool Kindergarten Grades safety standards. 1 - 8 Mother Earth and Uncle Sam are simply unable to protect people from the dangers that drift in roadside springs. Only by exercising their own people precaution in advance, will not spiked springs. fall Accredited by the Pennsylvania Association of Academic Schools Located on Route 254 - 3.5 Miles east of Millville For information on the 1997-98 school year call 717-458-5532 victim to the BUSING AVAILABLE FROM 7 DISTRICTS 5 contaminated easily is public water system nitrates also For a long time, people depended upon safety as a "system for the provision to the Patrick bacteria. Pesticides protected by are regulations. with bacteria and chemicals. Groundwater commonly contains dissolved solids, bonate and nitrates iron. calcium car- The Visual Difference Concentrations of and chlorides can Dr. Betsy also pro- moves through them. Drinking water standards specify maximum concentrations of 500 as water J. Hancock, Optometrist 21 East Fifth Street, Bloomsburg use of water. These substances enter water by leaching from rocks hibit specializing in: Children's Eyecare Vision Therapy solved solids, 250 mg/1 for chloride, and 300 micrograms per liter (ug/1) Poor Reading Performance Quality Frames, Bifocal Contacts Headaches, Stroke Special Needs for iron. Computer Fatigue Sports Vision milligrams per Land use liter (mg/1) for dis- activities largely con- tribute to this deterioration of Contact Lens Replacement Program ground water. Waste disposal, resource extraction, agricultural urbanization are practices the four and main groups of land activity that impact the quality of groundwater. ^: RsherPricc® EYEWEAR Despite the health risks present- ed by these springs, they are not regulated by the DEP. Only water 784-2131 • 1-800-974-8576 Insurance Plans Welcome • Medicare & Medical Assistance supplies classified as "public water Spring 1997 IS t ^r>J REGULATIOlSli By Pat Castellanos being a police officer Imagine who isn't authorized to write or an auto mechanic tickets denied access to and wrenches Today, nurse practitioners are involved in all aspects of medical of having to keep books according to rules made by the American Bar patients. This faced by nurse is dilemma the practitioners in Pennsylvania. Nurse Registered Certified and the care and chronic care including research spark plugs. Imagine accountants Association. The of the expertise of a physician. all adult, pediatric, restrictions aren't limited to how an NP duties. In "One of the most important dif- we Medicare or bill must go companies, ance Instead, the through a physician or hospital. Nurse practitioners are the time that is medical NPs are by insur- not reimbursed directly Medicaid. ferences to patients performs Pennsylvania, trained can spend with them," says Sharon Haymaker, R.N., Ph.D. "The to work with to operate independently. average time of a doctor's can work in areas that have trouble visit is six seven minutes," says Haymaker, a physician but also An NP and deal Practitioners (CRNPs or NPs for one of several kind of Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs) who have received special training that allows them to perform duties for which most registered nurses to short) are "we're usually with a patient from with patients 15 to 20 minutes or longer as the everyday ailments that patient requires." nothing more than a prescription of aren't qualified. take the time to talk to the parents," be Depending upon the laws of where they practice, NPs can see patients, order and interpret laboratory tests and X-rays, and Haymaker says. "We can explain to them why they're doing what we've asked them to do and make sure approval. perform some diagnoses. leave." the state But not they're particularly important in "We can comfortable really before antibiotics. ing is of used But have the kind of may require this additional train- little use without if a it cannot physician's According to the Alliance of they Advanced Practice Nurses (AAPN), the problem stems from their regulating body. In Pennsylvania, NPs Nurse practitioners are involved unlike nurse anesthetists or nurse midwives, are under the dual con- admit promotion and illness prevention. But they are not involved in a hospital without a the decisions that will affect the of the Board of Nursing (BON) and the Board of Medicine (BOM). The BON can issue regulations for NPs but they must be approved by the BOM which has been slow to grant any prescriptive freedom to APNs. "We want the right to be self Melinda Dr. says regulating," Jenkins, an NP for 15 years and the head of the AAPN. "I came here from Missouri and when I saw the restrictions that advanced practice nurses face in Pennsylvania, it was that to prescribe into is who in teaching nursing students, hea- in Pennsylvania. commonwealth, it's not simple. NPs don't have the power In this patients This dealing with children. attracting full-time doctors medication or physician's approval despite the fact that these are basic parts of future of their own profession. With the exception of an NP's Illinois, every state allows nurse practition- job in 39 states in the U.S. The nurse practitioner was developed in 1965 lth position at the University of Colorado to alleviate the shortage of doctors, especially ers to medications that prescribe would fall within the NP's training and their scope of practice (Pediatric NPs, for instance, would not in pediatrics. The nurse practitioner would serve in the gap between nurses and physicians, performing be prescribing tasks that are outside the traditional so severe the sc-ope of nursing yet don't require independence. in several of fertility those drugs). But states, the restrictions that limit this ability are NP loses almost all trol very shocking." Spectrum The AAPN encompasses all of the advanced practice nurses in the commonwealth. down take mission Its is group of nurses from using the full range of their training. Right means lobbying that for a change in their regulatory body to the Board of Nursing alone. "I know a nurse -who came here from California and took a job in western Pennsylvania. She said to me, 'This is like trying to practice with one hand tied behind my says back'," Christine Filipovich, Pennsylvania Nursing Association's Nursing Practice Administrator. "We know Pennsylvania is a for fact that less attractive to qual- advanced practice nurses than other states," adds Filipovich. Many ified of the best and NPs obtain dual practice Pennsylvania's York, New in border Jersey, licensing another and collect state. states-New^ Delavv^are- allow greater prescriptive freedoms money an impasse. offered this two boards In NPs The authority. ed limited BON They BOM prescriptive initially it was have not met. Several meetings have been set, but the BOM has canceled each time. Ho'wever, new administrations for both Boards have just taken office and in March agreed to resume meetings to vJur NEW location is bigger, and more comfortable browse through. We have a brighter to much larger selection of USED paperback and hardback books from which to choose. Oave even more on our used paperbacks when you take advantage of our "Trade-in Credit System"-Up to 85% situation. more Haymaker says. "I'm head of the Lyolleclibles circu- fek these regula- were too close to those which governed physician's assistants (who are unlicensed and not required to have a college degree). Since that time, the two boards NP Used books and accept- tions resolve the MECKLEY'S are at the 1994, proposal until lated to NPs. to directly. Currently, the to the barriers that keep this now and have laws which allow the NP optimistic "I BOM now," think the is a little new more New Hours: Mon., Tue., Thur., Sat. 10 a.m.-5 p.m. Friday 10am.-8p.m. Closed Wednesday and Sunday work with us. Ultimately, hope we (NPs) can become primary health care providers here in willing to I Pennsylvania." 36 West Main St Bloomsburg, PA 17815 (717)784-3765 S Budset Web High-Tech Services at Low-Tech Prices Spectrum magazine Special 133MhzCPU 12 E. Main Street Bloomsburg, PA 17815 With every printer out there trying to grab your attention with bigger dog and pony show, you might have forgotten the most important part of quality printing. a THE PEOPLE At Grit Commercial Printing each brochure, annual report, flyer and catalog produced by a seasoned is CRAFTSMAN The Grits heritage of printing excellence dates back 104 years. From our humble beginnings 5-cent per copy newspaper advanced printing facility as a to the we are today, the thread that has remained consistent is our dedication to SERVICE Here at Grit we think service is a detail that can not be overstated. each printers buzzers and whistles begin to run When compared, together. We distinguish ourselves by bringing the Grits capabilities directly to you. Your one to six color job can be printed and delivered quickly without you having to leave the office. And if your publication needs to be mailed, take advantage of the Grits ability to DIRECT MAIL Lick'em, stuff'em, sort'em, send'em ... all your direct mail needs are efficiently processed so your message gets to those who can use it best. Grit Commercial Printing, Inc. Commercial Printing 80 Choate Circle • Montoursville, PA & 17754 • Direct Mail Services Phone (717) 368-8021 • Fax (717) 368-4749 AB 'S I' OF STAMPIN By ^JMThen Wh WW you Tammy searching for that special greeting card, have two options —spend time and money to find the perfect card or make it yourself. A handmade card can be personalized in the same time you might have spent choosing card, by using rubber stamps. that special There are software programs that allow you to creyour ow^n greeting card. However, using rubber stamps goes one step beyond that. Not only does it create a personalized greeting card, but it gives your card a 3-D look and a handmade charm. You can also use the computer program to create a card and then add to it with rubber stamps. This simple eight step procedure is becoming popular and requires only a few minutes to perform. ate Benscoter 4. Lift the stamp ing powder. The and cover the inked area with embosscolor of ient's personality. At powder should suit the recipyou can pick up the craft stores embossing powder in almost any color. 5. Over a sheet of paper, lift the card stock and tap lightly. Use a small paint brush to remove excess powder from the card. The excess po"wder can be returned to the canister for future use. 6. With a heat gun about face, heat the six inches from the card design in a circular motion. You sur- may hold your design near a light bulb or over a toaster instead of using a heat gun, but if you don't move the card in a circular motion, a burned spot will appear. (Hair Dryers cannot be used. They blow the powder from the paper.) Color in the design area with craft markers or colored pencils. You may also choose to leave the design 7. 1. Choose the color and you want to Card stock and size of the card Fold it to look like a card. envelopes can be purchased at any office supply store uncolored. or department store. envelope. Be creative Determine the personality of the card recipient, and choose an appropriate stamp. With the embossing pad, apply ink to the stamp until it looks wet. Rubber stamps can be purchased at craft supply stores, department stores, or office supply stores. JVIany times you can find them at flea markets and fairs. 3. Place your stamp on the card stock. Do not rock the personality. send. 2. stamp, but put pressure on the design area only. Rocking the stamp will cause a blurred or incomplete design. Supplies • Embossing 8. Repeat the stamping as desired on the card and — let Sayings are available may choose it express some of your awn on rubber stamps, but you an embossing pen or embossing marker. These two unique tools allow you to write in your own style. The procedure is the same for the embossing. Making any handmade project requires practice and patience. The time it takes will decrease as you become more accustomed to the procedure. Creating anything should be a fun experience. Enjoy! S to use Needed Pad/Ink Powder- Any Color Card Stock and Envelope • Heat Source • Small Paint Brush • Sheet of Paper • Craft Markers or Colored Pencils • Rubber Stamps of your choice • Embossing • Matching The design if stamped in black ink. Right: The final embossed and colored to meet the recipient's personality. Left: Spring 1997 design, Personal Stamp Exchange Stamps are used with permission and all rights are reserved. 19 SILENT The Susqueinna Nucleor Pouier Plont iijorhs sdfelii beliind a quiet Secufitii teem. J "mm'-''^^iiii^ iiiffy-fljimnil Photos till NiGlioelOyMs N SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1993, ABOUT 6:45 A.M., main gate of the Three Mile Island (TMI) Nuclear Power Station, Middletown. "We didn't know if it was a confused person or someone with evil intentions. We just didn't know," recalls Mary Wells, head of public relations at TMI. Nye hit the turbine building and four hours until Security could find him and turn Pierce Nye's car crashed through the hid inside for him over to the State Police. This security breech had been plant that drew attention once again to a relatively quiet since the dent. But this time the focus was on 1979 acci- security at all The disturbance affected a and unheard. Security at the PP&L Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (SSES), about five miles north of Berwick, is one power nuclear plants. department which of the first is primarily unseen visible safety features. But behind the scenes and way. "We normally don't give a lot of information out about security because that's the way we do business," says Roland M. Ferentz, SSES security operations supervisor. "We keep everything very generic and very brief for the simple fact of safelies a part of security the public doesn't see, Security likes it that guards." Security increasing events are growing "of numbers throughout the concern and country," says Paul Gunter, director of the the Reactor Watchdog Project the Nuclear Information Washington, D.C. many This and Resource Service rise in incidents at in has caused plants to reinforce their security programs, either the set of 8-foot fences, says Richard Gaudreau, former SSES plant security coordinator and security training supervisor. "When tripped, the field starts a camera, two videotape recorders, and the alarm. A security officer in the control booth immediately dispatches anoth- and sees what is happening on his screen," Gaudreau explains. The security officer at the scene is updated about the situation by radio. "The officer in the booth uses movable cameras to watch the action and the dispatched officer would be out of his vehicle, using it as a defense barrier in case the intruder were to fire [a weapon]," says Gaudreau. If the intruder makes it past the second fence, the officer "is going to challenge the intruder by telling him to halt, warn him that he is trespassing on private property, and if he does not remove himself, he 'will be removed by force," Gaudreau says. If the perpetrator has knowledge of where to go to accomplish an objective, and "if the security officer fails to detain or capture him, then another one [officer] would be sent," Gaudreau says, noting "all of our proer officer through mandated orders or by choice. tected areas are well covered." The 108-acre protected area at SSES, where the main reactor building and two cooling towers are located, is surrounded by two rows of barbed wire fence 20 Gaudreau, who was also in Air Force security prior working for PP&L, says there are few differences between nuclear protected areas and Air Force bomb dumps. Most of the security measures are common to both private industry and armed forces. "[The training] works just as well in one as it does the other," he says. Precautions are also taken to guard against assault by automobile. Every vehicle that enters the site, even PP&L vehicles, undergoes a thorough search by security officers, as mandated by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Code of Federal Regulations. Entering the first gate, the vehicle is driven onto an open grate. Security Officers check all areas of the vehicle. apart. Motion detector devices line the area between the fences and will sound alarms if movement by anything as small as a bird is detected. The fence line and interior of the protected area is monitored by closed circuit television cameras mounted high on lattice work poles. If the plant were to lose power, an Uninterruptable Power Supply battery and diesel generator backups are available to keep these systems feet working. An intruder the area that sense 22 who known climbs the first fence would enter as the "E-Field," a set of eight wires motion or objects within the area between to Following the TMI incident, the situation and determined that they NRC evaluated the should change the Spectrum the protected area is gained through one of two heavily-moni- Nuclear Power Plant design basis tJireat, They decided that for power reactor against tect it says Ferentz. was important pro- facilities to vehicle tored gate houses. From side, these buildings look more tourist information the out- centers like than coded with information about the holder are issued to personnel, and used to unlock the turnstiles and various doors in the plant. "Personnel are allowed into certain areas penetrations. entrances "We sent out a generic letter demanding that nuclear power Inside are activities," tors, keycard, the Security Data Manage- plants install better gate devices," machines. says Paul Swetland, project engi- neer for the SSES, working out of NRC the regional office, Williams- SSES responded by installing stronger secondary gates at the entrances of the plant. port. to nuclear a facility. rows of explosive detecmetal detectors and X-Ray prior to access to the plant. When a visitor be searched, employees park outside the fence and walk to the an officer compares information provided for the advance check with information on a photo I.D. People in the past have failed the check and were denied access to the plant, but they had no problems when they were informed. "They must know what's in their background that didn't allow them to go into the plant," says Elaine Panella, SSES senior plant. public information specialist. The plant's 1,200 employees must go through a variety of secu- entering the protected area Once inside the protected area, vehicles are escorted by armed security mobile who officers in units lock the steering wheel to the brake pedal, when the vehicle is parked. Because all vehicles must rity searches every day. Access to Spring 1997 arrives at the gate house, The of last line locked of defense before turnstiles. is a set Keycards controls plant is and work their clearances says Ferentz. With the ment System (SDMS) on all granting them Security conducts a check visitors based on access computer throughout the and monitors where everyone while inside the plant, Ferentz explains. Because keycarding strictly is such a enforced security procedure, tailgating is not permitted. the plant with their ing own and I keycard and use "If I'm in someone who has my we are talk- keycard but the other person forgets and follows through the open door, me that's tailgat- ing," Panella explains. If an emergency inside the plant would occur, the person who tailgated would be Security officers check all vehicles before they are allowed to enter the protected area. 23 Minuteman 1 00-yard firing Nuclear Power Plant team "You just endangered a whole team of securiunaccounted would be ty officers for and a security dispatched. a plant emergency," in says Panella. Officers train extensively to deal with such emergencies. The NRC A Full-Service Printing & Color/High-Speed Copy Center Color & B&W Printing-Copying Laser Typesetting Colioting & & Layout requires security per- sonnel to be with a 21-years-old at least minimum of a high school diploma. The majority of security personnel at SSES now range for practice. Security personnel carry .40 cal- have col- HK semi-automatic pistols. iber also bomb threats to hostage situations to bomb-laden vehicles. We graded our teams on how they responded to the situations." To prevent lege degrees in law enforcement or ring criminal justice. They equipped with 12-gauge shotguns and AR-15 rifles. Several 4x4 personnel carriers and armored Chevy Blazers are also used. Gaudreau says the security team trains "on a range of scenarios, from are training mistakes, a reoccur- cycle requiring 32 secu- hours of training every five weeks three phases of training must be completed. Phase I consists of 240 hours of combined classroom and performance training. Phases II and III require performance/observation based training including response actions, equipment familiarization and uti- Everyone who enters the plant must pass through the gatehouse and a variety of security checks, To become an authorized Binding Folding/Numbering/Die Cutting Laminating Personoiized Service & Free Pick-up Delivery Free Color Inks New Berwick Hwy 1301 (Route 1 1 in front of K-IVIart) Bloomsburg, PA 17815 (717)389-9910 Main St. Music Center Guitar/Bass/Drum Lessons New & Used Equipment rity officer, • • Lighting Equipment • Remo Drums • Washburn Jackson • Takeamine • Ovation • Crate • Ampeg • • • • Sound Tech • • 204 W. Main St. Bloomsburg, PA 17815 (717) 784-4224 Hours: Men. - Fri. Sat. 1-5 12-8 lization, cial weapons qualification, cru- security task certification security for of facilities is personnel training are used The where all is by off-site security conducted. The Security Annex, also located off-site, contains a physical fitness center and an area for training during inclement weather SSES also has a 24 built into the work schedule. Personnel also go through about 300 hours of recertification/ retrain- ing a year. "We have that training. "White House" is and outside training. A variety including a bomb sniffer, metal detector, and X-ray machine. we a lot of procedures follo'w," says Ferentz, "and once it's in the procedures, that's what you follow." A committee is in place to make sure any procedures changed are not degraded. "There are so many approvals and reviews it goes through to make sure nothing is missed," says Barry Bechtold, security shift supervisor PP&L also Spectrum The reinforced secondary gate is the entrance to the protected area. The gate was installed after Pierce Nye broke through the gates at TMI. A inspection. runs of the regional assist team during a small-scale drills Safeguards Readiness Eval- tional uation (OSRE) when test The Opera- organization. a larger scale is special forces are used drill to test The NRC will also "come unannounced to see how we're security. in complying with their laws," says Ferentz. It can request any information during these routine inspections. Beneath clouds of steam and the roar of the generators of the SSES plant silence of a has its "audit the up auditing department that programs other than what NRC would to make sure we're to speed," says Ferentz. NRC personnel, augmented by engineers and special forces, con- duct large and small-scale inspec- and "They cover so much material, they'll send an itinerary," Ferentz says. But little advanced notice is given so Security can't change things for the tions tests. lies group a vital role symbol of Ferentz says at a silence. The that quietly plays the largest visible power the in area. SSES is happy to stay behind the scenes because, "sometimes a low profile is Security at the best profile. "5 CHEVROLET- CADILLAC COLUMBIA AIRCRAFT SERVICES, INC. APPROVED. REPAIR STATION NO. JM2R930K F.A.A. Bloomsburg Municipal Airport 300 East Fort McClure Boulevard Bloomsburg, PA 17815-9588 717-784-3070 Lycoming and Continental Distributor 420 CENTRAL ROAD BLOOMSBURG, PA. CELEBRATING 20 YEARS OF SERVICE 784-2720 Scott L. Smith, President Spring 1997 25 By Tom Venesky ON Everyone A COLD FEBRUARY afternoon at the Sunbury Ice Rink, two hockey players fought for control of the puck. One player checked the other with a forearm to the head. Steamed, the second player responded with a slash-proving that on the Amanda Hemsarth can fend ice, for herself. The 17-year-old School junior er in the is Millville High the only female play- Susquehanna Valley Ice "It's an unusual sport Hockey League. for a girl to play," says Hemsarth, makes it even more fun." Most girls who play hockey join field hockey team and leave the "that a ice to the guys. hockey sion 28 is Amanda plays field as well, but her true pasfor the ice. Amanda's family Her Bruce, and younger brother, in shares her love for ice hockey. father, Greg, also play in the league. The Susquehanna Valley Ice Hockey League consists of eight teams. Players range in age from 14 their 50s. Amanda is used to being the only female on the ice because all of her hockey experience has been against guys. When to she was growing up, her father's came over to play pond hockey. "We played for four hours friends every and Sunday," Amanda. When she was 12, she began playing organized hockey in open games at the rink. "My father and I were on opposite teams," says Amanda, "That made it really Saturday explains competitive." At 15, she joined the league and got her first experience of organized hockey. The league allowed checking and the games were more intense than the pond hockey games. Players from Hershey and even Canada came to play in this league. Everybody took the game seriously and Amanda didn't know how would react to a female playing her teammates on their team. "I don't think there was a lot of resentment, they really didn't what know Amanda. "After they all went out to think," says they got used to way it encourage me." Teammate, Dick Laroche says of their that to anybody onto the to play. ice "It is willing to step out given a chance fair doesn't matter if you're male or female, if you can stand on skates you can play," he says. Although it's now a non-checkSpectrum Ice Hockep and they dropped the gloves," Amanda, "They were on each other the whole game and ended up getting kicked out." recalls Amanda's ing league, during year checking was first allowed. That year was a proving ground for first Amanda show to she could that handle the physical play. "During one game the go and letting things were refs guy a hit me in the head with his forearm," says Amanda, "so I slashed him back with my was a girl he kept apologizing." stick. When he found out I Amanda is the only make her exempt hit. "When I put my Amanda during her league. The shot; scored her first wrist shot is goal first season in the her best however, she scores most of her goals by posting in front of the and knocking in rebounds. like to hang in front of the net and catch the goakender out of position," says Amanda. She plays net "I from getting hair up under my helmet the players don't even know there's a girl the game with an aggressive style, whether chasing loose pucks or fearlessly going into the boards. "She can handle the puck pretty good and maneuver well on her on the skates," says Laroche. Just because female doesn't says Amanda. The first was on ice," the receiving end of a cheap shot she was more sur- prised than angry. "I time she thought to myself, 'What a creep, back later.' didn't forget didn't get I it," recalls get I'll mad him but I Amanda. "Hockey is game a intimidation," says Laroche, off, she'll come BLOOMSBURG CALL OR a family affair for the Hemsarths. Amanda's father, Bruce, is a co-captain of the as Amanda's coach. team and acts hockey is a (717) 387-0490 ECONO (800) 55 "Ice passion," says Bruce. Outside of the a dairy Hemsarth family operates farm with l60 cows. Amanda learned her aggressive of "Amanda doesn't get intimidated. She doesn't back is INTERSTATE 80 rink, the She doesn't let the gender issue stop her from dishing out a check to get even. Hockey LOCATED AT EXIT 34 OFF right back Dr. Russell M. Hoch Cdlurfibio County at you." She says there is a fine line between a clean check and a cheap "When we're landing solid that's good hockey, it makes game faster and livens it up," shot. Chiropraetie Centei checks the she says, "But when you do Individuals Family Health Care flagrant things to intentionally hurt some- one, like an elbow to the face, that's just • • Headaches Disc wrong." • Sometimes when a team gets a big lead and has the game won, the opposing team "will resort to dirty play out of frustration. "When Akhough she need it, doesn't up for her. guy hit me, and one of teammates whipped into him than willing to stick "One time my always her teammates are more Spring 1997 a & Leg Htp • • Sciatica Low Back Pain Pinched Nerves Spinal Disorders Head-Neck-Shoulder • Arm Pain Sfecial Bmfhasis 6z • Pain • a team is headhunting, you have to be aware of what's going on Amanda. says you," around "Sometimes it can be difficuk." • Irritations • Scoliosis • • f On Chronic n)ijjkult Cases Athletic Injuries • 5 I • Workman's Auto Accidents Personal Injuries • • X-Ray Insurance Plans Con-ip. Therapies Facilities Welcome Immediate Appointments Available 387-1450 499 West Main St. Bloomsburg 27 THE US ARMY HAS A NEW ARMY COLLEGE FUND! style the home of play from her dad, gives everything he has FOR A 2 YEAR ENLISTMENT YOU CAN RECEIVE $26,500.00 While she might be Hockey Ice who when on "Bruce sets a really good ice. example for Laroche, "He the explains kids," what hustle and is instincts are all about." Bruce plays on defense but FOR A 3 YEAR ENLISTMENT YOU CAN RECEIVE $33,000.00 also FOR A 4 YEAR ENLISTMENT YOU CAN RECEIVE $40,000.00 FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT THE US ARMY RECRUITING OFFICE AT: (717) 387-0486 OR WEB PAGE WWW.G0ARMY.COM YOUR the youngest player in the league. "We have good chemistry and play well together," says Amanda. Sometimes, Bruce moves up to center with his children on the wings to form the "Hemsarth Family Line." Obviously, her father loves the idea of her playing in the league. "He thought EXPLORE is mother is was it hula thing since the my "[My father] POTENTIONAL 'That's my I whoops and hollers score a goal and says, girl,'" make restroom a and conditions in the too crowded. little While Amanda has succeeded in the men's league, she didn't stop Two summers there. attended Ice Hockey camp ago Camp at she Penn The week-long University. State consisted of conditioning and training drills school players designed for high who w^ant to play at the college level. Coincidently, she was the only female there as well. "They helped training she says. every time will this greatest hoops, and That's nice dear,'" like. one inconvenience. Most ice one locker room, so Amanda has to change in the ladies' restroom. According to Amanda three more girls are going is still rinks have only to start playing in the league one of the League's leading Another teammate, her 14, at is scorers. brother Greg, right playing with the guys, there laughs Amanda. glideboards, ice," me with off-ice such as shooting with the and with things on the she explains. Although ice hockey is her true Free Admission Family Fun! 43 Exciting Rides including the Phoenix- one of America's 10 best Roller coasters Great Food! Games! Shops! Giant Pool & Waterslides! 500 Site Campground Route 487 Elysburg,PA 1-800-ITS-4FUN ^-^^^-^^-^^-^-^^-^^ 28 Spectrum Adaline Burgess Class of 1921 Karleen Hoffman Class of 1930 Hockey the left, a family affair for the Hemsarths. (From father Bruce, Amanda and Greg) is i hese two alumna have helped of mater with a portion love, Amanda doesn't limit herself to one sport. She also plays basketball, softball, naments in the for Millville and field hockey tour- High School. She coaches a team American Youth Soccer Organization with her friend Allyson Gatski. When to Although she would hockey, she says it she chooses a college. academic reasons like to "I first," want I when go to a college for explains Amanda, "having never played against other how good continue playing ice won't be the deciding factor to girls, I really don't know was so a playing. "I'll would love find a recreational league to play to play hockey in college, but any farther than a recreational league if I they us why Bloomsburg tell special to them, but their stories will remain a If you have made, or are considering,' a commitment we'd secure the future of Bloomsburg University, like to friends A number hear from you. who have having included Bloomsburg University plans are now of alumni and already identified themselves as charter members in their future of the university's Legacy Society. For more information on how you can Bloomsburg University with your annuity, or insurance policy charter member of the - will, support charitable trust, and be counted as a Legacy Society - contact: in. "^^Bloomsburg UNWERsrry I don't go that's fine." Whatever decision Amanda makes concerning her hockey future, chances are she won't be the last female from the Hemsarth family to play in the men's league. Her younger sister Erica, 9, has also started to play ice Development Center, Bloomsburg University 400 East Second Street, Bloomsburg, PA 17815 Telephone: (717)389-4128 FAX (717) 389-4945 On the Web at: h ttp://www. bloomu. edu/alumni/pages/welcome .html e-mail: foun hockey on the family pond. S Spring 1997 alma If mystery forever. * is their have to be because women's college hock- whole different level." Even if she chooses a college that doesn't have a women's ice hockey team, Amanda says she won't quit ey secure the future of their earthly treasures. were with us today, they could to help which type of hockey she likes better, field or ice, she can't decide. "Ice hockey helps me with field hockey by improving my hand and eye coordination," she says, "I like them both." comes it to Bloomsburg University by remembering @ husky.bloomu.edu 29 By Robin Weidner BEVERLY CRAWFORD when nearby IS USED residents to being awakened begin their drunken journeys home. Because it was St. Patrick's Day, she expected it to be a little louder than usual. Crawford rolled over and went back to sleep, only to morning her hand-made decorative and the pole had been stolen from her front porch on Bloomsburg's Iron Street. Crawford says this wasn't the first time something like this happened. "My husband brings the flags in every night now before we go to bed, or else people find that the next flag Beverly Crawford has made more than 100 flags in the past five years. would steal them, she says. Although these incidents " are discouraging, it favorite pasttime of doesn't stop Crawford from her making She began creating flags. about five years ago after New England and saw them for sale. "I thought they'd be easy enough to make," she says. They were an instant success. Since she began making flags, many local residents have nick-named her "the flag-lady." Crawford works at Weis Markets and acts as secretary for the Bloomsburg Bowling League and the Association of Bowlers. Still she finds time to sew. At the end of the day she says she relaxes by working on her flags. she visited a "At night craft sew show in when I am done washing husband goes to flags in to watch television the dishes, and I go for the rest of the night," she says. has a special room set aside just to work on She spends about three nights on each upon the difficulty of make a simple flag in as ing complex flag, my upstairs Crawford the flags. depend- the pattern. Crawford can little as two hours. pattterns take four or five hours. More She makes about 40-50 flags a year. Crawford buys most of her patterns at craft stores, but when she can't find a specific pattern, she and Craig, her daughter Amy's huband, create their own. can draw the pattern, but my is a draftsman by trade and he helps to size them for me," Crawford says. Most of the flags she makes are 3 feet by 5 feet. Unlike many of the nylon massproduced flags on the market, Crawford uses a material called trigger The previous "I son-in-law The material is heavier than nylon and keeps the flag from blowing away when it is windy outside. People let Crawford know when it's time for the weekly ritual of changing the flag. "They walk by my house and say we've seen that poplan. flag long enough," she says. Because Crawford's house bend porch is the they drive One down "was many see as Iron Street to work. for Stacy who showed a lamb a Longenberger flag Bloomsburg the Fair. Longen- who w^as nine at the won third prize for Good berger, time, at a of Crawford's most recent projects at thing first is on her in the road, the flag Housekeeping. year's flag had a picture of the pig the girl raised. "Her brother, show Jeffrey, animals mother says. this "The is •CERAiQCTlLE •Wallpaper •Aladdin Carpet going to Stacy's year," first GuDDES Paints •DoMCO Vrs-YL Floors thing he said I need flags, too.'" Crawford also makes several was, 'Now, flags supporting local high school makes the flags the school colors. The design based on the particular sport. sports teams. She One 2nd 8 in - S00 2«7-9^ PA 18603 Berwick, really ^ Getona Color • Nails • Crawford. on • Waxing Skin Care birdhouse flag, and a sunflower growing next to a picket fence with that KirkBowek4)wn'ek 717.7S9-S«91 PH. & FAX is In the spring, she hangs flags with daffodils and pansies. Some of Crawford's other favorites include a "It PA 18603 3 Sat. of her most popular flags favorite, says crow Pin-e Sis, Other Hours By APPOINTMENT is an eagle with an American flag background. The material she uses for the eagle's wing hangs down over the normal square bottom. Her rainy day flag showing a duck with galoshes and an umbrella is her a <5l Berwick, 8-5MON.-FRL 123 MiU Street • Danville, PA 17821 Rear 472 W. 3rd. St • Bloomsburg, (717)275-1166 PA 1 78 1 (717)784^77 At Harry's Grille, you'll feel welcome in the casually relaxed atmosphere of one of Northeastern Pennsylvania's finest restaurants. Everything about Harry's Grille aims to please: •friendly people on staff and dinner menus • breakfast, lunch, • a varied selection of delicious snacks •tempting sandwiches and accompaniments Get on a PRIlIFl Spring 1997 '" Magee's Main Street Inn 20 West Main first name basis with Harry's Grille! Street Bloomsburg, PA 17815 (717) 784-3500 special Report Reading Between the Lines By Vicki Harrison A MIDDLE-AGED DAVE*, from Montour once down sat BUSINESSMAN county, to read to However, he lacked his daughter. the necessary reading skills to even bedtime story. read a This was quickly pointed out to him by his preschool daughter in one simple sentence that has haunted him ever since "Daddy, children's — you can't read." One-third of Pennsylvania's 12 reading skills, adequate lack residents million according to a 1994 adults, representing 50 million peo- were functioning at Level 2, involving more varied, but still quite These staglimited reading skills. gering statistics become even more ple, through is one such individual received a high school diplo- believes teachers the knew he in his couldn't read, and The only "help" he remembers receiving was being sat at the back of the room by an elementary school teacher so he would not have to participate, and having tests read to him by certain high Northumberland counties), beyond school according to the Esther ninth grade, Ann Zabitz, coordinator of Susquehanna Valley Adult Cooperative. Literacy quite possible ly illiterate; many "It's are functional- someone who doesn't have enough reading and writing to function skills in today's soci- A fies functionally United illiterate, States 49th and ranks the out of 156 The National nations in literacy. Literacy Survey (NALS), administered nation'wide in 1994, found 21-23 percent of the adult population functioning skill Level 1, at reading capable of performing "brief, uncomplicated text." Another 25-28 percent of American only *Dave's real identity 32 did not help him. school teachers. tests] if far Dave, is "I'd you'd read as taking a reading it, I it [the Diane I -was OK participating O'Neil, as (in assistant coordinator of Susquehanna Valley Adult Literacy Cooperative, recognizes personality the traits Dave exemplified in school as two of three different means by which stu- dents with reading difficulties some- mask many cases slip virtually undetected teachers] their problems, and in through the school system. Dave's show traits behavioral patterns what of O'Neil describes as the "model student" the school didn't know, a problem only recog- few decades by the educa- tional system. In a person suffer- ing from dyslexia, a "switch" in the brain that times nized and properly tested within last was [the it however, was that Dave's reading problems stemmed from difficulty hearing short sounds and from the life I me, but as pass to book home and do it," recalls they my as sports)." it." dyslexia, long couldn't "and What United Nations study identi- 90 million American adults as Adult stUl knew ety," says Zabitz. mind He Dave who (Columbia, Montour, Union, Snyder 21,708 adults never finished high may Although some messages not connect properly in his ma, yet lacked adequate reading skills. "It's the most false piece of paper ever given to me," says Dave. fact that graduated from high school. school and connected," not that's explains Dave. due to dyslexia, certain messages Dave received from the high school he attended did connect. Those messages left Dave with the assumption that as long as he behaved and "was involved in sports, he would get by in school regardless of whether or not he could read. Dave concedes, "I felt when coupled with the many of these adults have disturbing by the Education Testing Service. In a five county area report switch doesn't function properly, and the "jock." The model student is one who is well mannered who gains extra credit from teachers for good behavior that boost their otherwise unsatisfactory grades. The "jock" w^ho receives in activities. extracurricular Although Dave could not be certain that his grades were and numbers backwards. his a a student involvement sports leading that person to see letters "It's is passing grades to ensure his or her actually enhanced because of involvement in sports, he not revealed because of career concerns Spectrum admits, you have playing think "I helped." sports O'Neil confirms, "We've So multiple choice. it's Adult Illiteracy test," statistically a chance of passing that gram, he says much many edge he has in his field may non-readers use law.'" problems. "Most of our non-read- A third type who problems behavioral keep of smdent is the exemplifies order in to reading disabilities hidden. such children are pushed through the school system in an educators dismiss their to unwanted behavior. However that different these may ioral habits some common between all behav- be, O'Neil believes threads exist of them, as well as in the school systems that allow these problems reading students' to remain undetected. The forms of used in classrooms do testing often little to detect reading difficulty. "Many times is given it is in school, The - when a test either true or false, or when the teacher asks a question, they can respond very well." Many non-readers exceptional listeners; what I because Dave ters really I says. can't He Ostomy - Incontinence Sunbox* Light Boxes - Lift acquired through listening to the sales representatives S. ,,r-.. y^ Market Street • Bloomsburg 717-784-9599 Spring 1997 who distrib- For Your Health THE ANNEX MEDICAL SUPLY COMPANY 1000 he can retain knowledge of a subject for later use. In fact, he says that much of the knowledge he has in his floor covering business was the general Chairs - fil- out the most important points in a conversation, so ^ "^ learn explains that he can be good communication good memory. and a John Pickin, 38, Danville, says he has also used similar survival skills to compensate for his reading deficiencies. "My other skills were skills sharpened," says Pickin, • "I could watch someone and just listen to them, and not be in the con- and how know what but versation, to do to do it." Gloria Phillips, 33, Mifflinburg, agrees her that learn to ability through watching others also helped her, in spite of not being able to "tactile, read. visual Phillips learner," is a according to her reading tutor, Karol Weaver, Mifflinburg. able to do "If it able to learn she sees it and is with her hands, she's it," explains Weaver, an instructor and graduate student Care Needs - Compare The Medicine Shoppe® Pharmacy With Mail Order Wheelchairs - Walkers - Canes Bathroom Safety Aids - Compression Hosiery Supplies they of the knowl- attributed to so also need to know, remember it all," Vitamins - Herbal - Nutritionals Wound Care are through their ability to listen in an efficient manner. "I only take in One Stop Air Purification Systems reading detecting in O'Neil, Often, effort also hinder have good memories," says "so they can listen, and ers Although he did complete a certification pro- says O'Neil. She also believes that the survival techniques had several students "who say, 'I was the jock. I was above the "problem child" uted his inventory. Dispense long-term prescriptions school than a lack of encourage- Adult Illiteracy your neighbor as we will at Penn Like continue supporting our community ment. "What hurt kids many "They non-readers, Phillips ment the ones school, never forming any lasting they thought with because she students other like felt an outcast. low Phillips attributes this to a self- esteem that she believes developed from two major obstacles she faced. more being a bank She claims the There's to than loans, receiving. fers and special rates. There's a responsibility to the community. PNCBAMK Where Performance Counts. Member FDIC Phillips, who also suf- from dyslexia, was placed in a education program after mutual funds interest obstacle first involved the education she was failing first grade. form (She did not per- satisfactorily in kindergarten Abortion Services • First & mid-trimester abortions •Free pregnancy testing •Free birth control pills 800-521-7444 34 nothing," says Phillips. She believes hindered her ability to learn more by turning her nature even naturally shy outright into ridicule withdrawal had low selfesteem, and when someone would tear me down, I would get hurt and isolation. more," she "I recalls. Floyd Walters of Bloomsburg, principal and former reading liai- son Middle Le'wisburg the for School, correctly points out that education has been improving in needs students are not subjected to such ridicule. "We don't pull children out of class anymore," says Phillips says that taught only basic were and never students skills, Instead, Walters explains, Walters. excel. "now vv^e have chapter teachers moving through the grades with children. They are in the room giv- says Phillips. room allowed to try Nevertheless, higher levels of the rudimentary level of education Phillips received earned her a high school diploma but, like Dave, she also couldn't read when she graduated. Phillips blames this on not being given any incentive. "Because I thought I was just slow at learning, I kind of eased back," says Phillips, "What- ing support to the regular classteacher, rather than pulling By keeping the child out." these students involved in regular class- room "we've eliminated activities, the stigma of 'Hey, you're special'," says Walters. "Chi" Walthery, 47, Lewis- P.S. burg, a former educator in New Jersey, Florida and Ohio, and for- mer program consultant the for me was Association for Retarded Citizens fine because I was not ever going make anything of my life." Dr. Ben Van Horn, superinten- (ARC), describes this form of edu- to cation as inclusion, ever they wanted to teach dent for the Mifflinburg school dision. disagrees with Phillips's opin- "From my knowledge of the est trends in one of the lat- education where spe- needs smdents are kept in reg"The program can be successful if it has cial ular classroom activities. daily activities of the special edu- enough of cation teachers, they're very dili- Walthery, about challenging the stu- dents, gent 355 North 21st Street Suite 206-208 Camp Hill, PA 17011 we were tor- because anyway.) In MifflLnburg school disspecial education program, trict's trict, •Gynecological care in that class the past 30 years, so today's special but was allowed to would enable them to "They just figured I had the basics and could make it in life," SERVICES Phillips. move on either, learning that HARRISBURG REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH most was the says thought they could just describes herself as being shy in friendships me me," teasing State University. a support team," says "if those involved, stu- dents academically, and providing educated, and them with a good transition into the work place," says Van Horn. However, Phillips says she faced an even greater problem in are "If and teachers made if parents, are proper materials available." She cautions, these programs are implement- ed without proper planning doomed to failure, they're because they Spectrum However, Adult liiiteracy with Dave, people off to inclusion by turn Walters says that the chapter program successful in the Lewis- is He burg schools. believes and allows students tion, it more one-on-one students same the way, this on paper and couldn't I out of a book," says Dave. it Dave believes that learning to read to learn his wife is a teacher, personal responsibility he himself. Therefore, on own. his is owed a to he sought help Unfortunately, for at their own assured a children that grasping what much is Intermediate founded to more adults was (CSIU), by and Zabitz. It instruction through students its grants obtained by CSIU from the Department of Pennsylvania Education and other govern- mental Anyone at no longer agencies. least 17 years old, or high attending are school, can seek confidential, one-on-one program tutorial services gram. for kids," says Walters, "since it's Unit 1982 in offers free materials being taught. better where from Columbia, Montour, Union, Snyder, and Northumberland counties. The program, sponsored through Central Susquehanna Walters. are Literacy work with volunteer tutors and teachers can be pace, "It's it could- Although children allowed to learn put read I Susquehanna Valley Adult Cooperative, Montandon, time, in the same book," explains In interest -was there, but offers developmental stages. "They don't all have to be on the same at existed. atten- in page, n't says that his ambi- leam has always tion to "My their errors." was not the case this who from this pro- Tutoring sessions take place in public settings, and at child sensitive." However, Walthery believes that the whole developmental process of a child's growth must the request of the students can be addressed. "No one is monitoring the whole development of a child," says Walthery. She "Most explains ment whatever subject in teacher particular is the child's growth. teachers Literacy to Perhaps teaching acy this distinguishing who truly Dr. Frank Laubach says Walthery. would between students have learning problems, By that refuse to learn. looking the child's entire devel- opment, social and emotional problems that sometimes cause children to rebuke against an education may also be recognized. Unfortunately, even when all these factors tion, are there taken into considerastill are students are disruptive, refuse to learn, who and blame everyone but themselves their failure. Spring 1997 students as (ESL). a Liter- American- are for many years his persistent search for help with his reading was met with ESL students are individ- born ed several different occasions, of the are interest- skills. In 1996, 312 students enrolled in the program. Of 196 literacy stuwere high school gradu"We have a lot of students ates. who are who come former school teachers. However, in each instance he was either level," denied assistance, or promised help that never developed. "I always pursued this, but the only real help I got was through CSIU," in the form of high to us school on graduates a second grade says O'Neil. These statistics sound only too familiar to Phillips, Pickin, and Dave, w^ho all received high school diplomas, yet lacked the necessary reading skills to even read them. More Dave. That help came who improving their English in language Dave sought help from reading instructors, physicians, and even recalls outside dents, 50 disappointment. On skills. uals United States Benton native and founder of Laubach Literacy International approach to aid teachers in and those at English born, with low level reading be aware of looking at a child as a complete package, rather than in isolation," and Second Language of "Dedicated need alv/ays towns. self-con- about their reading so we're very accommodating," says O'Neil. Students in the program are classified in two basic groups. that rest are deficiency teaching, and doesn't consider the home their students scious a child's develop- deals with of side teacher often a that be arranged to take place out- startling is Robert Berkheimer, the case of 58, Danville, 35 he moved to a job in the hospital's garage food Adult illiteracy who his alphabet when he problem, Berkheimer, in a special education ABC's, Fortunately, a farm, and I knew notliing." vocation, often keeping from school to do Dad kept me home so. to help this practice is today's Berkheimer's case, a job on the Pickin and Dave it disadvantages in children, such as dyslexia and attention deficit disor- to find help with Regardless of improvements in education, with adequate reading tional skills. Berkheimer, and Dave in helped him get dairy farm at Danville reading disorder tion of schools with records] there proper educational testing did not [the "It preoccupa- good standing out there," says Dave, way because is Hov/ever, may be I my can say some school trying to out it's wife teaches." districts overcome this by initiating propromote literacy. For the Warrior Run school preoccupation grams which 17 years. is "and the only problems. in the educapreoccupied the expense of ade- contrast, dyslexia a at quate educating. State Hospital is them gets "The schools, all the way through, helped me as much as they could," he explains. Unfortunately, along with Phillips and Dave, Pickin's where he worked for Once the dairy was closed. too is to teach- he attended attempted to help his Dave believes system with having good records, and often let Pickin believes that the school dis- him with 30 years as an edu"I have seen our professional ability develop to identify more problems." systems that failed to provide them trict his Walters says, cator, opposing opinions on the school my not encouraged During der. problems from Susquehanna Valley Adult Literacy Cooperative. However, the four have Alth- educational system, today's of Phillips, them down when it came ing them to read. In him on school. that fol- has believe the educational system wasn't "I the farm," says Berkheimer. in in the footsteps Phillips, him the him home learning anything in school, so ough lowed Berkheimer lived on his father taught left believes to recognize the causes of learning Berkheimer his reading program. How^ever, he did not receive even the rudimentary skills that she did. "I really didn't know anything," says Berkheimer, "I didn't know my Walters service. Today, like Phillips, he exist until after his school systems are better equipped left. from an acute speech Suffering was placed know until retirement after almost 36 years of attended high school until the tenth grade, but didn't even delivering that instance, in district students are offered incen- Bloomsburg University 1997-98 Celebrity Artist Series Friday, February 27 Aquila Theatre Company of London Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar" Saturday, October 4 Martha Reeves and the Vandellas Wednesday, March 25 Symphony Orchestra with Nadia Salerno Sonnenberg Saturday, October 18 Music Theatre Associates "Grease" Saturday, November 8 Carlota Santana Spanish Dance Company Cincinnati New "Fiesta Flamenco" For ticket information, 36 Tuesday, April 14 Yorli City Opera National Company "Daughter of the Regiment" call (717) 389-4409 Spectrum read through reading con- tives to tests, which in special needs stu- dents are encouraged to participate in as well. "Through our library, we have reading contests for all reading levels to promote literacy," says Kov/alski, principal at Sarah Warrior Run High School. John Klusman, Bloomsburg High School principal, says that special needs students are given tutoring for classes that require a lot of reading, and are assisted by w^hen tests are given. Because of these types of assisinstructors tance, Klusman "Every stu- says, dent graduating from here spokesperson Corbe, Adult illiteracy liter- is the for don't think that everyone She adds that funding is targeted towards adults with the most educational need. "In general, both state and federal funding is to be used for the most uneducated or undereducated adults," says Corbe. She adds, "The objective is to have the services tailored to each individual adult's needs." However, as read cation. a whole, adult students literacy need community support as w^ell, according to Corbe. "Communities have to understand and respond to the literacy needs within their own quality specific areas to structure programs insufficient who have adults for literacy says skills," one degree or another, but there are some students who have Corbe. lower levels resources are necessary to provide ate to of literacy [due to learning disadvantages]." grams aimed eracy reducing adult at illit- promoted. link to such not properly is Therefore, illiteracy's and economic concerns as unemployment, crime, poverty and domestic problems remains unchanged. The U.S. loses over $225 billion a year in productivity due to Almost $5 billion a year illiteracy. is spent on welfare and unemployment because of illiteracy. "People have to learn to read, or we're social going to become a two-tier society," says O'Neil. In spite of these statistics, gov- programs like Susquehanna Valley Adult Literacy Cooperative, and aid in the devel- opment of new Kirk ernment support often fails to provide adequate funding for proat reducing the a in "There's been government to is outreach work to "Local expand the of local literacy pro- and recruit train vol- unteer mtors, and then match mtors with students who need To ensure funding that help." adult continues, tion that lobbies is literacy on behalf of the "The lobbying campaign. an outgrowth of organizing dents on behalf stu- of themselves," says Zabitz. "The biggest advocates are the adult students themselves," she adds, "and that's how it should be." One is Gov. Tom Ridge's proposed budget for this year calls for only a three percent increase in funding for adult education, adult literacy, which includes according to Chris can't else," says Pickin. Certainly, it was not "skid row bums" that Benton native Dr. Frank C. Laubach envisioned when he embarked on a worldwide literacy campaign in the early part of this century. While working as a mis- Moro sionary with the tribe in the province Philippine Lanao, of Laubach developed his one-to-one teaching method, and mastered the idea of using phonetics as the core people to read. for teaching After funding was discontinued, Laubach found that the who had JVIoros ers. his literacy globe in his 40 years of service. Founded Literacy 900 local literacy proUnited States, and an additional 33 programs in other countries. One such program is in the Susquehanna Valley Adult Cooperative, where donated I'll take a couple of days and to Washington, D.C., to lobby so Literacy volunteer 7,936 hours to teaching others to read in 1996. "They are the backbone of our of the pro- group," says gram's tutors. O'Neil Many housewives have become tutors, says O'Neil, but it is the former students who become tutors that she is most proud of. Dave is one of these former students, who embodies the "Each one, teach one" motto, by being a illiterate lit- presently sponsors grams his eracy program, has gone on to help others through lobbying. "A lot of Laubach 1955, in International coming helping himself teach this dis- and led Laubach to expand campaign around the covery, tutor to after one, "Each Laubach's one" motto formed from who, learn to read with the aid of the go going to of these student advocates Pickin times, who row bum ^vho's never learn how to do anything a skid tutors government students have formed an organiza- reduce funding for adult education," says Zabitz. Spring 1997 needed funding grams which adds, Shisler politics. push big Laubach Literacy for International. of fund director illiter- acy problem. O'Neil concedes that change resources educational because of materials, according Shisler, development literacy grams aimed more governmental However, to is learned to read were teaching oth- training to localized Unfortunately, support for pro- and representatives senators that Pennsylvania Department of Edu- adults. reading perhaps Dave can By over- deficiencies, finally lay to rest words his daughter once spoke, and replace them with "Daddy, you the new affirmation can read."S those tell-tale — 37 COLUMBIA COUNTY'S Men of Iron HARD TO IMAGINE A TIME The Iron Guards were named when mules pulled men up IT'S canal next and down Bloomsburg at the time. The men wore uniforms paid for by local citizens who donated $1,500 to the cause in a the to ever, May 7, built Susquehanna. that was How- the case on when the Rolling Wave, boat owned by William T. 1861, a canal from Bloomsburg's Port Noble, carrying all 77 men of the Iron Guards from Columbia County. Their destination Coleman, departed was Camp The Curtin, Harrisburg. Iron Guards organized themselves within a week after the fall of Fort Sumter and formed three volunteer companies to fight in the Civil War. after the iron industry in just a few days. They were trained by Capt. William T. Ricketts, who had spent time at West Point. Armed with supplies and a small cornet band, the Iron Guards set out for Camp Curtin where other Pennsylvania volunteers were gathering. A number of citizens accompanied the volunteers on their trip. Lt. Charles B. Brockway commented on the mood of the men in a letter he wrote home a few days later: "It was not regret for what we had done that saddened our but thoughts, the reflection some and perhaps bidding final and friends all that of us were adieus to weeping many that of us were beholding the spires of Bloomsburg for the last time." His letter also documented the Camp Curtin in detail. Along way they stopped at the Catawissa Bridge to greet the many people who assembled. They also greeted them, anel a barrel of tar was burned so that people could see the volunteers boat passing Many of those peo- ple provided the party with milk, bread and supplies. When in the Iron Guards arrived Harrisburg the next afternoon, the governor, legislature, ous military company the of On nized on to their tom of the boat and others slept on Run, 16, home nic) the retired They fought Bull June returned send them on their way. As the cornet band beds of straw strewn along the bot- to at the Gettysburg, Antietam, and Fredericksburg. berland where citizens gathered to some volunteers the and The Iron Guards went on battles played, drilled serve an extensive three-year tour of the South. Danville and Northum- best lent of the military police. the at vari- equipped that had come to Harrisburg. Because of their prior training with Ricketts, the Iron Guards were given responsibilities equiva- trip to docked and men pronounced 1864, the men to a repast (or pic- town of Bloomsburg orgathe court house lawn. They honored the soldiers who returned and remembered the 14 who died and 27 were wounded. S -George Turner the deck. Just about the time things began ties to calm down and the reali- of war began to enter the men's thoughts, the Rolling Selinsgrove. Wave reached Although it was the middle of the night, a brass band Abridged by Robin Weidner from War Letters from Soldiers and Citizens of Columbia County, Pennsylvania. Edited by George Turner, Published by The Columbia County Historical 1996. (Photo above: Lt. Society, Charles B. Brockivay) Spectrum ^v^&ff\A Co\>& TroudCy CdcBrating Our 16tfi ')''ear in 'Doivntozun 'BCoomsSurg! 9{imteen-'}{inety-Si7(i%eci^ient of Ikt ^ine Spectator's JAzuard of 'E?(ceCUnce Ctancy 's-0-pening 9\[pveinSer 1996 featured in "!ALi About 'Beer" 'Magazine and the Qrand Awardfrom the 'Mait Advocate "We zueCconte you to join us at 1{usseCC's for fine dining and a reCa?(ing atmosphere. from our dining room to our bar, you 'ii find many deCightfuC e?q)eriences. 'PCease do visit us. 117 'West Main Street 'BCoomsburg, "Pa. 17815 717-387-1332 "Watch for us on "WVlA's Chefs of the Qreat 9{prtheast VOL n,NO.Z-FALL 1997 S1.95 (CAN. &Z.95) Jjai V\ . % X 'v 'I ) 1 H" ^^ L INDEPENDENCE AUTO GROUP FORD - HONDA - TOYOTA Family (^^p) Area's Largest Ford Car ties Huge Inventory & Truck Of (^^p) Largest Selection Large In-Stock Inventory Of Genuine Toyota Parts Of Pre-Owned Cars, Trucks & Vans Saturday ^^^ Full Autobody & Collision Repair All together. 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Did you our Used Textbooks 30% Education Supplies & Art Supplies 20% Trade Books 10% (does not apply to special orders) Other Services of Interest Dry Cleaning Video Rental FAX-Send and Receive UPS-Ship anywhere in USA Western Union Gift Certificates Film Developing Apple Computers IVIoney Orders may I not be behev- EDITORIAL ing, and a picture may be worth far more than a thousand words. Stephanie Kreamer, a junior at Bloomsburg University and Spectrum's art Managing Editor Steve Kleinfelter Associate Editor Lenore Olsen Production Manager Tammy Benscoter Art Director Stephanie Kreamer Assistant Editor Heather Williams Editorial Assistants Jim Seip director, created this issue's cover-and none of it exists, except in her fertile imagina- and creative soul. The road and tree exist, but in a different form in Hemlock Twp. It was a photograph tion Tom Venesky Vicki Harrison J taken in the early Fall by Loraine Letkiewicz. Stephanie BUSINESS Advertising Director Karyn Gandenberger Promotion Director added snow and ice and overlayed it with a background texture to winterize it. Caroline Glassic The Circulation Director leaf in the upper right corner Store Hours was brought Monday-Thursday 7:45 a.m. -8 p.m. Friday 7:45 a.m.-4:30 p.m. Saturday Heather Williams maga- Bookkeeper zine production lab, placed into a scanner The vase and but held the roses. In fact, aren't even Carissa Foley digitized. exists, 11 a.m. -5 p.m. Sunday into the it Production Consultants Jeff Gosper Jim Seybert never there six roses. Steph- Dick Shaffer anie scanned one rose into the 11 a.m.-4 p.m. |||iH^||iii|ga2|il|| computer, then manipulated REFUND-RETURN POLICY 1 You must have your image receipt. Books must be returned within 10 days of purchase. 3. You must have a signed Drop-Add form. 4. Book must be in same when purchased. each a different color. Then, she added the type. The final cover is a compila- University Store repur- chases textbooks adopted for the upcoming semester at 55% of the retail price. Textbooks not needed for inventory may be purchased by Missouri Book Company market at the prevailing price. and Business Bake less Center 106 Bloomsburg University Editorial Bloomsburg, PA 17815 Phone:(717)389-4825 Fax: (717) 389-2094 tion of 15 separate overlapHall of ping layers. The The to give the illusion there were six different roses, 2. condition as its result is a work done not on canvas, but on screen, reflective of the season and of our centerspread story about roses in winter. It's just one of the many stories in this issue. Enjoy them. THE EDITORS Fame magazine Associated Collegiate Press of art, Spectrum is published twice a year by the Program in Journalism, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania. No portion of Spectrum may be ing, reprinted, including advertis- without permission of Spectrum. Copyright 1997 Spectrum Magazine ISSN 0892-9459 Contents BINGO! by Heather Williams Some BINGO local hotspots for enthusiasts On The 6 by Steven Ice Kleinfelter & Tom Venesky Tips for heating up a popular winter sport Shedding New Light by Steve Keeping "at Kleinfelter school risk" kids in Bent Feather of The Flock by Karyn Gandenberger One mother's struggle with Rose ADD 'Petaler' by Caroline Classic & Karyn Candenberger Rob Dillon carries 'Til by a122 year Violence tradition Do us part Vicki Harrison Clothesline project raises awareness about domestic violence. Walk Like A Man A look at abuse, from the eyes of the young O/^ Dying ^^ in Bloomsburg by Jim Seip A look at a local dye company with NationalAcclamation Cover Design by Stephanie Kreamer The Tracks 28 of History by Tammy Benscoter A look at local railroads when trains roamed the countryside Spectrum BINGO! "We other, pretty all and it's much know each always a good time," who says Annette Cooper, Danville, has been playing at the Washington Company Fire (Washies) in Danville every Wednesday night for 25 years. can "It add up," really says Cooper, "but there are also cash prizes larity more than sim- involves showing up play the game. to numerous multicolored "dabbers" to mark the numbags, hold bers called and tote plastic figurines for Markers, boards, and good luck charms are all part of BINGO at the Catawissa Fire Hall. good luck. "You must have an elephant," worth hundreds of According to the players BINGO games at Ever or a "postage stamp" hour"? at Ever pay $60 averaging about 100 sidered small, local halls attract over 400 some local "That's nice, but fun out of called. it really takes the Cooper game." it," the original says. "It's not The game of BINGO, first record- ed in 1778, was originally an English game The "Keno" or "Kino," dates from the early nine- tions. teenth century. player can win several ways, BINGO" traditional by covering a straight line. five "straight numbers in The "postage stamp" covers four numbers in each comer of the card and "bull in the ring" is won by covering the squares around the center or "free" space. BINGO games range from $60 a night, $15 to depending on the color of The Moose Lodge in Bloomsburg charges $25 to $100 for packages ranging from 30 to 90 games respectively. the card a player chooses. Winter-1998 since it reopened for BINGO "BINGO is what keeps this place The average person running," he says. spends close to $40 a night, according The Sorber. go profits American Legion and the to charity organi- earliest won called "Lotto." American form, called The game gradually recognition as "Beano," "Lucky," each nights other players attend regularly well and know enough to joke reached the height of "People like to yell things to the caller and some of the fold papers and throw women them on will stage," he says. But the jackpot still creates the most excitement. "The people really get into it when they are playing for the thousand dollars," Sorber says. "Radio," or "Fortune." It BINGO around. are held at local churches or fire sta- the retired a zations such as Bloomsburg's Easter television screen children's A Lodge to BINGO halls attract nearly 700 people weekly. Many of these BINGO nights including Sorber, postal worker, has been playing at the Egg Hunt. The majority of the as a tradition at birthday parties that games on Sunday and the nights. games" that utilize a to show the numbers people regard the ages-old unaware who runs Monday out $2,300 to $2,400 a James Sorber, Bloomsburg, people a night, playing "high-tech games? If not, then you're probnot aware these are popular games on BINGO nights. or fairs, "We pay night," says "happy ably game Many at to play these Many one game known as "The Jackpot" Moose Lodge. places like the the are con- people a night. played a "bull in the ring" dollars. nights in 1983. says Cooper, "they are lucky." Washies, the by Heather Williams winning cash and prizes their luck at of the players carry canvas BINGO cards with their admission tickets, then tried Today, players can win $1,000 in BINGO Many BINGO patrons received free over $200." ply during the Great Depression. The game then became known as "Screeno" and was played in movie theatres. One night of the week its popu- S Photos by Joan Heifer %D^^iA^ by Steven Kleinfelter and Tom Venesky Although the temperature may be below freezing, winter can be a hot time for fishing. Ice fishing requires little angling skill and is a great outdoor activity for the whole family. The equipment is basic, easy to find and inexpensive. The necessary tools are a tipup, a jigging pole, an awl, an ice scoop, and either a man- ually operated or gasoline-powered auger. The auger operated auger is used to is less drill a hole in the ice. A manually expensive; however, a gasoline-pow- ered auger saves time and energy. No matter what type, according to Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission regulation, the hole may not exceed 10 inches in diameter, Once ice to the hole is drilled, the scoop from the hole. It is is used to remove loose important to keep the hole free of ice prevent sharp pieces from cutting the fishing Une. After the hole is cleared, the baited line can be dropped. There are two types of setups line. that can be used to work the A tipup is a reel of line mounted on a tripod that stands over the hole. The line is depth and a signal flag is bites, the flag is released baited and lowered to the proper attached to a catch. When a fish and pops up. The other type of pole is a jigging pole, a short rod about two or three feet long. The pole is baited now or small jig and worked up and utes to attract fish. setups. Many down every anglers choose both According to Fish Commission rules, an anglefinay use a maximum of five devices and no more than two jig- ging poles. The awl is a wooden device that is worn around an angler's neck. If anglers falls through the ice, they can break the awl into separate parts revealing a spike end. The spikes at each are placed into the ice, giving grips to the anglers so they can pull themselves out of the water. "I also strongly Photos by Tim Flanigan recommend County Waterways Conservation Mark Pisko, officer. Pisko also recommends ice fishermen ice to see how ice because strong it's it is. wear a Columbia that ice fishermen personal floatation device," says Clear ice is test opacity of stronger than cloudy newer. "Always go with a buddy," says Frank Cann, assistant regional supervisor for the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission's northern headquarters in Sweet Valley. "Stay away from docks, rocks, dams and stumps." Factors underneath the ice can also dictate is. how safe it Rotting vegetation and large schools of fish generate Spectrum Ice Fishing Although Lake ChiUasquaque heat that can melt the ice from the bottom. "People often overestimate the thickness of the ice," is not stocked with trout, Pisko says there are good opportunities for panfish, bass, owned by says Pisko. "I've seen guys walking on ice so thin that and northern pike. Lake ChiUasquaque every time they step down, the water seeps through their auger holes." Pennsylvania Power and Light, but managed by the Fish In Columbia and Montour counties, Pisko recom- mends Briar Creek Lake, north of Berwick; and Lake ChiUasquaque in the Montour County Preserve. Briar Creek Lake offers good opportunities for panfish and trout. The lake stocked with trout in October, is November, and February. The October and November Many Commission, and is unique because a section of is it is set aside as a refuge. "The refuge portion of the lake says Kevin Drewencki, land for the preserve. He children because it want to is only for ice fishing." management superintendent says the lake is a great place to bring holds an abundance of panfish. keep the lake as a family fishery. We ""We improve the of the panfish habitat by putting out porcupine reefs every year." from these months will be left over for the winter season. The February stocking is part of the Late WinterExtended Season program started by the commission two Porcupine reefs are structures made of wood and block that stockings are part of the fall stocking program. trout years ago. Trout is in season at Briar Creek Lake until March 31. The limit is three daily with a minimum size of seven inches. Along with a fishing license, a trout stamp is required. Photo below: A tipup and a jigging rod are two devices winter anglers can use to catch their limits. Gas powered augers make drilling photo on holes right.) in ice a breeze. (See provide shelter for panfish. In order to fish there a permit must be obtained from PP&L. Permits are obtained by calling 437-3131 Ice fishing many outdoor remember to is a great way to free, and can be overcome cabin fever for enthusiasts during the winter months. Just be safe, have fun and stay warm, s L^CA^AMaJCiI yj(/lXicJi Q)' OperaCompany William L. Bitner Class of Daughter of the Regiment Tickets: $30 956 1 /.!< I\n M. Kilpatrick Class of 1 957 KjfvcvmJLc/i q) ei>i/CA Thursday, These three alumni are securing Tickets: Bloomsburg University by remembering their alma mater with a portion of their earthly treasures. By acting today, these individuals students fulfill will Thursday, Oct. 15 you have made, or are considering, a commitment to help secure the future of Bloomsburg University, we'd like to hear from you. A number of alumni and friends who have already identified themselves as having included Bloomsburg If in their future plans are now charter Legacy Society. For more information on how you can support Bloomsburg University with your will, charitable trust, annuity, or insurance policy - and be counted as a charter member of the Legacy Society - con- members $15 Paramount Brass Tickets: $15 mem- ories for a lifetime. University 28 Thursday, July 30 help tomorrow's educational dreams and build May New York Chamber Ensemble the future of €% Le Trio Gershwin Tickets: $15 Save $25 by subscribing to all three Celebrity Artist Series events scheduled for the Spring '98 semester. of the university's Save $15 by subscribing to all three 1998 Chamber Series events. tact: g. ^^Bloomsburg University |..FOUNDAn£W Gift Certificates Are Available! Call (717) 389-4409 Development Center, Bloomsburg University 400 East Second Street, Bloomsburg, PA 17815 Telephone: (717)389-4128 FAX (717) 389-4945 On ttie Web at. http;//wwwbloomu.edu/alumni/pages/welcome.titml Mitrani Hall Box Office hours: Noon to Monday thru Friday 4 p. m. Bloomsburg UNIVERSITY Spectrum Tupperware •Glidden Paints •Ceramic Tile •Wallpaper •Aladdin Carpet •Pergo & Tarkett Floors •Verticle-Mini-Duette Blinds Wood •DoMCO Vinyl Floors Kathryn Magee 717-759-2775 2nd & Pine Sts Berwick, 8 - 5 MON.-FRI. 8 - 3 Sat. PA 18603 Kirk Bower-Owner 717-759-8091 PH. & Fax Other Hours By Appointment 800 287-9040 ^^•-•^4^ \ ^KSchoolhouse Quality Musical Instruments Central Pennsylvania's most Guitars by Gibson, Martin, Guild, Dobro. complete Dollhouse Shop 279 Tues. -Sat. 10-4:30 Phone: 717-275-6538 Mill Danville, Amps, sound systems, drums, music books & Street 11-Midway Between Bloomsburg & Danville Weekdays 10-5 Fri. 'Til 6 Rt. Saturday 1-5 instruction videos PA 17821 387-1159 Join the Celebration! ^^%* Your professional regional theatre since 1978 * ENSEMM£ & Supplies ^^am , , Season Liue, Professional Theatre Xiu I^-mxMl JiMsib A Suspense Thriller By Charles Uidkim Directed is by Tom Bym comedy contajns exacHy three bad words; for immature audiences onty! MARCH at the Alvina Krause Theatre Winter-1998 • Center St., 13-28 Bloomsburg, PA 17815 • Call for tickets: 784-81 81or toll free: 1-800-282-0283 shedding New Light Keeping by Steven 'at Risk' Students in School Kleinfelter back to the home school to be re-evaluated to find a more appropriate solution. Lee explains two unwritten rules she Discipline problems, poor attendance records and academic underachievement usually buy students trips to the principal's office. In the six school districts of Columbia County, students get a "The shed," the tive education trip to "the better program, is "Show your also advocates. Donna known synonym for the alterna- who designed for students teacher Lee, at the Alternative School. She explains that your igno- Doug Wolf, 17, Bloomsburg, a third-year student of the alternative education program, says that although the stu- shed." dents r--»-™---=-™™~'~»»"»~~~^^ Show your can't "stigmatized," are tion has helped him. Columbia-Montour the nickname origi- he asked to intelligence, ignorance. the trailer has been replaced by a building with four class- was "I crowd. previously sat beside Crispin Field in Berwick. This year move Wolf says to the program three years ago. not your nated because of the trailer that housed the program, which he believes that alternative educa- deal with the structure of a regular classroom environment, says intelligence, not rance," says Lee. And, students must "use their manners." back I [to in with the wrong really don't my home want to go school], but I ~«==>™..=.««»««.»»^ rooms, each with a capacity of 10 students. There office, a "A common is area and a student store. large portion of the kids have failed and guess also an I were held to (CSIU) took over an alternative education program that had been run by Union and Snyder counties, says Kathy Bohinski, director of educational initiative at the CSIU. hard. keeps a faculty of four teachers and one teacher's aide maximum enrollment of 40 students. Participants are considered "at risk" of dropping out of school. often have problems with They school attendance, academic have to. I teachers [at Bloom and Everyone here to felt like Bloomsburg High can go to just about any." says Wolf. "I talk they're like 'you go to that shed school' and I'm like 'no, man, everybody Wolf hopes never go is smart.' It's like down there tries being in a family." to college after he graduates. Providing structure and stability is one of the ways the program is effective. "Many of these kids come from broken homes or have no real family structure," Lee says. "People think these kids are bad," says Bohinski. "Some have done bad, but some come from situations that they were never taught right from wrong." work and conduct. For I people from back a year or so," says Lee. The program began about 10 years ago when the Central Susquehanna Intermediate Unit The my could go up to any of School]. Here I this reason, students are required to sign a contract Students benefit from the predictability of the school. of 19 rules Students are also under another contract from the home Photo by Karyn Gandenberger school. "The home school keeps a contract of why they are here," says Lee. They must abide by that contract. If a student is referred to the alternative education program for attendance problems and the problem continues, the student Levy Whitesell, 14, is brought Berwick; Doug Wolf, 17, Bloomsburg; and Andy Sweigert, 16, Millville (left to right) benefit from instruction on computers, one of the many indi- vidualized programs at the alternative school in Berwick. Spectrum Alternative E-C> ujUL continue to naue aJxiLtkood. or down